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1.
Selection for soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) rich in isoflavones, protein and oil has been difficult due to negative genetic interrelationships. In this study, genetic interrelationships among seed isoflavones and protein and oil contents were evaluated using both unconditional and conditional QTL mapping. Daidzein (DZ), genistein (GT), glycitein (GC) and total isoflavone (TI) contents were analysed in F5:6, F5:7 and F5:8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between ‘Zhongdou 27’(TI 3791 μg/g; protein content 42.84%; oil content 18.73%) and ‘Jiunong 20’ (TI 2061 μg/g; protein content 34.05%; oil content 21.42%). When DZ, GT, GC and TI were analysed for their genetic relationships with protein or oil contents, eight conditional QTL were detected, which included DZ|pro, GC|pro, GT|pro, TI|pro, DZ|oil, GC|oil, GT|oil and TI|oil. Seventeen QTL that had significant genetic associations between seed isoflavone, and seed protein or oil contents were found, including two for DZ conditioned on protein (qDZ|proK‐1, qDZ|proF‐2); one for GC conditioned on protein (qGC|proM‐1); three for GT conditioned on protein (qGT|proM‐1, qGT|proA2‐1, qGT|proL‐1); three for TI conditioned on protein (qTI|proM‐1, qTI|proA2‐1, qTI|proF‐2); one for DZ conditioned on oil (qDZ∣oil K_1); one for GC conditioned on oil (qGC∣oilI_1); four for GT conditioned on oil (qGT∣oil A2_1, qGT∣oil F_1, qGTF_2, qGT∣oilD2_1); three for TI conditioned on oil (qTI∣oilA2‐1, qTI∣oilE‐1, qTI∣oilL‐1). Few epistatic interactions among loci were detected. These loci may be valuable for improving seed isoflavone, protein and oil contents.  相似文献   

2.
Soybean pod borer (SPB) (Leguminivora glycinivorella (Mats.) Obraztsov) causes severe loss of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) seed yield and quality in some regions of the world, especially in north‐eastern China, Japan and Russia. Isoflavones in soybean seed play a crucial role in plant resistance to diseases and pests. The aim of this study was to find whether SPB resistance QTL are associated with soybean seed isoflavone content. A cross was made between ‘Zhongdou 27’ (higher isoflavone content) and ‘Jiunong 20’ (lower isoflavone content). One hundred and twelve F5:10 recombinant inbred lines were derived through single‐seed descent. A plastic‐net cabinet was used to cover the plants in early August, and thirty SPB moths per square metre were put in to infest the soybean green pods. The results indicated that the percentage of seeds damaged by SPB was positively correlated with glycitein content (GC), whereas it was negatively correlated with genistein (GT), daidzein (DZ) and total isoflavone content (TI). Four QTL underlying SPB damage to seeds were identified and the phenotypic variation for SPB resistance explained by the four QTL ranged from 2% to 14% on chromosomes Gm7, 10, 13 and 17. Moreover, eleven QTL underlying isoflavone content were identified, and ten of them were encompassed within the same four marker intervals as the SPB QTL (BARC‐Satt208‐Sat292, Satt144‐Sat074, Satt540‐Sat244 and Satt345‐Satt592). These QTL could be useful in marker‐assisted selection for breeding soybean cultivars with both SPB resistance and high seed isoflavone content.  相似文献   

3.
The mass accumulation in the developing soybean seed has been shown to be a dynamic process with various rates at different filling stages. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying seed filling rate of soybean. 143 recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross of Charleston and Dongnong 594 were used to obtain field data in 2004 and 2005. In present study, one genetic linkage map including 164 SSR markers and 35 RAPD markers was constructed using 143 F5 derived RILs from the cross between Charleston and Dongnong 594 (data not shown). The order of most markers is consistent with Song et al. (Theor Appl Genet 109: 122?C128, 2004). The average number of markers on each linkage group was 9.7 with an average length of 153.36?cM. Twenty-nine unconditional QTL underlying seed filling rate at different developmental stages were mapped onto fourteen linkage groups. The phenotypic variation of seed filling rate explained by these unconditional QTL ranged from 4.29 to 33.3?%. Thirty-nine conditional QTL underlying seed filling rate were mapped onto sixteen linkage groups. The phenotypic variation explained by these conditional QTL ranged from 4.47 to 25.03?%. The locations, numbers, genetic effects and types of QTL for seed filling rate were different at each seed developmental stage. Genotype by environment interaction effects among QTL related to seed filling rate were observed. In addition, several genomic regions that influenced seed filling rate were detected.  相似文献   

4.
Soybean seed oil was valued in foods, animal feed and some industrial applications. Molecular marker‐assisted selection (MAS) for high‐oil‐content cultivars was an important method for soybean breeders. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) and epistatic QTL underlying the seed oil content of soybeans across two backcross (BC) populations (with one common male parent ‘Dongnong47’) and two different environments. Two molecular genetic maps were constructed. They encompassed 1046.8 cM [with an average distance of 6.75 cM in the ‘Dongnong47’  ×  ‘Jiyu89’ (DJ) population] and 846.10 cM [with an average distance of 5.76 cM in the ‘Dongnong47’  ×  ‘Zaoshu18’ (DZ) population]. Nine and seven QTL were identified to be associated with oil content in the DJ and DZ populations, respectively. The phenotypic variation explained by most of the QTL was usually less than 10%. Among the identified QTL, those stable ones across multiple environments and populations often had stronger additive effects. In addition, three stable QTL in the DZ populations were identified in the similar genomic region of the three QTL in the DJ population [qDJE and qDZE‐1 were located near Satt151 of Chromosome 15 (Chr15), qDJA1 and qDZA1 were located near Satt200 of Chr15 (LG A1), and qDJD2‐1 and qDZD2‐1 were located near Sat365 of Chr17]. In conclusion, MAS will be able more effectively to combine beneficial alleles of the different donors to design new genotypes with higher soybean seed oil content using the BC populations.  相似文献   

5.
Soybean is one of the most important crops worldwide for its protein and oil as well as the health beneficial phytoestrogens or isoflavone. This study reports a relatively dense single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)‐based genetic map based on ‘Hamilton’ by ‘Spencer’ recombinant inbred line population and quantitative trait loci (QTL) for seed isoflavone contents. The genetic map is composed of 1502 SNP markers and covers about 1423.72 cM of the soybean genome. Two QTL for seed isoflavone contents have been identified in this population. One major QTL that controlled both daidzein (qDZ1) and total isoflavone contents (qTI1) was found on LG C2 (Chr 6). And a second QTL for glycitein content (qGT1) was identified on the LG G (Chr 18). These two QTL in addition to others identified in soybean could be used in soybean breeding to optimize isoflavone content. This newly assembled soybean linkage map is a useful tool to identify and map QTL for important agronomic traits and enhance the identification of the genes involved in these traits.  相似文献   

6.
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7.
Quantitative trait loci for agronomic traits in soybean   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
There continues to be improvement in seed yields of soybean by conventional breeding, but molecular techniques may provide faster genetic gains. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with the agronomic traits seed yield, lodging, plant height, seed filling period and plant maturity in soybean. To achieve this objective, 101 F6‐derived recombinant inbred lines (RIL) from a population developed from a cross of N87‐984‐16 × TN93‐99 were used. Experiments were conducted in six environments during 2002–2003. Heritability estimates on an entry mean basis from data combined across environments ranged from 0.12 to 0.65 for seed yield and seed filling period, respectively. Composite interval mapping detected one QTL for yield (near Satt076), two for lodging (near Satt225 and Satt593) and four for maturity (near Satt263, Satt292, Satt293 and Satt591) in this population. Additional environmentally sensitive QTL for these traits, and for seed filling period and plant height are also reported. The QTL associated with agronomic traits that we report and the recently released germplasm (PI 636460) from this population may be useful in soybean breeding programmes.  相似文献   

8.
Seed protein content at the harvest stage is the sum of protein accumulation during seed filling. The aim of our investigation was to identify loci underlying the filling rate of seed protein at different developmental stages. To this end, we used 143 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross of soybean cultivars ‘Charleston’ and ‘Dongnong 594’ and composite interval mapping with a mixed genetic model. The genotype × environment interactions of the quantitative trait loci (QTL) were also evaluated. Thirty-nine unconditional QTL underlying the filling rate of seed protein at five developmental stages were mapped onto 14 linkage groups. The proportion of phenotypic variation explained by these QTL ranged from 4.88 to 26.05%. Thirty-eight conditional QTL underlying the filling rate of seed protein were mapped onto 16 linkage groups. The proportion of phenotypic variation explained by these QTL ranged from 1.87 to 31.34%. The numbers and types of QTL and their genetic effects on the filling rate of seed protein were different at each developmental stage. A G × E interaction effect was observed for some QTL.  相似文献   

9.
The oil accumulation in the developing soybean seed has been shown to be a dynamic process with different rates and activities at different phases affected by both genotype and environment. The objective of the present study was to investigate additive, epistatic and quantitative trait loci (QTL) × environment interaction (QE) effects of the QTL controlling oil filling rate in soybean seed. A total of 143 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross of Charleston and Dongnong 594 were used in this study to obtain 2 years of field data (2004 and 2005). A total of 26 QTL with significantly unconditional and conditional additive (a) effect and/or additive × environment interaction (ae) effect at different filling stages were identified on 14 linkage groups. Among the QTL with significant a effects, 18 QTL showed positive effects and 6 QTL had negative effects on seed filling rate of oil content during seed development. A total of 29 epistatic pairwise QTL underlying seed filling rate were identified at different filling stages. About 28 pairs of the QTL showed additive × additive epistatic (aa) effects and 14 pairs of the QTL showed aa × environment interaction (aae) effects at different filling stages. QTL with aa and aae (additive × additive × environment) effects appeared to vary at different filling stages. Our results demonstrated that oil filling rate in soybean seed were under genetic, developmental and environmental control.  相似文献   

10.
Flowering is an important stage in plant development and crucial for adaptation of plant species to different environments. Two soybean mapping populations were used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for days to flowering (DF) and days to maturity (DM) by genotyping simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Single-factor analysis of variance detected association of phenotypic data with SSR markers in each population. DF QTLs were identified on four chromosomes (chrs.); two QTLs located on chrs. 2 and 13 with Satt041 and Satt206 in the Jinpumkong 2 × SS2-2 population and other two DF QTLs were detected on chrs. 6 and 19 with Satt100 and Satt373 in the Iksannamulkong × SS2-2 population. The major QTLs associated with Satt100 explained 30.3% of maximum phenotypic variation. Especially, all DF QTLs included QTLs for DM, except Satt206 on chr. 13. Moreover, two additional DM QTLs were mapped on chrs. 10 and 11 with Satt243 and Satt359, respectively. DF QTL on chr. 2 with Satt041 was the newly identified QTL only in the Jinpumkong 2 × SS2-2 population and explained 10.3% of the phenotypic variation. The single locus of Satt100 on chr. 6 and Satt373 on chr. 19 were located on soybean genomic regions of the known flowering gene loci E1 and E3, respectively. These population-specific QTLs (Satt100 and Satt373) are the major QTLs for flowering time, putatively, they may be related to maturity QTLs with large effect. Additionally, these QTLs are valuable for marker-assisted approaches and could be widely adopted by soybean breeders.  相似文献   

11.
大豆株高QTL发育动态分析   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10  
应用分子遗传连锁图谱和条件QTL定位方法对性状进行动态分析是发育遗传学新的研究方法。采用来自Charleston ×东农594的143个重组自交系（RILs），构建了一个20条连锁群的大豆分子遗传连锁图谱，以此为基础，采用复合区间作图法共定位了28个显著影响株高发育的非条件QTL，以条件分析方法和复合区间作图法相结合定位了21个影响株高发育的条件QTL。不同发育时期显著影响株高的QTL数目和遗传效应的变化，说明控制株高发育的数量基因位点是选择性表达的。因此，进行标记辅助选择时综合考虑不同发育时期表达的QTL，才能取得较好的效果。  相似文献   

12.
Summary We studied the genetic basis of isoflavone content inheritance in soybean seeds. The progenitors BARC-8 (low isoflavone content), IAC-100 (high isoflavone content), the F1 and F2 populations derived from reciprocal crosses, and backcross populations were analyzed for isoflavone content and composition. Six isoflavones were detected: daidzin (DZ), genistin (GT), glycitin (GC), malonyldaidzin (MDZ), malonylgenistin (MGT) and malonylglycitin (MGC). DZ, GT, MDZ and MGT contents were influenced by the cytoplasm and the nuclear genes of the maternal parent. For this reason, a genetic model was considered that included the cytoplasmic effect and epistasis between nuclear and cytoplasmic genes. Except for GT, the additive effect was the most important one. For GT content the cytoplasmic effect was the most important. Except for MDZ, the epistatic effects were significant for all the isoflavone forms. Our data indicate that genetic improvement for these traits should explore the additive genetic variances in superior lines or the cytoplasmic effect and the epistatic interactions between cytoplasmic and nuclear genes to obtain the largest selection gains.  相似文献   

13.
Association analysis studies can be used to test for associations between molecular markers and quantitative trait loci (QTL). In this study, a genome-wide scan was performed using 150 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to identify QTL associated with seed protein content in soybean. The initial mapping population consisted of two subpopulations of 48 germplasm accessions each, with high or low protein levels based on data from the USDA’s Germplasm Resources Information Network website. Intrachromosomal LD extended up to 50 cM with r 2 > 0.1 and 10 cM with r 2 > 0.2 across the accessions. An association map consisting of 150 markers was constructed on the basis of differences in allele frequency distributions between the two subpopulations. Eleven putative QTL were identified on the basis of highly significant markers. Nine of these are in regions where protein QTL have been mapped, but the genomic regions containing Satt431 on LG J and Satt551 on LG M have not been reported in previous linkage mapping studies. Furthermore, these new putative protein QTL do not map near any QTL known to affect maturity. Since biased population structure was known to exist in the original association analysis population, association analyses were also conducted on two similar but independent confirmation populations. Satt431 and Satt551 were also significant in those analyses. These results suggest that our association analysis approach could be a useful alternative to linkage mapping for the identification of unreported regions of the soybean genome containing putative QTL.  相似文献   

14.
大豆油的品质取决于脂肪酸各组分在大豆中的比例, 为发掘控制大豆5种脂肪酸含量的数量性状位点(QTL), 利用冀豆12和黑豆重组自交系群体构建遗传图谱, 采用Windows QTL Cartographer 2.5和QTL Network-2.0软件的CIM和MCIM法对大豆5种脂肪酸组分进行数量性状定位。结果表明,在石家庄和三亚各环境下共检测到16个QTL, 位于连锁群A2、B2、C2、F、G、I、L上。对2个环境联合分析, 检测到13个QTL, 其中9个用2种方法被检测到, 但这13个位点与环境互作的贡献率明显小于加性效应。其中在B2连锁群Satt168~Satt556控制硬脂酸的QTL Ste-1在河北石家庄和海南三亚均能被检测到, 贡献率均为12%, 在双尾群体和间隔挑选群体中也能检测到控制硬脂酸的QTL Ste-1, 说明这一QTL稳定存在于本组合群体中, 为今后大豆硬脂酸的QTL精细定位奠定了基础。  相似文献   

15.
Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) underlying reproductive growth stages are important for molecular breeding of soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Most of these QTLs identified so far derived from a single environment, and thus may be influenced by specific environmental conditions. In this study (from 2004 to 2005), analysis of QTLs underlying the period to reach a given reproductive growth stage was performed in three different environments (Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China). QTL analysis was achieved with a recombination inbred line (RIL) population consisting of 153 lines. The RIL population derived from a cross between an American semi-dwarf cultivar (cv. Charleston) and a Chinese line with a short growth stage (cv. Dongnong 594). The growth stage data of soybean was recorded for each day. QTLs for all eight reproductive growth stages of soybean (R1 to R8) were analyzed by a composite interval mapping method combined with a mixed genetic model. Fifty-four QTLs displayed main effects and 56 QTL pairs showed epistatic effects. Two marker intervals (Satt173–Satt581, Satt402–Satt267), located on the linkage group O and D1a respectively, strongly influenced plant developmental processes during reproductive growth stages. The findings of this study open the possibility to modulate the structure of soybean growth stages by marker-assisted selection and pyramiding QTL analysis. H.-M. Qiu and D.-W. Xin contributed equally to this work.  相似文献   

16.
基于元分析的大豆生育期QTL的整合   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  
共搜集整理了12年来已经报道的与大豆生育期有关的98个QTL,通过BioMercator2.1和公共标记映射整合到大豆公共遗传连锁图谱soymap2上,并利用元分析技术推断QTL位置,计算提取真正有效的QTL。发掘出大豆两个重要生育时期,共9个“真实QTL”及其连锁标记,其中与开花期(R1)相关的有7个,与成熟期(R8)相关的有2个,建立了QTL的一致性图谱,其中L连锁群上的一个定位区间包含一个已发表的有关R1的基因。在5个连锁群上共发现10个控制多个生育时期的QTL。本研究结果为大豆生育期QTL精细定位和基因克隆奠定了基础。  相似文献   

17.
Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) pod borer (Leguminivora glycinivorella (Mats.) Obraztsov) (SPB) results in severe loss in soybean yield and quality in certain regions of the world, especially in Northeastern China, Japan and Russia. The aim here was to evaluate the inheritance of pod borer resistance and to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying SPB resistance for the acceleration of the control of this pest. Used were the 129 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of the F5:6 derived population from ‘Dong Nong 1068’ × ‘Dong Nong 8004’ and 131 SSR markers. Correlations between the percentage of damaged seeds (PDS) by pod borer and plant, pod and seed traits that were potentially related to SPB resistance were analyzed. The results showed highly significant correlations between PDS by pod borer and plant height (PH), maturity date (MA), pod color (PC), pubescence density (PB), 100-seed weight (SW) and protein content existed. Soybeans with dwarf stem, light color of pod coat, small seeds, lower density of pubescence, early maturity and low content of protein seemed to have higher resistance to SPB. The correlated traits had potential to inhibit egg deposition and thereby to decrease the damage by SPB. Three QTL directly associated with the resistance to SPB judged by PDS at harvest were identified. qRspb-1 (Satt541–Satt253) and qRspb-2 (Satt253–Satt314) were both on linkage group (LG) H and qRspb-3 (Satt288–Satt199) on LG G. The three QTL explained 10.96, 9.73 and 11.59% of the phenotypic variation for PDS, respectively. In addition, 12 QTL that underlay 10 of 13 traits potentially related with SPB resistance were found. These QTL detected jointly provide potential for marker assisted selection to improve cultivar resistance to SPB. Guiyun Zhao, Jian Wang, and Yingpeng Han have equal contribution to the paper.  相似文献   

18.
小麦GMP含量发育动态的QTL定位   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  
利用小麦京771和Pm97034杂交后代重组自交系（RIL）群体,对小麦谷蛋白大聚合体（GMP）含量发育动态进行了QTL定位研究。结果表明,在籽粒灌浆的5个不同时期,共检测到8个条件QTL和10个非条件QTL,但没有一个QTL能在测定的5个时期都有效应。花后12 d,控制GMP形成的基因就已经有了一定的表达量,条件QTL能解释6.21%的表型变异,该基因位于1A染色体上。花后17 d,在1D染色体上测到了1个新表达的条件QTL位点,单独能解释14.14%的表型变异。花后22 d,控制GMP形成的基因的表达比较活跃,非条件分析检测到3个QTL位点,条件分析检测到2个QTL位点,这5个QTL位点分别位于1B、5B、6B和7B染色体上,其效应值都比较低,2个条件QTL共同能解释12.67%的净表型变异。花后27 d,在2D和3B染色体上各检测到2个条件和非条件QTL位点,加性效应值比较大。条件QTL能解释16.37%的表型变异,非条件QTL能解释23.94%的变异。花后32 d,仍有2个新的基因位点在表达,但此时QTL的净表达量已经开始下降,条件QTL仅能解释11.43%的表型变异。  相似文献   

19.
Plant height (PH) plays a very important role for plant breeding and also serves as a model trait to dynamic development study. The dynamic quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis for PH of Agropyron Gaertn. was carried out in a cross-pollination (CP) hybrid population of A. Gaertn. based on the phenotypic data of PH at different developmental stages in four year-sites and the constructed single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genetic map. The results showed that 69 QTL and nine major QTL were detected by unconditional QTL mapping. A total of 107 QTL and 13 major QTL were found using conditional QTL mapping. Forty-seven QTL were detected by two methods. Two unconditional QTL, Qph2-5 and Qph3-4, were expressed as major and stable QTL for PH. Four major stable conditional QTL for PH, cQph4-1, cQph4-8, cQph6-2 and cQph6-7, were detected. Two conditional PH QTL, cQph3-5 and cQPh3-7, were identified in four environments over multiple stages. The gene/QTL controlling PH was expressed in a certain spatiotemporal manner. These results could also provide a reference for genetic and breeding research of related plant.  相似文献   

20.
玉米光周期敏感相关性状发育动态QTL定位   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  
玉米是短日照作物,大多数热带种质对光周期非常敏感。光周期敏感性限制了温、热地区间的种质交流。研究玉米光周期敏感性的分子机理,有利于玉米种质的扩增、改良、创新,提高玉米品种对不同光周期变化的适应性。本研究以对光周期钝感的温带自交系黄早四和对光周期敏感的热带自交系CML288为亲本配置的组合衍生的一套207个重组自交系为材料,在长日照环境条件下对不同发育时期的叶片数、株(苗)高变化进行QTL分析。结果表明,双亲间的最终可见叶片数和株高差异很大;发育初期CML288的叶片数和苗高都低于黄早四,而发育后期CML288的叶片数和株高都明显高于黄早四;测定各时期F7重组自交系间也存在显著差异。利用包含237个SSR标记、图谱总长度1 753.6 cM、平均图距7.40 cM的遗传连锁图谱,采用复合区间作图法,分别检测到控制叶片数和株(苗)高发育的QTL 11个和20个。但是,没有一个条件QTL 能在测定的几个时期都有效应。在长日照条件下,控制叶片数与株(苗)高的非条件与条件QTL主要集中在第1、9和10染色体上,特别是在第10染色体的标记umc1873附近均检测到了影响这两个性状的QTL,且在不同的发育时期单个条件和非条件QTL所解释的表型变异分别为4.34%~25.74%和10.02%~22.57%,表明这一区域可能包含光周期敏感性关键基因。  相似文献   

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