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脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)生理功能及特异表达 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
脂蛋白脂酶(lipoprotein lipase,LPL)是甘油三酯降解为甘油和游离脂肪酸(FFA)反应的限速酶,与机体的脂质代谢及肥胖与否密切相关.白色脂肪组织(WAT)中的LPL活性升高有助于机体脂质的贮存,棕色脂肪组织(BAT)的LPL活性与机体产热有关,而骨骼肌的LPL活性升高有利于机体利用能量.动物饥饿或禁食,下调控LPLmRNA;动物补饲,上调控脂肪-LPL活力.胰岛素可增加脂肪细胞内LPL活性,轻度降低骨骼肌LPL活性;儿茶酚胺和β-肾上腺素能制剂(AMP)在脂肪组织或脂肪细胞中抑制LPL活性,在心肌和骨骼肌却是提高LPL活性. 相似文献
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Serum lipase activities and pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity concentrations in dogs with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
OBJECTIVE: To determine serum lipase activities and pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (PLI) concentrations in dogs with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI). ANIMALS: 74 healthy dogs and 25 dogs with EPI. PROCEDURES: A diagnosis of EPI was made on the basis of clinical signs, low serum trypsin like immunoreactivity (TLI) concentration, and response to treatment with enzyme replacement. Median values for fasting serum lipase activity and serum PLI concentrations were compared between the 2 groups with a Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: Median fasting serum lipase activity was not significantly different between dogs with EPI (366.0 U/L) and healthy dogs (294.5 U/L), and only 1 dog with EPI had a serum lipase activity less than the lower limit of the reference range. Median serum PLI concentration was significantly lower in dogs with EPI (0.1 microg/L) than in healthy dogs (16.3 microg/L). All dogs with EPI had serum PLI concentrations less than the lower limit of the reference range. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Serum lipase activity is not limited to the exocrine pancreas in origin, whereas serum PLI is derived only from the exocrine pancreas. Unlike in serum TLI concentrations, there was a small degree of overlap in serum PLI concentrations between healthy dogs and dogs with EPI. Serum TLI concentration remains the test of choice for diagnosis of EPI. 相似文献
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Xenoulis PG Steiner JM 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2012,41(3):312-324
The diagnosis of pancreatitis in dogs and cats can be challenging. Several diagnostic tests have been evaluated over the years, but the majority have been shown to be of limited utility owing to poor performance or limited availability or because invasive procedures are required. Assays for the measurement of pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (cPLI for dogs and fPLI for cats) were first developed over a decade ago and now include Spec cPL and SNAP cPL for dogs and Spec fPL and SNAP fPL for cats. Owing to their high sensitivity and specificity for pancreatitis compared with those of other serum tests, concentrations of cPLI and fPLI have been demonstrated to be the serum tests of choice for evaluation of dogs and cats, respectively, suspected of having pancreatitis. False-positive and false-negative results can occur, and recognition of the limitations of pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity assays is important. As there is currently no gold standard for antemortem diagnosis of pancreatitis in dogs and cats, the combination of a complete history and physical examination, measurement of pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity, and ultrasonographic examination of the pancreas is the best approach for an accurate noninvasive diagnosis of pancreatitis. 相似文献
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T D Watson L Burns C J Packard J Shepherd 《American journal of veterinary research》1992,53(5):771-775
Affinity chromatography on heparin sepharose was used to identify 2 lipolytic enzymes in heparinized plasma from horses. One enzyme was typical of hepatic triglyceride lipase (HTGL), because it was resistant to inactivation by high concentrations of NaCl, and it did not require the addition of serum for activity. The other enzyme was identified as lipoprotein lipase (LPL), because of its inactivation at NaCl concentrations in excess of 0.2M, and its dependency on addition of serum as a source of apolipoprotein C-II activator. The enzymes were purified by 347-(HTGL) and 442- (LPL) fold, with yields of 54 and 58%, respectively. The partially purified enzymes were used to design incubation conditions that gave optimal activities for each enzyme in vitro. A selective assay was then developed for direct measurement of LPL and HTGL activities in heparinized plasma from horses. Analysis of HTGL took advantage of the almost complete inactivation of LPL when serum cofactor was excluded from the assay at the NaCl concentration that gave optimal HTGL activity. Prior incubation of heparinized plasma with sodium dodecyl sulfate to inhibit HTGL was necessary for measurement of LPL, because HTGL retained 67% of its activity at the NaCl concentration required for optimal LPL activity. Activity of each enzyme was measured in heparinized plasma from 12 Shetland ponies. The mean activity +/- SD for LPL was 3.22 +/- 1.04 mumol of fatty acids/ml of heparinized plasma/h (mumol of FA/ml/h. The mean activity for HTGL was 4.9 +/- 1.56 mumol of FA/ml/h. The performance of the assay was assessed by replicate analysis of pools of each enzyme with high and low activities.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
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Patient-side assay of lipase activity correlating with pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity in the dog
Ishioka K Hayakawa N Nakamura K Terashima K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(11):1481-1483
Pancreatitis is a common exocrine pancreatic disease in dogs, and the pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (PLI) test is used for diagnosis. Enzyme catalytic assay is thought to have low specificity, but a lipase activity assay with increased specificity has been developed in human clinical chemistry. We measured serum lipase activity of 65 client-owned dogs using the newly developed FUJI DRI-CHEM slide and compared the results with their PLI concentrations. The results showed a good correlation (r = 0.91), and the normal and pancreatitis dogs identified based on the PLI values were correctly separated based on lipase activity. The present study suggests that FUJI DRI-CHEM lipase activity would be helpful for diagnosis of pacreatitis in dogs and, in particular, that it can be used as a patient-side assay and contributes to immediate treatment. 相似文献
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R M Jacobs 《Veterinary pathology》1989,26(6):525-527
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耐酸性脂肪酶产生菌的筛选及酶学性质研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从西安市周边及秦巴山区采集的165份土样中,分离筛选到200余株脂肪酶产生菌(包括细菌、霉菌及酵母等);通过酸性三丁酸甘油酯平板法筛选到10株耐酸性的脂肪酶菌株,对其中一株酶活较高的真菌FL002进行酶学性质初步研究;经18S rDNA的克隆与序列分析,初步鉴定FL002为地霉属(Galactomyces geotrichum)。结果表明,目前已经初步建立了具有陕西特色的微生物脂肪酶菌种库,建立了酸性脂肪酶产生菌的筛选模型;从FL002菌中获得的脂肪酶具有耐高温和耐酸特性,该菌及该菌产生的脂肪酶有望应用于饲料行业。 相似文献
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Backus RC Ginzinger DG Ashbourne Excoffon KJ Clee SM Hayden MR Eckel RH Hickman MA Rogers QR 《American journal of veterinary research》2001,62(2):264-269
OBJECTIVE: To assess effects of deficiency of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) on body condition scores and lean and fat body masses of adult cats. ANIMALS: 12 cats without LPL mutations and 23 cats that were heterozygous or homozygous carriers of the Gly412Arg LPL mutation. PROCEDURE: Lean and fat body masses were estimated by use of body condition scores and change in enrichment of serum after IV administration of deuterium oxide. Mass spectroscopy and infrared absorbance methods were used to determine deuterium enrichment. RESULTS: Fat body mass (mean +/- SD; 0.2 +/- 0.1 kg) and percentage body fat (6.2 +/- 1.4%) of homozygotes were significantly less than those of clinically normal cats and heterozygotes (0.7 +/- 0.1 kg, 18.2 +/- 1.6% and 0.5 +/- 0.1 kg, 15.6 +/- 1.7%, respectively). Homozygous offspring of homozygous dams had significantly less fat body mass (0.1 +/- 0.1 kg) and percentage body fat (2.1 +/- 1.0%) than homozygous offspring of heterozygous dams (0.3 +/- 0.1 kg and 9.2 +/- 1.7%, respectively). Lean body mass did not differ significantly among groups. For all groups, percentage body fat was significantly correlated with body condition score (r= 0.65), and body condition scores supported findings for fat body mass. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Deficiency of LPL activity in cats diminishes stores of body fat. This is consistent with a low rate of de novo synthesis of fat. The effect of dam on body masses in mature LPL-deficient cats indicates nutrient programming of adipose formation during gestation or lactation. 相似文献
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动物体内存在着多种脂肪酶．它们参与了脂肪消化、吸收、利用的全过程。由于食物中的酯类（以甘油三酯为例）必须先被脂肪酶水解为甘油二酯、甘油一酯和脂肪酸才能被机体吸收,如何提高食物中酯类的消化吸收率成为现在营养学中的新热点．脂肪酶是其中的研究重点．本文综述了动物消化道十二指肠前脂肪酶（舌部脂肪酶、胃脂肪酶）和胰脂肪酶的特点、特性及研究进展。 相似文献
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Studies on salivary lipase in young ruminants 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
J F Grosskopf 《The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research》1965,32(1):153-180
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Serum amylase and lipase activities and creatinine concentration were determined before surgery, and at 1 and 2 days after exploratory laparotomy in 24 dogs. Examination of all viscera was done during each laparotomy, but a surgical procedure was not performed. The mean serum activities for lipase were: before surgery, 0.71 (0.0 to 2.0) Cherry Crandall units (CCU)/L; 1 day after surgery, 2.1 (0.0 to 4.5) CCU/L; and 2 days after surgery, 1.19 (0.0 to 3.9) CCU/L. The mean serum activities for amylase were: before surgery, 1,958 (1,027 to 3,426) IU/L; 1 day after surgery, 1,538 (937 to 2,659) IU/L; and 2 days after surgery, 1,663 (1,066 to 2,274) IU/L. Serum creatinine concentrations before surgery, 1 day after surgery, and 2 days after surgery were 0.88 (0.2 to 1.7) mg/dl, 0.78 (0.4 to 1.3) mg/dl, and 0.78 (0.3 to 1.3) mg/dl, respectively. Mean preoperative, day-1, and day-2 serum amylase activities and serum creatinine concentrations did not differ significantly from each other. Mean preoperative and day-2 serum lipase activities did not differ significantly; however, mean serum lipase activity was significantly greater when day 1 activities were compared with preoperative activities (P = 0.0002). Post-mortem examinations revealed no gross or histologic evidence of pancreatitis in any dog. The results of this study show that a 3 or more fold increase in serum lipase activity may occur after routine exploratory laparotomy in dogs without clinical signs or gross evidence of pancreatitis. Histologic evidence of pancreatitis was not found in the right pancreatic lobes in any dog. 相似文献
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脂肪酶（Triacylglycerol lipase EC3．1．1．3）是广泛存在的一种酶，在脂质代谢中发挥重要的作用。在油水界面上，脂肪酶催化三酰甘油的酯键水解，释放更少酯键的甘油酯或甘油及脂肪酸。脂肪酶反应条件温和，具有优良的立体选择性，并且不会造成环境污染，因此，在食品、皮革、医药、饲料和洗涤剂等许多工业领域中均有广泛的应用。 相似文献