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对莺河一库水质的调查分析和饵料生物的定量测定得出：该库属中营养型水库，浮游植物初级生产力平均２３．９６ｋｇＯ＿２／ｈａ·ｄ，其中鱼类生长期内初级生产力３２１．１６ｋｇＯ＿２／ｈａ·ｄ，净生产量２５．７３ｋｇＯ＿２／ｈａ·ｄ，净生产量之和为５４０３．３ｋｇＯ＿２／ｈａ，折合浮游植物鲜重为２８６３７．５ｋｇ／ｈａ；浮游植物、浮游动物和底栖动物的生物量分别为３．２ｍｇ／Ｌ、１．２６ｍｇ／Ｌ和０．８５ｇ／ｍ￣２，水库近期鱼产力为３６３．６ｋｇ／ｈａ，总产量２０．９４万ｋｇ。该库历年平均成鱼单产为８８．４ｋｇ／ｈａ，占估算鱼产力的２４．３％，水库的渔业潜力有待开发利用，因此，提出了今后合理开发水库渔业资源的对策。 相似文献
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1994年12月－1995年9月对温河水库进行了鱼产潜力调查及合理开发透明牟研究。浮游植物8门57属（种），浮游植物生物量平均为8．468mg/l，硅藻占47．3％；浮游动物36属（种），生物量平均为2．11mg/l，轮虫占71．2％；底栖动物16属（种），生物量平均为679．33g/m^2，软体动物占99．7％；水生植物13属（种），生物量平均为890g/m^2。温河水库鱼产潜为342．16kg/ha，其中浮游植物鱼产潜力为113．68kg/ha，浮游动物鱼产潜力为45．32kg/ha，底栖动物鱼产潜力为116．48kg/ha，水生植物鱼产潜力为66．68g/ha。鱼种总投放量为1596尾／公顷（79．83kg/ha）。综合开发的途径是：充分利用水域自然饵料资源和优越的生态环境，实行以养为主，增、养、捕相结合的方针，建成集繁殖、育种、商品生产为一体的渔业生产体系。 相似文献
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酒埠江水库的浮游生物及其银鱼鱼产潜力的估算 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
1997年对酒埠江水库浮游生物进行周年（分4季）调查,共检出浮游植物8门119属153种（属）,生物量0．3051mg／l;浮游动物4类60属96种（属）,生物量1．3926mg／l。水库属贫营养型。浮游生物总鱼产潜力为288．6kg／（hm2·a）;银鱼的鱼产潜力为261．1kg／（hm2·a）。 相似文献
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于2014年6-8月对渭河流域陕西段4座水库的浮游生物和初级生产力进行了调查,根据调查结果测算了各个水库的鱼产力和鲢鳙放养量。结果显示,4座水库浮游植物种类共鉴定出8门40种属,密度为12.00×10~4~132.50×10~4个/L,生物量为0.394 4~2.767 0mg/L;浮游动物的密度为50~2 180个/L,生物量为0.205 7~1.852 0mg/L;初级生产力(水柱平均日毛生产量)为0.405 3~2.206 5mg(O_2)/(m~2·d)。基于浮游生物的鱼产力为鲢鱼32.55~230.70kg/hm~2,鳙鱼46.28~231.60kg/hm~2;基于初级生产力计算的鲢鱼产力为26.23~142.28kg/hm~2,鳙鱼为14.75~80.31kg/hm~2。各个水库鲢鳙的合理放养量分别为98.13~621.63kg/hm~2、48.83~249.54kg/hm~2。 相似文献
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峰头力库是一座以灌溉主为的大型水库，有养鱼面积６３３．３ｈａ。库水总氮含量０．７５ｍｇ／Ｌ，总磷０．０３１ｍｇ／Ｌ，浮游植物年平均数量２７．２万个／Ｌ，生物量３．７９ｍｇ／Ｌ；浮游动物数量１１５１个／Ｌ，生物量３．０３ｍｇ／Ｌ；底栖动物数量１４５７个／ｍ＾２，生物量９５４．４ｇ／ｍ＾２，初级生产力为２．６６ｇＱ２／ｍ＾２·ｄ，该水库为中营养型水库，年鱼产力１７．６７万ｋｇ。 相似文献
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长荡湖水生植被动态及其渔业效应的研究 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
本文根据1983年—1984年调查研究结果分析整理而成。文中论述了长荡湖现有水生植被的种类组成,群落结构,生态分布,沉水植物的生物量及其利用。经过分析比较,发现近30年来,长荡湖水生植被经历了旺盛—衰竭—恢复—旺盛的演替过程,揭示了引起植被变化的各种因素。随着水生植被的动态变化,长荡湖的鱼类种群结构,渔获对象及捕捞工具都相应发生了变化。植被的盛衰同浮游植物和浮游动物、底栖生物的消长丰歉有着密切的关系.本文最后指出了长荡湖水植被的演替趋势和潜在危机,强调了合理利用和定向改造水生植被的重要性,并对今后如何发展我国湖泊渔业提出了建议。 相似文献
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《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(1-2):23-41
ABSTRACT Production of fingerlings from very small fry depends upon an initial high concentration of rotifers followed by high densities of crustacean zooplankton. High fertilization rates lead to increased zooplankton production but often cause poor water quality conditions that aeration may alleviate. This study was designed to determine the effects of constant, nocturnal, and no aeration on water quality, primary productivity, and standing crops of phytoplankton and zooplankton in heavily fertilized nursery-size ponds that contained no fish. Four 0.04-ha ponds were aerated continually; four ponds were aerated only at night with a 372-W (1/2 hp) paddlewheel aerator; and four ponds were not aerated. For 21 days after they were filled on July 21, 1999, the ponds received 1,224 kg/ha rice bran and 581kg/ha liquid 9-27-0 fertilizer. Water quality variables, primary production, chlorophyll-a and zooplankton were sampled daily. Constant aeration resulted in several conditions more conducive to survival of fish fry, such as higher zooplankton densities, more moderate temperatures, and safer dissolved oxygen levels than did nocturnal aeration or no aeration. However, the development of a higher standing crop of phytoplankton and higher total ammonia concentrations in the turbulent, constantly aerated ponds resulted in higher un-ionized ammonia levels that were not favorable to survival and growth of fry. The high concentrations of zooplankton that developed in the aerated ponds have good potential for cropping to inoculate other ponds or to provide live foods for tank culture of zooplanktivorous fish. 相似文献
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H. Shivanada Murthy Prakash Pavadi N. S. Sudhakar N. Manjappa V. S. Chinthamani R. Shankar 《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(1):50-60
Fish compost was prepared using wastes of deep sea fish, Pricanthus hamrur, along with coffee husk as bulk material in a simple and less expensive method. The prepared fish compost was evaluated on growth and survival of Indian major carp, Labeo rohita, and production of both phytoplankton and zooplankton in 25 m3 cement cisterns. Juveniles of Labeo rohita (6.0 ± 0.35 g) were stocked @ 15 numbers/cistern. Two treatments with initial dosages of compost namely, 5 kg/cistern (2000 kg/ha), 2.5 kg/cistern (1000 kg/ha), and cattle dung @ 12.5 kg/cistern (5000 kg/ha), served as control in first installment. Subsequent monthly application of second and third installments was carried out with dosages of 1 kg/cistern (400 kg/ha) and 0.5 kg/cistern (200 kg/ha) in fish compost treatments and 2.5 kg (1000 kg/ha) of cattle dung (control). The fish were fed 30% protein diet at a rate of 5% of the fish biomass. Significantly higher growth (127.0 g) and survival (89.75%) of Labeo rohita were recorded in 2.5 and 0.5 kg fish compost treatment than in control and other treated group. Higher and sustained plankton production also was observed in compost treated tanks. 相似文献
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Mohsen Abdel-Tawwab 《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(1):58-66
This work was carried out to study the relationship between fish weight and natural food selectivity of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus) reared in earthen ponds without supplementary diet and to guide the adaptation of feeding and fertilization strategies. Fish were stocked (1.5 fish/m2) in four fertilized earthen ponds (0.1 ha) for 6 months. Fifty fish were sampled monthly to estimate individual total weight and length and evaluate stomach contents. Fish specimens were categorized into different weight classes: <25 g, 25–50 g, 50–75 g, 75–100 g, and 100–125 g. Overall, the 50–75 g weight class had the highest degree of stomach fullness. The intestinal length-fish length ratio was similar across all fish weights, ranging from 2.9–3.4. Likewise, the composition of food items found in fish stomach was ranked as phytoplankton > detritus > zooplankton. Phytoplankton contribution to gut content increased with increasing fish weight, while detritus and zooplankton contribution decreased. Zooplankton never exceeded 1% of total stomach contents. Cyanobacteria, Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae and Euglenophyceae mostly represented the phytoplankton. Bacillariophyceae dominated the phytoplanktonic portion of stomach contents at small fish size (<75 g/fish), while Chlorophyceae is the dominant group at large fish size (> 75 g/fish). Fish could select Cyanobacteria and Euglenophyceae at all fish weights, meanwhile Chlorophyceae and Bacillariophyceae were eaten with slight selectivity at larger weights.. 相似文献
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南四湖的水生生物和渔业生态初析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
南四湖是指位于山东省南部的微山、昭阳、独山和南阳四个湖,现有水面11.9万公顷。目前的平均鱼产量是94.05公斤/公顷。1983—1984 年我省对该湖进行了全面的渔业资源调查。南四湖的溶氧含量平均为 8.71毫克/升,pH为 7.1—9.7。湖水中的磷酸盐是0.0108毫克/升,三态氮是0.465 毫克/升。水生维管束植物的生物量是 2584.2毫克/米~2,浮游植物和浮游动物的平均生物量分别为1.709和0.601毫克/升,底栖动物的平均生物量是92.65克/米~2。鱼类的优势种类是鲫鱼、黄颡鱼、乌鳢、红鳍鲌、长春编、鲶鱼、鲤鱼。并为开发它们提出了初步建议。 相似文献
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用８个３ｍ×８ｍ的实验围隔，研究了静水海水池塘对投饵养殖台湾红非鲫的鱼产力和负荷力。放养量为０．６７、１．００、１．３３、１．６７尾／ｍ＾２四个水平。每日投喂颗粒饲料４次，投饵量以鱼体重的３％为基础，再根据鱼的摄食情况加以调整，以１．５ｈ内吃完为准。 相似文献
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东南太平洋智利竹筴鱼渔场浮游生物数量分布及与渔场关系 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
2006年6~8月,对智利外海渔场的5个站点(31°00′~40°45′S、82°05′~91°52′W)进行了浮游生物调查。结果显示,浮游植物共有7属10种,其中硅藻门有5属5种,甲藻门1属3种,蓝藻门1属2种;浮游植物平均生物量为0.416 mg/m3,最高生物量为0.822 mg/m3,最低为0.13 mg/m3。浮游动物为33属40种,其中桡足类有14种,占总种类数的35%,其次为浮游幼虫、水螅水母类、糠虾类和磷虾类等;浮游动物平均生物量为0.656 mg/m3,最高丰度为211 ind/m3,最低为33.5 ind/m3。通过对智利竹筴鱼产量及CPUE(单位渔获量努力量)叠加分析,发现中心渔场区域主要集中于38~43°S、80~83°W范围内,与各采样站点浮游植物生物量分布趋势一致,中心渔场与表层浮游动物生物量的分布尚不存在相对应的关联。 相似文献
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Carey MP, Maloney KO, Chipps SR, Wahl DH. Effects of littoral habitat complexity and sunfish composition on fish production. Ecology of Freshwater Fish 2010: 19: 466–476. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S Abstract – Habitat complexity is a key driver of food web dynamics because physical structure dictates resource availability to a community. Changes in fish diversity can also alter trophic interactions and energy pathways in food webs. Few studies have examined the direct, indirect, and interactive effects of biodiversity and habitat complexity on fish production. We explored the effects of habitat complexity (simulated vegetation), sunfish diversity (intra‐ vs. inter‐specific sunfish), and their interaction using a mesocosm experiment. Total fish production was examined across two levels of habitat complexity (low: 161 strands m?2 and high: 714 strands m?2) and two sunfish diversity treatments: bluegill only (Lepomis macrochirus) and bluegill, redear sunfish (Lepomis microlophus), and green sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus) combination. We also measured changes in total phosphorus, phytoplankton, periphyton, and invertebrates to explain patterns in fish production. Bluegill and total fish production were unaffected by the sunfish treatments. Habitat complexity had a large influence on food web structure by shifting primary productivity from pelagic to a more littoral pathway in the high habitat treatments. Periphyton was higher with dense vegetation, leading to reductions in total phosphorus, phytoplankton, cladoceran abundance and fish biomass. In tanks with low vegetation, bluegill exhibited increased growth. Habitat complexity can alter energy flow through food webs ultimately influencing higher trophic levels. The lack of an effect of sunfish diversity on fish production does not imply that conserving biodiversity is unimportant; rather, we suggest that understanding the context in which biodiversity is important to food web dynamics is critical to conservation planning. 相似文献
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分析了松花江哈尔滨段宾县石场和鸟河乡两个采样点水域野生花（Hemibarbus maculatus）、麦穗鱼（Pseudorasbora parva）、条纹似白鮈（Paraleucogobio strigatus）等三种鮈亚科鱼类消化道食物的组成,研究了这三种鱼类在河流生境下食性类型、营养级,探讨其在特定生态系统中饵料基础及鱼类间食物关系。结果表明,花属杂食性,主要摄食水生昆虫、底栖生物、浮游植物,营养级为3.86;麦穗鱼为杂食性,其食物组成为小鱼、水生昆虫、浮游动物、浮游植物,营养级为3.07级。条纹似白鮈属底栖动物食性,主要摄食水生昆虫,营养级为2.53。 相似文献