共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
国内外果蔬鲜切加工及保鲜技术研究现状 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
随着工作节奏的加快,方便快捷食品需求的增强,鲜切加工产品越来越受到关注。阐述了鲜切产品的加工过程、原料来源及选择,清洗、去皮、切分、护色、包装和贮藏等各项技术,论述和比较了鲜切产品的保鲜技术包括冷藏保鲜、保鲜剂保鲜、MAP保鲜及冷杀菌保鲜等,分析了加工过程中需要注意的问题,最后对鲜切加工技术的发展提出了展望。 相似文献
6.
WANG Jin ping 《保鲜与加工》2008,8(4):23-26
通过对鲜切甘蓝的切分、前处理、蒸烫、添加剂溶液浸泡、离心脱水、包装、贮藏等工艺点的调控,研究其对鲜切甘蓝品质的影响,并通过测定呼吸强度、多酚氧化酶（ppo）活力、褐变度等指标观察鲜切甘蓝质量变化,以确定最佳保鲜工艺条件。试验结果表明,经优化工艺处理的鲜切甘蓝保鲜期可达到10天以上。 相似文献
7.
以鲜切马铃薯为研究对象,研究不同超声处理对鲜切马铃薯在4℃下贮藏过程中L值、a值、b值、总酚含量、抑制多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性变化。结果表明,超声处理能有效抑制鲜切马铃薯亮度和色度的变化,降低总酚含量,抑制PPO和POD的活性;其中,25℃下300 W超声处理8 min效果最佳。 相似文献
8.
黄振喜 《农产品加工．学刊》2009,(11):53-54,56
鲜切果蔬是一种经分级、整理、挑选、清洗、切分、保鲜、包装而成的即食果蔬制品,通常采用的保鲜方法是热处理、控制pH值、应用抗氧化剂等,只有综合各种不同的保存方法,而且达到相互协同的效应,才能达到长期贮藏的目的。 相似文献
9.
以广东省增城的糖心菠萝为原料,研究了果实的成熟度、切分后紫外线杀菌及抗坏血酸和柠檬酸处理对鲜切菠萝贮藏保鲜期及品质的影响。结果表明,选择适宜成熟度的整果,切分后用质量分数为1%柠檬酸或1%VC+1%柠檬酸浸泡处理,并将切块用紫外线照射杀菌,最后用托盘+保鲜膜包装,可延长鲜切菠萝的贮藏期至6d,较好地保持了糖心菠萝的新鲜品质和风味。 相似文献
10.
一氧化氮对冷藏鲜切桃贮藏品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探究适宜的鲜切桃冷藏条件下抑制褐变的方法,将鲜切"蒙阴"桃分别在清水(对照)、5、10、15μmol/L一氧化氮(NO)溶液中浸泡5 min,并于5℃下贮藏10 d,研究NO对鲜切桃贮藏期间品质的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,NO处理有效延缓了鲜切桃片褐变度的升高以及硬度、L*值、可溶性固形物含量的下降,从而使鲜切桃在贮藏期间保持了较好的外观品质;同时NO处理减低了多酚氧化酶(PPO)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性高峰值,从而降低了褐变程度,提高了鲜切桃超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,抑制了丙二醛(MDA)、活性氧(ROS)和总酚含量的上升,提高了鲜切桃片的贮藏品质,其中以10μmol/L NO保鲜效果最好。由此表明,10μmol/L NO处理是一种较好的抑制鲜切桃褐变的加工方法。 相似文献
11.
12.
Jinhe Bai Eugene A. Mielke Paul M. Chen Robert A. Spotts Maryna Serdani James D. Hansen Lisa G. Neven 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2006,40(3):207-215
A manually operated high-pressure hot-water washing system consisting of a boiler, hot-water mixing tank, contact loop, heat exchanger, spray mixing tank, high-pressure hot-water washing manifold, low-pressure fresh water rinse manifold, and pressure pump was constructed and installed in a packingline. The system developed 20–50 °C washing water at pressures up to 980 kPa. ‘d’Anjou’ pears (Pyrus communis L.), shortly after harvest, and after storage for 3 and 4 months in regular air (RA) or for 4, 7 and 8 months in controlled atmosphere (CA) at −1 °C were washed through the packingline with different wetting agents (0.1% Silwet, 0.01 and 0.1% Defoamer, and water), water pressures (regular and high-pressure (210–980 kPa)), water temperatures (control (tap water, 4–22 °C), 40 °C, and 50 °C), and brushes (soft and firm), respectively. The effect of the washing conditions on fruit quality was investigated after 1 month of storage at −1 °C to simulate shipping condition, and then again after 1 week at 20 °C to simulate marketing condition. Hot-water caused severe heat scald. When nozzle temperature was 50 °C, the incidence of heat scald increased to over 50% for the fruit stored in RA for 3 months. Combined with hot-water, 540 kPa high-pressure washing increased the incidence of friction discoloration. There were lower incidences of friction discoloration and heat scald for fruit stored in CA for 7 months, in comparison to that in RA for 3 months. However, those fruit did not ripen properly as indicated by a high extractable juice content. Fruit washed at harvest had minor incidences of friction discoloration regardless of different brushes, water pressures, and wetting agents. Fruit washed after storages in either 4 months RA or 4 or 8 months CA suffered a high incidence of friction discoloration including scuffing symptoms and pressure marking. The firm brushes caused a higher incidence of friction discoloration mainly because of scuffing symptoms. However, no differences were found between different water pressures and wetting agents with respect to friction discoloration. Fruit stored for 4 months RA suffered 26–28% friction discoloration in comparison to 16–18% in CA stored fruit with firm brush washing. Extended CA storage increased friction discoloration even with soft brush washing. The results suggest that a washing system with high-pressure spray, <30 °C warm water, wetting agent Defoamer and rotating soft brushes were significantly effective in removing surface pests and decay control without causing internal or external damage of fruit. 相似文献
13.
为探究变色期不同晾制温度对雪茄烟叶氮素转化机制的影响，以川雪1号为试验材料，设置4个温度处理(23℃、25℃、27℃和29℃)，测定分析不同处理下的烟叶主要含氮化合物含量及相关酶活性。结果表明，随着变色期晾制温度的增加，烟叶内部硝酸还原酶和亚硝酸还原酶活性呈先升后降的趋势，23℃与29℃温度处理的烟叶酶活性显著降低。随着变色期晾制温度的增加，各处理的硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量呈先降后升的趋势，氨和总挥发碱含量显著降低，蛋白质含量显著升高，其中温度为27℃处理的烟叶内NH4+-N和氨基酸含量显著升高，亚硝酸盐含量显著降低。烟叶内氨转化产物的相关性分析表明，各处理烟叶中的氨与总挥发碱、总氮和蛋白质含量整体呈显著负相关，与NH4+-N和氨基酸含量相关性不显著。当变色期温度控制在27℃时，烟叶内化学成分较协调，烟叶物理特性和感官质量最好，25℃处理次之。综上所述，变色期适宜的晾制温度条件有利于雪茄烟叶品质的提高。 相似文献
14.
利用1988—2020年门源国家基本气象站红柳物候和气温资料,通过相关分析等方法研究红柳叶春、秋季物候期（芽开放期、展叶期、开花期、叶变色期、落叶期）的变化特征及其对气候变化的响应。分析发现：（1）春季物候期呈现提前趋势,开花期提前的趋势最为明显,秋季物候期表现出推迟的趋势。（2）门源红柳平均生长季168天,生长季随时间表现为极显著的延长趋势,变化速率为13 d/10 a。（3）1988—2020年门源县年、季平均气温均呈升高趋势,与全球变暖一致,年平均气温变化的气候倾向率为0.54℃/10 a,32年上升了约1.7℃。（4）红柳春季物候期对气温变化很敏感,气温升高,物候期就提前。（5）1988—2020年期间门源年平均气温、红柳物候期均未发生突变。研究结果表明门源红柳对气候变化响应比较敏感,因此,在祁连山生态脆弱区选用红柳对气候变化响应进行研究,对生态环境监测、治理有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
15.
Mango fruit are exposed to complex postharvest handling management, intended to improve postharvest quality retention during export shipment. Susceptibility to lenticel discoloration and to Alternaria side rots and Phomopsis stem-end rot under current handling conditions led us to re-evaluate and modify the chain of postharvest treatments, from the orchard to the packinghouse. The previously developed hot-water brushing (HWB) treatment was found effective in reducing incidence of Alternaria and stem-end rots, but it significantly induced development of red lenticels. Two factors were key to improving fruit quality, by simultaneously reducing lenticel discoloration and decay development: (a) postharvest water and/or NaOH washes in the orchard, and (b) hot-water spray (HWS) applied over rollers without brushes in the packinghouse. The present results indicate that optimal management involves combinations of water washes in the orchard with packinghouse HWS treatment; this significantly reduced the severity of lenticel discoloration by 50–60%, and the incidence and extent of postharvest side rots caused by Alternaria by 60% or more. These results indicate that appropriate handling of fruit can appreciably improve their quality during prolonged storage and shipment. 相似文献
16.
Fungal isolations and fungicide efficacy trials were carried out to determine the possible causes of discoloration in oat groats and potential control measures. Alternaria species and Microdochium nivale were isolated from field samples, and Fusarium poae was found in glasshouse tests. Symptoms could be induced reliably in the field through the use of a mist irrigation system. The cultivar ‘Gerald’ was most resistant followed by ‘Jalna’. Cultivar ‘Image’ was most severely affected by discoloration and ‘Millennium’ was of intermediate susceptibility. None of the 28 fungicide‐timing combinations used in the field trials affected the occurrence of discoloured groats. It was concluded that the best strategy for minimizing risk of discoloured groats would be screening new cultivars or breeding material in mist‐irrigated field trials for genetically based resistance. 相似文献
17.
Soo-Jin Kwon Sang-Nag Ahn Eung-Gee Jeong Yong-Hee Jeon Hung-Goo Hwang Hae-Chune Choi Huhn-Pal Moon 《Euphytica》2002,128(3):389-396
The present study was carried out to evaluate genetic divergence among eleven japonica rice cultivars and to assess the relationship between genetic distance and hybrid performance in partial non-reciprocal crosses
among them. The 44 F1 hybrids along with the eleven parents were evaluated for five cold tolerance-related traits; discoloration
at seedling stage, days to heading, culm length, fertility, and spikelets per panicle in a cold water screening nursery (17
°C). The eleven parents were examined for DNA polymorphism using amplified fragment length polymorphisms(AFLPs). A total of
855 polymorphic variants were generated and based on the polymorphism data, genetic distances (GDs) ranged from 0.023 to0.524.
Very little heterosis was observed in hybrids for most of the traits,whereas heterosis was high for fertility. The correlation
values of GDs with F1 performance were mostly non-significant except for discoloration and fertility. The correlations of
GDs with mid-parent and better-parent heterosis were not significant and proved to be of no predictive value. Our results
indicate that GDs based on AFLP markers are not useful for predicting heterosis for cold tolerance in japonica hybrids.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
18.
The main problem affecting the quality of fresh-cut sunchoke tubers is cut surface discoloration. Pre- and post-cutting hot water and ethanol treatments were evaluated for their potential to inhibit discoloration, color changes, and associated phenolic metabolism in tuber slices stored in air at 5 °C. Some of the treatments tested inhibited discoloration and changes in a* and hue color values. Slices that were post-cut treated with hot water at 50 °C for 6–8 min or 55 °C for 3–4 min and pre-cut treated with water at 50 °C for 20–25 min maintained good color for 8–12 days at 5 °C. Post-cut ethanol fumigation (150–750 μL/L for 5 h at 5 °C) can prevent discoloration for 30 d at 5 °C. Post-cut dips with ethanol solutions (3, 5, 8 or 10% for 5 min) increased shelf-life twofold or longer compared to untreated slices. Ethanol fumigation retarded the onset of wound-induced respiration rates as well as reducing maximum rates. A post-cut 10% ethanol dip also reduced respiration rates and reduced PAL activity and total phenolics. Ethanol dips had no effect and hot water treatments had no persistent effect on microbial loads over 12 d. 相似文献
19.
Summary The vase-life in tulip (Tulipa L.) is an important character. Research was done on the possibilities of selecting for keeping quality. It was found that the keeping quality of undetached flowers was strongly correlated with the keeping quality of cut flowers at 17°C in a glasshouse. The period from flowering date till 50% discoloration appeared to be highly correlated with days to perianth drop. For practical reasons the latter trait has preference in selection work. The number of days to discoloration is also an effective selection criterion. Flower longevity in the field in April/May and in the glasshouse were significantly correlated; thus, already in the field a first selection on keeping quality can be carried out. The increase in height for flowering (adult) and non-flowering (juvenile) plants during forcing did not appear to be significantly correlated with flower longevity, so preselection on this character is not promising. Flower longevity was positively correlated with forcing period. This poses some problems in selection, as a long forcing period is considered an undesirable character. The daily water uptake of cut flowers was significantly correlated with flower longevity. 相似文献