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苦马豆素抗肿瘤作用研究进展 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
苦马豆素(SW)是引起动物疯草中毒的主要毒性成分,研究表明它能直接作用于肿瘤细胞,表现出明显的抗肿瘤作用;也能刺激淋巴细胞增殖,增强由抗原刺激的T淋巴细胞作用,激活自然抗肿瘤免疫系统;还能够迅速刺激机体内巨噬细胞,促使机体对肿瘤的免疫监视作用,促进骨髓增殖,从而增强机体免疫能力。作为人工抗原,苦马豆素还能诱导机体产生特异性抗体,避免动物因采食疯草而中毒。文章就苦马豆素的抗肿瘤作用进行综述并对其药用前景进行展望。 相似文献
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蜂胶对淋巴细胞调节作用的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
综述了蜂胶对特异性免疫系统影响的国内外研究进展,特别是蜂胶对抗体和淋巴因子分泌、淋巴细胞增殖和分化的调控.结果表明:蜂胶可促进抗体的产生,促进免疫低下的机体和接种疫苗或肿瘤细胞的机体淋巴细胞的增殖,增强机体免疫力;蜂胶能调节淋巴细胞分化和淋巴因子的产生,抑制淋巴细胞的增殖,与其抗炎特性相关. 相似文献
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蜂毒肽是蜂毒中主要的活性成分,具有广泛的抗肿瘤、抗炎症、镇痛、抗病毒等生理活性,极具潜在的临床药用价值.对蜂毒肽的抗肿瘤作用机制,主要包括对肿瘤细胞的直接杀伤效应,诱导肿瘤细胞发生损伤和凋亡,影响肿瘤细胞的生物学行为,改变肿瘤细胞生存环境和免疫调节作用等进行了综述,并简要分析了蜂毒肽在实际应用中所面临的挑战. 相似文献
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随着人类平均寿命的延长,恶性肿瘤已成为威胁人类生命健康最常见的疾病之一,抗肿瘤药物的研究已经成为国内外医学领域的研究热点。研究表明,植物多糖是潜在的新型抗肿瘤药物资源,因此,其抗肿瘤作用机制是目前该领域研究的重点。本文首先对几种植物多糖抗肿瘤活性相关研究进展作简要阐述,并列举出植物多糖常见的几种抗肿瘤机制,以期为抗肿瘤药物的开发以及恶性肿瘤的治疗提供新的理论依据。目前,对于恶性肿瘤的治疗主要依赖于化学药物。然而大部分抗肿瘤化学药物在杀死肿瘤细胞的同时,亦导致机体免疫力下降。因此,寻找并开发高效低毒的天然抗肿瘤药物具有重要意义。研究发现,植物多糖具有抗肿瘤、免疫调节等多种生物学活性且对人体毒副作用相对较小,灵芝多糖、黄芪多糖等已被成功应用于癌症的治疗。笔者就近年来几种常规植物多糖抗肿瘤作用及植物多糖抗肿瘤机制研究进展综述如下。 相似文献
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人参皂苷-Rh2抗肿瘤机理的研究进展 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
论述了从人参中提取的有效成分人参皂苷-Rh2（G-Rh2）的抗肿瘤机理的研究进展，并探讨了G-Rh2在调节肿瘤细胞信号通路系统、逆转肿瘤细胞的异常分化与耐药性、降低肿瘤细胞端粒酶活性、增强机体免疫力、提高抗肿瘤能力以及阻断肿瘤细胞某些重要成分的合成与代谢等方面的抗肿瘤活性及其作用机理。 相似文献
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目的研究番茄红素的体内抗肿瘤作用.方法通过S180肉瘤移植建立荷瘤小鼠模型,给予番茄红素后观察荷瘤小鼠肿瘤生长情况及对小鼠免疫系统和抗氧化酶功能的影响.结果番茄红素具有明显的抗肿瘤作用,可增强小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞增殖能力;提高自然杀伤细胞活性;明显提高CD4 和CD8 T细胞数量及其比值;可提高小鼠血清SOD、GSHPx活性,降低MDA含量.结论番茄红素明显的抑制肿瘤生长的作用,其作用可能与机体免疫系统功能的增强和抗氧化酶活力的提高有关. 相似文献
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Mitchell L Dow SW Slansky JE Biller BJ 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2012,145(3-4):597-603
Characterization of the tumor microenvironment, particularly the immune cells that infiltrate tumors, provides important predictive and prognostic information in humans with lymphoma and other types of cancer. Tumor associated T lymphocytes have not been previously described in dogs with lymphoma. Therefore, we investigated the phenotype and function of T cells in the lymph nodes of dogs with B cell Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), as well as the function of T cells in circulation of these dogs. We found that CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes were few in number and minimally responsive to mitogenic stimuli compared to T cells in lymph nodes of normal dogs. Additionally, regulatory T cells (Treg) were significantly increased in tumor tissues compared to lymph nodes of healthy dogs. To better understand cell mediated antitumor immune responses we developed a non-radioactive assay to measure cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) mediated killing of autologous tumor cells. Using this assay, we found that spontaneous CTL activity in the blood of dogs with lymphoma improved significantly following induction of tumor remission using doxorubicin. Coincident with the improvement in CTL activity, circulating Treg numbers were significantly decreased compared to pretreatment levels. We conclude from these studies that CTL activity in dogs with lymphoma can be significantly improved following induction of tumor remission using chemotherapy, as assessed using a new non-radioactive CTL assay. 相似文献
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溶瘤病毒疗法是利用病毒治疗恶性肿瘤的一种较有前景的新型生物疗法。溶瘤病毒不仅能直接特异性感染和溶解肿瘤细胞，也能刺激肿瘤部位的免疫反应来间接地溶解肿瘤组织细胞，且对正常组织细胞无杀伤或仅有较弱的杀伤作用，从而能达到理想的抗肿瘤效果。文章综述了溶瘤病毒的发展史及溶瘤病毒介导肿瘤消融术的机制，分析麻疹病毒、犬瘟热病毒、新城疫病毒、仙台病毒等8种病毒作为抗肿瘤药物在体外试验、异种移植肿瘤动物模型试验、肿瘤患犬治疗试验等不同阶段对各种犬肿瘤细胞的杀伤效果，提示溶瘤病毒疗法可能是一种安全可靠的恶性肿瘤治疗新方法，但真正将溶瘤病毒疗法应用在犬肿瘤临床治疗中时病毒肿瘤特异性、病毒使用剂量等问题仍需解决，本综述可为溶瘤病毒在犬肿瘤临床治疗中的安全使用提供新的思路和技术途径。 相似文献
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CD47属于免疫球蛋白家族成员之一,广泛存在于细胞膜表面,特别是在肿瘤细胞中高表达。肿瘤细胞表面的CD47可与巨噬细胞表面的抑制性免疫受体--信号调节蛋白α(SIRPα)相结合,形成CD47-SIRPα信号复合体,该复合体能抑制巨噬细胞对肿瘤细胞的吞噬,使肿瘤细胞逃避免疫监视,从而促进肿瘤的发展。目前免疫治疗主要是通过抗CD47抗体抑制CD47-SIRPα信号通路,激活先天性免疫反应和适应性免疫反应,提高巨噬细胞靶向杀伤肿瘤细胞的能力。CD47-SIRPα正逐渐成为肿瘤免疫治疗的新型有效免疫治疗靶标,论文对CD47-SIRPα阻断剂在实体癌和血液癌的研究现进行以综述,以期为实体癌和血液癌的研究提供参考。 相似文献
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Clark NM Berberov EM Wang M Moxley RA 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2006,114(1-2):185-191
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains that produce K88 (F4)+ fimbria are important causes of diarrhea and post-diarrheal septicemia in swine. ETEC O8:K87, a serotype represented by a number of these strains, is typically serum resistant. Strain-specific antibodies are known to activate alternative C pathway-mediated killing of other serum-resistant E. coli [Hill, A.W., Shears, A.L., Hibbitt, K.G., 1978. The requirement of specific antibody for the killing of E. coli by the alternate complement pathway in bovine serum. Immunology 34, 131-136], but their antigenic targets have not been determined. We tested the hypothesis that anti-K87 antibodies activate alternative pathway-mediated killing of ETEC O8:K87. Pigs were immunized with ETEC O8:K87 strain 2534-86 cells or purified K87 polysaccharide. Post-, but not pre-immunization sera killed 2534-86 cells, and absorption with 2534-86 cells or by K87 affinity chromatography eliminated bactericidal activity. Complementation of absorbed serum with anti-K87 antibodies restored bactericidal activity, confirming the ability of these antibodies to activate C-mediated serum killing. Serum from age-matched, non-vaccinated control pigs also killed 2534-86. This activity was eliminated by absorption with 2534-86 cells, but not K87 affinity chromatography, indicating that specific non-capsular antibodies are also able to activate C-mediated killing. In all cases, Mg-EGTA-treated serum was as effective as non-treated serum in killing, suggesting that bactericidal activity was mediated predominantly if not exclusively via the alternative C pathway. 相似文献
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Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) against mouse P815 cells were detected after stimulation of porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with irradiated Balb/c splenocytes. In vivo priming prior to in vitro stimulation slightly enhanced CTL activity, but lysis of targets was undetectable from lymphocytes from non-immune or immune animals that were not cultured with mouse splenocytes. After primary culture with Balb/c (H-2d) splenocytes, specific killing of P815 (H-2d) targets and not L929 (H-2k) targets indicated that recognition was specific for the H-2 locus. Similarly, CTL primed by mouse cells from either of two congenic strains recognized targets with alleles homologous to the stimulating cells. The anti-murine CTL was confirmed to be a CD8+ T cell based on studies using specific monoclonal antibodies to the porcine CD4 or CD8 cells. The cells responsible for the cytotoxicity of P815 targets lacked the characteristics of non-specific NK cells because (1) naive PBMC were unable to lyse NK targets (K562 cells) during the 4 h cytotoxic assay and (2) CTL killing of P815 targets increased with time after primary stimulation, whereas killing of K562 cells remained low at all times. These results suggest that porcine CTL can be readily generated against the xenogeneic mouse major histocompatibility complex. 相似文献
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自1975年从动物体内提取肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）以来，许多科学家从哺乳动物及禽类体内提取TNF并对其理化性质、生物学活性进行了不同程度的研究和探讨。而用鸡包涵体肝炎病毒诱生TNF与该病之间相关性及产生的消长规律的研究尚属空白。本研究应用鸡包涵体肝炎病毒（FAV-HA毒株）接种SPF雏鸡，在接种后的不同日龄采血，提取TNF，并对其免疫活性（对L929细胞的杀伤率）进行了检测，从而进一步研究其产生TNF的消长规律及与该病毒的相关性。研究结果表明，鸡包涵体肝炎病毒经口腔感染SPF雏鸡可刺激机体产生TNF，在感染的不同日龄鸡的TNF活性出现一定的消长规律。这进一步说明鸡包涵体肝炎(IBH)与TNF的产生及其活性具有密切的相关性。 相似文献
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端粒酶是一种依赖RNA的逆转录酶,能够延长染色体末端的端粒长度,端粒酶活化是细胞永生化和肿瘤形成的关键步骤,而端粒酶的活性表达与细胞凋亡基因密切相关。稀土元素具有一定的抗肿瘤潜能,能够抑制肿瘤生长、杀伤肿瘤细胞。该文对端粒酶与肿瘤关系以及稀土元素对肿瘤细胞凋亡作用及其对端粒酶影响进行了综述。 相似文献
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S S Graves D L Evans D L Dawe 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(1):43-51
Channel catfish demonstrate a shift in the tissue distribution of nonspecific cytotoxic cells (NCC) when infected with the protozoan parasite, Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. NCC, isolated from head kidney (HK) tissues (hemopoietic organ) or peripheral blood leukocytes, were assessed for cytotoxic activity against NC-37 (a transformed mammalian cell line). NCC activity from HK tissue of moribund I. multifiliis-infected fish was depressed compared to HK-NCC activity in uninfected or I. multifillis-immune fish. The activity of NCC, isolated from the peripheral blood of moribund I. multifiliis-infected fish was significantly greater than the NCC activity in peripheral blood from either immune or uninfected fish. Chromium-51 release assays were combined with effector and target conjugate assays to determine killing capacity (Vmax) and affinity (Km) for target cells of peripheral blood NCC from moribund I. multifiliis-infected and uninfected fish. These experiments indicated that the peripheral blood from the moribund infected fish contained an increased percentage of active NCC with increased killing capacity and target cell affinity compared to peripheral blood NCC activity of uninfected fish. 相似文献