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1.
以旋毛虫国际标准虫种：旋毛形线虫（Trichinella spirlais）和本地长形线虫(Trichinella nativa）作对照,应用DNA限制性片段长度多态性（PELP）技术对黑龙江省猪、犬旋毛虫进行虫种鉴定。结果显示：猪旋毛虫和旋毛形线虫酶切图谱相同;犬旋毛虫和本地毛形线虫酶谱一致。结果提示,黑龙江猪旋毛虫为旋毛形线虫,犬旋毛虫为本地毛形线虫。  相似文献   

2.
旋毛虫起源、进化及其宿主的感染来源与途径   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  
毛形属在距今27 500万年前从毛形科中正式分化出来,各旋毛虫种间的遗传差异形成于距今的1 500万~2 000万年间。对亚洲和欧洲的共110个Trichinella spiralis地理隔离株的线粒体基因分析结果显示,欧洲地理株间仅存1个碱基差异,具有高度的一致性,而亚洲地理株间则具有8个碱基差异,存在明显的种内差异。依据线粒体累积变异速率计算,T.spiralis由亚洲传播至欧洲的时期大约在60 00年~16 000年以前。不同种旋毛虫对动物的感染具有一定的异嗜性,而宿主感染旋毛虫的途径则主要来源于水平传播,即食用感染有虫体的肉类;机械性传播,即经粪便、土壤、废水、食腐性昆虫的机械性传播;垂直传播,目前在人类、豚鼠中有检出报道。  相似文献   

3.
旋毛虫各隔离种对小鼠的感染性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
比较研究了黑龙江省猪、犬旋毛虫及国际标准虫种旋毛形线虫(Trichinella spiralis)和本地毛形线虫(Trichinella nativa)对小鼠的感染性异同。结果表明，四者对小鼠的感染力存在着显著差异，猪旋毛虫和旋毛形线虫在小鼠体内的繁殖力指数(RCI)分别为121.01±7.80和149.86±7.47；而犬旋毛虫和本地毛形线虫的RCI分别为60.98±5.05和55.15±4.69。由实验结果可认为黑龙江省的猪旋毛虫相当于旋毛形线虫，而犬旋毛虫相当于本地毛形线虫。  相似文献   

4.
猪、犬旋毛虫DNA限制性片段长度多态性分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
以旋毛虫国际标准虫种Ｔ．ｓｐｉｄａｉｓ和Ｔ．ｎａｔｉｖａ作对照,应用ＤＮＡ限制性片段长度多态性（ＲＦＬＰ）技术对黑龙江省猪、大旋毛虫进行虫种鉴定。结果显示：猪旋虫和Ｔ．ｓｐｉｒｌａｉｓ酶切图谱相同;犬旋毛虫和Ｔ．ｎａｔｉｖａ酶谱一致,结果提示,黑龙江猪旋毛虫为Ｔｓｐｉｒａｌｉｓ,犬旋毛虫为Ｔ．ｎａｔｉｖａ。  相似文献   

5.
Trichinella spp. larvae were collected from domestic and wild-life animals in association with 15 human trichinellosis outbreaks registered between 1999-2002 in Bulgaria. Furthermore, Trichinella spp. isolates were obtained from 62 naturally infected wild animals and of a rat. All isolates were subjected to speciation by both multiplex PCR and cross-breeding experiments. Epidemiological and clinical data were collected and analysed using standard protocols for epidemiological surveillance and control of outbreaks. Only two species were identified-Trichinella britovi and Trichinella spiralis. Results obtained by molecular typing fully matched those of cross-breeding. More specifically, parasite isolates obtained upon 15 epidemic outbreaks revealed the predominance of T. britovi (n = 10) when compared to T. spiralis (n = 5). With regard to host origin, the predominant species detected among wild boar was T. britovi (n = 4), and T. spiralis was identified in one wild boar sample only. Among the isolates obtained from domestic pig products, T. britovi was found in five cases and T. spiralis in four cases, respectively. In the naturally infected wild animals not related to epidemics, only T. britovi was demonstrated. The present results provide a strong indication that both T. britovi and T. spiralis operate within domestic and sylvatic cycles in Bulgaria. Geographically, the distribution of T. britovi appears to include Central, Southern, Eastern and Western parts of the country, and wildlife animals from the Mid Balkan Mountains and Mid Sredna Gora Mountains, T. spiralis was found in Western and Southwestern Bulgaria, only.  相似文献   

6.
旋毛虫病McAb快速ELISA诊断盒的应用研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
应用ＭｃＡｂ 快速ＥＬＩＳＡ 诊断盒,对感染了４ 个旋毛虫隔离种的猪定期检测其血清中抗体出现情况。结果,猪旋毛虫和旋毛形线虫（Ｔ．ｓｐｉｒａｌｉｓ）在感染２４ ｄ 后、犬旋毛虫和本地毛形线虫（ Ｔ．ｎａｔｉｖａ）３１ ｄ 后,可在猪血清中检出抗体;在抗体出现时间上前二者较后二者早７ ｄ 左右。  相似文献   

7.
The red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is considered one of the main reservoir of Trichinella spp. in Europe. As limited information on Trichinella infection in wildlife of Hungary is available, 2116 red foxes, representing more than 3% of the estimated fox population of the country, were screened to detect Trichinella larvae by a digestion method. Trichinella larvae from the 35 positive foxes were identified by a multiplex PCR as Trichinella britovi (30 isolates, 85.7%), Trichinella spiralis (4 isolates, 11.4%), and Trichinella pseudospiralis (1 isolate, 2.9%). The true mean intensity of T. britovi, T. spiralis and T. pseudospiralis larvae in lower forelimb muscles was 23.6, 3.5 and 13.5larvae/g, respectively. T. spiralis was detected only in the southern and eastern regions. The non-encapsulated T. pseudospiralis was recorded for the first time in Hungary. Although the overall true prevalence of Trichinella infection in foxes was only 1.8% (95% confidence interval, CI=1.5-2.1%), the spatial analysis reveals different risk regions. In the north-eastern counties bordering Slovakia and Ukraine (21% of the Hungarian territory), the true prevalence of Trichinella infection is significantly higher than that observed in other regions (6.0%, CI=4.8-7.1%). In the southern counties bordering Croatia, Serbia and Romania (41% of the Hungarian territory), the true prevalence of Trichinella infection is moderate (1.4%, CI=1.0-1.8%). In the north-western and central counties (38% of Hungarian territory), the prevalence of Trichinella infection is significantly lower (0.2%, CI=0.1-0.4%) than that of the other regions. Based on the statistical analysis and the evaluation of epidemiological data, none of the counties can be considered free of Trichinella infection. In the past decade, Trichinella infection has been detected only in few backyard pigs, and only few wild boar-related autochthonous infections in humans were described. Nevertheless, these results highlight the need of the maintenance of a strict monitoring and control programmes on Trichinella infection in farmed and hunted animals of Hungary.  相似文献   

8.
旋毛虫各隔离种雌虫生殖能力的实验研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
本试验对旋毛虫各隔离种雌虫体外产新生幼虫能力进行了研究。结果显示，猪旋毛虫和旋毛形线虫(Trichinella spiralis)雌虫体外培养24h平均产新生幼虫数分别为66.00±7.34和76.20±7.57，而犬旋毛虫和本地毛形线虫(Trichinella nativa)分别是28.80±4.30和22.00±3.22，前者在雌虫体外产幼虫能力上明显高于后者。研究结果表明，黑龙江猪旋毛虫相当于旋毛虫形线虫，犬旋毛虫相当于本地毛形线虫。  相似文献   

9.
Enzyme immunoassays using the triple antibody enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with both Trichinella spiralis spiralis and T. spiralis nativa excretory-secretory (ES) antigens and a commercial Trichinella spiralis enzyme immunoassay test kit were carried out on sera from pigs that were infected with light, moderate and high doses of infective T. spiralis spiralis and T. spiralis nativa respectively. Seroconversion occurred in all pigs given infective Trichinella larvae although no trichinae were recovered from pigs given T. spiralis nativa larvae and examined between days 92 and 99 postinfection by pepsin digestion. Anti-Trichinella antibodies were detected in pigs infected with T. spiralis spiralis and T. spiralis nativa by ELISA using either the homologous or heterologous ES antigen. The commercial Trichinella spiralis enzyme immunoassay test kit also detected anti-Trichinella antibodies in both the T. spiralis spiralis and T. spiralis nativa infected pigs. The commercial test kit did not appear to be as sensitive as the triple antibody ELISA since it usually took two to three days longer for seroconversion to be detected by the former procedure. Finally seroconversion occurred more rapidly in swine infected with T. spiralis spiralis than with pigs receiving comparable doses of T. spiralis nativa.  相似文献   

10.
本地毛形线虫49 Ku ES蛋白结构基因的分子克隆及原核表达   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
提取Trichinella nativa(T.nativa)肌幼虫的总RNA,用RT-PCR方法扩增出了编码T.nativa 49 Ku ES蛋白的结构基因。基因克隆后测序,序列测定结果表明:目的基因TNPG长度为951 bp,核苷酸序列同已发表的Trichinella spiralis(T.spiralis)相应的序列P49同源性为97.68%,所推导的氨基酸序列同源性为95.24%。将目的基因TNPG插入到原核表达载体pET-30a的BamHⅠ酶切位点处,并转化到感受态表达菌中进行诱导表达。结果显示TNPG在原核表达菌BL-21中获得了高效表达,表达产物为40.8 Ku的融合蛋白,表达量达到菌体总蛋白的22.8%。通过Western blot分析,表达产物可以被小鼠T.nativa和T.spiralis阳性血清以及它们的中国地理株的小鼠血清特异性识别。  相似文献   

11.
Inoculation of swine with a sylvatic isolate of Trichinella spiralis, designated T s nativa, resulted in low numbers of muscle larvae, compared with muscle larvae accumulation in swine inoculated with a pig type of T s spiralis. Despite low infectivity of T s nativa for swine, primary inoculation resulted in high levels of immunity against challenge infection with T s spiralis. This immunity was expressed in accelerated expulsion of challenge adults from the intestine and reduced numbers of muscle larvae. Pigs inoculated with T s nativa developed cellular and humoral responses similar to those in pigs inoculated with T s spiralis. However, in immunoblots, sera from pigs inoculated with T s nativa recognized additional proteins in muscle larvae excretory-secretory (ES) products, compared with sera from pigs inoculated with T s spiralis. Active immunization of pigs with ES products from T s nativa resulted in numerically higher, but not significantly different levels of immunity, compared with pigs immunized with ES from T s spiralis. The highest levels of immunity were obtained in pigs immunized with a T s spiralis newborn larval extract. The combination of ES products and newborn larval extract did not result in additive levels of immunity. These results indicate that the major immune effector response to Trichinella sp in pigs is against the newborn larvae, regardless of the genetic type of Trichinella sp.  相似文献   

12.
用消化法所得的猪旋毛虫、犬旋毛虫、旋毛形线虫 (Trichinellaspiralis)和本地毛形线虫 (Trichinellanativa)分别感染健康猪。结果表明 :4个旋毛虫隔离种对猪的感染性存在着明显差异 ,猪旋毛虫和T .spiralis对猪易感 ,其繁殖力指数 (RCI)分别为 385 .6 8± 41.5 1和 30 0 .5 5± 12 .45 ;而犬旋毛虫和T .nativa对猪不易感 ,RCI分别是 0 .0 6 4± 0 .0 31和 0 .0 33± 0 .0 33。结果揭示黑龙江省猪旋毛虫相当于T .spiralis,犬旋毛虫相当于T .nativa ;犬旋毛虫和T .nativa很难通过猪的感染而对人体健康构成威胁。  相似文献   

13.
We developed a PCR-based assay using a single primer pair to amplify the 5S ribosomal DNA intergenic spacer region to identify Trichinella isolates. In our method, amplified products are directly sequenced on both strands and compared to GenBank sequences. Using this method, we were able to identify Trichinella spiralis, T. britovi and T. nativa. This method permits rapid species identification of Trichinella isolates; however, further evaluation is required before recommending this approach for routine use.  相似文献   

14.
The study of Trichinella isolates from wildlife in Germany revealed the presence of Trichinella spiralis and Trichinella britovi in wild boars and foxes. T spiralis was detected in meat products imported from Spain, which is one of the two endemic areas of domestic trichinellosis in the European Union: It was also detected in meat from a grizzly bear marketed in Alaska, and Trichinella nativa was detected in a polar bear from the Berlin Zoo. These results stress the importance of examining for Trichinella live animals and meat products imported to Germany from both EU and non-EU countries. Furthermore, carnivores from Arctic regions that are born in the wild and placed in zoos can represent a risk for the introduction of the freeze-resistant species of Trichinella in a new region if, once the animal dies, the carcass is not properly destroyed.  相似文献   

15.
Trichinellosis caused by nematodes of Trichinella spp. is a zoonotic foodborne disease. Three Trichinella species of the parasite including Trichinella spiralis, Trichinella papuae and Trichinella pseudospiralis, have been etiologic agents of human trichinellosis in Thailand. Definite diagnosis of this helminthiasis is based on a finding of the Trichinella larva (e) in a muscle biopsy. The parasite species or genotype can be determined using molecular methods, e.g., polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This study has utilized real-time fluorescence resonance energy transfer PCR (real-time FRET PCR) and a melting curve analysis for the differential diagnosis of trichinellosis. Three common Trichinella species in Thailand were studied using one set of primers and fluorophore-labeled hybridization probes specific for the small subunit of the mitochondrial ribosomal RNA gene. Using fewer than 35 cycles as the cut-off for positivity and using different melting temperatures (T(m)), this assay detected T. spiralis, T. papuae and T. pseudospiralis in muscle tissue and found the mean T(m) ± SD values to be 51.79 ± 0.06, 66.09 ± 0.46 and 51.46 ± 0.09, respectively. The analytical sensitivity of the technique enabled the detection of a single Trichinella larva of each species, and the detection limit for the target DNA sequence was 16 copies of positive control plasmid. A test of the technique's analytical specificity showed no fluorescence signal for a panel of 19 non-Trichinella parasites or for human and mouse genomic DNA. Due to the sensitivity and specificity of the detection of these Trichinella species, as well as the fast and high-throughput nature of these tools, this method has application potential in differentiating non-encapsulated larvae of T. papuae from T. spiralis and T. pseudospiralis in tissues of infected humans and animals.  相似文献   

16.
Trichinellosis is a foodborne disease caused by the consumption of raw meat and raw meat-derived products from swine, horse and some game animals infected with nematode worms of the genus Trichinella. Between June 2006 and February 2011, 16 million domestic pigs and 0.22 million wild boars (Sus scrofa) were tested for Trichinella sp. in Hungary. Trichinella infection was not found in any pigs slaughtered for public consumption. Nevertheless, Trichinella spiralis was detected in four backyard pigs when trace back was done following a family outbreak. Trichinella infection was demonstrated in 17 wild boars (0.0077%). Larvae from wild boars were identified as Trichinella britovi (64.7%), T. spiralis (29.4%) and Trichinella pseudospiralis (5.9%). Although the prevalence of Trichinella sp. infection in wild boars and domestic pigs is very low, the spatial analysis reveals that the level of risk differs by region in Hungary. Most of the T. britovi infected wild boars (63.6%) were shot in the north-eastern mountain area of Hungary; whereas domestic pigs and wild boars infected with T. spiralis were detected only in the southern counties bordering Croatia and Romania. In the north-western and central counties, the prevalence of Trichinella infection seems to be negligible.  相似文献   

17.
In the framework of the Dutch field trial 'Integrated Quality Control (IQC) for finishing pigs' ELISA (screening) techniques were used to detect animals seropositive for Toxoplasma gondii and/or Trichinella spiralis. The aim was to determine whether farms which consistently delivered seropositive pigs could be detected and monitored (defined as 'problem farms'). The investigation involved 120 farms and three slaughterhouses, and a total of 23,348 serum samples were examined. In addition, all pigs were also screened for the presence of Trichinella spiralis with the digestion method (pooled samples). The prevalence of seropositivity for Trichinella spiralis and Toxoplasma gondii was 0.3% and 2.1% respectively. Parasitological examinations concerning T. spiralis were negative. Considering the characteristics of the used methodology, the conclusion was drawn that there were no parasitological or serological indications for T. spiralis infections, and that with respect to T. gondii the infection rate seemed to be equally low for all farms involved. In addition, a longitudinal pilot study during a whole finishing period was undertaken at two finishing farms. Animals seropositive for Toxoplasma gondii were found from the earliest days of the finishing period. Housing and management may (still) play an important role in the prevention of contact with this parasite.  相似文献   

18.
Experimental trichinosis in sheep.   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文
Trichinella spiralis spiralis infections were established in sheep by administering infective larvae via gavage or feeding infected musculature. Trichinella spiralis nativa infective larvae had a low infectivity for sheep although light infections may be established in some animals with large infective doses. For the most part, sheep were averse to ingesting musculature mixed in a grain ration unless it was camouflaged with molasses. The heaviest infections usually occurred in the masseter muscle. The fact that sheep are averse to ingesting muscle tissue may reduce the likelihood of trichinosis. Anti-Trichinella antibodies to both T: spiralis spiralis and T. spiralis nativa were produced as demonstrated by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Seroconversion occurred in several sheep challenged with T. spiralis nativa even though larvae were not recovered from the musculature by pepsin-digestion.  相似文献   

19.
The infectivity of Trichinella spiralis nativa isolates from widely separated geographic areas of Canada was determined by feeding infected musculature to swine, laboratory rats and carnivores (cats, foxes, ferrets). Low infectivity for swine and rats and high infectivity for carnivores were observed. Light infections were established in four of 16 swine examined between 25 and 53 days postinfection. Feeding of infected porcine musculature to ferrets demonstrated that Trichinella spiralis nativa can be passaged through swine even though the infectivity rate is low.  相似文献   

20.
ABSTRACT: Domestic pigs are the main representatives of the domestic cycle of Trichinella spiralis that play a role in transmission to humans. In Europe, backyard pigs of small household farms are the most important risks for humans to obtain trichinellosis. Rats might play a role in the transmission of Trichinella spiralis from domestic to sylvatic animals and vice versa. In order to be able to investigate the role of wild rats in the epidemiology of T. spiralis in The Netherlands, we studied the dynamics of antibody response after T. spiralis infections in experimental rats, using infection doses ranging from very low (10 muscle larvae, ML, per rat) to very high (16 000 ML per rat). To evaluate the feasibility of rats surviving high infection doses with T. spiralis, clinical and pathological parameters were quantified. Serological tools for detecting T. spiralis in rats were developed to quantitatively study the correlation between parasite load and immunological response. The results show that an infection dose-dependent antibody response was developed in rats after infection with as low as 10 ML up to a level of 10 000 ML. A positive correlation was found between the number of recovered ML and serum antibody levels, although specific measured antibody levels correspond to a wide range of LPG values. Serum antibodies of rats that were infected even with 10 or 25 ML could readily be detected by use of the T. spiralis western blot 2 weeks post infection. We conclude that based on these low infection doses, serologic tests are a useful tool to survey T. spiralis in wild rats.  相似文献   

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