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1.
为了深入了解免疫应激导致感染和炎症的机制,试验采用2×2析因设计因子试验设计,选用(28±2)d的大白×约克夏断奶仔猪96头,平均体重(7.24±0.36)kg,按体重相近的原则随机分为4组,1组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮,在断奶后第7天按体重注射100μg/kg生理盐水;2组为免疫应激组,饲喂基础日粮,在断奶后第7天按体重注射100μg/kg脂多糖;3组为谷氨酰胺组,饲喂谷氨酰胺浓度为1.2%的日粮,在断奶后第7天按体重注射100μg/kg生理盐水;4组为谷氨酰胺+免疫应激组,饲喂谷氨酰胺浓度为1.2%的日粮,在断奶后第7天按体重注射100μg/kg脂多糖.结果表明:免疫应激使动物生产性能下降,而添加谷氨酰胺使免疫应激仔猪日增重、日采食量提高(P<0.01),料重比下降(P<0.01);日粮加应激交互作用对仔猪日增重、采食量、料重比的影响均不显著. 相似文献
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《养猪》2017,(5)
为研究复方中药抗仔猪断奶应激的效果,试验选28日龄杜长大断奶仔猪100头,随机分为10组,每组10头猪,设计3个中药配方,每个配方3个添加剂量进行中药抗仔猪断奶应激的临床试验,1~9组为试验组,分别添加3个配方高、中、低剂量药物,10组为对照(不治疗)组不添加任何药物,高、中、低剂量治疗组分别按每头猪每日添药量为3.0 g/L、2.5 g/L和2.0 g/L饲喂,试验期15 d。结果表明:3个中药配方对仔猪断奶应激均有一定效果,尤以配方1低剂量组断奶仔猪料重比、发病率最低,成活率最高,效果最好;与对照组相比,平均料重比比对照组降低0.54,成活率提高20个百分点(P0.01)。说明复方中药抗仔猪断奶应激有良好效果,并对断奶仔猪有明显增重作用,是抗仔猪断奶应激的一个新的好方法。 相似文献
3.
本实验选取28日龄健康AA肉仔鸡90只,随机分为3组,对照组,热应激组和配对组,3个重复,试验期为7d。结果表明,与对照组相比,热应激组AA肉仔鸡平均日增重和平均日采食量分别显著下降65.22%和35.73%(p<0.05),料肉比增加66.97%(p<0.05);腹脂和颈皮下脂肪的相对重量显著增加(p<0.05),腿皮下组织的相对重量有增加的趋势(p>0.05);热应激显著提高了血液中甘油三酯的浓度(p<0.05),而对总胆固醇和游离脂肪酸浓度影响差异不显著。由此可知,热应激可是肉仔鸡生产性能下降,脂肪沉积增加。 相似文献
4.
试验旨在评估抗菌肽(AMP)对免疫应激仔猪生长性能、肠道微生物和血清生化指标的影响。选取36头生长状态良好、体重接近的28日龄“杜×长×大”断奶仔猪,公、母各半,随机分为4组,每组9个重复,每个重复1头猪。对照组(NC组)仔猪饲喂基础日粮,AMP组仔猪饲喂基础日粮+200 mg/kg抗菌肽,TEGV组仔猪饲喂基础日粮+猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(TEGV),TEGV+AMP组仔猪饲喂基础日粮+200 mg/kg抗菌肽+猪传染性胃肠炎病毒。试验期28 d。结果显示：与对照组相比,AMP组仔猪的平均日增重、平均末重、平均日采食量均极显著提高(P<0.01),料重比和腹泻率极显著降低(P<0.01);有益菌群数量、抗氧化功能及免疫力极显著增加(P<0.01)。与TEGV组相比,TEGV+AMP组断奶仔猪的采食量、平均日增重、末重均明显升高,料重比明显降低。研究表明,日粮中添加抗菌肽可以改善免疫应激断奶仔猪的生长性能、肠道微生物、抗氧化和免疫能力。 相似文献
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在饲料中添加药用植物原料八角茴香、甘草、橘皮等加工成的复方中草药制剂,用来饲喂45日龄仔猪,并与金霉素预混剂作对照,测定仔猪的平均日增重、平均日采食量、料肉比以及腹泻指数等。试验分A、B、C、D共4组,分别为金霉素组,以及每千克饲料添加中草药制剂400 mg、500 mg、600 mg组,饲喂时间为4周。结果显示,使用中草药制剂的仔猪在试验结束后的体重均显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)地高于A组;在各阶段,C、D组的平均日采食量、平均日增重均显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)地高于A组;前3周的料肉比差异不显著(P>0.05),第4周C组的料肉比显著(P<0.05)低于A组;全程腹泻指数均较低。因此,使用中草药制剂替代金霉素大幅提高仔猪生长性能。 相似文献
7.
日龄Ⅰ组Ⅱ组Ⅲ组日增重/g日采食量/kg料肉比日增重/g日采食量/kg料肉比日增重/g日采食量/kg料肉比25~302280.3871.681920.3471.801770.3381.8840~604720.721.554660.701.514130.621.4961~905751.442.565651.372.475341.282.3891~1207302.002.857132.002.906901.712.5625~1205471.302.335271.272.434951.132.25大豆浓缩蛋白一般是食品级脱脂豆粉用乙醇或酸抽提而成,抽提过程中去掉了大部分较难被仔猪消化利用的可溶性碳水化合物———寡糖;同时,抗营养因子和过敏物质含量大大减少,而蛋白质含量,必需氨基酸,尤其是赖氨酸含量相应大大提高。1… 相似文献
8.
发酵豆粕配制抗断奶应激仔猪料饲养试验 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
选择母猪体况健康、年龄胎次、窝产仔数、产期尽量一致的经产杜长大杂交仔猪20窝,7日龄时随机分为两组,分别补饲对照组和试验组饲料,对照组为商品普瑞纳仔猪颗粒料,试验组为采用发酵豆粕配合膨化大豆、乳清粉、进口鱼粉等原料,添加酶制剂、酸制剂及免疫活性物质等成分,自行配制的抗断奶应激仔猪料。通过试验比较仔猪采食量、日增重及腹泻率情况。结果表明,抗断奶应激仔猪试验料与商品普瑞纳仔猪颗粒料相比,能极显著提高仔猪断奶1周内日采食量,显著提高仔猪日增重,缓解断奶应激。 相似文献
9.
试验选择母猪胎次、初生体重相近的杜长大三元杂交哺乳仔猪24窝,随机分为对照组,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组,每组八窝。对照组饲喂常规乳猪料,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组分别饲喂添加10%、20%发酵豆粕的乳猪料,研究发酵豆粕对仔猪生长性能的影响。结果表明试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组仔猪平均日增重、平均日采食量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而料肉比、腹泻率显著低于对照组(P<0.05);试验组Ⅱ平均日增重、平均日采食量高于试验组Ⅰ,料肉比、腹泻率低于试验组Ⅰ,但二者之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。 相似文献
10.
本试验选取25日龄遗传背景相同、生长状况良好、体重6.5 kg左右的健康断奶阉割公猪78头,随机分为2个处理组,对照组饲喂含抗生素教槽料,试验组饲喂无抗教槽料,试验期为10 d。测定断奶仔猪平均日采食量、平均日增重、料肉比和腹泻率,以期评估替抗配方的可行性。试验结果显示,对照组与试验组采食量、增重及料肉比没有显著差异,可满足断奶仔猪的生长需要。 相似文献
11.
T.‐T. Zhang Z.‐Q. Zhang X.‐H. Gao F.‐H. Yang X.‐M. Xing 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2013,97(2):271-277
This study investigated digestibilities of nutrients and feed efficiency in female mink at the different dietary protein levels during the mink growth period. Effects of dietary protein on growth performance of minks were also measured. Sixty 45‐day‐old healthy female minks were randomly assigned to 6 treatment groups with 10 animals in each group. Animals were fed diets varying in protein levels: 28% (Group I), 30% (Group II), 32% (Group III), 34% (Group IV), 36% (Group V) and 38% (Group VI), respectively. The digestibilities of key nutrients were determined on Day 14 after initiating the experiment and the last 3 days. From the beginning of the study, body weight and feed intake were weighed and recorded every other week in order to calculate the average daily bodyweight gain and the feed efficiency. The trial had demonstrated that nitrogen intake was greatly significantly different, which was affected by dietary protein levels (p < 0.001). Growth performance of minks was impaired when dietary protein level was at 28%. When dietary protein level was at 34%, minks had the best daily gains, feed efficiency, and digestibilities of some key nutrients. 相似文献
12.
复合非淀粉多糖酶制剂对肉鸡生长性能及肠道酶活性的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
将200只21日龄罗斯肉鸡分成5个处理组:处理1组(正对照组)、处理2组(负对照组),处理3～5组在负对照组日粮基础上各添加一种商业复合非淀粉多糖酶制剂产品。测定肉鸡生长性能及42日龄肠道消化酶活性。结果显示:处理3组肉鸡的料肉比显著优于(P≤0.05)处理1、2和5组;末体重指标,处理3和4组间无显著差异(P>0.05),但显著高于处理2和5组。处理3组肉鸡十二指肠的淀粉酶以及十二指肠内容物的蛋白酶活性显著高于(P≤0.05)处理1和2组。处理4和5组肉鸡的十二指肠淀粉酶和蛋白酶活性差异不显著,但显著低于处理3组。处理3组肉鸡空肠内容物的淀粉酶、蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性显著高于其它4个处理组。以上结果说明,选用复合NSP酶制剂应实测产品的酶种类和酶活性,以合理有效使用。 相似文献
13.
试验旨在研究同一蛋白质水平(粗蛋白质为13%)不同料型对肉种鸽生产性能的影响。采用单因子试验设计,选用144对种鸽,随机分为4组,每组36个重复,每个重复1对种鸽。Ⅰ组饲喂柱状颗粒全价料,Ⅱ组饲喂球形颗粒全价料,Ⅲ组饲喂50%原粮和50%柱状颗粒料,Ⅳ组饲喂原粮和保健砂。预试期14 d,正试期106 d。结果显示:①整个试验期内,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组平均日耗料量均极显著低于其他2组(P<0.01),15~21日龄阶段Ⅲ组乳鸽平均日耗料量也极显著低于Ⅳ组(P<0.01);②Ⅰ、Ⅱ组均能使种鸽在繁殖期间体重极显著增加(P<0.01),但公鸽的增重比母鸽多;③乳鸽7日龄时,Ⅱ、Ⅲ组体重极显著高于Ⅳ组(P<0.01),但乳鸽14日龄时,这种显著差异消失;④Ⅰ组种蛋受精率极显著高于Ⅳ组(P<0.01),显著高于Ⅱ组(P<0.05),其余各组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。提示,料型对种鸽生产性能有显著影响,但对啄羽现象无明显影响;建议在养鸽生产中推广柱状颗粒全价料型。 相似文献
14.
为筛选效益较好的肉牛饲料配方,研究设计了3个饲料配方,用杂交牛进行了为期60 d的对比育肥试验,同时为探索肉牛饲料中蛋白质的过瘤胃保护效果,以3号配方配制的补充料为基础,用醋酸和甲醛对菜籽粕和豆粕进行了过瘤胃蛋白保护处理。结果表明:在配方筛选试验中,使用3号配方的第3组效果最好,日增重达1 273 g,饲料价格仅为1 500元/t。在过瘤胃蛋白保护处理中,以第4组甲醛保护的效果较理想,日增重达1 508 g,比未保护的对照组(第3组)提高18.46%;用醋酸保护的第5组,日增重为1 402 g,较对照组提高10.08%。 相似文献
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将240只1日龄罗斯308（ROSS 308）肉仔鸡，按照饲养方式（地面平养和笼养）以及添加枯草芽孢杆菌替代抗生素与否（替代和不替代）分为4个处理组（1组：抗生素地面平养组；2组：抗生素笼养组；3组：枯草芽孢杆菌地面平养组；4组：枯草芽孢杆菌笼养组），进行42 d的饲养试验。结果显示：试验全期，肉鸡末体重和饲料/增重比指标，4组显著优于（P<0.05）1组，2组和3组之间无差异（P>0.05）。21日龄和42日龄肉鸡血清生化指标分析显示：4组肉鸡血清白蛋白浓度显著大于1组；且血清尿酸浓度4组小于1组；而2组和3组之间所有血清测定指标均无差异。以上结果证明，无论是地面平养还是笼养方式，枯草芽孢杆菌替代抗生素对改善肉鸡生长性能均有良好效果，其作用机理主要是提高饲料蛋白的营养利用率. 相似文献
17.
Three experiments were conducted to determine the requirement of tryptophan for piglets. In the first two experiments dose-response relationships between the dietary tryptophan concentration and performance criteria of piglets were examined in order to determine the dietary tryptophan concentration required for maximum performance. In the first experiment dietary tryptophan levels ranged from 1.09 to 2.32 g per kg, in the second experiment they ranged from 1.70 to 2.60 g per kg. In both experiments a close correlation was observed between the dietary tryptophan concentration and piglet performance criteria (feed intake, daily gains, feed efficiency). In the first experiment, regression analysis using a non-linear model revealed that the optima, defined as 95% of the asymptotic response in the model used, for feed intake and daily gains were achieved at tryptophan levels in excess of the highest concentration of 2.32 g per kg feed. The performance level of the piglets in this experiment was generally very low, however. In the second experiment feed intake, the optimum tryptophan concentration, defined as 95% of the asymptotic response, for daily gains and feed efficiency were achieved within a small range between 2.07 and 2.14 g tryptophan per kg feed, corresponding to 1.84 to 1.91 g precaecal digestible tryptophan per kg feed or 0.153 to 0.159 g tryptophan per MJ ME. These results suggest that the tryptophan concentration for maximum performance of piglets is probably higher than has been implied in numerous studies to date. The third experiment was set up to investigate the effect of the reduced feed intake and the effect of an inadequate tryptophan supply per se on the animals' growth. Here a two-factorial experimental design was used also by varying the energy density of the diet (13 vs. 14 MJ ME per kg feed). In addition to tryptophan deficient groups (1.5 g tryptophan per kg feed), this experiment contained conventional control groups (2.6 g tryptophan per kg feed, ad libitum feeding) and pair-fed control groups (2.6 g tryptophan per kg feed, feed intake identical to that of the tryptophan deficient group). The energy density had no significant effect on the animals' performance and increasing the energy density of the diet did not significantly affect feed and energy intake or daily gains of the tryptophan deficient animals. Feed intake, daily gains and feed efficiency of the tryptophan deficient groups were markedly poorer (by 30, 35 and 10%) than in the ad libitum control groups. When compared with the pair-fed control groups, on the other hand, the performance of the tryptophan deficient groups in terms of daily gains, feed conversion and energy efficiency was only slightly and not significant lower by 1, 4 and 3%, respectively. These results demonstrate conclusively that the growth depression in tryptophan deficiency is almost entirely due to the marked reduction in feed intake rather than to a direct limitation of protein accretion caused by an inadequate tryptophan supply. 相似文献
18.
1. The performance of White Leghorn laying hens on diets providing pearl millet (Pennisetum typhoides) at 300 and 600 g/kg to replace maize, part per part, or "maize mix" isoenergetically and isonitrogenously in the first experiment and at 600 g/kg diet to replace maize in toto, part per part, in the second experiment were examined. In the first experiment, 3 groups of 12 laying hens were placed on each of the 5 dietary treatments for 3 x 28 d, whereas in the second experiment, each of the two diets was offered to 10 groups of 15 laying hens for 6 x 28 d. 2. Inclusion of pearl millet in the diet at the expense of maize, part per part, did not significantly influence hen-day egg production, feed intake, feed efficiency and body weight in either experiment. Incorporation of pearl millet isoenergetically at the expense of "maize mix" at any level, i.e. 300 g or 600 g/kg (Experiment 1), also did not influence hen-day egg production but at the end of periods 2 and 3 did result in decreased feed intakes with consequent improvements in feed efficiency. 3. Egg weight in general showed a tendency to improve with diets providing pearl millet at 600 g/kg. 4. Profits from egg sales over feed cost were directly proportional to the inclusion of pearl millet in the diet either at the expense of maize, part per part, or "maize mix" isoenergetically. 相似文献
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选择240只1日龄新生罗斯308(ROSS 308)肉鸡分成4个处理组,用于研究枯草芽孢杆菌饲料添加剂对地面平养和笼养肉仔鸡的生长性能、养分利用率及血液生化指标等的影响。处理组1和处理组2肉仔鸡日粮添加抗生素金霉素,处理组3和处理组4肉仔鸡日粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌饲料添加剂;同时,处理组1和处理组3肉仔鸡地面平养,处理组2和处理组4肉仔鸡采用笼养,试验周期21 d。试验结果显示:平均日增重、料重比、粗蛋白和代谢能的表观利用率等指标,处理组4显著优于(P<0.05)处理组1,处理组2和处理组3之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。肉仔鸡血清白蛋白浓度指标,处理组4和处理组2之间无显著差异(P>0.05),且显著大于(P<0.05)处理组1。本试验证明,无论是传统的肉鸡地面平养方式还是现代的规模化肉鸡笼养方式,添加微生态制剂枯草芽孢杆菌,可有效替代饲用抗生素,改善肉仔鸡生长性能,其作用机理主要是提高饲料蛋白质的消化利用率。 相似文献
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用4种饲料在冬季饲养矮小型蛋鸡,A组为对照组,使用不加油或和美酵素的基础日粮;B组日粮是基础日粮添加0.5%油脂和500g/T和美酵素;C组日粮是基础日粮添加油脂;D组日粮是在基础日粮基础上加500g/T和美酵素,实验期11周。结果表明,使用基础日粮加和美酵素的D组产蛋率最高穴77.7%雪,和其它3个组差异显著(P<0.05雪,实验期料蛋比2.21押1熏每只鸡毛利3.52元,比对照组和加油组分别高0.45元和0.79元。结果也表明熏在代谢能较高的饲料中添加和美酵素,会使矮小型鸡的体重显著增加,并不能显著提高产蛋水平,因此和油脂同时使用效果不好。 相似文献