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硒对氟中毒雏鸡肝脏细胞色素P450酶系主要亚型的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
本试验旨在研究硒对氟中毒雏鸡肝脏细胞色素P450酶系主要亚型活性(含量)的影响及CYP3A37基因转录情况.选取180羽7日龄健康雏鸡,随机分为3组,分别为正常组、氟中毒组和加硒组.正常组饲喂全价日粮;氟中毒组在正常日粮中添加氟化钠(NaF),使日粮中氟含量为1 000 mg·kg-1;加硒组在氟中毒组日粮基础上添加亚硒酸钠(Na2SeO3),使日粮中硒含量为4 mg·kg-1.分别在第30、60、90天从各组随机选取20羽鸡,采用比色法测定P450酶系主要亚型活性(含量),利用RT-PCR方法测定CYP3A37 mRNA转录水平的变化.在添加氟化钠后第30天,氟中毒组除细胞色素P450含量和氨基比林-N-脱甲基酶(AND)活性低于正常组外,其余各酶活性(含量)较正常组均有增加(P<0.05);在加硒组中,除NADPH-细胞色素C还原酶和苯胺-4-羟化酶活性低于氟中毒组外,其余各哑型酶活性(含量)均高于氟中毒组(P<0.05).第60天时,氟中毒组酶活性(含量)均极显著高于正常组(P<0.01);在加硒组中,除NADPH-细胞色素C还原酶和氨基比林-N-脱甲基酶活性略高于氟中毒组外(P>0.05),其余各亚型酶活性(含量)均极显著低于氟中毒组(P<0.01).第90天时,氟中毒组除细胞色素P450含量略高于正常组外(P>0.05),其余各亚型酶活性(含量)均极显著低于正常组(P<0.01);加硒组中细胞色素P450含量和NADPH-细胞色素C还原酶活性略低于氟中毒组,其余各亚型酶活性(含量)均高于氟中毒组.在各时间点氟中毒组CYP3A37 mRNA转录水平均明显高于正常组(P<0.01);加硒组中mRNA转录水平介于氟中毒组和正常组之间.结果提示,饲料中添加氟化钠和亚硒酸钠可使鸡肝脏细胞色素P450酶系各亚型活性(含量)及CYP3A37 mRNA转录水平发生明显变化. 相似文献
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采用体外肝微粒体酶生化测定方法,研究地塞米松(DEX)和利福平(RFP)对鸡细胞色素P450酶系的影响。将36羽公鸡随机等分为对照组(生理盐水)、DEX处理组(5 mg.kg-1,腹腔注射7 d)和RFP处理组(15 mg.kg-1,口服7 d),第8天处死实验动物,提取肝微粒体,进行微粒体酶活性分析。结果显示:与对照组相比,DEX组相对肝重、肝微粒体蛋白浓度、细胞色素P450总含量和红霉素-N-脱甲基酶(ERND)的活性均显著升高(P<0.01),而RFP组各项指标没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结果提示:腹腔注射地塞米松对鸡肝CYP450产生明显诱导作用,口服给予利福平对鸡肝CYP450无明显诱导作用。 相似文献
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几种临床常用药物对猪肝细胞色素P450酶系的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
研究了几种临床常用药物对猪肝微粒体细胞色素P450酶系的影响。红霉素、环丙沙星、地塞米松和乙醇,按5倍治疗剂量进行肌肉注射每天1次,连续给药10 d。差速离心法制备猪肝微粒体,B radford法测定蛋白浓度,分光光度法检测6种肝细胞色素P450酶含量及活性。结果表明,4种药物除环丙沙星外,均对P450酶的总活性产生显著影响(P<0.05),同时地塞米松组的微粒体蛋白含量和红霉素-N-脱甲基酶活性,乙醇组的苯胺-4-羟化酶活性和红霉素组的红霉素-N-脱甲基酶活性,与对照组相比均差异显著(P<0.05)。说明环丙沙星和红霉素对猪肝细胞色素P450酶系有选择性抑制作用,而地塞米松和乙醇对其起选择性诱导作用。 相似文献
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为初步探讨染锰对公鸡肝细胞凋亡的影响,将400只50日龄海兰褐公鸡随机分为4组,分别在饲料中添加0、600、900、1 800 mg·kg~(-1) MnCl_2建立亚慢性锰中毒模型,于染毒第30、60、90天采取肝脏观察肝细胞形态学变化,检测肝细胞凋亡指数以及分析Fas mRNA的转录水平.结果显示,在第90天时,高剂量组与对照组相比,锰中毒诱导出现典型凋亡形态变化,随着染毒剂量的升高,凋亡细胞的数量逐渐增多;不同时间点,随着染锰剂量的增加,Fas基因mRNA转录水平基本呈升高趋势. 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2018,(12)
为探讨苏丹红Ⅰ(Sudan Ⅰ)对大鼠肝脏细胞色素P450酶系CYP 1A1、CYP 2E1和CYP 3A1基因表达的影响及ALT和AST活性的变化情况,将30只清洁级SD大鼠随机分为5组:对照组和Sudan Ⅰ处理组(包含四个剂量处理组),连续饲喂10 d,采集肝脏和血液作为检测样品。结果显示,Sudan Ⅰ处理组在一定剂量范围内,CYP 1A1、CYP 2E1和CYP 3A1基因的表达量呈上升的趋势,显著高于C组(P0.01,P0.05);ALT和AST的活性随着Sudan Ⅰ剂量的增加,呈现上升的趋势,且显著高于C组(P0.05,P0.01)。该结果提示,Sudan Ⅰ影响了CYP 1A1、CYP 2E1和CYP 3A1基因的表达以及ALT和AST的变化,从而发挥毒性,最终导致机体中毒,肝脏损伤。 相似文献
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为了研究钩吻提取物对猪肝脏细胞色素P450(CYP450)和醌氧化还原酶(NQO1)活性的影响，本试验选用95%乙醇溶液制备钩吻醇提取物和0.5%硫酸溶液制备钩吻酸水提取物，将56日龄仔猪随机分为5个组，每组15只，分别为T1组(基础日粮)、T2组(基础日粮+150μg/mL钩吻酸水提取物)、T3组(基础日粮+25μg/mL钩吻醇提取物)、T4组(基础日粮+50μg/mL钩吻醇提取物)和T5组(基础日粮+100μg/mL钩吻醇提取物),连续饲喂47 d,取肝脏制备微粒体和胞液，通过比色法分析钩吻提取物对肝微粒体中氨基比林-N-脱甲基酶(AND)和红霉素-N-脱甲基酶(ERND)活性的影响，并探究钩吻提取物对肝胞液中NQO1活性的影响。结果显示，与T1组相比，T2组对AND和ERND活性无显著影响(P>0.05),而T3组和T4组对两者活性均具有诱导作用(P<0.05或P<0.01);2种提取物均能极显著抑制NOQ1活性(P<0.01)。结果表明，钩吻醇提取物对CYP450活性具有诱导作用，钩吻提取物对NQO1活性有抑制作用。本试验揭示了钩吻对药物代谢酶存在影响，... 相似文献
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为探讨染锰对公鸡肝脏的毒性作用,将50日龄海兰褐公鸡400只,随机分为4组,分别在饲料中添加0、600、900、1 800 mg/kg MnCl2建立亚慢性锰中毒模型,于30、60、90 d采取肝脏,观察肝脏的显微及超微结构,检测肝脏中抗氧化酶(GSH-Px、SOD)活性.MDA含量.结果90d染锰公鸡肝组织的显微结构超微结构均表现出不同程度的病理学变化,各时间点肝脏GSH-Px、SOD活性基本呈降低趋势,MDA含量逐渐升高,均具有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05).亚慢性锰中毒使肝细胞发生了病理学改变并且降低了肝脏的抗氧化能力. 相似文献
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昆虫细胞色素P450酶广泛分布于各种需氧生物,是一类参与机体代谢解毒或代谢活化作用的超家族酶系。分析家蚕细胞色素P450酶基因表达对微量菊酯类农药的响应,有助于从分子水平阐释家蚕对农药的生理代谢机制,以及探讨细胞色素P450酶活性与家蚕对农药耐受性的关系。以对菊酯类农药耐受性不同的2个家蚕品种为材料,采用实时荧光定量PCR方法,检测分析2个家蚕品种5龄第3天幼虫添食微量(0.02 mg/L)氰戊菊酯后主要解毒组织中肠和脂肪体中3个P450酶9家族基因的转录水平变化及在品种间存在的差异,结果表明:敏感性家蚕品种Lan5的幼虫脂肪体组织中CYP9a19和CYP9a20基因m RNA的转录水平与对照组幼虫相比显著下调,在中肠组织中2个基因的转录水平变化不大,而CYP9a22基因m RNA在中肠和脂肪体中的转录水平均无显著变化;耐受性家蚕品种Mysore的幼虫中肠组织中CYP9a19和CYP9a22基因m RNA的转录水平与对照组幼虫相比均显著上调,CYP9a20基因m RNA在脂肪体组织中的转录水平也显著上调。研究结果提示:细胞色素P450酶9家族基因的转录水平变化,可能与家蚕不同品种对菊酯类农药的耐受性差异有关。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究汤阴北艾精油对CYP450酶各亚型活性和表达的影响。采用水蒸馏提取法提取北艾精油,通过GC-MS检测北艾精油成分。为研究北艾精油对CYP450酶活性的影响,将SD大鼠随机分为对照组（CON）和北艾精油组（EO）,分别灌胃0.1%吐温-80 100 μL/g和0.1%吐温-80稀释的北艾精油（5%）100 μg/g,灌胃后给予20 μg/g各探针药物,采用鸡尾酒探针法分别对给药后5、10、20、30 min及1、2、3、6、12、24、36、48 h血浆中3种探针底物的浓度进行检测,考察北艾精油对CYP1A2、CYP2E1和CYP2D6酶活性的影响;为探究北艾精油对CYP450酶基因和蛋白表达的影响,将昆明小鼠随机分为对照组和北艾精油组,分别灌胃0.1%吐温-80 100 μL/g和0.1%吐温-80稀释的北艾精油（5%）100 μg/g,连续灌胃3日,每日2次,末次给药24 h后提取总mRNA及肝微粒体,采用实时荧光定量PCR和蛋白免疫印迹法（Western blotting）测定CYP1A2、CYP2E1和CYP2D6 mRNA和蛋白表达含量。结果表明：①北艾精油主要成分为Eucalyptol;3-Cyclohexen-1-ol,4-methyl-1-（1-methylethyl）-3;（+）-2-Carene,4-.alpha.-isopropenyl-2;m-Mentha-4,8-diene,（1S,3S）-（+）-;Benzoic acid,2,4,6-trimethyl-2,4,6-trimethylphenyl ester。②对血液中非那西汀（CYP1A2底物）、右美沙芬（CYP2D6底物）和氯唑沙宗（CYP2E1底物）进行药代动力学分析可知,北艾精油具有抑制CYP2D6和CYP2E1酶活性的作用,而对CYP1A2酶活性无显著作用。③实时荧光定量PCR和Western blotting测定结果表明,北艾精油可显著抑制CYP2E1和CYP2D6酶的表达。综上,北艾精油对CYP2E1和CYP2D6酶活性和表达均具有明显的抑制作用,提示艾草精油不能同时与以CYP2D6和CYP2E1为主要代谢酶的药物同食。该研究结果可为北艾精油的合理用药提供数据基础。 相似文献
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本研究通过建立人肝微粒体体外孵育试验，考察泰妙菌素对4种CYP450亚酶的探针底物睾酮、非那西丁、氯唑沙宗、氢溴酸右美沙芬代谢的影响，以反映泰妙菌素对人CYP3A4、CYP1A2、CYP2E1、CYP2D6酶活性的作用。试验分为3组：药物试验组、阳性对照组（不含NADPH）、阴性对照组（不含CYP450抑制剂），孵育体系为100 μL，孵育试验在96孔板中进行。终止反应后使用高效液相色谱串联质谱仪（LC-MS/MS），以内标法检测96孔板中孵育液的剩余探针底物浓度。根据药物试验组与阴性对照组的探针药物代谢浓度之比，计算药物试验组的探针药物代谢率。使用Graphpad Prism 6.0软件，以药物试验组相对代谢率为纵坐标，药物浓度对数值为横坐标作图，计算试验组药物IC50值。针对泰妙菌素与CYP3A4的孵育试验设置多个孵育时间点观察孵育时间对IC50值的影响。试验结果显示，酮康唑对CYP3A4的IC50值为0.044 μmol/L，α-萘黄酮对CYP1A2的IC50值为0.030 μmol/L、4-甲基吡唑对CYP2E1的IC50值为0.022 μmol/L、奎尼丁对CYP2D6的IC50值为0.096 μmol/L。泰妙菌素对CYP1A2及CYP2D6的IC50值均大于50 μmol/L，对CYP2E1的IC50值为0.045 μmol/L，对CYP3A4的IC50值为1.609 μmol/L。延长泰妙菌素与CYP3A4的孵育时间（10~50 min）后，泰妙菌素对CYP3A4的IC50值由1.609 μmol/L增加至 8.657 μmol/L。本研究中4种亚酶常用抑制剂的IC50值与参照值相近，表明所建立人肝微粒体体外孵育试验方法可靠。以IC50值为指标显示泰妙菌素对CYP1A2和CYP2D6无抑制作用，对CYP2E1和CYP3A4存在强抑制作用，泰妙菌素可能是CYP3A4的可逆性抑制剂。 相似文献
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Kawalek JC Howard KD Farrell DE Derr J Cope CV Jackson JD Myers MJ 《American journal of veterinary research》2003,64(9):1167-1175
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of oral administration of low doses of pentobarbital on cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms and CYP-mediated reactions in immature Beagles. ANIMALS: 42 immature (12-week-old) Beagles. PROCEDURE: Dogs were grouped and treated orally as follows for 8 weeks: low-dose pentobarbital (50 microg/d; 4 males, 4 females), mid-dose pentobarbital (150 microg/d; 4 males, 4 females), high-dose pentobarbital (500 microg/d; 4 males, 4 females), positive-pentobarbital control (10 mg/kg/d; 2 males, 2 females), positive-phenobarbital control (10 mg/kg/d; 2 males, 2 females), and negative control (saline 10.9% NaCl] solution; 5 males, 5 females). Serum biochemical and hematologic values were monitored. On necropsy examination, organ weights were determined, and histologic evaluation of tissue sections of liver, kidney, small intestine, testes, epididymis, and ovaries was performed. Hepatic and intestinal drug-metabolizing enzyme activities were measured, and relative amounts of CYP isoforms were determined by western blot analysis. RESULTS: The amount of a hepatic CYP2A-related isoform in dogs from the high-dose pentobarbital treatment group was twice that of dogs from the negative control group. CYP2C was not detectable in small intestinal mucosa of dogs from the negative control group; measurable amounts of CYP2C were found in dogs from the various (low-, mid-, and high-dose) pentobarbital treatment groups and from positive-pentobarbital and positive phenobarbital control groups. Several CYP-mediated reactions increased in a dose-dependent manner. The lowest calculated effective dose of pentobarbital ranged from 200 to 450 microg/d. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Several CYP isoforms and their associated reactions were induced in dogs by oral administration of low amounts of pentobarbital. 相似文献
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Effects of enrofloxacin on antioxidant system,microsomal enzymatic activity,and proteomics in porcine liver 
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下载免费PDF全文 Y. Li Y. Mou M. Thunders Y. Wu X. Ai X. Zhou J. Qiu 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2018,41(4):562-571
Enrofloxacin (EF ) is a widely used fluoroquinolone, usually regarded as a safe and effective treatment for bacterial infections. Adverse effects of EF have previously been demonstrated in some species, but so far there have been no studies looking specifically at the impact of EF on pigs. In this study, three different doses of EF (5, 25 and 125 mg kg bw?1) were administrated to Bama pigs. The results showed that lipid peroxidation of pig liver tissue occurred with all EF doses. The 125 mg kg dose of EF induced catalase (CAT ) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH ‐px) and increased CYP 450 content in pig liver microsomes. The activity of microsomal NADPH ‐cytochrome C reductase (NCCR ) was elevated at both the 25 and 125 mg kg doses of EF . Microsomal erythromycin N‐demethylase (ERND ) and aminopyrin N‐demethylase (AND ) were inhibited by high doses of EF , while aniline‐4‐hydroxylase (AH ) was unaffected. None of the EF treatments affected superoxide dismutase (SOD ) or cytochrome b5 content. Antioxidases and microsomal enzymes may work together to resist the adverse effects of EF . Proteomic analysis revealed increased protein expression of carboxylesterase (CES ) and alpha‐enolase (ENO 1) in microsomes as a stress response to EF . These results provide new information about the adverse effect of fluoroquinolones and help guide their usage more effectively in the clinic or animal breeding. 相似文献
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L. K. Maxwell 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2016,14(2):161-169
Vinblastine is a vinca alkaloid used either as a single agent or in combination therapy for the treatment of canine mast cell tumours and lymphomas. The objective of this study was to determine which isoform of cytochrome P450 enzyme is responsible for the majority of vinblastine metabolism in dogs. A panel of eight recombinant canine cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP3A12, CYP3A26, CYP2B11, CYP2C41, CYP2C21 and CYP2D15) were incubated in vitro with vinblastine. Findings were confirmed by the use of canine polyclonal antibodies of cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP1A1, CYP3A12, CYP2B11 and CYP2C21) that were pre‐incubated with individual and pooled hepatic microsomes that were purified from canine liver. Substrate depletion was observed in the presence of recombinant CYP3A12, whereas depletion did not substantially occur when microsomes were pre‐incubated with polyclonal antibodies against CYP3A12. These findings confirmed that CYP3A12 is the major cytochrome P450 isoform responsible for the metabolism of vinblastine in dogs. 相似文献
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Ling-Ling Zhang 《Research in veterinary science》2011,90(1):99-105
The inhibitory effects of fluoroquinolones on the enzyme activity, protein levels and mRNA expression of liver cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A and 3A were investigated in male broiler chicks. Enrofloxacin (20 mg/kg), sarafloxacin (8 mg/kg) and marbofloxacin (5.5 mg/kg) were administrated in drinking water for 7 consecutive days. A cocktail of the probe drugs caffeine and dapsone was used to determine CYP1A and 3A activity. Western blot analysis and real-time PCR were used to determine the effects on protein levels of CYP1A and 3A, and on CYP1A4, 1A5, 3A37 mRNA levels. Enrofloxacin increased the half-life of elimination for both caffeine and dapsone, and decreased expression of CYP1A and 3A protein. Marbofloxacin decreased the metabolism of caffeine and expression of CYP1A protein. However, no change in mRNA expression was observed for any treatment group. This suggested that high doses of enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin, but not sarafloxacin, inhibit CYP in chick liver raising the possibility of drug-drug interaction when using these compounds. 相似文献
18.
为了研究矢车菊素对肝细胞胆固醇代谢的影响,以人肝细胞系L02为研究对象,采用软脂酸建立肝细胞脂肪变性模型并通过不同浓度矢车菊素处理,采用ELISA检测细胞内胆固醇及胆汁酸浓度,RT—PCR和Westernblot检测胆固醇降解限速酶CYP7A11i3．RNA及蛋白表达水平。结果显示：与空白组相比,10g／L和30g／L软脂酸组L02细胞内胆固醇水平随软脂酸浓度增加而升高（P〈0．05）,而胆汁酸水平没有明显变化,此过程伴随cYP7A1蛋白表达上调（P〈0．05）。舍有30g／L软脂酸的模型细胞组内添加5mg／L以上矢车菊素可显著降低细胞内胆固醇水平并同时增加胆汁酸浓度（P〈0．05）,此过程伴随CYP7A1mRNA及蛋白的显著上调（P〈0．05）;当矢车菊素添加剂量为20mg／L时,与模型组相比CYP7A1蛋白极显著上调（P〈0．01）。结果提示,矢车菊素能够通过促进L02细胞CYP7A1蛋白表达,实现促进脂肪变性肝细胞胆固醇代谢的调节作用。 相似文献
19.
TM Hess JK Rexford DK Hansen M Harris N Schauermann T Ross TE Engle KG Allen CM Mulligan 《Journal of animal science》2012,90(9):3023-3031
The objective of this study was to examine the effects of different sources of dietary omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid supplementation on plasma, red blood cell, and skeletal muscle fatty acid compositions in horses. Twenty-one mares were blocked by age, BW, and BCS and assigned to 1 of 3 dietary treatments with 7 mares per treatment. Dietary treatments were: 1) control or no fatty acid supplement (CON), 2) 38 g of n-3 long chain, highly unsaturated fatty acid (LCHUFA) supplement/d provided by algae and fish oil (MARINE) containing alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and 3) 38 g of n-3 LCHUFA supplement/d provided by a flaxseed meal (FLAX) containing ALA. Each supplement was added to a basal diet consisting of hay and barley and was fed for 90 d. Blood samples and muscle middle gluteal biopsies were taken at d 0, 30, 60 and 90 of supplementation. Plasma, red blood cell and skeletal muscle fatty acid profiles were determined via gas chromatography. Plasma linoleic acid (LA) and ALA were at least 10 and 60% less (P < 0.01), respectively, in the MARINE compared with the FLAX and CON groups. Plasma EPA and DHA were only detected in the MARINE group, and EPA increased 40% (P < 0.001) from d 30 to 60, and DHA 19% (P < 0.01) from d 30 to 90. Red blood cell LA and ALA were not different among treatments. Red blood cell EPA and DHA were only detected in the MARINE group, where EPA increased 38% (P < 0.01) from d 30 to 60, and DHA increased 56% (P < 0.001) between d 30 and 90. Skeletal muscle LA was at least 17% less (P < 0.001) in the MARINE group compared with the other treatments. Skeletal muscle ALA was 15% less (P = 0.03) in the MARINE group compared with FLAX and CON groups. Skeletal muscle EPA was at least 25% greater (P < 0.001) in MARINE group compared with other treatments and increased (P < 0.001) by 71% from d 30 to 60. Skeletal muscle DHA was at least 57% greater (P < 0.001) in the MARINE group compared with other groups and increased (P < 0.001) by 40% between d 30 and 90. As far as the authors are aware, this is the first study to demonstrate that dietary fatty acid supplementation will affect muscle fatty acid composition in horses. Incorporation of n-3 LCHUFA into blood and muscle depends directly on dietary supply of specific fatty acids. 相似文献