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室温浸酸早在1947年日本小针喜三郎首先在即时浸酸时采用。由于不需要加温装置,操作简便孵化良好,10余年来我所不论是春制蚕种还是早秋制蚕种;即时浸酸或冷藏浸酸;各种试验种或农村小批量用种都采用室温浸酸。现将多年来实践所得总结如下,以供参考。 相似文献
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秋用种多采用春制冷藏浸酸种供应,掌握秋用冷浸种入库适期,加强浸酸各环节的管理,可以提高浸酸蚕种质量,从而提高蚕种的孵化率. 相似文献
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生产上通常将当年所生产的蚕种5℃温度冷藏,且冷藏期在30～40天内出库浸酸的蚕种,为短期冷藏浸酸种。经短期冷藏的蚕种因未完全解除滞育,在正常的加温冷藏浸酸标准下实行浸酸,往往是孵化率偏低,甚至达不到实用孵化率的要求。常温浸酸法不需要加温,盐酸浓度和浸渍时间的有效范围大,且操作简单较安全,用于冷藏浸酸种方面,在国内外已有报道。 相似文献
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<正>传统的蚕种浸酸方式,对蚕种出库到浸酸的时间间隔有着严格的规定,而且当日的蚕种浸酸数量须和出库配发的数量基本一致.自90年代初推行计划浸方式以来,蚕种出库至浸酸结束的经过时间突破了原来在 相似文献
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<正>春制蚕种冷藏浸酸主要供应秋用蚕种,实际生产中冷藏浸酸蚕种容易出现孵化不良、死卵多等问题,提高冷藏浸酸蚕种的孵化率,确保秋用蚕种质量,是蚕种工作者研究的重要课题。 1 蚕种冷藏浸酸的生物学原理分析冷藏浸酸蚕种在产卵后25℃左右保护约2d后开始冷藏,冷藏过程中蚕卵的滞育进程虽然迟缓下来,但不停止,至少在冷藏开始后20-30d内蚕卵没 相似文献
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家蚕即时浸酸种浸酸后冷藏抑制的有效时间（有效期）与蚕种质量和冷藏处理方法关系密切。一般认为，即浸后蚕种冷藏抑制的有效期有２０－４５ｄ，本试验发现，即浸种冷藏抑制有效期因蚕种质量和冷藏处理方法的差异而呈现出很大的不同，好的可达６０ｄ，差的只有１０ｄ左右。加强浸酸处理，提高浸酸后冷藏抑制技术，可以显著提高即时浸酸蚕种浸酸后冷藏抑制的安全性，延长有效冷藏时间。 相似文献
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<正>延长即时浸酸种浸酸后冷藏的有效期限,以利调节蚕种的供应时期,提高蚕种的使用率已是蚕种生产的成功技术了。但是,笔者通过蚕种冷藏多年的生产实践,就如何延长即时浸酸种浸酸前的冷藏抑制和浸酸后的乙胚子、丙胚子、丁胚子不同发育阶段的冷藏抑制技术谈几点体会。1掌握浸酸适期即时浸酸时期适当与否,对蚕种孵化及死卵发生有密切的关系,浸酸过早,易发生死卵;过迟,蚕卵的滞育性趋向稳定,会引起孵化不齐甚 相似文献
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试验选用21日龄杜长大断奶仔猪240头(6.38±0.35)kg,采用2×2因子设计,研究饲养温度和饲喂方式对断奶仔猪消化酶活性和胃肠道pH的影响。结果表明:高温处理组(28～30℃)饲养的仔猪肠道淀粉酶活性显著高于低温处理组(23～25℃)(P0.05)。高温处理组仔猪肠道pH显著低于低温处理组(P0.05)。定时饲喂饲养的仔猪肠道淀粉酶活性显著高于自由采食饲养的仔猪(P0.05)。从饲养温度和饲喂方式互作方面来看,高温自由采食组和高温定时饲喂组的肠道淀粉酶活性显著高于低温自由采食组和低温定时饲喂组(P0.01)。饲养温度对断奶仔猪消化酶活性和胃肠道pH有较大影响。高的饲养温度(28～30℃)有利于提高断奶仔猪体内消化酶活性和降低消化道酸度,增强仔猪的消化性能。 相似文献
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基于EOS/MODIS的青海草原春季干旱监测模型 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用对地观测系统/中分辨率成像光谱仪（EOS/MODIS）白天、夜间两时相的资料,应用热惯量监测土壤湿度的基本原理,通过拟合计算,建立了土壤湿度和热惯量之间的线性和对数模型,并选择线性模型为干旱监测的基础模型。对辐射方法反演温度和直接反演温度2种方法进行了分析比较,认为直接反演温度法计算简便、易于实际应用。针对热惯量模型只能监测裸地土壤湿度的缺点,给出了归一化植被指数（NDVI）订正方法,初步拟合计算,青海地区Kn值为3。对草原干旱的定义,沿用青海省地方灾害标准。通过以上分析,建立了青海省草原春季干旱遥感监测模型。经实际监测应用,认为在青海范围内可替代人工取土监测土壤湿度。 相似文献
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For 20 years, the cold temperature/S10/von Hagens' plastination technique was used to preserve biological specimens without challenge. It became the “gold standard” for preservation of beautiful, dry biological specimens. Near the end of the 21st century, a group from the University of Michigan and environs and Dow Corning?, USA, combined silicone ingredients, similar to the von Hagens' plastination products, however in a different sequence. The new polymer (Cor‐tech) was combined with the cross‐linker to design the “impregnation mix” which would invade the cellular structure of the specimen and yet was stable at room temperature. Later, curing would be by application of the catalyst onto the impregnated specimen. This unique sequencing of products would become the “Room temperature/Dow Corning?/Corcoran—Silicone plastination technique.” The results of this room temperature technique provided similar plastinates, beautiful and practical for demonstration, containing no toxic chemical residues and forever preserved. As the name implies, impregnation of this silicone mix could be done at room temperature, without having to be kept cold. Both processes (cold and room temperature) required the same four basic steps for plastination. As well, both processes used similar basic polymers and additives to produce plastinates. However, they were combined in a different sequence. Cold temperature combines polymer and catalyst/chain extender, which is not stable and therefore must be kept colder than ?15°C, while room temperature combines polymer with cross‐linker which is stable, and likely forever. 相似文献
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摘要：以‘小白’番木瓜为试验材料,研究了不同采后保鲜处理及运输温度（13℃低温运输和常温运输）对番木瓜物流及货架期品质的影响。结果表明：无论是常温运输还是低温运输,50℃热水处理10 min或13℃预冷处理都能明显减轻番木瓜果实物流后货架期间病害的发生、延缓果皮褪绿转黄,更好地保持果实维生素C含量、可溶性固形物含量、果实硬度等货架品质。番木瓜低温运输的效果显著好于常温运输。预冷处理对常温条件下运输保持果实品质的效果明显,2天后果实运达目的地的果实硬度为47 N,显著高于对照1倍。低温运输对保持果实的硬度有显著效果,预冷处理对冷链物流效果尤其明显,运达目的地时保持采收时的硬度为196 N,是对照的3倍。 相似文献
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城市沿河不同垂直结构绿带四季温湿效应的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选择北京北五环清河两侧不同垂直结构类型的绿地作为研究对象,利用小尺度定量测定技术方法,分析城市河流廊道绿地不同垂直结构绿地的温湿效应,为河流廊道绿带的建设提供科学依据。结果表明:春、夏、秋3季具有降温增湿效应,其中夏季降温增湿效应最强,春、秋2季降温增湿效应差别不大;绿地的降温增湿能力与环境温度相关,3季日间降温增湿效应最强时段均在环境温度最高时段的14:00-16:00。春、夏、秋3季不同结构绿地类型降温增湿幅度排序为乔-灌-草>乔-草>灌-草>草地,而冬季绿地除草地外,其余3种绿地均具有保温降湿效应,其中乔-灌-草绿地保温降湿效应最强,乔-草和灌-草型绿地差别不大;草地在冬季表现为降温增湿效应。 相似文献
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Maas JA Wilson GF McCutcheon SN Lynch GA Burnham DL France J 《Journal of animal science》2001,79(4):1052-1058
The effects of season of growth and monensin treatment on ruminal digestion of fresh-cut autumn and spring pasture were measured in a single group of ruminally fistulated castrated male sheep, housed indoors in metabolism crates. Responses were assessed in terms of ruminal volatile fatty acid molar proportions, ammonia concentration, pH, apparent digestibility of the pasture, and nitrogen balance of the animals. Blood plasma concentrations of insulin, glucose, beta-hydroxybutyrate, urea, and NEFA were also evaluated. Autumn pasture contained significantly lower proportions of water-soluble carbohydrate (P < 0.05), cellulose (P < 0.05), and lignin (P < 0.05) and increased pectin (P < 0.05), hemicellulose (P < 0.05), and crude protein (P < 0.10) concentrations when compared with spring pasture. Voluntary DMI by sheep of autumn pasture was lower (P < 0.01) than that of spring pasture and was significantly (P < 0.05) reduced by monensin treatment. Monensin treatment significantly decreased the ruminal molar proportions of acetic acid (P < 0.10) and butyric acid (P < 0.001) and increased the molar proportions of propionic acid (P < 0.001) and minor VFA (P < 0.01). Nitrogen retention of the sheep was significantly (P < 0.05) reduced by monensin treatment. Plasma glucose levels were increased (P < 0.10) by monensin treatment during the fourth 5-d collection period in both seasons. Chemical analysis suggested that the composition of autumn pasture was different from that of spring pasture and that this was manifested in vivo by increased DMI and digestibility of spring vs autumn pasture. Ruminal fermentation of autumn pasture also had an increased acetate-to-propionate ratio compared with spring pasture. Monensin treatment acted consistently across seasons by increasing the proportion of propionate and decreasing the proportion of acetate in ruminal fluid. 相似文献
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探讨不同采后处理方式对普通冰糖橙贮藏期间果实品质的影响,为普通冰糖橙果实采后的科学处理和贮藏保鲜提供理论依据。以成熟普通冰糖橙果实为试验材料,分别采用BC蜡液（BC）和聚乙烯薄膜单果包装（TD）处理,常温贮藏。对处理后的果实在不同时间节点检测果实腐烂率、失重率、可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量等指标;同时对皱缩度、风味和总体满意度等指标进行感官评价。结果表明,贮藏60 d后,BC和TD处理均能显著降低果实腐烂率和失重率,并且可以延缓果实硬度的下降;常温贮藏中后期,BC处理可以明显提高果实亮度;整个贮藏过程中,处理和对照之间的固酸比差异不显著;贮藏60 d后,BC和TD处理的果实总体满意度显著高于对照。综合结果可知,BC蜡液和聚乙烯薄膜单果包装对减少普通冰糖橙果实腐烂率和保持果实新鲜度效果均较好。 相似文献
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贮藏条件和超干燥对塔落岩黄芪种子生理生化特性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用硅胶干燥法将塔落岩黄芪种子含水量由原来的7.900%降至4.645%,3.460%,2.921%和1.829%,用铝箔袋密封后在-4℃、4℃、室温和45℃条件下贮存12个月后测定各项生理生化指标。结果表明,种子含水量在2.921%~4.645%内可以提高塔落岩黄芪种子的耐贮性,增加塔落岩黄芪种子膜透性,增加SOD、POD、CAT活性分别至4.74 U/mg, 0.233 U/mg,2.91 U/(min·g),降低MDA含量至59.72 nmol/L,3.460%为塔落岩黄芪种子超干贮存的适宜含水量。室温适度超干一定程度上可以起到低温未超干的保存效果,因此认为适度超干可以作为塔落岩黄芪种质资源保护的有效措施。 相似文献
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A modified version of the test method of the Comité Européen de Normalisation (CEN) was developed using formic acid and three commercial disinfectants to evaluate virucidal activity against three non-enveloped viruses, bovine enterovirus type 1 (ECBO virus), mammalian orthoreovirus type 1 and bovine adenovirus type 1 (BAV 1). Determination of the effects of temperature was carried out at 20 and 10 degrees C. All tests with protein load used bovine serum albumin (BSA) and yeast extract. The investigations were performed in suspension tests and in carrier tests using poplar wood virus carriers. The carrier tests showed that ECBO virus could be inactivated at 20 degrees C with 1% formic acid within a 60 min reaction time. For disinfection of ECBO virus at 10 degrees C within 60 min, a 2% concentration of formic acid was necessary. Formic acid was ineffective against reovirus and bovine adenovirus and cannot be recommended as a reference disinfectant. Inactivation of ECBO virus and adenovirus type 1 using a disinfectant containing aldehydes and alcohols could be achieved, but only at room temperature. The disinfection of reovirus type 1 at room temperature with this product was possible without a protein load. This disinfectant exhibited disinfection ability at 10 degrees C at a concentration of more than 2% or with a longer exposure time. A disinfectant containing aldehydes was effective at room temperature but its effect was reduced in the presence of organic matter. Inactivation at 10 degrees C was found only against adenovirus. The fourth disinfectant, which contained peroxiacetic acid, inactivated all test viruses at a concentration of 0.5% within 15 min independent of temperature and protein load. 相似文献