共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 375 毫秒
1.
【目的】栎空腔瘿蜂(膜翅目:瘿蜂科)危害栓皮栎及麻栎的重要害虫,该虫形成虫瘿并在虫瘿内取食危害,隐蔽性强,导致对其进行化学防治非常困难,而用寄生性天敌进行防治可能成为一种非常有效的方法。本研究旨在明确栎空腔瘿蜂虫瘿内天敌的种类和生物特性,为进一步利用天敌防治栎空腔瘿蜂提供科学依据。【方法】本文通过对栎空腔瘿蜂越冬期和生长期虫瘿进行田间调查和室内解剖,调查虫瘿内天敌种类及其优势天敌生活史和行为特性。【结果】栎空腔瘿蜂虫瘿内主要有3种优势天敌,均以幼虫在无性虫瘿内越冬。长尾小蜂Torymus sp. 1年发生2代,越冬成虫5月上旬开始出现,产卵于无性虫瘿内,7月上旬第1代成虫出现;广肩小蜂1年发生2代,越冬成虫5月上旬开始羽化,成虫产卵于无性虫瘿内,6月下旬第1代成虫羽化;金小蜂1年发生3代,越冬成虫4月上旬羽化,成虫产卵于有性虫瘿内,第1代成虫5月上旬羽化,成虫羽化后将卵产于无性虫瘿内,第2代成虫6月下旬开始羽化。【结论】栎空腔瘿蜂虫瘿内主要优势天敌为长尾小蜂、广肩小蜂和金小蜂,可作为栎空腔瘿蜂幼虫生物防治的有效手段。 相似文献
2.
中国寄生于竹瘿广肩小蜂的金小蜂一新种：（膜翅目：小蜂总科,金小蜂科） 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
记述了我国金小蜂科角金小蜂属一新种－－竹瘿长角金小蜂Ｎｏｒｂａｎｕｓ ａｉｏｌｏｍｏｒｐｈｉ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。新种寄生在我国南方为害毛竹的竹瘿广肩小蜂Ａｉｏｌｏｍｏ－ｒｐｈｕｓ ｐｈｏｐａｌｏｉｄｅｓ Ｗａｌｋｅｒ的幼虫及蛹上，寄生率达３６．６％，在控制这种害虫上具有重要意义。新种的模式标本保存在西北林学院天敌昆虫室及中南林学院昆虫标本室。 相似文献
3.
栎空腔瘿蜂形态及生物学特性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
栎空腔瘿蜂Trichagalma glabrosa Pujade-Villar & Wang在安阳1 a发生1代,以成虫越冬.有性世代成虫出现在4月中旬,产卵于栓皮栎Quercus variabilis嫩叶侧脉上,幼虫孵化后刺激叶脉产生球状虫瘿并在虫瘿内取食危害,幼虫于9月上旬开始化蛹,11月上旬成虫羽化出孔.虫瘿饲养观察发现,栎空腔瘿蜂有3种寄生性天敌:长尾小蜂Torymus sp.、刻腹小蜂Ormyrus sp.和旋小蜂Eupelmus sp.;2种寄居昆虫Synergus sp.和Cuyculio sp.. 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
黄刺玫瘿蜂Diplolepis sp.危害黄刺玫的叶和花果,分别形成叶瘿、果瘿和花萼瘿。严重受害株的叶被害率可达38%,影响植株生长,导致开花稀少,落叶提前。成虫体长2.8—3.4mm,体黑褐色,足黄褐色。此瘿蜂一年1代,孤雌生殖。以老熟幼虫在落叶上的枯虫瘿内越冬,4月初开始化蛹,4月下旬至5月上旬成虫羽化出瘤;产卵于叶芽和花蕾中,初孵瘿蜂幼虫生长发育迅速,5月20日左右已达老熟,老熟幼虫即在瘤内越夏越冬。幼虫期有两种寄生蜂,即广肩小蜂Eurytoma sp.(占99.7%)和旋小蜂Eupelmus sp.(仅占0.3%),均为单寄生,寄生率可达78.3%。瘤内未发现寄居昆虫。 相似文献
9.
通过采集舞毒蛾卵块、幼虫、蛹在实验室内培育,共发现舞毒蛾寄生性蝇类6种、寄生蜂类4科8种。其中,幼虫期寄生天敌有金小蜂科1种,即黑青小蜂Dibrachys cavus;广肩小蜂科2种,即粘虫广肩小蜂Eurytomaverticillata和Eurytoma sp.;以及茧蜂科3种,姬小蜂科2种和寄蝇类,平均寄生率12.89%。蛹期的寄生天敌有毛瓣奥蜉寄蝇Austrophorocera hirsuta、日本追寄蝇Exorista japonica、条纹追寄蝇Exorista fasciata等,平均寄生率是13.30%。卵期未发现任何寄生性天敌。从幼虫到蛹期,寄生性天敌平均可降低舞毒蛾种群数量22.17%。 相似文献
10.
正竹瘿广肩小蜂与竹环斜纹枯叶蛾是竹林的主要害虫。其中,竹瘿广肩小蜂主要危害毛竹叶柄,竹环斜纹枯蛾主要危害竹子叶片。竹瘿广肩小蜂竹瘿广肩小蜂是毛竹的一大害虫。它以幼虫在叶柄中取食,形成虫瘿为害。虫瘿外部被白色粉末,有黄色小竹衣紧紧包住,外形呈长椭圆形,比正常竹节大2~5倍。从外观看,受灾林分的竹叶多而密厚,颜色青翠, 相似文献
11.
The complex of insect inhabitants of old larval galleries of Saperda populnea (L.) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) was studied during the period 2000–2003 in 18 localities in Bulgaria. As a result, 32 insect species were reared from old S. populnea galls: Metopoplax origani (Kolenati) (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae), Malachius sp. (Coleoptera: Malachiidae), Agrilus pratensis pratensis (Ratzeburg) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), Xylocleptes bispinus (Duftschmidt) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), Crossocerus cetratus (Shuckard), Crossocerus megacephalus (Rossi), Crossocerus nigritus (Lepeletier & Brullé), Crossocerus acanthophorus (Kohl), Passaloecus brevilabris Wolf, Passaloecus gracilis (Curtis), Psenulus schencki (Tournier), Solierella compedita compedita (Piccioli), Trypoxylon figulus figulus (Linnaeus), Trypoxylon fronticorne fronticorne Gussakovskij (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae), Cleptes schmidti Linsenmaiser, Trichrysis cyanea (Linnaeus) (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae), Clistopyga incitator (Fabricius), Ctenochira sanguinatoria (Ratzeburg), Liotryphon crassisetus (Thomson), Nemeritis fallax (Gravenhorst), Mesochorus georgievi Schwenke, Campoletis sp. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), Charmon extensor (Linnaeus) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), Eupelmus urozonus Dalman (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae), Perilampus aeneus (Rossius) (Hymenoptera: Perilampidae), Trichiocampus grandis (Lepeletier) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), Janus luteipes (Lepeletier) (Hymenoptera: Cephidae), Cydia corollana (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), Fiebrigella brevibucca (Duda) (Diptera: Chloropidae), Eustolomyia hilaris (Fallén) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), Senotaina sp. (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) and Heringia vitripennis (Meigen) (Diptera: Syrphidae). Amongst them, 27 species were established as new inhabitants of old S. populnea galls. Five species (C. schmidti, N. fallax, M. georgievi, P. aeneus and J. luteipes) were recorded for the first time in Bulgaria. The dwellers of old S. populnea galls belong to the following ecological groups: insects using galls as a place to develop (3 species); insects nidificating in empty galls (10 species); insects using old galls as a pupating place (1 species); insects using empty galls as overwintering shelters (3 species); predators and parasites of primary dwellers of empty galls (13 species); or insects with uncertain ecological status (2 species). 相似文献
12.
桉树枝瘿姬小蜂中国本地自然天敌调查与捕食性天敌的捕食观察 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
文章首次报道了桉树枝瘿姬小蜂在中国的捕食性自然天敌。2009年9-12月,以华南农业大学校园窿缘桉（Eucalyptus exserta）和巨园桉（Eucalyptus grandis×E.tereticornis）DH201-2林分为材料,进行林间肉眼观察,并收集桉树枝瘿姬小蜂（Leptocybe invasaFisher＆La Salle）虫瘿羽化出的昆虫,解剖观察虫瘿中的昆虫,调查桉树枝瘿姬小蜂自然天敌。结果发现：3种桉树枝瘿姬小蜂捕食性自然天敌分别为冠猫跳蛛（Carrhotus coronatus）、斜纹猫蛛（Oxyopes sertatusL.Koch）和圆蛛（Cyrtarachnesp.）,其中冠猫跳蛛是优势种。对冠猫跳蛛捕食桉树枝瘿姬小蜂情况进行野外和室内试管观察,统计其捕食量为野外4.8头/头.h、试管内0.36头/头.h。未发现桉树枝瘿姬小蜂寄生性天敌。 相似文献
13.
We measured the protein precipitation capacity of tannins in the tissues of Quercus crispula and Quercus serrata galls induced by a cynipid (Trigonaspis sp.) to examine the nutrition hypothesis on gall induction. The protein precipitation capacity was significantly lower in
the nutritive tissues of galls, on which the cynipids feed, than in ungalled sound leaves and in the outer gall tissues. In
addition, the protein precipitation capacities in the leaves and in the outer gall tissues were significantly larger in Q. crispula than in Q. serrata samples, whereas that of the nutritive tissues did not differ between these oak species. These results suggest that gall
induction is one of the adaptations of galling cynipids to host–plant defensive compounds, and support the nutrition hypothesis. 相似文献
14.
Three species of blue green algae;Anabena oryzae, Nostoc calcicola andSpirulina sp. were tested versusMeloidogyne incognita infecting cowpea cv. Baladi. In single treatments,N. calcicola alga was superior than the other algae treatments in reducing the number of nematode galls and egg masses as compared to
the untreated check. In combined treatments, the 3 algae together achieved the highest significant (P≤0.01 and 0.05) reduction
in the number of galls and egg masses. All the treatments significantly (P≤0.01 and 0.05) improved plant growth criteria as
measured by fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots and length of shoots and increased the number of nodules. 相似文献
15.
Małgorzata Skrzypczyńska 《Journal of pest science》2001,74(1):11-12
Analytical studies were conducted on the species composition of galls occurring on the leaves of Salix purpurea L. in the Ojców National Park in 1999?–?2000. The species composition of galls was identical in two consecutive years. Galls were caused by 5?species (a total of 480?galls). The most numerous species in both years was Pontania viminalis (L.). Index of occurrence frequency and Agrell's index of species co-existence have been calculated. This index reached the highest values in case of Pontania dolichura (Thoms.) and P. viminalis (L.) in 1999 as well as Phyllocolpa leucaspis (Tischb.) and P. viminalis (L.) in 2000. 相似文献
16.
自浙江省竹子虫瘿中养出的 10种小蜂 ,其中竹泰广肩小蜂 (TetramesabambusaePhilips)在我国属首次报道。在这 10种小蜂中 ,仅竹瘿广肩小蜂 (AiolomorphusrhopaloidesWalker)、竹泰广肩小蜂 (Te tramesabambusaePhilips)和刚竹泰广肩小蜂 (TetramesaphyllostrachitisGahan)是真正对竹子有危害性的小蜂。 相似文献
17.
M. Skrzypczyńska 《Journal of pest science》1999,72(6):164-165
Analytical studies were conducted on the species composition of galls occurring on the leaves of European aspen Populus tremula
L. in the Ojców National Park in 1997–1998. The species composition of galls was similar in two consecutive years, i.e 6 and
7 species, respectively (a total of 5492 galls). The most numerous species wasPhyllocoptes populi Nalepa in both years.
Index of occurrence frequency and Agrell’s index of species co-existence have been calculated. This index reached the highest
values in both years in case ofHarmandia cavernosa (Rübsaamen) andH. tremulae Winnertz. 相似文献
18.
We describe the relationships among patterns of abundance of galls, survivorship, and mortality factors in the sexual generation
of a cynipid wasp, Andricus moriokae, and detail the impacts of abundant parasitoid species on the survivorship of the cynipid in relation to the abundance patterns
of galls. The mean number of galls per shoot, the frequency distribution of number of galls on a single shoot, and the mean
number of galls per shoot in respective shoot size classes (the number of leaves per shoot) did not differ significantly between
two sample trees. The relative impacts of the three mortality factors differed between trees, having different consequences
for the survivorship of the cynipid. The rate of parasitoid attack, the main cause of mortality, was higher in the tree on
which the cynipids survived better. On the other hand, the mortalities caused by gall predation and gall abortion were higher
in the tree with the lower survival rate of the cynipid. Galls appeared more frequently on larger shoots on both trees. However,
the survival rate and the mortality rates caused by three mortality factors did not differ among shoot size classes within
each tree. The species composition of the parasitoid assemblage changed with shoot size, but the patterns of change differed
between trees with similar abundance patterns of galls. Thus, the survivorship and mortality factors of the cynipid were probably
not related to the abundance patterns of galls. 相似文献
19.
Małgorzata Skrzypczyńska 《Journal of pest science》2002,75(1):11-12
The occurrence frequency of galls caused by insects and mites on the leaves of Fraxinus excelsior L. was investigated, based on leaf samples collected in the Ojców National Park in 2000?–?2001. The species composition of galls was identical in two consecutive years. Galls were caused by 5 species a total of 2881 galls. The most numerous species was Dasineura fraxinea (Kieffer) in both years.Index of occurrence frequency and Agrell's index of species co-existence have been calculated. This index reached the highest values in case of Dasineura fraxinea and Vasates fraxini (Nalepa) in 2000 as well as D. fraxinea and Psyllopsis fraxini (L.) in 2001. 相似文献