共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
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Paulo de Mello Tavares Lima Pedro Batelli Oliveira Aline Campeche Guilherme Dias Moreira Tiago do Prado Paim Concepta McManus Adibe Luiz Abdalla Angela Maria Morais Dantas Jurandir Rodrigues de Souza Helder Louvandini 《Tropical animal health and production》2014,46(1):285-288
The aim of this study was to evaluate the methane (CH4) emission of Santa Inês sheep fed cottonseed by-products, verifying if the gossypol content of these feedstuffs affects CH4 emission. Twelve late-lactating Santa Inês sheep (44.8?±?7.5 kg body weight (BW)) were allocated in metabolic cages for an experimental period of 19 days, 14 days for adaptation and 5 days for measuring CH4 emission and dry matter intake (DMI). The animals were divided into four treatments, established in accordance with the cottonseed by-product used in concentrate formulation: Control (CON - no cottonseed by-product), Whole cottonseed (WCS), Cottonseed cake (CSC), and Cottonseed meal (CSM). The free gossypol level of the concentrates were 0, 1,276, 350, and 190 ppm for CON, WCS, CSC, and CSM, respectively. Also, the animals received Cynodon dactylon cv. Coast Cross hay, water, and mineral salt ad libitum. The ether extract content of the diets was balanced between treatments by including soybean oil in concentrates. The technique used to measure the CH4 emission was the sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) tracer technique, and the gas samples collected were quantified by analysis in gas chromatography system. The CH4 emission was evaluated considering the daily emission (g CH4/day); DMI (g CH4/kg DMI); and BW (g CH4/kg BW). No statistical difference was found (P?>?0.05) between treatments for DMI and CH4 parameters. In the regression analysis, no significant relation (P?>?0.05) between gossypol content and CH4 emission was observed. These results suggest that gossypol does not affect rumen methanogenesis. 相似文献
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M. Van Kampen 《British poultry science》1981,22(1):17-23
1. The quantities of water gained and lost, and hence the total water balance, were determined in normal and colostomised White Leghorn laying hens at ambient temperatures of 5, 20 and 35 °G.
2. In both groups the water intake and water loss at all temperatures were well balanced.
3. Water to food ratios and water content of excreta of normal hens increased with increasing temperature.
4. The wetter excreta at 35 °C are caused by an increased urine production and not by an increased water passage through the alimentary tract. 相似文献
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S. Alasaad D. Soglia V. Spalenza S. Maione R.C. Soriguer J.M. Pérez R. Rasero M.P. Ryser Degiorgis H. Nimmervoll X.Q. Zhu L. Rossi 《Veterinary parasitology》2009
The present study examined the relationship among individual Sarcoptes scabiei mites from 13 wild mammalian populations belonging to nine species in four European countries using the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS-2) of nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) as genetic marker. The ITS-2 plus primer flanking 5.8S and 28S rDNA (ITS-2+) was amplified from individual mites by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the amplicons were sequenced directly. A total of 148 ITS-2+ sequences of 404 bp in length were obtained and 67 variable sites were identified (16.59%). UPGMA analyses did not show any geographical or host-specific clustering, and a similar outcome was obtained using population pairwise Fst statistics. These results demonstrated that ITS-2 rDNA does not appear to be suitable for examining genetic diversity among mite populations. 相似文献
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Ebrahimi M Rajion MA Goh YM Sazili AQ 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2012,96(6):962-969
The effects of different inclusion levels of oil palm fronds (OPF) on the fatty acid profile of the longissimus dorsi (LD), biceps femoris (BF) and infraspinatus (IS) muscle of goats fed for 100 days are described. Twenty‐four individually housed Kacang crossbred male goats (averaged 21.7 ± 0.97 kg BW) were allocated to three groups receiving either a 100% concentrate control diet (CON), diet with 25% inclusion level of OPF (HAF) or a diet with 50% inclusion of OPF. The diets were adjusted to be isocaloric and isonitrogenous and fed at 3.0% of BW daily. Samples of LD, BF and IS muscles were taken at slaughter for the determination of fatty acid profiles. The total saturated fatty acids (SFA) in the LD and BF muscles of the OPF group were significantly (p < 0.05) lower than the CON group. For all muscles, C18:3n‐3 and total n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the OPF group than the CON group with minimal impact on the C18:2n‐6 and total n‐6PUFA. Consequently, the n‐6:n‐3 ratio significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in the OPF group compared to the CON group. The LD muscle had a significantly higher conjugated linoleic acid 18:2 c19t11 compared to other muscles. There were no interactions between muscle x diet except for total SFA. It is concluded that OPF at 25–50% inclusion levels may decrease the SFA and increase the n‐3PUFA content in chevon, with no apparent adverse effects on the growth performance of the animals, can be used as a feed ingredient to support goat farming in countries that lack grazing pasture. 相似文献
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Shahzad Muhammad Aasif Tauqir Nasir A. Ahmad Fayyaz Nisa Mahr U. Sarwar Muhammad Tipu Murtaza A. 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(4):899-899
Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Ferrari L. De Angelis E. Martelli P. Borghetti P. 《Veterinary research communications》2010,34(1):63-67
Flow cytometry is a useful tool to determine both the phenotype and function of immune cells during vaccination and viral infection. Since cytokine release is a hallmark of cell activation, detection of intracellular interferon (IFN)γ in cytotoxic CD8α+ cells under physiological conditions and after Aujeszky’s Disease Virus (ADV)- or Porcine Circovirus type 2 (PCV2)-swine interaction was carried out. Blood samples were collected from healthy 10-month-old pigs, ADV- or PCV2-vaccinated pigs, and PCV2-infected pigs; the levels of total IFNγ+ and CD8α+IFNγ+ cells were evaluated after PMA-ionomycin and virus-specific in vitro stimulation. High CD8α+IFNγ+ cell levels were detected in adult pigs, whereas lower virus-specific cell fractions were observed after ADV or PCV2 vaccination as well as after PCV2 natural infection due to restricted activation. Such results support the use of cytokine intracellular staining to monitor virus-specific cell-mediated immunity. 相似文献
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1. A study was undertaken into the storage of turkey semen in vitro for 24 h.
2. Turkey semen storage for 24 h at 10 °C was not noticeably improved by using a buffered diluent compared with an unbuffered (pH 7.3) diluent. This is different from the case of the fowl and probably reflects differences in the metabolism of spermatozoa between the species.
3. Adverse effects on the fertilising ability of turkey spermatozoa were observed with diluents buffered around pH 7.4 and 5.8 when compared with the use of diluent either buffered at pH 7.1 or unbuffered. 相似文献
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Guija de Arespacochaga A Hittmair KM Schwendenwein I 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2006,53(3):119-122
A clinical diagnosis of acute pancreatitis is often difficult to obtain. Histopathology remains the gold standard, whereas clinical signs, diagnostic imaging and laboratory testing, even in combination, may be insufficient. In a prospective study, lipase activity in ascitic fluid of various aetiologies was determined in 44 dogs in order to investigate its performance in cases of acute pancreatitis. Data of simultaneously determined blood lipase activities were available in 27 dogs. Lipase activity was measured by a colorimetric assay. A complete peritoneal fluid analysis was performed. Dogs were divided into four groups, according to their final diagnosis: acute pancreatitis (A), abdominal trauma (B), abdominal neoplasia (C) and others (hepatic or cardiac diseases) (D). Dogs with acute pancreatitis had a significantly higher peritoneal lipase activity than those in other groups (P < or = 0.024), while no significant difference was found between the other groups (P > or = 0.734). Blood lipase activity as well as protein content and total cell count of the ascitic fluid did not show any significant difference between groups. Data show that determination of lipase activity in dogs that develop ascites may be useful in complementing the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. 相似文献
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Shahzad MA Tauqir NA Ahmad F Nisa MU Sarwar M Tipu MA Tipu MA 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(3):685-694
The study investigated the performance response of different dietary protein and energy levels of Nili-Ravi buffalo calves. Sixty buffalo calves of 12–15 months of age and similar body weight (140 ± 14 kg) were divided in to 12 groups,
five animals in each group, according to 4 × 3 factorial arrangements. Twelve rations were formulated containing four levels
of crude protein (CP; 10.5%, 12.20%, 13.80%, and 15.55%) each with three levels (1.72, 2.11, and 2.5 Mcal/Kg) of metabolizable
energy (ME). Experiment lasted for 100 days; first 10 days were given for dietary adaptation. Daily feed consumption in calves
fed all experimental diets were statistically significant (p < 0.05) across all treatments. Higher feed intake was observed in buffalo calves fed diets containing 12.20% and 13.85% CP
with 2.11 Mcal/kg ME. Results of dry matter (DM) digestion were significantly different (p < 0.05) across all treatments. There was a quadratic (p < 0.05) response of DM digestibility for levels of dietary protein while, curvilinear (p < 0.05) trend with respect to dietary energy levels. Daily weight gain of buffalo calves did not show any treatment effect.
The outcome of the present study indicate that 12–15-month-old buffalo calves perform adequately well when fed on diets containing
12.2% CP and 2.10 ME Mcal/Kg. 相似文献
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In this review of the literature, mastitis-causing coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) and Staphylococcus aureus are compared. Staphylococci are the bacteria most commonly isolated from bovine mastitis, and CNS are now predominant over S. aureus in most countries. CNS include various species, but only a few prevail in bovine mastitis. S. aureus can cause clinical mastitis, but often causes subclinical mastitis, which remains persistent and increases milk somatic cell count. CNS, traditionally regarded as minor pathogens, seem to lack the ability to cause severe mastitis. CNS can, however, persist in the mammary gland and moderately increase milk somatic cell count. Resistance to various antimicrobials is more common in CNS than in S. aureus, but CNS mastitis responds much better to antimicrobial treatment than S. aureus mastitis. 相似文献
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The local expression of WC1+ γδ T lymphocytes subset has been evaluated by immunohistochemical methods at the different types of lesions present in cows naturally infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) and in non-infected control animals. Infected cattle were either in the latent/subclinical (focal lesions) or clinical (diffuse paucibacillary and multibacillary forms) stage of paratuberculosis. To assess the cell distribution, a differential cell count was carried out at the lamina propria, gut-associated lymphoid tissue and submucosa. A significant increase in the number of WC1+ γδ T cells was observed in all the infected animals, regardless of the type of lesion. Cows with focal lesions showed higher number of labeled cells than those with diffuse forms, where no differences were found between the two types. This increase in the number of positively immunolabelled lymphocytes in infected animals was seen in the lamina propria, with higher values in those with focal lesions. While in the lymphoid tissue no differences in the numbers were observed, in animals with focal lesions, WC1+ γδ T cells tended to be located at the periphery of the granulomas. These findings suggest a proinflammatory action of WC1+ γδ T lymphocytes in bovine paratuberculosis, which might play an important role in the containment of the Map-infection in the focal granulomas located in the lymphoid tissue, helping to prevent the progression toward diffuse forms responsible for the clinical signs. 相似文献
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Cauda epididymal spermatozoa were obtained from testicles collected from abattoir(s). The pooled sperm samples were divided into four aliquots. Each aliquot was washed separately with the buffer of respective extender and finally extended with the four extenders viz. egg yolk–citrate (EYC), egg yolk–citrate–fructose (EYCF), Tris–citric acid–egg yolk–fructose (TCEYF) and egg yolk–Mcillvaine glucose (EYMG) and preserved at 4°C. The per cent sperm motility for EYC, EYCF, TCEYF and EYMG at 0 h was 50.83%, 56.67%, 75.00% and 31.67%, respectively, and at 72 h was 24.17% (EYC), 30.83% (EYCF), 51.67% (TCEYF) and 7.50% (EYMG). The corresponding figures for live sperm count at 0 h was 83.17%, 86.33%, 90.42% and 81.75% and at 72 h was 64.75%, 73.92%, 76.00% and 57.67%. The corresponding figures for mean per cent intact acrosome at 0 h was 95.33%, 95.50%, 90.92% and 97.25% and at 72 h was 86.17%, 83.92%, 77.58% and 86.33%. The sperm motility was significantly (p < 0.05) higher for TCEYF at different h of preservation from 0 h through 72 h. The sperm motility, live sperm count and per cent intact acrosome declined significantly (p < 0.05) with the advancement of storage time in all the four extenders. Our study concluded that TCEYF was best out of the extenders studied for preservation of cauda epididymal spermatozoa after double centrifugation and extension at 4°C up to 72 h of preservation. However, EYCF also has better potential for the preservation of cauda epididymal spermatozoa as viability was in close proximity and acrosomal integrity was higher compared with TCEYF extender. 相似文献
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In this research, a hydroponics experiment was conducted to apply different concentrations of cadmium (Cd) (0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200 μmol·L-1) to maize seedlings with two leaves and one new leaf, in order to explore the effects of the different Cd concentrations on the maize seedling growth, Cd absorption kinetics and root morphology and classification. After 5 days of Cd stress, the maize seedings were sampled, the plant height, main root length, aboveground and underground biomass, root architecture, Cd content and photosynthesis and related parameters were measured. It was found that with increasing Cd stress, the plant height, main root length, biomass and tolerance index of shoots and roots, total root length, root surface area, root volume, root forks and root tips all decreased significantly; Root average diameter and root:shoot increased significantly (P<0.05). Meanwhile root parameters (root length, root surface area and root volume) of root diameter classes designated Ⅰ-Ⅲ (0-1.5 mm) showed a decreasing trend, which had a significant (P<0.05) negative correlation with root Cd concentration. The proportion of root length, root surface area and root volume with diameter between 0-0.5 mm showed a downward trend under Cd stress. Under Cd stress, Cd concentration and accumulation in underground and aboveground parts of maize seedlings increased significantly, chlorophyll content decreased, and photosynthesis was inhibited. This study has shown that Cd affected root development mainly by inhibiting the growth and morphology of fine roots, and inhibited photosynthesis, elongation and biomass accumulation of the aboveground and underground parts of the maize seedings. © 2022, Editorial Office of Acta Prataculturae Sinica. All rights reserved. 相似文献
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1. Light hybrid hens between 32 and 68 weeks of age kept 4, 5 or 8 birds to the cage received one of three energy intakes, from a medium‐ or low‐energy diet.
2. Ad libitum fed birds laid more and heavier eggs than any of those restricted. A decrease in daily egg output of about 5 g was associated with each 100 kJ decrease in daily intake of metabolisable energy.
3. For the same energy intake, egg output of birds fed on the low‐energy diet was markedly greater than that associated with the medium‐energy diet.
4. The mortality of birds receiving restricted quantities of the medium‐energy diet was two to three times greater than that associated with similar rationing of the low‐energy diet. 相似文献
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Bajcsy AC Kindahl H Szenci O van der Weijden GC Bartyik J Taverne MA 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2012,47(2):208-212
Various parenteral treatment forms of oxytocin, as often used under praxis circumstances, may act differently on contractility of the uterus during the first days of the puerperium. Various patterns of such induced uterotonic responses may lead to alterations in the emptying characteristics of the uterine lumen, thus influencing, as a late consequence, the process of involution. Therefore, this study was designed to test whether two different parenteral administration forms of oxytocin induce changes in peripheral plasma concentrations of 15-ketodihydro-prostaglandin F(2α) (PGF(2α) metabolite) in early post-partum cows. Between 13 and 15 h after uncomplicated calving, healthy dairy cows without retained foetal membranes were treated with 50 IU oxytocin, either intramuscularly (OT-IM group; n = 15) or intravenously (OT-IV group; n = 16). Saline solution was administered intramuscularly as controls (CON group; n = 15). Jugular blood samples were taken at 10-min intervals from 1 h before to 2 h after treatment. Plasma PGF(2α) metabolite levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. No significant differences in peripheral plasma PGF(2α) metabolite concentrations occurred in the OT-IM and CON groups, but mean values significantly increased in the OT-IV group, peaking at 20 min after treatment and reaching pre-treatment baseline values again at 120 min. Although the source of prostaglandins was not investigated in this study, our results suggest that exogenous oxytocin may enhance secretion of prostaglandins by the uterus during the first day after normal calving. These prostaglandins might contribute, by an endocrine or paracrine route, to the stimulation of myometrial contractility when exogenous oxytocin is given during this early post-partum stage. 相似文献