共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
西北干旱区文冠果不同繁育技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了探寻适宜西北干旱区的文冠果繁殖方法与技术,以甘肃选择出的文冠果优良单株为繁殖材料,于2014—2016年对文冠果主要的苗木繁殖方法(播种繁殖、根插繁殖、嫁接繁殖)进行了对比试验研究。结果表明:1)根插繁殖的成活率最高,平均出苗率75.33%;其次是播种繁殖,达50%;嫁接繁殖成活率较差,为27.40%。说明根插和种子繁殖适宜文冠果大规模育苗;2)覆膜播种和大田直播的平均出苗率相差不大,分别为51.31%和51.10%。说明文冠果也可直接大田播种;3)覆膜播种和大田直播均存在出苗不整齐的现象;4)由于砧木质量和低温的影响,嫁接成活率较低。研究认为,在西北干旱、缺水和风大的环境条件下,文冠果最好覆膜播种,播前种子最好进行催芽处理;嫁接最好低位培土嫁接或套袋嫁接。 相似文献
2.
本文对小叶白蜡(Fraxinus bungeana)播种育苗的播种时间、播种方式与覆盖方式3个较为重要的因素进行组合试验,以出苗率、苗高、地径作为调查指标,进行比较分析。得出了小叶白蜡播种育苗的最佳组合为春季土壤解冻后(4月15日)采用覆膜点播,用沙盖种的方式进行育苗,效果最佳。 相似文献
3.
白刺地膜覆盖播种育苗试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
探讨了地膜覆盖技术在白刺播种育苗中的应用.结果表明:白刺种子经3种物理处理和4种浓度的ABT处理后,覆膜对种子出苗率和出苗速率的影响均差异显著,覆膜比未覆膜平均出苗率和出苗速率分别提高了5.83％和33.99％.覆膜对白刺苗木的苗高、地径和侧根数的影响差异显著,对根长的影响差异不显著;覆膜比未覆膜平均苗高、地径、根长、侧根数分别增长了88.71％、86.61％、1.97％、138.93％.白刺播种育苗时,采用覆膜+种子混沙冷藏处理和覆膜+种子100mg/L浓度ABT处理方式播种,其出苗率和出苗速率较高,且苗木的苗高、地径和侧根数的增长显著. 相似文献
4.
为加快文冠果(Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge)良种繁育进程,进行播种育苗试验。采取沙藏、快速催芽和干藏3种方法处理种子,研究了不同处理方法和种子大小对种子发芽率、出苗率的影响、育苗地土质和播种深度对出苗率的影响,以及播种密度对文冠果生长的影响,结果表明:种子直径≥10mm且处理方法为沙藏的平均发芽率、出苗率最高,分别为90.33%、89.67%;沙藏种子育苗选择砂壤土地块且播种深度4~5cm的出苗率最高,达89.67%;文冠果育苗的合理密度为30cm×15cm和40cm×10cm。 相似文献
5.
为了提高我国北方干旱地区刺槐播种育苗效果,在播种育苗中设置了覆膜试验,比较覆膜后的种子出苗情况及苗木生长情况,结果表明:与未覆膜的刺槐处理相比,覆膜处理下的出苗率有所提高,达98.23%,比未覆膜的高19.3个百分点,差异达极显著水平;出苗时间比未覆膜提前2d;苗木的高、胸径及地径生长更旺盛,优质苗比例更高;越冬后覆膜处理的刺槐苗木抽干率比未覆膜的降低了25.33个百分点。 相似文献
6.
各地文冠果苗木的繁育多采用露地播种育苗,单位面积内出苗率低、生产周期长,对种子的消耗量大,成本投入高。在近几年文冠果苗木及种子供应紧张的情况下,我们借鉴本地葡萄容器育苗及棉花地膜覆盖滴灌种植技术 相似文献
7.
8.
研究了断胚根处理对生物质能源树种文冠果种子发芽成苗的影响。通过对不同时期的文冠果种子进行不同程度的断胚根处理,定量分析了文冠果种子断胚根的最佳处理时期,处理方法与再生根的数量、长度、根幅、直径,出苗率,苗高,冠幅的关系,解决了文冠果种子断胚根的关键技术指标和参数,并以此构成较为完备的文冠果育苗配套技术体系。结果表明:文冠果种子萌发期间,进行断胚根处理,可促进侧根增加,胚根长4cm,留根长2cm时,断胚根效果最显著;胚根斜切口处理的新生根数和根长优于平切口;断胚根处理后,文冠果当年生露地苗木的成活率比对照组提高14.16%,苗木平均高增加7.22cm。 相似文献
9.
10.
《防护林科技》2020,(4)
通过对沙枣进行扦插育苗和播种育苗试验,分析了2种育苗方法的效果,结果表明:沙枣扦插育苗苗木成活率65.0%,当年平均高生长量和地径生长量分别为58 cm和0.63 cm,第2年平均高生长量和地径生长量分别为104 cm和1.08 cm。春秋季种子育苗苗木出苗率分别为75.5%和93.5%,春季育苗当年平均高生长量和地径生长量分别为38 cm和0.37 cm,第2年平均高生长量和地径生长量分别为97 cm和0.86 cm;秋季播种1年生平均高生长量和地径生长量分别为40 cm和0.38 cm,第2年平均高生长量和地径生长量分别达到95 cm和0.87 cm。沙枣播种育苗出苗率高,单位面积载苗量大,经济效益高。 相似文献
11.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):427-435
In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads. 相似文献
12.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(3):206-217
The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage. 相似文献
13.
Contour hedgerows of multipurpose tree species in the sloping tea lands of Sri Lanka are expected to reduce soil erosion and
also add significant amounts of plant nutrients to the soil via periodic prunings. The objective of this experiment was to characterize the biomass decomposition pattern and quantify the
amount of nutrients added through prunings of six tree species (Calliandra calothyrsus, Senna spectabilis, Euphatorium innulifolium, Flemingia congesta, Gliricidia sepium and Tithonia diversifolia) currently being used in hedgerows associated with tea. Withered leaf and stem prunings (50 g) were enclosed in 2-mm litter
bags, placed at 5-cm depth and retrieved after one, three, six, nine and 12 weeks. Loss of initial dry weight, N, P and K
was measured. Single exponential decay function adequately described both dry weight and nutrient loss. Tree species differed
significantly in their rate of breakdown with decomposition constants (k) varying from 0.0299 to 0.2006 week−1 for leaves and from 0.0225 to 0.0633 week−1 for stems. Gliricidia showed the highest k for leaves with the rest in the following descending order: Senna > Tithonia ≥ Euphatorium > Calliandra > Flemingia. A similar pattern was observed for loss of all nutrients with Calliandra and Flemingia always having lower k values than the rest. Although N immobilization was not observed, immobilization of P and K was observed
during the first week of incubation in some species, particularly in stem prunings. Annual biomass of prunings differed significantly
between tree species in the following descending order: Calliandra > Senna > Flemingia > Tithonia > Gliricidia > Euphatorium. Calliandra added the greatest amount of nutrients annually to the soil with Euphatorium adding the least. Calliandra prunings provided the annual total K requirement and 49% of the N requirement of mature tea. However, none of the species
provided more than 5% of the P requirement. It is concluded that among the tree species tested, Calliandra and Flemingia are the most suitable for contour hedgerows in tea plantations of this agroclimatic region because of their higher soil nutrient
enrichment capacity and slower decomposition rates which would minimize leaching losses.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
14.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):118-130
The effects of seed weight and seed type on seedling growth of Pinus sylvestris (L.) were studied by seeding individually weighed orchard and stand seed in different mixtures under harsh (direct seeding in field) and optimal (seeding in nursery) conditions. In the nursery experiment an increase in the seed weight from 3 to 7 mg increased the seedling height by 10-27% and total weight by 27-113%, and decreased the height/diameter ratio by 5-6% after 2 yrs. With elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 2% taller than stand seedlings in year 2. Without elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 7-13% taller. In the field experiment an increase in the seed weight from 3 to 7 mg increased seedling height by 18-65%, stem volume by 81-274% and the number of top-buds by 23-34% in year 5. After elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 7-13% taller than stand seedlings and without elimination of seed weight effects 20-21% taller after 5 yrs. Even after elimination of both seed weight and genetic effects orchard seedlings were 3-9% larger than stand seedlings in the field experiment. In conclusion, the influence of seed weight and seed type on growth traits and slenderness is highly significant and the influence seems to be greater in harsh conditions. 相似文献
15.
《Wood material science & engineering》2013,8(2):76-84
Abstract Wood in general and wooden studs in particular are often distorted owing to uneven shrinkage during the drying process in the sawmill. Twist is often the most detrimental of all types of distortion, and it is caused by spiral grain in combination with variations in moisture content. For sawmills, the objective is to produce dried, straight boards, and one method of dealing with boards with excessive spiral grain is to sort them out and then dry them in a pretwisted position to obtain straight boards after drying. A model using the finite element (FE) method for the simulation of drying twist distortions was first calibrated against laboratory experiments in which boards were dried with and without restraints and pretwists. After the calibration, the FE results were compared with industrial test results for boards that were dried without restraints or with restraints with zero pretwist, i.e. straight restraints. The FE model used an elastic–ideally plastic material model to obtain permanent deformations. The calibration was to set the yield stresses so that there was a good match between FE results and results from the laboratory experiments. The comparison between the industrial test results and the FE results showed that the FE model is capable of realistic simulations of drying boards with and without restraints and presumably also pretwists. 相似文献
16.
Steven Maranz Amadou Niang Antoine Kalinganire Djeneba Konaté Bocary Kaya 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,72(3):231-239
Baobab leaves form an important part of the local diet in Sahel countries and elsewhere in Africa. Existing leaf nutritional
data and agroforestry performance information are based solely on Adansonia digitata L., the baobab of continental Africa. The introduction potential of Adansonia species from the center of diversity in Madagascar and from Australia remains untapped. To assess this potential, the mineral
contents and B1 and B2 vitamin levels of dried baobab leaves were determined for five-year old trees of A. digitata, A. gibbosa (A. Cunn.) Guymer ex D. Baum, A. rubrostipa Jum. & H. Perrier (syn. A. fony Baill.), A. perrieri Capuron and A. za Baill. grown in an introduction trial in Mali. Nutritional data were evaluated against survival and vigor to identify promising
germplasm. Leaf vitamin and crude protein contents were highest in the Madagascar species, especially A. rubrostipa (B1 88 mg 100 g−1, B2 187 mg 100 g−1, protein 20.7% dry weight). However, the local species far outperformed the introductions in survival, tree height, basal
diameter and resistance to termites. We suggest grafting as a way of harnessing the vigor of well-adapted local baobab varieties
to the superior nutritional profiles of A. rubrostipa and others. Cross-species grafting tests in Adansonia were successful, thus creating new agroforestry possibilities with different scion/rootstock combinations. 相似文献
17.
Astra Zaluma Lauma Bruna Darta Klavina Natalija Burnevica Kristine Kenigsvalde Andis Lazdins Talis Gaitnieks 《Forest Pathology》2019,49(6)
Heterobasidion parviporum and Heterobasidion annosum are widely distributed root‐rot fungi that infect conifers throughout Europe. Infection of conifer stumps by spores of these pathogens can be controlled by treating fresh stumps with a competing non‐pathogenic fungus, Phlebiopsis gigantea. In this study, growth of three Latvian strains of P. gigantea and the biological control agent ‘Rotstop’ strain was evaluated in stem pieces of Norway spruce, Scots pine, lodgepole pine, Douglas‐fir, Weymouth pine, Siberian larch and Sitka spruce. The growth rates of one H. parviporum and one H. annosum isolate were also measured in the same stem pieces. The growth rate of P. gigantea varied greatly in wood of different conifer species. It was higher in the three pine species, lower in Norway spruce and lowest in Sitka spruce and Siberian larch, and in Douglas‐fir, this fungus did not grow. The largest area of wood occupied by P. gigantea was in lodgepole pine. Growth of Latvian isolates of P. gigantea in the wood of Pinus and Picea species was comparable to that of the Rotstop isolate. Consequently, stump treatment with local P. gigantea isolates should be recommended. However, our results suggest that Douglas‐fir stump treatment against Heterobasidion by P. gigantea may be ineffective and other stump treatment methods should be considered. 相似文献
18.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):53-61
This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland. 相似文献
19.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):15-27
The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. 相似文献
20.
本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。 相似文献