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1.
Significant alterations in serum protein of mice following Hymenolepis nana infection were observed. These changes were recorded as decrease in albumin, increase in gamma globulin and a temporary rise in alpha-1, alpha-2 and beta globulins. The decrease in albumin and increase in gamma globulin occurred as early as on 1st day after infection. The alpha-1 and alpha-2 globulins did not show definite profile during infection. The beta globulin predominantly increased till the day 20 post infection and thereafter generally decreased. Repeated infection did not enhance any further alterations in serum protein. There was no significant correlation between infection dose levels and serum protein changes. 相似文献
2.
Groups of female BALB/c mice infected by intravenous injection with 50 erythrocytes containing Plasmodium berghei Vincke et Lips, 1948 were sacrificed on days 3 through 12 after infection. Rheumatoid factor-like IgM (RF-IgM) and parasite-specific IgG levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in serum specimens and in culture medium removed from spleen cell cultures established at sacrifice. All four mouse IgG subisotypes were recognized by RF-IgM molecules induced by Plasmodium berghei infection, and in this regard, the parasite-induced RF-IgM response resembled that induced by lipopolysaccharide polyclonal activation. Plasmodium berghei infection resulted in a biphasic RF-IgM response, with infected animals demonstrating significantly increased levels of RF-IgM early in the infection and significantly decreased levels late in the infection, compared to uninfected control mice. The decreased levels of RF-IgM observed late in infection correlated with increasing parasitaemia levels, and were primarily due to a decrease in RF-IgM specific for mouse IgG2a. Late infection levels of RF-IgM specific for IgGI, IgG2b, and IgG3 were not significantly different from those of control animals. 相似文献
3.
Hanen Bouaziz Kamel Jammoussi Fatma Ayedi Najiba Zeghal 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2006,86(3):124-130
In this investigation, we have evaluated the effect of sodium fluoride (NaF) on hepatic function in pregnant and lactating mice and their suckling pups. Experiments were carried out on female Wistar mice given 500 ppm sodium fluoride (226 ppm fluoride ion) in their drinking water from the 15th day of pregnancy until day 14 after delivery. All mice were sacrificed on day 14 after parturition. Our results showed a significant decrease in serum levels of total protein and albumin, a marked hypoglycaemia and a significant decline in serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels in fluoride-treated mice and their pups. Whereas globulin and biluribin levels in serum were not significantly changed by NaF treatment. On the other hand, serum transaminase activities (aspartate transaminase; alanine transaminase), which well known as markers of liver function, were elevated indicating hepatic cells’ damage after treatment with fluoride. Lipid peroxidation increased in NaF-treated mice and pups, as revealed by high liver malondialdehyde levels, while serum total antioxidant status showed a significant decline. These biochemical modifications in NaF-treated mice also correspond histologically with extensive ballooning, hepatocellular necrosis and infiltration of mononuclear cells. These effects were not observed in controls. 相似文献
4.
《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2007,87(3):124-130
In this investigation, we have evaluated the effect of sodium fluoride (NaF) on hepatic function in pregnant and lactating mice and their suckling pups. Experiments were carried out on female Wistar mice given 500 ppm sodium fluoride (226 ppm fluoride ion) in their drinking water from the 15th day of pregnancy until day 14 after delivery. All mice were sacrificed on day 14 after parturition. Our results showed a significant decrease in serum levels of total protein and albumin, a marked hypoglycaemia and a significant decline in serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels in fluoride-treated mice and their pups. Whereas globulin and biluribin levels in serum were not significantly changed by NaF treatment. On the other hand, serum transaminase activities (aspartate transaminase; alanine transaminase), which well known as markers of liver function, were elevated indicating hepatic cells’ damage after treatment with fluoride. Lipid peroxidation increased in NaF-treated mice and pups, as revealed by high liver malondialdehyde levels, while serum total antioxidant status showed a significant decline. These biochemical modifications in NaF-treated mice also correspond histologically with extensive ballooning, hepatocellular necrosis and infiltration of mononuclear cells. These effects were not observed in controls. 相似文献
5.
In this study, a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was established to detect Toxoplasma gondii DNA in mice infected with T. gondii PRU strain. This LAMP assay was based on the sequence of highly repetitive B1 gene. The detection limit of T. gondii LAMP assay was 1 pg of T. gondii DNA, which was evaluated using 10-fold serially diluted DNA of cultured parasites. The LAMP assay was also highly specific for T. gondii and able to detect T. gondii DNA in urine of mice treated with dexamethasone at 90 day post infection (p.i.), although this assay could not detect the DNA in mice urine 2-6 days p.i. These results demonstrated that LAMP is effective for evaluation of therapy effectiveness for T. gondii infection. The established LAMP assay may represent a useful and practical tool for the routine diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation of human toxoplasmosis. 相似文献
6.
The effects of vitamins A, B complex, E, and ADE on the body weight, eosinophilia, intensity of infection and distribution of T. spiralis larvae were studied in mice. The greatest loss of weight followed after the application of vitamins B complex and E. An increased eosinophilia appeared in the majority of infected mice since day 7 p.i., reaching the maximum on day 21 p.i. In mice receiving vitamins B complex, A, and ADE, the increased eosinophilia was observed still on day 60 p.i. The highest levels of eosinophilia occurred after the application of vitamins B complex and E, which was directly proportional to the intensity of infection. The lowest intensity of infection was recorded in mice receiving vitamin A. Though there were great differences between individual mice, the greatest number of larvae were localized in the diaphragm and left masseter. 相似文献
7.
This study elucidates the activity of certain plants’ methanol extract: Anagallis arvensis, Solanum nigrum (green fruits), Chenopodium ambrosioides, Calendula officinalis and Sesbania sesban, on the infectivity of S. mansoni cercariae to albino mice. Then, some parasitological parameters, e.g. the worm load/mouse, number of ova/g tissue in liver and intestine and the developmental stages of ova in the small intestinal wall (Oogram) of infected mice were determined. In addition, certain biochemical parameters of serum from infected mice (total protein, albumin, the activities of AlT, AsT, AcP and AkP enzymes) were, also, recorded.The results showed that exposure of S. mansoni cercariae for 30 min to the tested plants’ methanol extract before mice infection has a higher suppressive effect on their infectivity to albino mice then those exposed to this extract during mice infection. The number of worms recovered/infected mouse and the number of ova/g tissue from liver and intestine of mice groups infected with cercariae exposed to the tested plants’ methanol extract either pre- or during mice infection were less than those of infected control groups (e.g. the reduction rates of worm load/mouse and number of ova/g tissue in the intestine were 46.1% and 76.8%, respectively, for mice infected with cercariae exposed to 5 ppm of A. arvensis during mice infection).The results, also, indicated that exposing S. mansoni cercariae to methanol extract of the experimental plants either pre- or during mice infection reduced the activities of the enzymes AlT, AsT, AcP and AkP that were elevated in mice infected with untreated cercariae, meanwhile, the concentrations of total protein and albumin were increased in the serum of mice infected with these treated cercariae in comparison with those of mice group infected with untreated cercariae. 相似文献
8.
Thymalin (Thymarin) and T-activin--thymic preparations of polypeptidic character--were used for influencing the parasitic infection in a model system mouse--Taenia crassiceps. A single subcutaneous application of 100 micrograms of Thymalin per mouse at the day of infection resulted in a decrease (by 54.9%) in the number of cysticerci in peritoneal cavity of experimental mice compared with the controls. Administration of Thymalin with T. crassiceps larval homogenate at various intervals before and after infection resulted in a statistically significant increase of the level of specific antibodies in the serum of infected mice, this increase, however, did not correlate with the corresponding protective effect. Immunosuppressant azathioprine, injected subcutaneously from 7th to 3rd day preceding infection at a dose of 100 micrograms resulted in a significant increase in the number of T. crassiceps larvae in the peritoneal cavity of experimental mice compared with the controls (by 48.7%). T-activin, injected subcutaneously to mice, immunosuppressed by azathioprine, led to a restoration of resistance of mice to T. crassiceps infection. Subcutaneous application of T-activin alone had a significant protective effect (decrease in cysticerci number by 53.7% in comparison with the controls). Correlation of the level of specific antibodies in the serum of infected mice, value of spleen index and number of T. crassiceps cysticerci in peritoneal cavity of mice was not detected. 相似文献
9.
The present study was designed to test the susceptibility of free-living rodents, viz Apodemus flavicollis, Microtus arvalis, Clethrionomys glareolus, Mus musculus, and outbred white mice from Dobrá Voda farm, CSFR, to Coxiella burnetii, rickettsiae of the spotted fever group (Rickettsia sibirica, R. conorii, R. slovaca and R. akari) and rickettsiae of typhus group (R. typhi and R. prowazekii) by various routes of administration. The highest levels of antibodies to C. burnetii were found in A. flavicollis and M. arvalis inoculated intraperitoneally and intracerebrally. Antibodies to C. burnetii exerted peak levels between days 13 and 16 in contrast to white mice which showed maximum levels on day 28. When 10(0.5) and 10(0.05) EID50/0.25 ml of C. burnetii was administered intraperitoneally to A. flavicollis, M. arvalis and white mice, the agent was detected only in organs of wild animals. In addition to spleen, the bone marrow appeared as a predilective tissue for the detection of this agent. R. akari at a dose of 10(4.5) EID50/0.25 ml caused overt illness and death in rodents. Antibody levels to R. sibirica and R. conorii were dependent on dosage, route of inoculation and duration of infection, but were not dependent on animal species. Antibodies to R. slovaca and R. akari were dependent on dosage, infection duration and animal species but were not dependent on the route of infection. For R. conorii, R. sibirica and R. slovaca a sharp increase of antibody levels with high titres on days 4-6 and peak levels about day 11 post intraperitoneal infection was characteristic. Antibody level to R. akari increased up to day 21. Spotted fever group rickettsiae in rodents inoculated intraperitoneally were observed in various organs, particularly in tunica vaginalis and spleen at days 2-8 post infection. R. typhi at a dose of 10(4.3) EID50/0.25 ml inoculated intracerebrally or intraperitoneally killed white mice and inoculated intraperitoneally killed C. glareolus and M. musculus. The antibody response of white mice to intraperitoneal, subcutaneous or intranasal inoculation of this rickettsia was low and no antibody was detected following peroral administration. M. musculus did not develop antibodies after intracerebral, intranasal, subcutaneous or peroral inoculation of R. typhi. The target organs for this rickettsia were the spleen and tunica vaginalis. R. prowazekii inoculated intraperitoneally into white mice at a dose of 10(6.5) EID50/0.25 ml and at a dose of 10(4.5) EID50 into C. glareolus was fatal for these rodents.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) 相似文献
10.
V V Vardhani 《Folia parasitologica》1986,33(2):163-167
Aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase levels showed considerable increase during initial (1 to 9 days) period of infection in all the experimental groups of mice and their level reached higher values than in the controls. The increase of enzymes was influenced by the degree of retention of worm load and the immunological damage caused by Ancylostoma caninum larvae within the host system. 相似文献
11.
Results of clinical and laboratory examination of animals experimentally infected with Taenia saginata eggs are described. At the early stage of infection, increased temperature, cough, muscle shaking and unstable pace were observed. The locomotive disorders disappeared only on day 50 p.i. Leukocytosis and peripheric eosinophilia were found at the early stage of infection. On days 14-28 p.i. the activity of serum creatine-kinase (CK) significantly increased. The activity of other enzymes (AST, ALT, LD, ALP and ALD) examined was increased only slightly and irregularly. The lipid content in blood serum markedly increased on days 9-16 p.i. 相似文献
12.
Many animals obtain reliable information about potential mates, including whether they are parasitised or not, mostly from olfactory cues in urine. Previous experiments with rodents have shown that females can detect parasites in males that are potentially transmissible during copulation, so that females can directly avoid infection by discriminating against parasitised males. Here, using choice tests, we examine whether female rats can distinguish males infected with the tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta Rudolphi, 1819, a parasite with a complex life cycle and thus not directly transmissible among rats. Female rats tended to spend more time investigating the urine of non-parasitised males than that of parasitised males. The magnitude of the parasite burden in the infected males had no effect on the females' preference for the non-parasitised males. We also found that parasitised males had lover testosterone levels in their blood than non-parasitised males. These results suggest that females use cues in male urine reflecting either the presence of the parasite and/or lower testosterone levels to avoid parasitised males and possibly secure resistance genes for their offspring. 相似文献
13.
Kranti Mapuskar 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2007,87(2):156-163
The experiment was conducted to study the after effects of administering DEP at different doses to female Swiss mice for a period of 90 days. Group I mice were fed on normal diet and water ad libitum. Group II mice were maintained on normal diet mixed with corn oil at 8.25 mg/kg of the diet/day as oil control. Group III, IV and V mice were given diethyl phthalate dissolved in corn oil mixed with the diet at 10, 25 and 50 mg/kg of the diet/day, which is approximately equal to 1.25, 3.125 and 6.25 mg/kg body weight/day. A significant dose dependent increase was observed in serum acid phosphatase (ACP) whereas, serum and liver triglycerides levels showed a significant increase only in the high-dose treated group. Significant dose-dependent increase in serum aspartate and alanine aminotransferase (AST and ALT) and liver glycogen was observed. Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was significantly increased only in 25 and 50 ppm DEP-treated mice. Liver cholesterol was significantly increased in all the treated groups. Liver histology by light microscopy showed intracellular vacuolations in all the treated groups which was much more evident in the 25 and 50 ppm DEP-treated mice while hepatocellular degeneration and hypertrophy of the hepatocytes was evident in 50 ppm DEP-treated mice. Proliferation of mitochondria and peroxisomes was evident in the electron micrographs of the 10 ppm DEP-treated mice while 25 and 50 ppm DEP-treated mice showed increase in lipid droplets and severe mitochondrial proliferation. 相似文献
14.
Using counterimmunoelectrophoresis and ELISA tests the dynamics of antibody production in serum of mice experimentally infected with Toxascaris leonina was studied. The production of antibodies using both tests has already been detectable in serum of mice from 7 days post infection (DPI) and their level persisted till the end of the experiment, i.e. till 77 DPI. The most positive were reactions of sera with Antigens 1 and 3. 相似文献
15.
An experimental infection with the microsporidian Encephalitozoon cuniculi Levaditi, Nicolau et Schoen, 1923 was studied using a model of immunocompetent BALB/c mice and immunodeficient SCID mice. The course of infection after intraperitoneal inoculation of E. cuniculi spores was evaluated using the presence of spores in peritoneal macrophages as a criterion. First significant decrease in the proportion of infected cells was recorded on day 9 post infection (p.i.) in BALB/c mice. From day 14 p.i. no spores were observed in macrophages from BALB/c mice, while the number of infected macrophages from SCID mice increased until the death of the mice. The natural killer (NK) cell activity of mouse splenocytes was compared with the production of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) by these cells. While in BALB/c mice NK activity peaked on days 9 and 14 p.i., in SCID mice the marked increase of NK activity was recorded close before death of mice, on day 21 p.i. in correlation with the production of IFN-gamma. Production of specific antibodies was demonstrated from day 9 p.i. in sera from BALB/c mice. It is concluded that intraperitoneal infection of SCID mice with spores of E. cuniculi results in the marked increase in the number of peritoneal exudate cells and in the percentage of infected cells close before death of mice. Neither high activity of NK cells nor increased production of IFN-gamma are sufficient for the recovery of SCID mice from an E. cuniculi infection. 相似文献
16.
Susceptibility of three strains of immunodeficient mice to two related microsporidian species Encephalitozoon cuniculi Levaditi, Nicolau et Schoen, 1923 and Encephalitozoon intestinalis (Cali, Kotler et Orenstein, 1993) was compared. While both, severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) and interferon-gamma knock-out (IFN-gamma KO) mice, succumbed to either intraperitoneal (i.p.) or peroral (p.o.) (natural) infection with both parasites, only i.p. infection with E. cuniculi killed interleukin-12 knock-out (IL-12 KO) mice. IFN-gamma KO mice died earlier than SCID mice. Adoptive transfer of naive splenocytes from IFN-gamma KO mice did not protect the SCID mice from a lethal infection with either of the Encephalitozoon species. However, reconstituted mice survived significantly longer (P<0.05), thus indicating the role of IFN-gamma produced by host NK cells in the development of mechanisms of anti-microsporidial protective immunity. Non-lethal outcome of the infection always correlated with the increase in CD8+ T lymphocyte subpopulation. Both E. intestinalis-infected IFN-gamma KO and IL-12 KO mice produced comparable levels of specific antibodies, suggesting that antibodies did not protect IFN-gamma KO mice from lethal infection. 相似文献
17.
有机磷类农药毒死蜱 (chlorpyrifos，CPF) 可影响雄性动物生殖系统功能。为探究胚胎早期毒死蜱暴露对雄性小鼠生殖功能的影响，于母鼠妊娠后第7天 (gestational day, GD7) 至分娩前1 d每天给予母鼠灌胃染毒10 mg/kg (b.w.) 剂量的毒死蜱，于子代雄鼠出生后第42 天处死，取血液及睾丸，测定睾丸质量，通过酶联免疫法检测血液中睾酮 (testosterone，T) 及促黄体生成素 (luteinizing hormone，LH) 含量，同时采用RT-qPCR方法检测睾丸中与胆固醇及睾酮合成相关的5个基因mRNA表达的变化。结果显示:与对照组相比，毒死蜱染毒组子代鼠睾丸质量增加了16.5%，差异极显著 (P < 0.01)；血清中睾酮及促黄体生成素含量分别增加了9.9%和6.2%，但与对照差异不显著 (P > 0.05)。睾丸中胆固醇合成基因HMG-CoA synthase的mRNA表达量升高了72.9%，运输基因StAR的mRNA表达量升高了45.3%；此外，睾丸中睾酮合成基因P450scc、P450-17α和3β-HSD的mRNA表达量分别升高了95.5%、68.9%和112.0%。各基因mRNA的表达量在染毒组与对照组间均差异极显著 (P < 0.01)。研究表明，毒死蜱暴露可影响子代雄鼠睾酮合成相关基因mRNA的表达，推测毒死蜱可能是通过该途径发挥其毒性作用。 相似文献
18.
Sixty white male mice were used in this study. Three groups, each comprising 20 mice were established. The control group (Group 1) was provided ad libitum pellet feed. On the other hand, the experimental groups, namely, Groups 2 and 3 were given pellet feed containing deltamethrin throughout the day, so that the animals were administered doses of 7.5 and 30 mg/kg/body weight/day, respectively. Blood samples were collected from all groups on the 15th, 30th, 45th, and 60th days of the experiment for measurement of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), alcaline phosphatase (ALP), amylase and cholinesterase activities, and levels of glucose, urea, creatinine, triglyceride, cholesterol, calcium, phosphor, sodium, potassium, and chloride. According to data obtained, on the 15th day of the study, compared to the control group, statistically significant increase in urea, cholesterol, ALP, cholinesterase, calcium, and potassium levels/activities, and significant decrease in SGOT activity and chloride levels in Group 2, and significant increase in cholesterol, ALP, cholinesterase, calcium, potassium and chloride levels/activities in Group 3, and significant decrease in SGOT activity in Group 3 were determined. On the 30th day of the study, in comparison to the control group, triglyceride and cholesterol levels and ALP activity were determined to be significantly increased in the Group 2, whereas SGOT activity were significantly reduced in Group 2, and triglyceride and cholesterol levels were demonstrated to be significantly increased and SGOT activity was significantly reduced in Group 3. On the 45th day of the study, compared to the controls, significant increase in cholesterol and sodium levels, and significant decrease in triglyceride levels and ALP activity in Group 2, significant increase in creatinine, cholesterol and sodium levels and cholinesterase activity, and significant decrease in glucose, SGPT, ALP and phosphor levels/activities were detected in Group 3. On the 60th day, in other words, in the last period of the study, ALP activity, and triglyceride, calcium, and phosphor levels were determined to be significantly increased and significant decrease in amylase activity in Group 2. Furthermore, significant increase in triglyceride, ALP, amylase, calcium, phosphor, and potassium levels/activities, and significant decrease in glucose and creatinine levels were observed in Group 3. However no correlation was determined to exist between the changes were found to be statistically significant, and the administration dose and duration of deltamethrin in all periods and groups. 相似文献
19.
L. Rosival M. Vargová J. Szokolayová K. Čerey A. Hladká V. Bátora J. Kovačičová Š. Truchlik 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1976,6(3):280-286
The toxicity of the S-methyl isomer of fenitrothion was found to be higher than that of both fenitrothion and technical fenitrothion. Repeated administration of the compound showed a rapid decrease in toxicity with decreasing doses.Excretion of p-nitro-m-cresol into the urine of rats was more rapid and the excreted amounts were larger from a single dose of the isomer than from fenitrothion.Single doses of the isomer increased the pentobarbitone sleeping time in mice at both 24 and 48 hr, but showed no change after 4 days. Administration of the isomer and purified fenitrothion to mice for 1 week had no effect on the pentobarbitone sleeping time, nor did a single dose of fenitrothion change the effectiveness of pentobarbitone.Dominant lethal tests in rats revealed a possible mutagenic effect from this compound.The anticholinesterase activity of the fenitrothion S-methyl isomer in vitro was found to be two to three times higher than that of fenitrothion. 相似文献
20.
Fifty white laboratory mice were planted in a microbiotope in which adiaspiromycosis has been detected in 52 Microtus arvalis during the last 10 years. Four of the white mice became infected with adiaspiromycosis. Serological tests revealed the infection in two mice exposed for 3 months. After 4 months' exposure, another two mice were found to be infected and the positive serological results were confirmed by microscopical examination which revealed adiaspores in their lungs. The infection was thus detected by serological methods sooner than by microscopical examination. 相似文献