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1.
马尾松无性系种子园半同胞子代变异分析和家系选择 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
以福建省漳平五一林场马尾松无性系种子园自由授粉子代半同胞家系为研究对象,分析其树高、胸径、材积、冠幅、通直度、高径比、冠径比、木材基本密度、管胞长度和宽度、管胞长宽比等性状,发现家系间除管胞长宽比性状差异显著,其余性状均达差异极显著,暗示着马尾松种子园半同胞家系间存在较为丰富的变异,具选育潜力。8年生林分内各性状的家系遗传力以树高性状为最高(0·691),其次是木材基本密度(0·640)。各性状间的相关性分析结果表明,生长量性状的改良可间接改善通直度,且生长量性状与木材基本密度存在显著正相关关系,木材基本密度与管胞长度和宽度不相关。采用10%入选率,发现5年生林分和8年生林分入选家系一致,材积遗传增益分别达19·74%和19·23%,且5年生林分和8年生林分生长量性状的遗传相关极显著,认为马尾松制浆造纸材短轮伐期的初选年龄可确定为5年生;根据性状遗传力的相对大小和典型相关分析的结果,认为马尾松家系选择可适当注重树高生长量指标。以树高和材积为选择指标,按照10%入选率,兼顾材性和种子园内无性系的开花结实情况,筛选出制浆造纸材短轮伐期优良家系12个。 相似文献
2.
对15年生火炬松半同胞家系的生长和材性性状测定表明:火炬松家系树高、胸径、材积、木材基本密度、纤维素含量、管胞长度与宽度等具有显著的差异;在家系水平上,木材基本密度、纤维素含量、管胞长度与宽度和材积生长相关不明显．遗传力测定表明:家系生长性状与材性性状平均遗传力均较高,达到中等程度以上．对树高生长、胸径生长、木材基本密度、纤维素含量、管胞长度与宽度等性状进行年度相关、早晚期选择研究表明:火炬松家系的生长相关主要由遗传决定;树高从第5年开始,胸径从第4年开始与以后各年的相关系效均在0．7以上,表明以此为最低年龄进行早期选择有较大的可靠性;木材基本密度10年生与其后各年龄级的相关系数值趋于稳定,术材密度最低选择年龄为10年;木材纤维素含量11年生与其后各年龄级的相关系效值趋于稳定,木材纤维素含量的最低选择年龄为11年． 相似文献
3.
以福建省华安县西陂林场的25年生来自省内不同产地的46个马尾松自由授粉家系试验林为试材,研究了达主伐年龄时马尾松生长、干形和木材基本密度的家系差异以及性状间的相关性,并依据不同培育目标选择优良家系。结果表明,马尾松生长、树干圆满度和木材基本密度皆存在显著的家系差异,其中生长和树干通直度变异相对较大,而树干圆满度和木材基本密度变异较小,变异系数在10%以下。生长和干形性状受到弱至中度的家系遗传控制,家系遗传力为0.23 0.46;木材密度受到的遗传控制相对较强,家系遗传力为0.46。性状遗传相关分析结果显示,选择速生种源可同时改良树干圆满度,但对树干通直度和木材基本密度影响不大。根据不同用材对材质材性要求,选出24个纸浆纤维材优良家系和6个锯材优良家系,平均木材干物质量和胸径生长皆为对照的1.16倍。 相似文献
4.
采用胸径木芯与伐倒木取样方法,对24年生长白落叶松优树子代测定林14个处理的生长性状、木芯材质性状、解析木材质性状及其制浆造纸特性进行了研究,结果表明:生长性状、木芯基本密度、木芯管胞性状均存在丰富的变异;家系间生长性状差异极显著;木芯基本密度、木芯管胞性状差异显著,家系遗传力在0.56 0.80之间;解析木基本密度、早材微纤丝角、管胞长度、早材壁腔比、木质素、阿拉伯糖含量、抗张强度、撕裂度等差异极显著,家系遗传力在0.64 0.86之间;晚材率、管胞长宽比、综纤维素含量等差异显著,家系遗传力在0.51 0.61,家系水平的材性改良潜力较大。生长性状与木芯管胞长度呈极显著正相关,与木芯基本密度、管胞长宽比相关不显著;木芯基本密度、管胞长度、管胞宽度以及管胞长宽比与解析木相应性状呈极显著正相关关系,且回归模型较为理想,可以利用胸径木芯各性状值预测其单株值,间接选择和评价纸浆材优良家系。通过生长性状、木芯基本密度和木芯管胞长宽比综合分析选出166、169为优良家系,根据解析木生长、材质以及纸张物理性状选出的优良家系与其结果一致。优良家系材积、木芯基本密度和木芯管胞长宽比的遗传增益(超过对照)分别为48.34%(38.80%)、14.01%(3.63%)和19.89%(6.42%)。 相似文献
5.
Kongshu Ji Jia Gong Zhangrong Wang Jinqing Qiu Yabin Chen Wenjiang Lin 《Frontiers of Forestry in China》2007,2(1):94-98
Based on the growth, wood property of the ortets, and rooting abilities of cuttings, 32 Pinus massoniana clones for pulp use were selected from forests of superior provenance, mixed families, and progeny test of seed orchard by
two-step selection. The average height and DBH growth of three-year-old clones were 28.6% and 16.7%, respectively, higher
than those from seedlings, and average gain of wood density reached 8.7%. Rooting rate of all these clones was over 80%, 28%
higher than the clones selected by a single step. A cutting orchard of 0.33 hm2 on the hillside was constructed to intensively produce cuttings according to the tests on construction methods, pruning,
and fertilization. A total of 50,000 grade I, 37,500 grade II, and 62,500 grade III cuttings were collected per hectare of
this cutting orchard each time, and were cut three times each year. With all the above techniques, 48 hm2 of clonal forests for pulp use of those clones had been planted in five places in Fujian Province. Container stecklings are
more likely to increase the planting survival rate.
__________
Translated from Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2004, 40(1): 64–69 [译自: 林业科学] 相似文献
6.
火炬松半同胞家系主要经济性状的遗传变异及选择 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
对1988年营造的火炬松36个半同胞家系测定林的研究结果表明：树高、胸径、材积、木材密度、纤维素含量、管胞长度和宽度等生长和木材性状在家系间有显著的差异，具有较高的遗传力。生长性状和木材性状在一定程度上受遗传因素所控制，树高、胸径、材积间呈正遗传相关关系，木材基本密度、纤维素含量、管胞长度、管胞宽度和材积生长相关关系不显著。据此，利用约束和无约束选择指数，根据纸浆材的要求，进行生长和材性联合选择，评选出82-51、82-89、82-22、82-32、82-5、84-6、82-64、85-32、83-19等9个家系为纸浆材优良家系。 相似文献
7.
8.
[目的]通过对思茅松自由授粉子代测试林的生长与形质性状遗传参数的估计,进行优良家系选择,为建立思茅松高世代种子园及培育优良无性系苗木提供种质资源。[方法]采用随机区组试验设计,在214个思茅松自由授粉家系子代测试林中选择胸径、地径、树高、枝下高、冠幅、通直度、树干圆满度、树冠圆满度、材积及地上生物量等生长与形质性状,利用线性混合模型进行遗传参数的估计,进行优良家系筛选。[结果]思茅松自由授粉子代测试林生长与形质性状的遗传参数在家系间差异极显著。各性状的家系遗传力较高,其中,地径的家系遗传力最大(1.105)。材积的预期遗传增益高于地上生物量,利用家系/家系内选择方法进行优良家系的筛选,材积的预期遗传增益为60.75%,入选家系为60个;地上生物量的预期遗传增益为44.22%,入选家系为66个。轮盘数、通直度和树干圆满度对材积和地上生物量都有显著影响。[结论]在早期选择中,形质性状的遗传变异对思茅松自由授粉优良家系的选择有重要参考作用,4年生思茅松自由授粉家系子代测试林中各性状存在着丰富的遗传变异,在早期选择中可以筛选出适合不同培育目标的优良家系,最大限度挖掘其遗传潜力。 相似文献
9.
Eight provenances of 19-year-oldPicea koraiensis Nakai from the provenance trials of Maoershan (45°20′N, 127°30′E), Liangshui (47°10′N, 128°53′E) and Jiagedaqi (50°24′N,
124°07′E) in Northeast China were investigated to analyze the genetic variation in growth characteristics (tree height and
diameter) and wood characteristics (tracheid length, tracheid diameter, tracheid wall thickness, annual ring width as well
as wood density). Great variation in height growth and breast height diameter growth was observed among the provenances, and
along with the increase of tree age, these provenances presented different geographic adaptability. The growth characteristics
ofPicea koraiensis stand at age of 10 in Maoershan and Liangshui provenance trials had a positive correlation with longitude, and with increase
of tree age to 15 and 19, the tree growth of the provenances displayed a significant positive correlation with latitude as
well as altitude. For wood characteristics, great variation was also found among the provenances. There exists a close relation
between growth characteristics and wood properties of the provenance. The height and breast height diameter growth of the
provenance had a positive correlation with tracheid diameter and annual ring width, and a negative correlation with tracheid
wall thickness and wood density. Genetic performance of the provenance in all above characteristics was also investigated
in order to provide more useful information for comprehensive selection of this species for pulpwood and plywood production.
Foundation item: The paper was supported by National Key Project of The State Forestry Administration. (96-011-01-06)
Biography: WANG Qiu-yu (1957-), female, professor in College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R.
China.
Responsible editor: Song Funan 相似文献
10.
以福建省白砂国有林场的马尾松实生种子园自由授粉子代测定林为材料,分析了5、6年生家系生长量(树高、胸径及材积)及形质指标(通直度、冠幅及侧枝粗度)的遗传变异规律,估算了各性状的遗传力。结果表明,材积、胸径、树高生长性状及冠幅、通直度、侧枝粗度等形质指标在家系间和家系内均存在显著的遗传差异,且家系内变异大于家系间。家系、单株遗传力分别在0.493 0.731、0.080 0.199之间。利用最佳线性预测的单性状(材积)及多性状联合(材积、冠幅、侧枝粗度及通直度)估算了6年生家系育种值。分析了材积单性状选择方式、多形状联合选择以及冠幅约束选择在不同入选率下亲本家系的预测及现实遗传增益(材积及通直度)的变化规律,结果表明,在等权重条件下,联合材积及通直度指标进行亲本家系选择是最佳选择方式,能够获得相对较高的遗传增益。 相似文献
11.
在福建省洋口国有林场,对来自安徽省南部黄山地区的53个枫香家系进行子代测定,研究家系的遗传变异规律,开展优良家系及单株选择.结果表明:子代试验林14年生时,树高、胸径和单株材积平均值分别为8.05m、6.30cm和0.014 93 m3,生长性状的家系遗传力为0.437～0.576,受中强度的遗传控制,单株遗传力为D.113～0.195,受较弱的遗传控制;木材材性的家系遗传力为0.507～ 0.591,单株遗传力为0.360～0.500,均受中强度的遗传控制.以生长量为主要指标,选出速生优良家系9个,其树高、胸径和单株材积平均值分别为8.85 m、7.22 cm和0.021 49 m3,遗传增益分别为2.86％、5.47％和13.4％;从木材基本密度大于0.500 g·m-3的家系中选出7个生长材性兼优家系,树高、胸径、单株材积和木材基本密度的平均值分别为8.34m、6.79 cm、0.018 58 m3和0.518 g·m-3.所选出的速生优良家系和生长材性兼优家系可作为枫香育种材料在生产上推广应用. 相似文献
12.
Tran Ho Quang Nguyen Duc Kien Sara von Arnold Gunnar Jansson Ha Huy Thinh David Clapham 《New Forests》2010,39(3):301-312
Lignin and cellulose contents and wood basic density were related to diameter at breast height (DBH) in six fast-growing and
five slow-growing families from a combined progeny test and seedling seed orchard of Eucalyptus urophylla grown for 10 years in northern Vietnam. The mean cellulose content of the fast-growing families was significantly higher
than that of the slow growing-families (40.0 and 37.1%, respectively), and for individual trees cellulose content was significantly
correlated phenotypically with DBH. Wood basic density was significantly lower in the fast-growing group than in the slow-growing
group (0.506 and 0.535 g cm−3, respectively), and was significantly negatively correlated phenotypically with DBH. The lignin contents were not significantly
different between groups. Cellulose content and wood basic density were not correlated. The main conclusion is that there
is no obstacle to combining high growth rate with high cellulose content, for plantation of forests intended mainly for pulpwood. 相似文献
13.
[目的]评估Resistograph钻刺法间接测定尾叶桉×细叶桉木材密度的可靠性,检测杂交亲本对子代表型的效应以及生长与木材密度的相关,评选速生、优质的尾细桉杂种。[方法]基于10株尾叶桉与10株细叶桉不完全析因交配产生的56个杂交组合的7.5年生试验林,利用79株分析容积法与Resistograph钻刺法测定的木材密度的相关,通过方差分析检测亲本对杂种生长和木材密度的效应,结合多重比较和独立淘汰法进行材积和木材密度的联合选择。[结果]容积法与Resistograph钻刺法测定的木材密度的表型相关系数为0.52(P0.001),遗传相关系数为0.55(P0.05);树高、胸径及材积的母本间和父本间均呈极显著差异(P0.001或0.01),但母本×父本互作的效应不显著;对钻刺木材密度,父本间呈极显著差异(P0.001),母本×父本互作显著(P0.05),但母本间差异不显著;树高、胸径和材积间的表型相关和遗传相关均极显著(P0.001),其与钻刺木材密度的表型相关极显著(P0.001),但遗传相关不显著;评选出速生、木材密度较高的杂交组合14个、单株17株。[结论]Resistograph钻刺法是一种间接测定尾细桉木材密度的简便、经济和可靠的方法;母本和父本选择以及母本与父本的组配对培育速生、材质优良的尾细桉杂种均较重要;尾细桉生长与木材密度的遗传相关不显著,需要对这两类性状分别进行选择;评选的尾细桉杂交组合和单株为培育速生、优质的桉树良种提供了有用的材料。 相似文献
14.
马尾松工业用材优良家系选择的研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
对设在福建三明和仙游 2个试验点 1 0 5个 9a生的马尾松自由授粉子代试验林进行了调查研究。结果表明 ,不同家系在树高、胸径、材积生长性状上存在极显著差异 ,这些差异主要由遗传因素控制 ;在木材基本密度、木材化学组分、木材纤维形态、通直度、圆满度性状上也存在较大的差异。以单株木材干物质产量为主要指标 ,从三明点选出W0 0 2 5 1、W0 0 2 5 5等 9个建筑材优良家系 ,从仙游点选出W0 0 3 0 8、W0 0 2 98等 9个建筑材优良家系 ;以单株纤维素产量为主要指标 ,从三明点选出W0 0 2 49、W0 0 2 5 1等 1 0个纸浆材优良家系 ,从仙游点选出W0 0 3 0 7、W0 0 3 3 5等 1 0个纸浆材优良家系。上述入选的优良家系不但单株木材干物质产量或单株纤维素产量高 ,而且具有明显的生长优势 ,增产效果显著 ,可在生产上推广应用。 相似文献
15.
Realized genetic gains brought by the first-generation tree improvement of Acacia mangium were evaluated by analyzing the 1-year growth performance of growth (height, dbh) and form (stem straightness, multi-stem) traits using data collected from three second-generation orchards: groups B, C, and D. Each orchard was composed of improved families derived from open-pollinated seed of plus trees selected from the first-generation seed orchards and newly added unimproved families collected from the same geographic region. The number of improved families and that of the unimproved in each orchard were 31 and 23 for group B, 28 and 39 for group C, and 24 and 30 for group D. Gains were calculated as percentage increase of improved families over unimproved ones. Improved families performed better than unimproved ones in 11 out of 12 comparison cases: four traits each in the three orchards. Averages of the realized genetic gain across the three seedling seed orchards were 3.1%, 5.2%, 4.3%, and 0.5% for height, dbh, stem straightness, and multi-stem, respectively. Except for multi-stem, the performances of improved families were significantly better than those of unimproved families in all the three orchards for dbh and in two out of three orchards for height and stem straightness. 相似文献
16.
对红锥(Castanopsis hystrix) 1.5代改良种子园42个无性系共951个单株的生长和形质性状进行调查和变异规律研究.结果表明,8个性状的变异系数为25％～47％,平均变异系数为32.6％.无性系间在生长和形质性状上的差异达显著和极显著水平(P＜0.05),无性系间的方差分量为0.04～13.15.树高、胸径、冠幅、分枝角度、分枝数和分枝粗细的重复力介于0.23～0.34之间,表明它们在单株水平上受到中等水平的遗传控制.生长和形质性状相关分析表明,除通直度与冠幅、分枝数相关系数以及分枝粗细与分枝角度相关系数较低外,各性状间存在着不同程度的相关性.采用遗传值综合评分法筛选出6个优良无性系:28、3、4、23、33和22,这6个优良无性系的胸径比42个无性系总体平均值高出24.11％. 相似文献
17.
日本落叶松纸浆材优良家系多性状联合选择 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15
以12年生日本落叶松自由授粉家系子代测定林为研究对象,对生长、干形和材性性状进行相关分析、通径分析及间接选择研究,利用综合选择指数法开展了日本落叶松纸浆材优良家系选择,并为湖北等亚热带高海拔山区筛选出一批生长、干形和材性兼优的家系,最后提出了日本落叶松纸浆材选育指标及优良家系利用途径。研究表明:生长性状与纤维长度之间存在显著正相关关系,与壁腔比之间存在显著负相关关系,与木材密度、1%NaOH抽出物、综纤维素含量间相关不显著;木材密度与主枝长之间,纤维长度与主枝长、主枝粗和新枝粗之间,晚材壁腔比与主枝粗、主枝长、皮厚、冠幅、新枝数之间,1%NaOH抽出物与主枝长之间存在显著正相关关系。各控制性状对单木材积直接作用的大小依次为:胸径、树高、主枝长、壁腔比、主枝粗、皮厚、冠幅、晚材纤维长和早材纤维长,其中胸径和树高2个性状对单株材积性状的直接作用占材积总变异的63%,虽然冠幅、壁腔比等性状对单木材积的直接控制作用很小,但这些性状通过胸径对单木材积具有很大的间接遗传控制作用,由这9个性状组成的控制系统可以说明单木材积变异的98.66%。 相似文献
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《湖北林业科技》2012,(6)
1991～1992年从湖北省马尾松主要分布区选出116株优良单株,1994年建立了相应的半同胞子代测定林。2011年对子代测定林生长性状、通直度、树皮厚度指数、弹性模量等进行了调查和分析。结果表明:树高、胸径、材积和弹性模量等4个性状在家系间都存在极显著的差异,也表明各优树之间存在广泛变异。树高、胸径和材积的家系遗传力分别为0.689、0.729和0.791,均大于单株遗传力,表明:各家系的主要生长性状受到较强的遗传控制,对参试家系进行选择,能取得比较理想的结果。弹性模量家系遗传力为0.507,属于中等程度的遗传,而树皮厚度指数这一指标家系遗传力较低。按照大于整体平均值加1倍标准差进行选择,树高、胸径、材积和弹性模量4个性状分别有14、14、15和14个家系入选,遗传增益分别为6.4%、11.1%、28.1%和6.6%。 相似文献
20.
To improve wood quality for pulpwood industries, it is important to examine not only wood density but also its components, especially tracheid characteristics. We studied genetic variations in the following tracheid traits by earlywood (EW) and latewood (LW): tracheid length (TL), double wall thickness (WT), radial lumen diameter (R_D1), tangential lumen diameter (T_D1), radial central diameter (R_D2), and tangential central diameter (T_D2). We also studied the relationship with the following growth traits: diameter at breast height (DBH), height (H), crown breadth south-north axis (NSC), crown breadth east–west axis (EWC), ring width (RW), latewood percentage (LWP), and wood density (WD). All sample materials were collected from a 33-year old clonal seed orchard of Pinus tabuliformis Carr. Genetic variation among clones was moderate for all tracheid traits, 9.49–26.03%. Clones significantly affected WT, R_D1, R_D2, T_D1, T_D2, and the two ratios WT/R_D1 and TL/T_D2 in EW but had no effects in LW. Clones significantly affected TL in LW but had no effects in EW. \( H\frac{2}{C} \) was higher in LW (0.50) than in EW (0.20) for TL, while \( H\frac{2}{C} \) was higher in EW (0.27–0.46) for other tracheid traits and the two ratios (TL/T_D2 and WT/R_D1) than in EW (0.06–0.22). WD and TL were significantly positively correlated, but WT and TL were negatively correlated both at individual and clone levels; all tracheid diameters and the four ratio values (EW_WT/R_D1, LW_WT/R_D1, EW_TL/T_D2 and LW_TL/T_D2), were strongly positively correlated with DBH, H, NSC, WEC and RW, and strongly negatively correlated with WD both at individual and clone levels. The most important variables for predicting WD were LW_TL, EW_WT and R_D1 in both EW and LW (r2 = 0.22). Selecting the top 10% of the clones by DBH would improve DBH growth by 12.19% (wood density was reduced by 0.14%) and produced similar responses between EW and LW for all tracheid traits: a reduction of 0.94 and 3.69% in tracheid length and increases in tracheid diameters (from 0.36 to 5.24%) and double wall thickness (0.07 and 0.87%). The two ratios WT/R_D1 and TL/T_D2 across tissues (EW and LW) declined 0.59 and 4.56%, respectively. The decreased tracheid length and the ratio between tracheid length and diameter is disadvantageous for pulp production. The unfavorable relationship of tracheid traits with wood density indicate that multiple trait selection using optimal economic weights and optimal breeding strategies are recommended for the current long-term breeding program for P. tabuliformis. 相似文献