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1.
Universal RAPD primers (OPA02 and OPA07) have been revealed for ladybird beetles of the Coccinellidae family. Using these primers, comparative PCR analysis of ten different ladybird beetle species was conducted. It was shown that Harmonia axyridis beetle species had the highest level of DNA polymorphism and genetic diversity. The RAPD-PCR method for analysis of interspecies differences along with other molecular genetics methods can be used.  相似文献   

2.
In recent years, fresh fruits and vegetables have been linked to numerous foodborne illness outbreaks in different regions of the world. In Syria, there is not a lot of research that study E. coli and its serotypes by PCR technology. In this study, we have fulfilled a total count of bacteria, the census total coliform group, and Escherichia coli, as well as the serotype E. coli O157:H7 on some leafy greens (Spinacia oleracea, Beta vulgaris) irrigated by Aleppo River. The molecular characterization was done for ten strains of E. coli isolated from collected samples. The samples were inoculated on blood agar and suspicious colonies, then transferred to EMB and MacConkey agar using a primer (COL 1) in RAPD technic. Molecular characterization also performed ten strains of serotype E. coli O157:H7 isolated in medium (Sorbitol-MacCONKEY Agar), then by primers (OPA-03, OPA-13 OPC-12, OPE-20) in RAPD technic. The results showed significant differences between collected samples. The total count of bacteria in the first site (Handarat) for spinach and chard were the lowest, but in the fourth site (Jezraya) it was the highest among all samples. The results showed also the existence of E. coli in all sites except the first one in riverbed Handarat, and E. coli O157:H7 was found only in Jezraya village. Extracted DNA from samples was amplified by RAPD. after electrophoresis in the gel agarose, eleven different bands were detected from isolated strains of E. coli. These results refer to the great genetic diversity of Escherichia coli. For serotype E. coli O157:H7 thirty-four different bands were detected. RAPD analysis had the high discriminatory capacity for typing E. coli isolates. Because of its simplicity and rapidity, RAPD analysis appears to be a highly valuable tool for studying E. coli molecular epidemiology.  相似文献   

3.
It was shown that crown gall is a chronic disease of the grapevine caused by agrobacteria. The disease causes significant damage to the viticulture industry in Krasnodar Territory. The causative agent of crown gall in the vineyards of this region was identified and studied using the polymerase chain reaction method. Young tumor formations found on grape plants in different areas of Krasnodar Territory were analyzed. The presence of agrobacteria of species Agrobacterium vitis differing in the type of Ti-plasmid (oktopine, nopaline, or vitopine) were detected by using test-systems for Agrobacterium-mediated genes (pehA, virF, and virD2).  相似文献   

4.
Two successive genotypings (in 2014 and 2017) of the leptin gene (LEP) by the R25C and Y7F loci were conducted in the herd of the Ayrshire cattle of the Niva Farm of Krasnodar Krai in order to study the influence of polymorphism of these loci on the duration of the economic use. DNA samples (n = 154) isolated from blood of animals with different periods of economic use have been analyzed. The need for genotyping in 2017 arose because of the ambiguous interpretation of the findings obtained in 2014. A higher frequency of occurrence of the RR genotype of the LEP in the group of long-livers could be explained both by better preservation of animals with the RR genotype and by random gene drift (in particular, by larger share of breeder bulls, the carriers of the R allele). It was found that, as in 2014, a group of long-liver cows genotyped in 2017 differed from the group of young cows genotyped in 2014 in the occurrence frequency of the RR genotype, which was doubled. Consequently, regardless of the experimental conditions, animals of this particular group may have a longer productive life. It has also been established that the polymorphism at the Y7F locus does not have a significant effect on the duration of the economic use of the Ayrshire cows.  相似文献   

5.
The aim of this paper is to study effects of GH and DGAT1 gene polymorphisms on feeding qualities of Hereford and Limousin bull calves bred in conditions of the Cis-Ural steppe zone. SNPs of genes GH and DGAT1 are investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The studied population of animals was assessed by defining the allele frequency and animal genotype occurrence for the studied gene SNPs, indicators of the actual and expected heterozygosity, and Pearson’s test. A study of polymorphism C214G of gene GH revealed that genotype LL prevails in Hereford and Limousin animals, 47.37 and 57.7%, respectively, while frequency of allele L is higher in Limousin bull calves (0.731). A study of polymorphism K232A of gene DGAT1 gene in both the populations showed absence of genotypes AA, which can be related to the low number of the studied animals. Expected heterozygosity indicators of gene GH are higher than the observed ones, and the observed heterozygosity is higher for DGAT1. The number of efficient alleles for the studied genes is higher for Hereford bull calves. In general, according to Pearson’s test, both the studied populations are in equilibrium. There is a significant effect of GH gene polymorphism on live weight gain rates at the end of sagination and total and average daily weight gains during animal raising.  相似文献   

6.
Plantago ovata, commonly called as the 'desert Indian wheat' is a cultivated and economically important plant of the genus Plantago, a large genus containing ~200 species. It yields Psyllium (Isabgol) which has several health benefits and applications in pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries. In view of the genetic uniformity, detection of variability has remained a challenge in this species as the plant lacks inherent variability and has a narrow genetic base. During the present study, Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was used to determine genetic relationship and detect whatever little hidden variation exists in this species and some of its wild allies. Limited genetic variability was observed in P. ovata whereas; extensive genetic variability was seen in its wild allies. The genetic distances among different accessions of P. ovata and different species of Plantago, were used to generate a dendrogram.  相似文献   

7.
By means of DNA markers of potato golden nematode resistance genes H1 and Gro1, 109 Russian- and foreign-bred potato varieties are assessed. A sufficiently high level of coincidence of the presence of marker alleles with phenotypic resistance of potato varieties is revealed. However, not all resistant forms have specific amplification products. The use of DNA markers of only two genes H1 and Gro1 will not make it possible to completely replace mass laboratory testing, but it will make it possible to select potato forms resistant to this parasite by a simple and reliable method in a shorter time and thereby to considerably reduce the number of genotypes in the sample for further breeding.  相似文献   

8.
Seven microsatellite loci were evaluated to compare the allele pool of Primorsky honeybee population (n = 90), which was introduced into the Novosibirsk region (south-western Siberia), with the populations of Middle Russian (n = 191, A.m. mellifera), Mountain Grey Caucasian (n =113, A.m. caucasica), Carniolan (n = 61, A.m. carnica) and Carpathian (n = 184, A.m. carpatica) races. The degree of genetic differentiation in Novosibirsk population using a variety of criteria (Fst, Rst (AMOVA), Nei genetic distances) was evaluated.  相似文献   

9.
The results of molecular genetic analysis of wild species and varieties of genus Malus Mill. for loci of monogenic scab resistance are presented. Dominant allele of gene Rvi6 was identified in varieties of M. robusta 43199, M. hupehensis, and M. floribunda. Locus Rvi4 was detected in genotypes of M. robusta v. persicifolia, M. asiatica 2343, M. sieversii 13280, M. niedzwetzkyana 13279, M. purpurea 2392, M. orientalis 41623, M. orientalis 29476, M. orientalis 29 460, M. spectabilis v. albi plena, and M. spectabilis v. rubra plena. Gene Rvi5 in the test collection of wild species is absent.  相似文献   

10.
The species composition of fungi from the genus Fusarium was studied, and the frequency of occurrence on cereals was determined. Populations of Fusarium spp. were represented by widespread species F. culmorum, F. heterosporum, F. sporotrichioides, F. oxysporum, F. nivale, F. graminearum, F. avenacеum, F. gibbosum, F. sambucinum, F. moniliforme, etc. The dynamics and frequency of occurrence of Fusarium spp. has made it possible to characterize the state of the species of fungi in a wide range of climatic areas of cereal cultivation in the Russian regions. The prevalence of the genus Fusarium was caused by the cultivars’ susceptibility to micromycetes. The frequency of occurrence of Fusarium species isolated from roots was steady, and, on the ears, it depended on the influence of weather conditions during the growing season of plants. The study of the intraspecific variability of fungi from the genus Fusarium has revealed a significant difference in signs of toxicity and pathogenicity depending on biotic and abiotic factors. More than 50% of strains from the genus Fusarium possessed low pathogenicity but had severe toxicity to wheat seedlings. Most strains of F. sporotrichiodes, F. culmorum, and F. sambucinum were highly pathogenic (from 36.4 to 55.6%) and toxic (from 55.6 to 81.3%). High adaptability to preservation in the soil and on the roots of weeds and crop residues of most crops expressing pathogenic and toxic activity was conductive to the widespread Fusarium spp.  相似文献   

11.
以高抗 SMV1号黑农 39和高感 SMV1号合丰 2 5的两个亲本材料为试材 ,进行了大豆抗SMV1号的 RAPD分析。结果表明 ,在所用的 86个随机引物中 ,引物 OPN11、OPR10 、OPT15、OPT0 6、OPE14 、 OPA0 4、 OPB0 1、 OPB0 2 等 8个随机引物扩增产物中有差异谱带。  相似文献   

12.
Genotyping for locus PGR (progesterone receptor gene) of the Holstein servicing bulls (World Wide Sires) was carried out. The frequencies of alleles and genotypes of this locus are given. Significant (P < 0.05) superiority of the homozygous genotype AA of locus PGR was found in relation to the heterozygous genotype AG for several economically valuable traits: PTAM (predicted transmitting ability for milk, 380 points), PL (productive life, by 1.3 months), and FE (feed cost–feeding efficiency index, 37 points). Significant superiority (P < 0.05) of the homozygous genotype GG over the heterozygous genotype AG for the PL trait was also found, by 1.2 months. The obtained data can be used for marker-dependent breeding.  相似文献   

13.
The results are obtained by simultaneous diagnostics of mutant CV- and BL-alleles. Five groups of animals–carriers and noncarriers of mutations are identified. In Russia the mutant CV-alleles are met more frequently because of the intensive use of their carriers. While elimination of BL-allele was started earlier due to developed methods, the diagnostics of CV-mutations has been undertaken later. Propagation of missense-mutations in the world and the Russian Federation has been occurring through the breeding bulls and cows–carriers. Initially spermobanks and, afterwards, cows were reserves for the diagnosed BLand CV-mutations.  相似文献   

14.
Genotyping of the leptin gene locus (LEP) (SNP: R25C, Y7F, and A80V) has been performed in the animals from two groups in the Holstein cattle herd. Groups 1 and 2 included the fourth to seventh lactation cows and the heifers, respectively. The objective of the surveys was to study the Holstein cattle polymorphisms of the leptin gene associated with the productive longevity according to the related literature data. It has been ascertained that the LEP gene (SNP: R25C, Y7F, and A80V) polymorphism in the Holstein animals determines the certain breed characteristics that can be used for introduction to marker assisted selection. (Particularly, a low (0.04–0.15) frequency of occurrence of the F allele is typical for the LEP-Y7F SNP; as for SNP LEP-A80V, a low frequency of occurrence (0–0.14) is typical for the homozygous animals with the VV genotype when compared to a rather high frequency of occurrence (0.36–0.45) in the heterozygous animals).  相似文献   

15.
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16.
The present studies have shown Laurus nobilis L. to be a drought tolerant species. When the plant was first subjected to dehydration, the rate of net photosynthesis decreased from Pn = (8–10) to –1 μmol/(m2 s) and to –3 μmol/(m2 s) during the second dehydration before it was subsequently irrigated. The rewatering on August 5 and August 8 promoted a sharp burst of this parameter, but the Pn value was restored to its original level only after August 8. Soil drought caused a drop in a rate of transpiration from 65–70 to 10 mg/(m2 s). Watering soil up to a 15% moisture level brought an increase in E = 25 mg/(m2 s), but only the second watering managed to fully restore it to the initial value. Apical growth of the plants was closely correlated with soil moisture. As the soil moisture was reduced to W = 15–5%, the terminal growth reached a saturation point and started to plateau. Watering the soil up to W = 15% promoted apical growth by 4 mm. Reducing soil moisture to W = 3–4% caused a complete cessation of the growth. Subsequent watering to W = 27–28% led to a gradual and complete recovery of turgor and an increase in the growth rate up to 6–8 mm per day. The surface response functions Pn = f(I, W) and E = f(I, W) allowed us to determine conditions and levels of potential maximums and boundaries of the areas of optimum photosynthesis and transpiration: optimum Pn = 8–9 μmol/(m2 s) with I = 900–1400 μmol/(m2 s) and W = 17–24% and the optimum E = 25–35 mg/(m2 s) with I = 1000–1400 μmol/(m2 s) and W = 16–24%.  相似文献   

17.
3种黄鳝遗传多样性分析   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2  
为更好地保护和开发利用黄鳝资源,从40个随机引物中选取30个重复性好、扩增稳定的随机引物,应用RAPD技术对黄鳝属中产自缅甸的山黄鳝、印度尼西亚的穴黄鳝、中国黄鳝的DNA进行遗传多样性分析。共检测到315个位点,3种黄鳝种群间的多态位点比例为85．08％,遗传多样性指数为0．1575．DPS2003种群遗传分析软件包分析显示,3种黄鳝种群间的遗传距离为0．7103,相似度系数为0．2897,表明3种黄鳝都具有较高的遗传变异．  相似文献   

18.
The ionic composition of the of the intracellular content of the alcohol yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae R. 1039 biomass was studied for confirmation of their use perspectiveness as a mediator to enable the management the mineral content of food in the manufacture of food and feed additives. The ionic composition of the obtained extracts were identified using the method of capillary electrophoresis. It is found that the quantitative ion content in the cell extracts depends on the concentration of the nutrient medium. When the yeast S. cerevisiae R. 1039 was cultivated on the medium with the soluble solids concentration of 30%, the intracellular ion content in the extracts was 1.3 times higher than when the yeast was cultivated on 12% wort by increasing the concentration of chlorides, sulfates, formates, potassium ions, and calcium. The yield of the yeast S. cerevisiae R. 1039 biomass increased 1.6 times per unit of volume of the medium with increase of the soluble solids concentrations from 12% to 30%.  相似文献   

19.
The aim of this study was to determine the accumulation of antioxidants at аn early stage of development of organs of P. incarnata L. plants grown in greenhouses (medicinal aromatic plants were used for comparison), as well as to evaluate the effect of biostimulant Albit. The use of amperometric and biochemical methods made it possible to measure and evaluate the total antioxidant content in aqueous extracts of leaves of aromatic plants with sedative effects compared to aqueous extracts of P. incarnata L. leaves. The latter are characterized by a lower level of antioxidant accumulation. Seed treatment with biostimulant Albit and foliar treatment of aerial parts of the P. incarnata L. plant increased the total antioxidant content and the content of carotenoids, chlorophylls a and b, and the yield of aerial parts of the plant by 10–15%. The findings suggest that the P. incarnata L. plants grown in greenhouses can be used to create antioxidant herbal remedies.  相似文献   

20.
平胸龟2个地理种群遗传差异的比较   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
利用25个随机引物对平胸龟2个种群共49个个体分别进行PCR扩增,结果显示:平均每个个体扩增出209条DNA带,平均每个引物可产生8条带,扩增谱带分子质量大小在100～2000 bp之间,多态性比例为72.13%.其中12条引物扩增出16个特异于不同种群的DNA片段,可作为鉴别广东或福建种群的分子标记.用RAPD1.04和Genepop3.2软件分析所得谱带,得出广东、福建2个地理种群的平胸龟具有较高的遗传多样性,且广东种群的遗传多样性高于福建种群.2个种群间的平均遗传距离为0.278 6±0.025 9,遗传分化指数Gst为0.285 7.NJTREE聚类分析显示广东和福建2个地区的平胸龟各自聚成2个类群,有较明显的种群分化.  相似文献   

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