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貉的电刺激人工采精和授精技术,目前国内尚无先例,也未见国外报道。黑龙江省土畜产进出口公司和哈尔滨野生饲养技术人员联合组成的科研试验组,自一九八四年十一月开始进行貉的电刺激人工采精和人工技精技术的研究。目前,已初获成功。设试验组,利用自行设计的电刺激采精设备,采用直肠探子法,对乌苏里貉进行79次电刺激采精实验,其中 相似文献
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北极狐电刺激采精技术的研究 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
1995～ 1 997年北极狐配种期对 41只雄狐进行 97次电刺激采精试验 ,成功 96次 ,成功率 98 9%。雄狐用安定注射液和盐酸氯胺酮进行复合麻醉。电刺激采精器频率调至 2 0～ 30Hz;通、断电间隔时间 7s;电压由 2V开始 ,进行电刺激 ,每持续 30s后再升高 2V ,直至升到 30～ 32V公狐即可排精。所得到精液品质优良 ,采精后公狐食欲、精神均正常。 相似文献
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近年来,人工饲养貉在我国北方养貉重点市县区越来越多。但国内饲养的貉体型较小。为了改良体型小的貉,１９９７年１月１０日～１９９９年３月５日我们对采用体型大的种公貉人工采精、冻精、输精等技术进行了试验研究,效果很好。现将试验研究结果报告如下。１ 材料与方法１．１ 材料１．１．１ 采精种貉 选择１２只公貉,按顺序编号,１～４号为１２月龄种公貉４只,平均采精量１．２ｍＬ,５－８号为２４月龄种公貉４只,平均采精量１．４ｍＬ;９～１２号为３６月龄种公貉４只,平均采精量１．６ｍＬ。经试验１２只公貉均在不同温度… 相似文献
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1忽视科学技术 貉人工授精技术经过20多年应用推广,目前在全国各地貉场应用,逐渐发展成为一种成熟技术。在国内貉人工授精技术推广现状调查研究中发现,大部分从事貉人工授精的专业技术人员,普遍存在忽视理论,在输精手法上技术不过硬,对种公貉精子生成过程及其影响认识模糊,出现输精母貉受胎率低,产仔数有多有少,采精公貉精液质量有好有坏,操作时有时把母貉子宫颈扎坏。 相似文献
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貉系食肉目、犬科、貉属的杂食性毛皮兽类.本实验用自做夹板式保定架,将公貉固定好后,采用狗的集精管,用手采法采精,平均次采精量为0.5～0.8mL,密度为1.8×10个/mL,活力为0.8以上,精液呈乳白色,有腥味.精子的冷冻程序为:(1)稀释:将温度为35℃左右的自行配制的稀释液(果糖10g,柠檬酸13.54g,Tris24.22g,甘油64g,水688.24mL,卵黄200mL,青霉素80万U,链霉素50万U),加入到精液中,将鲜精稀释1倍;(2)平衡:稀释后的精液逐渐冷却到22℃以下后,放入0～5℃的冷柜内平衡2～4h;(3)分装:在0～5℃的细管分装机中,把平衡好的精液分装到细管中.细管每支为0.5mL.把分装好的细管放在冷冻架上(平放),每支细管间距0.5cm;(4)冷冻:先在冷冻箱中放入一定量液氮,盖上箱盖,预冷10min,再放入摆好的细管冷冻架,细管距液氮面距离为2cm, 相似文献
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为了有效性控制精液中的细菌含量,保证冷冻精液质量,我们跟踪检查牛冻精生产过程中的每个环节,查找出冻精生产中微生物的来源,并提出了相应的控制措施,以进一步提高牛冷冻精液的质量. 相似文献
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Myeloperoxidase in Equine Semen: Concentration and Localization during Freezing Processing 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Jérôme Ponthier Maud DesvalsThierry Franck PhD Geoffroy de la Rebière Marc SpalartEric Palmer Didier Serteyn Stéfan Deleuze 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2012,32(1):32-37
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a pro-oxidant enzyme contained in and released by neutrophils during degranulation or after lysis. Post-thaw semen contains MPO, and concentration of this enzyme is associated with decreased motility. The aim of this study was to determine kinetics of MPO concentration during freezing, its origin, and its impact on frozen-thawed semen. Forty ejaculates were used. Semen was frozen using the classical freezing procedure. MPO concentrations were assayed in fresh semen, after centrifugation, and after cooling down to 4°C. Post-thaw MPO assay results and spermogram characteristics were determined. MPO immunocytochemistry was performed on 4 different ejaculates at each step of freezing procedure. MPO concentration increased after cooling down to 4°C and thawing compared with fresh semen. As temperature decreased, MPO was higher or tended to be higher in post-thaw poor quality samples. Nonsperm cells showed various degrees of MPO immunostaining and were observed as epithelial cells with nuclear pyknosis and keratinization. MPO immunostaining increased in medium and decreased in nonsperm cells during freezing. Our study shows that MPO concentration in equine semen increases when temperature decreases. We hypothesize that nonsperm cells present in fresh semen could release MPO. 相似文献
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Female cats are known to be seasonal breeders and male cats annual breeders. Despite this, there are limited data on the influence of breeding season (BS) on hormone concentration and semen quality in the male cat. This study compared plasma concentrations of LH and testosterone (T), and semen quality during the non-breeding season (NBS) and BS in five male cats subject to natural hours of daylight but a constant environmental temperature. Plasma LH and T concentrations were higher during the BS in 2/35 and 3/5 cats, respectively, although when comparing both hormones combined, values were higher during the BS than the NBS in all cats (p < 0.01). There were no significant differences in the percentage of abnormal sperm between the cats. Overall, semen quality was superior during the BS with larger semen volume in 2/5, sperm motility in 2/5 and sperm viability in 3/5 cats. Although there was a clear seasonal effect on hormone secretion and semen quality, during the NBS all cats were likely to have been fertile. 相似文献
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Increasing interest in a longer preservation of diluted boar sperm raises questions in the field concerning the choice of the extender. The aim of this study was to evaluate the longevity of boar sperm extended in currently used commercial semen extenders. Three long-term extenders and two short-term extenders were compared for different semen quality parameters that can be assessed under routine laboratory conditions. Sperm morphology, motility, pH and bacteriological contamination were investigated during a 7-day period. The number of dead spermatozoa did not differ significantly among the extenders (p > 0.05). Sperm motility was not only related with storage period but most of all with pH, especially in long-term extenders. Differences between the different extenders were prominent (p < 0.05); the sperm preserved in only one long-term extender showed good motility during the whole test period. In all cases, the pH of the extended semen increased by 0.3-0.5 in the first days of storage and was significantly correlated with a decrease in motility. Bacteriological quality had no significant influence on motility or pH of the semen. In conclusion, we can state that in both short-term extenders and in only one long-term extender, sperm longevity, as evaluated by the parameters used in this study, was sufficient during the preservation period. To preserve the quality of diluted boar semen during long-term storage, the choice of the long-term extender is important. In addition, the monitoring of the pH of extended boar semen in our study emphasizes the importance of the buffering capacity of semen extenders. 相似文献
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Hiwasa M Kohno H Togari T Okabe K Fukui Y 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2009,55(1):50-54
The present study aimed to investigate the fertility of ewes artificially inseminated with three different methods using a synthetic semen extender, AndroMed. The three methods of artificial insemination (AI) were cervical AI with fresh-diluted or frozen-diluted semen at observed estrus, and an intrauterine AI with frozen-thawed semen. A total of 80 ewes were treated with a controlled internal drug release (CIDR) containing 0.3 g progesterone per device for 12 days. In Experiment 1 (26 Suffolk ewes), superovulation was induced with 20 mg follicle-stimulating hormone and 250 IU equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) two days and one day before CIDR removal, respectively, during the non-breeding season. In Experiment 2 (54 Suffolk and Suffolk crossbred ewes), an intramuscular injection of 500 IU eCG was administered one day before CIDR removal to synchronize estrus and ovulation during the breeding season. In Experiment 1, fresh-diluted or frozen-thawed semen was deposited into the cervical orifice after estrus detection, and an intrauterine AI with frozen-thawed semen was performed by laparoscopy at a fixed-time basis without estrus detection. Embryos were recovered by uterine flushing 6 days after AI, and the rates of recovered, fertilized (cleaved) ova and embryos at the morula or blastocyst stage were compared among the three AI methods. In Experiment 2, the pregnancy rates after the three AI methods were compared. In Experiment 1, the rates of recovered ova were not significantly different among the three AI methods (52.5-56.7%). The rate of fertilized ova (81.0%) by laparoscopic AI with frozen-thawed semen was significantly higher compared with cervical AI of fresh-diluted (25.5%) or frozen-thawed (3.5%) semen, but the rate of embryos at the morula or blastocyst stage (17.6%) was significantly lower than that of the cervical AI with fresh-diluted semen (69.2%). The rates of ewes yielding fertilized ova were not significantly different among the three groups (44.4, 11.1 and 62.5% for cervical AI with fresh-diluted and frozen-thawed semen and intrauterine AI with frozen-thawed semen). In Experiment 2, the pregnancy rate of ewes intrauterinally inseminated with frozen-thawed semen (72.2%) was significantly higher than those of ewes inseminated cervically with fresh-diluted (5.5%) or frozen-thawed (0.0%) semen. The present results showed that acceptable fertilization and pregnancy rates could be obtained by an intrauterine AI with frozen-thawed semen using a synthetic semen extender (AndroMed), but not sufficient by the cervical AI with either fresh or frozen semen. 相似文献
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Use of a sperm quality analyser on semen of turkey breeders to monitor storage time effects and age-related changes during a reproductive cycle 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
1. A relatively new instrument known as a Sperm Quality Analyzer (SQA) offers a rapid assessment of sperm quality and quantity by providing a sperm quality index (SQI). The SQA measures the intensity of sperm activity and motile concentration by determining the number and amplitude of sperm movements per second in a capillary tube as detected through light beam interference. 2. The objectives of the current study were to determine if the SQA could accurately reflect changes in semen quality that occur with prolonged storage of semen and to determine the variation and change in SQI values among individual breeding male turkeys during their semen production cycle. 3. The effect of storage time on SQI values was evaluated by diluting semen with extender and placing the semen on an oscillating shaker at 4 degrees C for 8 h. The SQI values and sperm viability, expressed as % dead sperm, were recorded hourly. The SQI readings declined linearly with increased storage time while % dead sperm increased linearly with increased semen storage. 4. Semen from 220 individual males was analysed monthly for 9 months. Semen diluted 50-fold with saline had lower SQI values during pre- and post-peak phases of production (months 1, 7, 8, and 9 as compared with months 2 to 6 of semen production). The highest SQI values occurred during months 2 to 6. The largest variation in SQI values occurred during months 1 (CV = 26%) and 9 (CV = 31%) with a CV that averaged 16% for the remaining months. 5. Correlation analysis of SQI values for each bird averaged over 9 months with individual male SQIs for each month showed monthly correlation coefficients that ranged from 0.22 to 0.63. 6. These results indicate that the SQA accurately assessed the decline in sperm quality that occurs with prolonged storage of turkey semen and reflected age-related changes in semen quality and quantity that occurred during a semen production cycle of turkey breeders. In addition, the semen quality rank of some turkey breeders in a population changed with age. 相似文献
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D R Monke 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1986,188(8):823-826
An opportunity for study of the potential role of semen in the transmission of bovine leukosis virus (BLV) was provided when a Jersey herd was found to be BLV-seronegative. This was a closed herd; new genetic material had been introduced by artificial insemination (AI), using semen collected and processed at 7 AI centers in the United States. Of 66 donor bulls from which semen had been collected for AI use in the herd during the 5 years the herd remained seronegative, 24 were consistently BLV-seropositive and 2 became seropositive for BLV during the study. Semen collected from the BLV-seropositive bulls accounted for 1,019 semen units, representing 48.3% of the semen purchased. The maintenance of BLV seronegativity in this herd for 5 years, when semen from BLV-seropositive bulls was used for AI, provided evidence for the lack of infectivity of BLV in bovine semen. 相似文献
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Cryopreservation of gander semen 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
1. The effect of dimethylacetamide (DMA) and dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) on the cryopreservation of gander semen were investigated. An improved survival rate of spermatozoa after freeze-thawing was obtained when semen was frozen by a fast-freezing procedure on dry ice with 9% DMA as the cryoprotectant. 2. Gander semen, which was frozen during mid season, was tested for fertilising ability in different times of the season. The percentage of fertility during d 3 to d 9 after 2 consecutive inseminations was 68% to 95%, depending on the date of artificial insemination. 相似文献
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Miguel Mellado Edgar Sepulveda Ulises Macias-Cruz Leonel Avendaño Jose E. Garcia Francisco G. Veliz Alvaro Rodríguez 《Tropical animal health and production》2014,46(1):265-269
The main objective of this study was to assess the effect of month of breeding on reproduction performance of Holstein heifers and cows inseminated with sex-sorted or conventional semen in a hot environment. Pregnancy per artificial insemination (P/AI; 64,666 services over an 8-year period) both in heifers (n?=?22,313) and cows (n?=?42,353) from a large dairy herd in northern Mexico (26°N) were evaluated with the GENMOD procedure of SAS, with respect to month of AI. Overall, P/AI with sex-sorted semen was greater (P?<?0.01) in heifers (41.6 %) than cows (17.3 %). P/AI for cows serviced with conventional semen was 10 % points higher (P?<?0.01) in January and December (31 vs. 21 %) than cows serviced with sex-sorted semen. While there was no difference in P/AI between the sex-sorted sperm and conventional semen in cows inseminated in July (16 and 18 %, respectively), P/AI plummeted for both groups of cows during the summer and fall (more severe heat stress). P/AI was not different between heifers serviced with sex-sorted or conventional semen during the hottest months of the year (July to October). However, during the coldest month of the year (January and February), P/AI was 10 percentage points greater (P?<?0.01) in heifers serviced with conventional than sex-sorted semen. It was concluded that in this hot climate cow and heifer fertility declined in the summer and fall when inseminated with conventional semen. However, the use of sex-sorted semen during summer and fall did not compromise the breeding success in heifers. Thus, this data suggest that sex-sorted semen promotes some embryonic thermoprotective mechanism, which leads to a marginal summer and fall fertility depression with this type of semen in this particular hot environment. 相似文献