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1.
低锌旱地施锌方式对小麦产量和锌利用的影响 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
西北地区是我国典型的旱地低锌区。本文选择黄土高原中部两个典型地点,通过田间试验,在两个施氮水平下,研究了不施锌、 土施锌、 叶喷锌和土施+叶喷锌4种方式对冬小麦产量、 锌的吸收和累积以及锌肥利用效率的影响。结果表明,不同施锌方式对小麦产量均无显著影响,但均提高了小麦子粒锌含量,提高幅度因施锌方式而异。与不施锌相比,叶喷和土施+叶喷锌肥可使小麦子粒锌含量提高40%左右,平均达到 40 mg/kg;单独土施锌肥虽使土壤有效锌提高3倍左右,但子粒锌含量无显著变化。叶喷锌肥的锌利用效率远高于土施和土施+叶喷处理,每公顷喷施1 kg锌可使小麦子粒锌含量提高6.70~13.04 mg/kg;子粒锌利用率为6.02%~9.40%, 达到土施锌肥的80倍左右;总锌利用率为19.78%~30.91%,是土施锌肥的132~221倍。施氮水平对小麦产量及锌肥利用效率均无显著影响。可见,在旱地低锌区,与土施锌相比,叶喷是更加经济有效、 环境友好的锌肥施用方式,是提高小麦锌营养品质切实可行的措施。 相似文献
2.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(7-8):1322-1332
This experiment was conducted at Zahak Agricultural Research Station in the Sistan region in southeast Iran. A factorial design with three replications was used to determine the effects of zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn) applications on wheat yield, Zn, Fe, and Mn uptakes and concentrations in grains. Four levels of Zn [soil applications of 0, 40, and 80 kg ha?1 and foliar application of 0.5% zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) solution], two levels of iron sulfate (FeSO4; 0 and 1%) as foliar application, and two levels of Mn (0 and 0.5%) also as foliar application were used in this study. Results showed that the interactive effects of Zn and Mn were significant on the number of grains in each spike. The highest number of grains resulted from the application of 80 kg ZnSO4 ha?1 and foliar Mn. The interactive effects of Zn and Fe were significant on weight of 1000 grains. The highest weight of 1000 grains resulted from application of 80 kg Zn and foliar Fe. Application of 80 kg ZnSO4 ha?1 alone and 80 kg ZnSO4 ha?1 with foliar application of Mn significantly increased grain yield in 2003. The 2‐year results showed that foliar application of Zn increased Zn concentration and Fe concentration in grains 99% and 8%, respectively. Foliar application of Fe resulted in a 21% increase in Fe concentration and a 13% increase in Zn concentration in grains. The foliar application of Mn resulted in a 7% increased in Mn concentration in grains. 相似文献
3.
土施和喷施锌肥对冬小麦子粒锌含量及生物有效性的影响 总被引：17，自引：5，他引：12
为揭示潜在性缺锌土壤上不同施锌方式对小麦子粒锌含量及其生物有效性的影响,选用5个冬小麦品种进行了土施和喷施锌肥的田间裂区试验。结果表明,供试土壤条件下,不同施锌方式对小麦产量均无明显影响,但是在一定施锌方式下小麦子粒锌含量大幅度提高。与对照相比,土施、喷施及土施+喷施锌肥提高小麦子粒锌含量幅度分别为-6.1%、64%和83%,提高小麦子粒锌携出量幅度分别为-3.6%、69%和83%。3个施锌处理降低子粒中植酸含量的幅度分别为-2.4%、7.2%和1.5%,降低植酸与锌摩尔比的幅度分别为-25%、41%和44%,且不同品种之间也存在一定差异;虽然植酸与锌的摩尔比有所下降,但仍高于20。此外,单独土施锌肥虽可大幅度提高耕层土壤有效锌含量,但对子粒锌含量及生物有效性的影响很小。总之,在小麦生长后期喷施锌肥是提高潜在性缺锌土壤上小麦子粒锌含量和生物有效性较为经济的方式,对改善小麦锌营养品质有较好作用。 相似文献
4.
To evaluate the response of some selected wheat cultivars to silicon application at different growth stages under drought stress, an experiment was carried out in the greenhouse of College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Iran, during 2012 using a completely randomized factorial design with four replications. Experimental treatments included drought stress (100% F.C. as control and 40% F.C. as drought) and foliar application of 6 mM sodium silicate (control, application at mid tillering stage, at anthesis stage, and application at tillering + anthesis stages) and wheat cultivars (Sirvan and Chamran, relatively drought-tolerant, and Shiraz and Marvdasht, drought-sensitive cultivars). Drought stress significantly reduced chlorophyll content, leaf area, relative water content, grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, grain yield and biomass of all wheat cultivars. Furthermore, drought stress increased electrolyte leakage of the flag leaves of all cultivars. In contrast, foliar-applied silicon significantly increased these parameters and reduced electrolyte leakage. Furthermore, highest positive influence of silicon application was observed at combined use of silicon both at the tillering + anthesis stages in wheat plants under both stress and non-stress conditions. Significant differences were found in physiological responses among wheat cultivars. The drought tolerant cultivars (Sirvan and Chamran) had significantly higher growth and yield than those of drought sensitive cvs. Shiraz and Marvdasht under drought stress. In conclusion, foliar application of silicon especially at the tillering + anthesis stages was very effective in promoting resistance in wheat plants to drought conditions by maintaining cellular membrane integrity and relative water content, and increasing chlorophyll content. 相似文献
5.
The effect of source and sink manipulation on accumulation of micronutrients (Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu) and protein in wheat grains was studied in a field experiment and ear culture. The source and sink manipulation was obtained by reducing assimilate source (through defoliation and spike shading) or sink (through 50% spikelets removal) after anthesis in the field and by changing sucrose or NH4NO3 levels of the culture media in ear culture. In the field experiment, reducing source and sink generally increased Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, and protein concentrations except defoliation which decreased Mn concentration. Grain yield as well as micronutrient and protein contents in grains were all reduced by reducing source and sink sizes, suggesting that the accumulation of micronutrients and protein in grains was restricted by source supply and sink capacity. In ear culture, the supply of 20 to 80 g L–1 sucrose increased grain weight and yield, but decreased grain Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, and protein concentrations. The supply of 0.57 to 2.28 g L–1 NH4NO3 increased grain yield and the concentrations and contents of micronutrients and protein. All these results show that micronutrient and protein accumulation in grains can be affected by the source–sink relationship of carbohydrate and nitrogen. Adequate N supply can simultaneously increase grain yield and the accumulation of Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, and protein. 相似文献
6.
Mohammad Saeed Vaghar Saeed Sayfzadeh Hamid Reza Zakerin Soheil Kobraee Sayed Alireza Valadabadi 《Journal of plant nutrition》2020,43(18):2740-2756
Abstract To investigate the effect of foliar application of nano-chelates of iron, zinc, and manganese subjected to different irrigation conditions on physiological traits, and yield of soybean (cultivar M9), a split plot experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with three replications in two crop years (2016–2017). The main plot included four levels of irrigation (I): full irrigation (I 1), irrigation withhold at flowering stage (I 2), irrigation withhold at podding stage (I 3), and irrigation withhold during the grain filling period (I 4). Also, the subplot included eight levels of foliar application with Fe, Zn, Mn, Fe?+?Zn, Fe?+?Mn, Zn?+?Mn, Fe?+?Zn?+?Mn nano-chelates, and distilled water (control). The results of combined analysis of variance suggested that the effect of irrigation and foliar application of nano-chelate was significant on all traits. Water deficit stress significantly reduced the grain yield. The minimum numbers of pods per plant, number of grains per plant, 100-seed weight per plant, leaf area index, leaf chlorophyll concentration, total dry weight of plant, and the grain yield were obtained by irrigation withhold at podding stage. Foliar application of combined nano-chelates increased the soybean resistance against water shortage more considerably than the separate consumption of these elements. Under drought stress in podding stage, the application of Fe?+?Zn led to the highest yield with a mean of 2613.84?kg ha?1 where this increase was 61.1% higher than control. 相似文献
7.
不同水分条件下冬小麦的水分利用效率、产量和可溶性糖含量 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
以我国北方12个冬小麦品种(系)和美国德州3个冬小麦品种(系)为材料,在甘肃陇东黄土高原旱作和拔节期有限补灌条件下,研究了不同基因型小麦之间产量、水分利用效率(WUE)和灌浆期穗下节可溶性糖含量的差异。结果表明:不论旱作还是有限补灌,不同基因型冬小麦之间产量、WUE、穗下节可溶性糖含量均存在明显差异,随着灌浆过程的进行穗下节可溶性糖含量呈先升高后降低的变化趋势,灌浆中后期达到最大。小麦穗下节可溶性糖含量在旱作条件下高于有限补灌。在2008年9月至2009年6月生育期降雨较常年减少1/3,属于严重干旱年份,小麦灌浆初期和中期穗下节可溶性糖含量与籽粒产量和水分利用效率无明显相关性,但到灌浆中后期和后期却达到显著相关;小麦拔节期补灌100mm水分后,不同基因型小麦表现出明显的水分补偿或超补偿效应,并且灌浆期穗下节可溶性糖含量与产量、WUE均呈显著正相关,并在灌浆中后期和后期达到极显著相关。因此,旱地冬小麦灌浆中后期和后期穗下节可溶性糖含量可作为筛选高效用水品种的参考指标之一。 相似文献
8.
锌与氮磷钾配合喷施对小麦锌累积、分配及转移的影响 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
9.
10.
秸秆还田与施氮对冬小麦生长发育及水肥利用率的影响 总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19
田间试验研究了小麦-玉米一年两熟耕作区玉米秸秆还田与氮肥配施和化肥单施对冬小麦生长发育、籽粒产量及氮肥表观利用率和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明, 施氮量相同时, 秸秆与氮肥配施越冬前和拔节期冬小麦总茎数和单株分蘖数低于化肥单施, 施氮量在75~225 kg·hm-2 时, 植株干重高于化肥单施; 孕穗期到成熟期植株干重、成穗率和产量构成因素秸秆与氮肥配施处理高于化肥单施处理, 籽粒产量增加58.9~339.6kg·hm-2, 水分生产率提高0.026~0.083 kg·m-3。施氮量在75 kg·hm-2 时, 秸秆与氮肥配施的氮肥表观利用率低于化肥单施; 在150~300 kg·hm-2 时高于化肥单施。因此, 针对目前黄淮海麦区小麦-玉米一年两熟种植制度下, 秸秆还田前期生物争氮、后期供肥能力增强的特点, 秸秆连续还田后配施纯氮225 kg·hm-2, 可有效提高灌水和氮肥利用率, 实现冬小麦高产高效栽培。 相似文献
11.
AbstractCrop yield response to micronutrient fertilization is difficult to predict, particularly under unfavorable environmental conditions as these may alter both crop nutrient demand and the soil micronutrient supply to plant roots. The research objective was to evaluate the effect of various soil temperature and moisture conditions on crop growth response to added micronutrient copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and boron (B) along with soil micronutrient supply and distribution among fractions. Brown and Dark Brown farm soils collected from southern Saskatchewan were used to grown wheat, pea and canola within controlled environment chambers. The biomass yields of all crops decreased under cold soil temperature and moisture stress (drought and saturated) conditions. Greater plant uptake of Cu, Zn, and B was associated with optimum (i.e., field capacity) soil moisture and warm temperature (23°C) growing conditions, compared to drought (i.e., 50% field capacity), saturated, and cold (5°C) temperature conditions. Environmental stress had the greatest impact on pea growth, reducing crop yield and micronutrient utilization efficiency more than 95%. Soil supplies of Cu and Zn were most negatively impacted by drought stress due to reduced mobility of these diffusion limited nutrients. The extractable micronutrients levels and chemical speciation fractions of Cu, Zn, and B indicating that bioavailability and micronutrient transformation were not affected during our short-term (i.e., six-weeks) study. However, it is suggested that assessments of micronutrient forms also be conducted on soil samples under actual moisture and temperature conditions as they exist in the experiment, as well as on dried, processed samples. 相似文献
12.
水分亏缺对不同小麦品种矿质元素吸收分布及水分利用的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
在限制小麦灌溉面积的大背景下,为进一步稳产促优,本文探讨了华北地区水分亏缺对不同小麦品种矿质元素吸收、分布特性及其与植株水分利用和产量的关系。选用3个生态类型冬小麦品种(抗旱品种‘沧麦6001’、丰水高产品种‘邯麦9’和多抗超高产品种‘济麦22’),设置正常和水分亏缺两个水平的人工气候室箱体栽培试验,主要调查了小麦不同器官矿质元素含量、积累量变化、分配比以及矿质元素变化对水分利用效率和产量的影响。结果表明,矿质元素的含量和分配具有器官特异性,其中小麦叶片Ca、籽粒Cu和Zn、茎秆Na的含量、分配比最高;Fe含量、积累量及Fe分配比因品种、器官、水分差异而不同:正常水分下,‘沧麦6001’以茎秆、‘邯麦9’以叶片的Fe含量、分配比最高;‘济麦22’以茎秆和颖壳Fe含量较高,以叶片和颖壳Fe分配比较高。而水分亏缺下,‘沧麦6001’和‘邯麦9’Fe含量以籽粒最高,‘济麦22’以叶片最高;3品种Fe分配比均以籽粒最高。此外,水分亏缺增加了小麦籽粒Cu、Zn含量及分配比,籽粒Zn、Na和Ca积累量,显著增加‘沧麦6001’的水分利用效率和产量以及‘济麦22’的产量水分利用效率;而降低了‘沧麦6001’籽粒Mn、‘邯麦9’籽粒Cu和Mn、‘济麦22’籽粒Cu和Fe积累量以及‘邯麦9’水分利用效率、干物重、产量。综上,水分亏缺下,‘沧麦6001’更易高产高效,籽粒Fe含量增加,但需补充一定的Mn元素;‘济麦22’的水分利用效率增加,产量未显著下降,需补充一定Fe元素保证品质;‘邯麦9’产量和水分利用效率均显著下降,且籽粒中Cu和Mn积累下降明显。相关分析表明,Cu、Zn、Ca、Mn含量与干物重变化之间存在一定的相互调节作用,但未直接影响产量和水分利用效率,这可能与品种间差异及品种和水分互作影响有关。但矿质元素可能通过影响干物重间接调控水分利用效率的趋势是存在的,尚需进一步研究和验证。 相似文献
13.
Abdul Rashid Hari Ram Chun-Qin Zou Benjavan Rerkasem Aildson P. Duarte Simunji Simunji Atilla Yazici Shiwei Guo Muhammad Rizwan Rajinder S. Bal Zhaohui Wang Sudeep S. Malik Nattinee Phattarakul Rogerio Soares de Freitas Obed Lungu Vera L. N. P. Barros Ismail Cakmak 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2019,182(5):791-804
Seeds enriched with zinc (Zn) are ususally associated with better germination, more vigorous seedlings and higher yields. However, agronomic benefits of high‐Zn seeds were not studied under diverse agro‐climatic field conditions. This study investigated effects of low‐Zn and high‐Zn seeds (biofortified by foliar Zn fertilization of maternal plants under field conditions) of wheat (Tritcum aestivum L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), and common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) on seedling density, grain yield and grain Zn concentration in 31 field locations over two years in six countries. Experimental treatments were: (1) low‐Zn seeds and no soil Zn fertilization (control treatment), (2) low‐Zn seeds + soil Zn fertilization, and (3) Zn‐biofortified seeds and no soil Zn fertilization. The wheat experiments were established in China, India, Pakistan, and Zambia, the rice experiments in China, India and Thailand, and the common bean experiment in Brazil. When compared to the control treatment, soil Zn fertilization increased wheat grain yield in all six locations in India, two locations in Pakistan and one location in China. Zinc‐biofortified seeds also increased wheat grain yield in all four locations in Pakistan and four locations in India compared to the control treatment. Across all countries over 2 years, Zn‐biofortified wheat seeds increased plant population by 26.8% and grain yield by 5.37%. In rice, soil Zn fertilization increased paddy yield in all four locations in India and one location in Thailand. Across all countries, paddy yield increase was 8.2% by soil Zn fertilization and 5.3% by Zn‐biofortified seeds when compared to the control treatment. In common bean, soil Zn application as well as Zn‐biofortified seed increased grain yield in one location in Brazil. Effects of soil Zn fertilization and high‐Zn seed on grain Zn density were generally low. This study, at 31 field locations in six countries over two years, revealed that the seeds biofortfied with Zn enhanced crop productivity at many locations with different soil and environmental conditions. As high‐Zn grains are a by‐product of Zn biofortification, use of Zn‐enriched grains as seed in the next cropping season can contribute to enhance crop productivity in a cost‐effective manner. 相似文献
14.
施用硫肥对陕西关中地区冬小麦氮、硫吸收与转运及产量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解陕西省关中地区冬小麦小偃22氮、 硫吸收与转运及产量对硫肥的响应,通过大田试验研究了不同施硫水平下冬小麦的氮、 硫吸收转运规律和产量效应。结果表明, 全生育期内各器官的吸硫量随施硫量的增加而提高,吸氮量随施硫量的增加先升高后降低; 施硫促进了小麦花后营养器官氮、 硫向子粒的运转,氮素向子粒的转运率（71.40%~75.27%）远远高于硫素向子粒的转运率（8.52%~27.73%）,同时增加了总转运量对子粒氮、 硫的贡献率。各器官中的 N/S 比随着施硫量的增加而降低,其中,孕穗期叶片中的N/S比变异最显著,与产量的相关性最好。子粒产量随施硫量的增加而增加,在施硫量为 S 150 kg/hm2时,增产幅度达30.1%。因此,在施硫量为S 37.5~150 kg/hm2 范围内,增施硫肥可促进冬小麦对氮、 硫的吸收和转运,提高单位面积穗数和每穗粒数,有显著增产效果。 相似文献
15.
《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2017,180(6):739-747
Crop productivity in future may be limited due to water scarcity. However, foliar spray of plant growth promoters may boost crop production even in adverse environments. In the present study, foliar application of one natural (moringa leaf extract, 3% MLE) and four synthetic (Polydol, Multisol, Classic, and Asahi Star) were applied at tillering, jointing, booting, and heading growth stages of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) during severe, moderate, and light drought and well‐watered condition. No spray and water spray were taken as controls. Results showed significant reduction in growth parameters such as total dry matter production, mean crop growth rate, net assimilation rate, leaf area index, and duration due to drought employed at various phenophases of wheat. However, improvement in these parameters was observed after foliar application of growth promoters, whereas interactive effects between factors were found non‐significant. The activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD) were more accelerated under drought treatments from exogenously supplied growth promoters. Foliar application of promoters significantly alleviated drought‐induced reduction of yield and related traits. Grain weight (15%) and grain yield (27%) were improved due to exogenously applied MLE under moderate drought stress treatments relative to controls. Furthermore, 16% higher grain yield and 17% saving of irrigation water over fully irrigated and without promoter treatment (farmers' practice) was recorded from foliar‐applied MLE under skipped irrigation at jointing. In conclusion, foliar‐applied MLE may ameliorate drought‐induced deleterious effects by enhancing antioxidant activities under drought stress. 相似文献
16.
在山西临汾盆地石灰性褐土进行冬小麦田间试验,在底施NPK肥的基础上,研究了在拔节中期和抽穗前期叶面喷施锌、铁和硒对"济麦22"产量及其构成因素、成熟期地上部分各器官微量元素含量和分配比例的影响。结果表明:叶面喷施3种微肥提高了小麦产量及其构成因素,增产效果为FeSeZn,喷施铁肥与喷施清水相比差异显著;叶面喷施微肥使籽粒、茎叶和颖壳中对应微量元素的含量提高,其中喷施硒肥效果最为明显,喷施锌肥次之;籽粒对3种元素的吸收相互影响,铁对锌单向拮抗,锌与硒、铁与硒相互促进;叶面喷施微肥使锌在籽粒中分配比例稍高于茎叶+颖壳,铁在籽粒中分配比例仅6.87%~8.25%,硒在籽粒中的分配比例稍低于茎叶+颖壳。建议临汾盆地在小麦拔节中期和抽穗前期对冬小麦叶面喷施0.4%ZnSO_4·7H_2O溶液750 kg/hm~(2)和0.017%Na_2SeO_3溶液750 kg/hm~(2),可显著提高籽粒中的锌、硒含量,从而改善籽粒品质;叶面喷施0.3%FeSO_4·7H_2O溶液750 kg/hm~(2)对产量有一定的提升作用。 相似文献
17.
Iron (Fe) availability is low in calcareous soils of southern Iran. The chelate Fe-ethylenediamine di (o-hydroxy-phenylacetic acid) (Fe-EDDHA), has been used as an effective source of Fe in correcting Fe deficiency in such soils. In some cases, however, its application might cause nutritional disorder due to the antagonistic effect of Fe with other cationic micronutrients, in particular with manganese (Mn). A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of soil and foliar applications of Fe and soil application of manganese (Mn) on dry matter yield (DMY) and the uptake of cationic micronutrients in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. var. Ghods) in a calcareous soil. Results showed that neither soil application of Fe-EDDHA nor foliar application of Fe sulfate had a significant effect on wheat DMY. In general, Fe application increased Fe uptake but decreased that of Mn, zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu). Application of Mn increased only Mn uptake and had no significant effect on the uptake of the other cationic micronutrients. Iron treatments considerably increased the ratio of Fe to Mn, Zn, Cu, and (Mn + Zn + Cu). Failure to observe an increase in wheat DMY following Fe application is attributed to the antagonistic effect of Fe with Mn, Zn, and Cu and hence, imbalance in Fe to (Mn + Zn + Cu) ratio. Due to the nutritional disorder and imbalance, it appears that neither soil application of Fe-EDDHA nor foliar application of Fe-sulfate is appropriate in correcting Fe deficiency in wheat grown on calcareous soils. Hence, growing Fe-efficient wheat cultivars should be considered as an appropriate practice for Fe chlorosis-prone calcareous soils of southern Iran. 相似文献
18.
我国主要麦区小麦籽粒锌含量对叶喷锌肥的响应 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
【目的】我国小麦籽粒锌含量普遍偏低,叶喷锌肥是提高小麦籽粒锌含量的重要措施,研究我国主要麦区小麦籽粒锌含量对叶喷锌肥的响应,对小麦科学施用锌肥、 调控小麦籽粒锌营养状况有重要意义。【方法】本研究在我国14个省(市)主要麦区布置了30个田间试验,在每个试验点设置不喷锌对照和叶面喷锌两个处理,以当地主栽小麦品种为供试作物,通过测定收获期小麦产量、 各器官锌含量,研究了叶喷锌肥提高小麦籽粒锌含量的效果、 区域差异及其与土壤主要理化性质、 小麦拔节前植株锌含量的关系。【结果】 30个试验点的结果显示,叶面喷锌对小麦籽粒产量、 生物量和收获指数均无明显影响,但籽粒锌含量显著提高,叶面喷锌的籽粒锌含量比对照平均提高5.2 mg/kg(17.5%), pH7.0的区域提高5.3 mg/kg(16.4%), pH 7.0的区域提高5.2 mg/kg(18.4%)。小麦地上部锌吸收与分配在两个区域间没有显著差异,叶面喷锌的小麦籽粒、 颖壳和茎叶平均锌吸收量分别为255.5、 26.0和117.5 g/hm2,比对照增加19.4%、 28.7% 和99.2%; 锌收获指数为64.1%,比对照降低12.2%。籽粒锌利用率和籽粒锌强化指数也不受区域的影响,平均值锌利用率为3.0%,锌强化指数为3.8 mg/kg。无论叶面喷锌与否,籽粒锌含量和土壤有效锌均呈显著正相关,土壤有效锌含量每升高1.0 mg/kg,籽粒锌含量平均提高约4.0 mg/kg; 籽粒锌含量和土壤pH呈显著负相关,土壤pH每升高1个单位,籽粒锌含量平均降低3.8 mg/kg; 籽粒锌含量与土壤有机质没有显著相关性。小麦籽粒锌含量与拔节前植株锌含量极显著正相关,拔节前植株锌含量每升高1.0 mg/kg,籽粒锌含量平均提高0.4 mg/kg。【结论】 除叶面喷施锌肥外,调节土壤酸碱性,提高土壤有效锌含量,促进小麦生长前期植株对锌的吸收对改善我国小麦锌营养均具有重要意义。 相似文献
19.
在防雨棚内的盆栽实验条件下,研究了4种梯度的10种水分组合对红芒麦和宁春10号产量及耗水量等的影响.结果表明,试验期间充分灌水、轻度、中度、重度干旱处理,随着干旱程度的加剧,株高、干物质积累、产量、耗水量都逐渐减少;红芒麦灌浆期不同程度的干旱处理,均有利于产量的形成,促进物质运输,提高了千粒重,同时减少了水分消耗,提高了WUE;孕穗期干旱处理后,灌浆期复水,会造成减产,和灌浆期相比,孕穗期是水分敏感的时期,而灌浆期对水分亏缺不敏感.两种小麦相比较,宁春10号耗水量大、产量低、抗旱性较强,但适应性较差. 相似文献
20.
Zinc (Zn) deficiency caused by inadequate dietary intake is a global nutritional problem, so increasing Zn concentrations in crops is a challenging and high-priority research task. A field experiment was conducted to explore the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilizers on Zn absorption and translocation in winter wheat during the 2010–2011 and 2011–2012 crop seasons, in Xinzheng City, Henan Province, China. N was applied at four levels (0, 90, 180, and 270 kg N ha?1) and Zn was applied at two levels (15 and 30 kg zinc sulfate heptahydrate (ZnSO4·7H2O) ha?1]. The results indicated that reasonable N application increased grain yield, total Zn accumulations, and Zn concentrations of each plant part of winter wheat. Furthermore, appropriate N application increased Zn distribution proportions in grains and decreased Zn distribution proportions in roots, stems, leaves, and spikes, and enhanced Zn removal from roots, stems, leaves, and spikes to grains. Meanwhile, reasonable N combined with higher Zn application had a better effect on Zn absorption and Zn translocation to grain of winter wheat. The results suggested that suitable quantity of N fertilizer combined with higher Zn application is an important measure to obtain both higher grain yield and grain Zn concentration in winter wheat production. 相似文献