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1.
不同种类有机肥施用对黑土团聚体有机碳及腐殖质组成的影响 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:9
以吉林省农业科学院黑土有机培肥定位试验基地为平台,研究了不同种类有机肥(堆腐肥、鸡粪、牛粪和猪粪)施用对土壤及不同粒级团聚体中有机碳和腐殖质组成的影响。结果表明:与不施肥(CK)和单施化肥(NPK)相比,有机肥配施化肥显著(P0.05)增加了土壤有机碳、胡敏酸碳(HAC)和胡敏素碳(HUC)含量;同时,有机肥配施化肥也增加了不同粒级团聚体中有机碳和腐殖质碳含量,其中施用堆腐肥显著增加了各粒级团聚体中有机碳、HAC和HUC含量。不同种类有机肥相比,施用堆腐肥处理的土壤有机碳、HAC和HUC含量均高于其他有机肥处理,并与牛粪处理之间差异显著;施用堆腐肥和牛粪后,0.25mm粒级团聚体有机碳含量高于其他有机肥处理,且2~0.25mm粒级团聚体有机碳含量显著高于鸡粪处理;从不同粒级团聚体中腐殖质组分的分布来看,施用堆腐肥后,2~0.25mm粒级团聚体中HAC和HUC含量显著高于猪粪处理,而0.25~0.053,0.053mm粒级团聚体中HAC含量显著低于鸡粪处理。上述结果说明,有机肥配施化肥提高了土壤团聚体中有机碳和腐殖质碳含量,但不同有机肥的效应不同。 相似文献
2.
西湖平原区连续13年定位施肥对麦、稻产量及土壤肥力的影响 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7
徐祖祥 《植物营养与肥料学报》2011,17(1):16-21
以浙江省水网平原水稻主产区土壤为对象,通过定位试验,研究了连续13年的不同施肥处理对麦稻产量、土壤养分状况和物理性状的影响。结果表明,化肥配施有机肥可显著提高麦、稻产量; 不同施肥处理的长期定位试验土壤有机质含量和全氮均呈上升趋势,增幅依次为: 栏肥+NPK秸秆+NPKNPK秸秆栏肥CK处理; 土壤碱解氮和速效磷也呈增加趋势,以栏肥+NPK处理的增幅最为明显。土壤物理性状的分析表明,长期施肥均能明显增加土壤水稳性团粒含量和土壤孔隙度。经土壤养分平衡分析,栏肥+NPK、秸秆+NPK和NPK处理的氮和磷呈现盈余,秸秆和CK处理氮和磷亏缺; 栏肥+NPK和秸秆+NPK处理钾基本平衡,NPK、秸秆、栏肥和CK处理钾严重亏缺。长期定位试验进一步证明有机肥与氮、磷、钾化肥长期配合施用可实现当地农作物持续稳产,农田施肥管理要注意适当减少氮、磷投入,增加钾肥施用量,保持农田土壤养分平衡。 相似文献
3.
长期施肥对黄棕壤细菌多样性的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
4.
Yuying MA Pamela WEISENHORN Xisheng GUO Daozhong WANG Teng YANG Yu SHI Huanchao ZHANG Haiyan CHU 《土壤圈》2021,31(4):538-548
Fertilization has been shown to exert a significant influence on soil microorganisms and directly and indirectly influences plant growth and survival in agroecosystems. However, it is unknown whether fertilization affects endophytic microbial communities, which are ubiquitous and intimately associated with plant growth and health. Herein, we investigated endophytic bacterial communities in wheat leaves and roots under different long-term fertilization regimes, including NPK chemical fertilizer and NPK chemical fertilizer combined with wheat straw, pig manure, or cow manure. Endophytic bacterial community composition considerably differed in leaves and roots. Although different fertilization treatments did not affect the endophytic bacterial species richness or phylogenetic diversity in either leaves or roots, the community composition was significantly altered, particularly in roots. The endophytic bacterial co-occurrence network in leaves was more complex and stable than that in roots. Furthermore, many of the keystone species that were identified by their topological positions in the co-occurrence networks of leaves and roots were involved in plant growth and fitness. The total relative abundance of keystone species was the highest in the NPK plus cow manure treatment in both leaves and roots. Overall, our results suggest that different fertilization regimes can strongly affect endophytic bacterial communities, and the combination of NPK fertilizer and cow manure promoted the relative abundance of the key endophytic bacterial microbiota in both leaves and roots, which might be beneficial for plants in agroecosystems. 相似文献
5.
长期有机与无机肥配施的黄壤稻田土壤细菌群落结构特征 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
6.
畜禽粪便作为有机肥还田可以维持和提高土壤有机质、改良土壤,有利于农业可持续发展。不同类型粪肥还田后对土壤生物学性状的影响不同,为探究这一问题,在内蒙古乌兰察布市设置田间试验,包括化肥(F)、羊粪(GM)、猪粪(PM)、牛粪(CM)4个处理,研究其对土壤养分、酶活性及微生物群落的影响。结果表明,施用粪肥较化肥具有增加土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷、铵态氮等养分含量的趋势。不同粪肥较化肥处理的土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性最高增幅分别为32.4%、150.4%、26.8%和30.1%。牛粪处理的土壤微生物生物量碳氮显著提高,分别较化肥增加33.2%和33.4%。不同处理在细菌门水平上的优势种群较一致,放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)是优势种群。本试验条件下,牛粪处理更能提高土壤微生物生物量碳氮,短期内施用不同粪肥对于提高土壤微生物群落多样性差异不显著,土壤pH、有效磷、铵态氮是影响土壤微生物群落结构的主要环境因子。 相似文献
7.
土壤微生物群落稳定性是土壤健康的重要组成部分和评价指标,揭示长期不同施肥的农田土壤微生物群落稳定性有助于指导田间施肥管理,保障农田生态系统的土壤健康和可持续发展。本研究依托中国科学院封丘农业生态实验站长期定位试验,通过对三种不同施肥处理的潮土进行干旱扰动和复水回复的培养试验,从多种微生物群落响应指标(脱氢酶活性、细菌群落alpha多样性、关键物种丰度、微生物群落结构和分子生态网络拓扑属性)分别量化和比较了不同施肥处理的微生物群落稳定性(抵抗力和回复力)。结果表明,与不施肥处理(CK)和平衡施用化肥处理(NPK)相比,有机无机肥配施处理(OM)能够显著增加微生物群落稳定性,表现在OM的微生物群落响应指标在干旱-复水过程中的变化最小,抵抗力与回复力均优于CK和NPK。复水后不同施肥处理的细菌群落alpha多样性、关键物种丰度和网络拓扑参数能够回复到初始水平,而群落结构和脱氢酶活性不能完全回复,说明细菌群落alpha多样性的回复快于群落结构和功能。本文基于多种微生物群落响应指标定量计算微生物群落的抵抗力和回复力,结果表明有机无机肥配施能显著提高微生物群落稳定性,是保障农田生态系统土壤健康和可持续发展的优良管理措施。 相似文献
8.
John Farmer Bin Zhang Xinxin Jin Peng Zhang 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2017,63(2):230-241
The objective of this study was to access the effect of long-term fertilization and film mulching application on soil properties and bacterial community structure. We used 16S rRNA gene to investigate soil bacterial community composition by high through-put sequencing. The results demonstrated that predominant groups in the bacterial community were: Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Firmicutes, Planctomycetes, Gemmatimonadetes, Verrucomicrobia, Chloroflexi and Cyanobacteria. Long-term fertilization of combined manure and nitrogen application caused significant decrease in soil bacterial diversity and richness compared to non-fertilization control, though manure fertilization alone played a significant role in restoring bacterial diversity. Film mulching and manure fertilization significantly increased the relative abundances of soil bacterial groups mentioned above. Furthermore, film mulching played significant role in shaping the bacterial community structure regardless of fertilization. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that soil moisture content, pH, total N and soil organic C had significant (P < 0.05) influence on dominant bacterial groups. Altogether, plastic film mulching and manure application prevented loss of soil bacterial diversity and abundance during long-term fertilization. These findings showed the detrimental use of combined manure and nitrogen fertilization to soil microbes and the useful application of manure fertilization coupled with film mulching to soil biodiversity in long-term fertilization experiments. 相似文献
9.
长期施肥对旱地红壤细菌群落的影响 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
为探讨长期不同施肥对旱地红壤细菌群落的影响,以中国农业科学院祁阳红壤实验站的冬小麦—夏玉米定位试验为研究对象,选取不施肥(CK)、单施氮肥(N)、施化学氮磷钾肥(NPK)和化学氮磷钾+有机肥配施(NPKM)4个处理,于试验开展25年(2015年)小麦收获后采集各处理0~20 cm的土壤样品,利用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术对土壤细菌群落进行测定,并深入揭示影响旱地红壤细菌群落的关键因素。结果表明:(1)长期不同施肥显著改变了旱地红壤的化学性质,N和NPK处理的土壤pH显著降低至4.02和4.15,而NPKM处理的土壤pH显著上升至5.99。NPK和NPKM处理均显著改善土壤肥力,但后者效果明显优于前者,而N处理对土壤肥力的提升效果微弱。(2)长期不同施肥改变了旱地红壤优势菌的相对丰度,非度量多维度分析(NMDS)和相似性分析(ANOSIM)表明不同处理的土壤细菌群落发生显著变化。(3)与CK相比,N处理的4种多样性指数(物种丰富度、Chao1指数、系统发育多样性和香农指数)显著降低了21.4%~49.4%,而NPKM处理显著增加了7.0%~66.9%,NPK处理也会使系统发育多样性和香农指数显著降低10.3%和13.0%。(4)逐步回归分析表明土壤pH是决定优势菌相对丰度及4种多样性指数的首要因素,多元回归树分析(MRT)探明土壤pH共解释了83.1%的细菌群落变异,不同处理间细菌群落转变均由土壤pH驱动。(5)STAMP分析发现,N、NPK和NPKM处理与CK分别有11、14和8个显著差异细菌属。综上所述,长期施肥后旱地红壤细菌群落主要受土壤pH的影响,而土壤肥力的作用相对较弱,长期施用化学氮肥造成的红壤酸化的负面效应已远超肥力改善的正面效应。因此,旱地红壤施肥应以防治土壤酸化为前提,长期化肥有机肥配施是一项适宜的施肥措施。 相似文献
10.
长期不同施肥处理红壤旱地剖面养分分布差异 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
11.
长期施用有机肥对土壤及不同粒级中有机磷含量与分配的影响 总被引:28,自引:0,他引:28
通过在黄棕壤上开展的 14年田间定位试验研究稻 -麦水旱轮作下长期施用有机肥对土壤及不同粒级中有机磷的影响。结果表明 :与不施肥的对照和单施化肥相比 ,有机肥与化肥长期配合施用能显著增加土壤有机磷总量 ;就有机磷的形态而言 ,长期施肥主要增加中等活性有机磷的含量。土壤不同粒级中总有机磷的含量顺序为 :0~ 2 μm >2~ 10 μm >5 0~ 10 0 μm >10~ 5 0 μm。从分配系数上看 ,土壤有机磷各形态中以对植物有效性较高的中等活性有机磷占绝对优势 ,对植物有效性最高的活性有机磷仅占 3 %左右。长期施用有机肥后使分配在活性、中等活性组分中有机磷的比例增加 ,而稳定性有机磷中的比例下降。 相似文献
12.
长期不同施肥对黄壤磷素吸附–解吸特性的影响 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
13.
长期施用不同有机肥对甘薯产量和土壤生物性状的影响 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
以花生—甘薯轮作的长期定位试验为研究对象,研究不同(类)有机肥对甘薯产量、土壤微生物丰度和酶活性的影响,为选取合适的有机肥在提高作物产量和改善土壤生物性状方面提供依据。共选取5个施肥处理:(1)CK,空白对照;(2)NPK,单施化肥;(3)NPK+SR,化肥+稻草;(4)NPK+M,化肥+商品有机肥;(5)NPK+P,化肥+猪粪。结果表明:与CK相比,NPK、NPK+SR、NPK+M和NPK+P处理均显著增加鲜薯产量和地上部生物量(P<0.05),其中NPK+P处理效果最好。与CK比较,NPK处理显著降低土壤细菌、真菌、固氮菌和活化有机磷微生物的丰度(P<0.05),而NPK+SR、NPK+M和NPK+P处理在不同程度上缓解了NPK处理对土壤微生物丰度的抑制作用。土壤酶的加权平均值(GMea)在一定程度上可用来评价土壤酶的总体活性。与CK相比,NPK、NPK+SR和NPK+M处理的土壤酶活性显著降低(P<0.05),而NPK+P处理的土壤酶活性有所提高;对于土壤单一酶活性,NPK+P处理与CK比较显著降低土壤脲酶活性(P<0.05),但显著提高酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性。此外,主成分和相关性分析表明,土壤养分和土壤有机碳与鲜薯产量和地上部生物量显著正相关,土壤pH是驱动土壤微生物丰度和土壤酶活性变化的主要因素。因此,长期有机无机肥配施通过提高土壤养分、有机碳含量以及调节土壤pH变化在提高甘薯产量和改善土壤生物性状方面取得良好效果。总体来说,化肥配施猪粪在培肥地力和增产增收方面效果最佳。 相似文献
14.
肥料重金属含量状况及施肥对土壤和作物重金属富集的影响 总被引:56,自引:5,他引:56
本文对肥料中重金属的含量状况以及施肥对土壤和农作物重金属累积影响的研究进展进行了系统分析和总结。过磷酸钙中锌(Zn)、 铜(Cu)、 镉(Cd)、 铅(Pb)含量高于氮肥、 钾肥和三元复合肥,有机-无机复混肥料中的Pb含量高于其他化肥。有机肥如畜禽粪便、 污泥及其堆肥中的重金属含量高于化肥,猪粪中的Cu、 Zn、 砷(As)、 Cd含量明显高于其他有机废弃物,鸡粪中铬(Cr)含量高;污泥和垃圾堆肥中Pb或汞(Hg)含量高。商品有机肥Zn、 Pb和镍(Ni)含量高于堆肥,Hg含量高于畜禽粪便。多数研究表明,氮磷钾配施与不施肥相比土壤Cd和Pb含量增加,施用有机肥比不施肥提高土壤Cu、 Zn、 Pb、 Cd含量。施用化肥对农作物重金属富集的影响不明确,而施用有机肥可提高作物可食部位Cu、 Zn、 Cd、 Pb 的含量,影响大小与有机肥种类、 用量、 土壤类型和pH以及作物种类等有很大关系。在今后的研究中应着重以下几个方面, 1)典型种植体系下土壤重金属的投入/产出平衡; 2)不同种植体系下长期不同施肥措施对土壤重金属含量、 有效性影响的动态趋势; 3)典型种植体系和施肥措施下土壤对重金属的最高承载年限; 4)现有施肥措施下肥料中重金属的最高限量标准。 相似文献
15.
长期不同施肥措施下塿土细菌群落结构变化及其主要影响因素 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
16.
长期施肥下新疆灰漠土有机碳及作物产量演变 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
为明确长期不同施肥下新疆灰漠土有机碳和作物产量演变特征,依托始于1990年的灰漠土肥力长期定位监测试验,选择对照(CK,不施肥)、施氮磷肥(NP)、氮磷钾平衡施肥(NPK)、氮磷钾配合常量有机肥(NPKM)、氮磷钾配合高量有机肥(h NPKM,有机肥施用量为NPKM的2倍)、氮磷钾配合秸秆还田(NPKS)6个处理,分析不同处理下土壤有机碳和小麦、玉米产量演变特征,探讨碳投入及有机碳与作物产量的关系。结果表明:1)长期耗竭种植(CK)、连续施用NP或NPK肥,灰漠土有机碳含量持续下降,年均下降速率分别为0.094 g·kg~(-1)、0.043 g·kg~(-1)和0.053 g·kg~(-1),表明施化肥(NP、NPK)不能维持土壤有机碳含量,不利于土壤肥力的保持。NPKM和h NPKM处理,土壤有机碳显著增加,年均增加0.360 g·kg~(-1)和0.575 g·kg~(-1),增施有机肥是快速提高灰漠土肥力的重要措施。秸秆还田处理(NKPS),土壤有机碳年均增幅0.006 g·kg~(-1),与NPK处理对比,秸秆还田虽没有大幅度提高土壤有机碳,但维持了土壤肥力。2)较CK,长期化肥有机肥配施(NPKM、h NPKM)显著增加了作物产量(P0.05)。与NP和NPK比较,长期化肥有机肥配施显著提高了小麦产量(P0.05),但玉米产量与施化肥处理差异不显著(P0.05),玉米产量以平衡施肥(NPK)的增幅最高,达到220 kg·hm~(-2)·a~(-1)。小麦的产量变异系数(29.1%~43.9%)高于玉米产量变异(19.0%~32.7%)。化肥配合秸秆还田(NPKS)处理的小麦增产幅度与高量施用有机肥(h NPKM)处理接近,喻示了秸秆还田对作物增产的作用不可忽视。3)碳投入与土壤有机碳和小麦、玉米产量有显著线性正相关(P0.05)。基于以上分析,在干旱区灰漠土增加土壤碳投入(有机肥或秸秆)仍然是最基本的土壤培肥措施。 相似文献
17.
Long-term fertilization regimes affect bacterial community structure and diversity of an agricultural soil in northern China 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
Yuan Ge Jia-bao Zhang Li-mei Zhang Min Yang Ji-zheng He 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2008,8(1):43-50
Background, Aims, and Scope Knowledge about shifts of microbial community structure and diversity following different agricultural management practices
could improve our understanding of soil processes and thus help us to develop sound management strategies. A long-term fertilization
experiment was established in 1989 at Fengqiu (35°00′N, 114°24′E) in northern China. The soil (sandy loam) is classified as
aquic inceptisols and has received continuous fertilization treatments since then. The fertilization treatments included control
(CK, no fertilizer), chemical fertilizers nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) (NK), phosphorous (P) and K (PK), NP, NPK, organic
manure (OM), and half chemical fertilizers NPK plus half organic manure (1/2NPKOM). The objective of this study was to examine
if the microbial community structure and diversity were affected by the long-term fertilization regimes.
Materials and Methods Soil samples were collected from the long-term experimental plots with seven treatments and four replications in April 2006.
Microbial DNAs were extracted from the soil samples and the 16S rRNA genes were PCR amplified. The PCR products were analyzed
by DGGE, cloning and sequencing. The bacterial community structures and diversity were assessed using the DGGE profiles and
the clone libraries constructed from the excised DGGE bands.
Results The bacterial community structure of the OM and PK treatments were significantly different from those of all other treatments.
The bacterial community structures of the four Ncontaining treatments (NK, NP, NPK and 1/2NPKOM), as well as CK, were more
similar to each other. The changes in bacterial community structures of the OM and PK treatments showed higher richness and
diversity. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that Proteobacteria (30.5%) was the dominant taxonomic group of the soil, followed by Acidobacteria (15.3%), Gemmatimonadetes (12.7%), etc.
Discussion Irrespective of the two fertilization treatments of OM and PK, the cluster analysis showed that bacterial communities of the
remaining five treatments of CK, NK, NP, NPK and 1/2NPKOM seemed to be more similar to each other, which indicated the relatively
weak effects of the four N-containing treatments on soil bacterial communities. N fertilizer may be considered as a key factor
to counteract the effects of other fertilizers on microbial communities.
Conclusions Our results show that long-term fertilization regimes can affect bacterial community structure and diversity of the agricultural
soil. The OM and PK treatments showed a trend towards distinct community structures, higher richness and diversity when compared
to the other treatments. Contrasting to the positive effects of OM and PK treatments on the bacterial communities, N fertilizer
could be considered as a key factor in the soil to counteract the effects of other fertilizers on soil microbial communities.
Recommendations and Perspectives Because of the extremely high abundance and diversity of microorganisms in soil and the high heterogeneity of the soil, it
is necessary to further examine the effects of fertilization regimes on microbial community and diversity in different type
soils for comprehensively understanding their effects through the appropriate combination of molecular approaches.
ESS-Submission Editor: Chengrong Chen, PhD (c.chen@griffith.edu.au) 相似文献
18.
Ning Ling Yuming Sun Jinghua Ma Junjie Guo Ping Zhu Chang Peng Guanghui Yu Wei Ran Shiwei Guo Qirong Shen 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2014,50(6):901-911
Particle-size soils were fractionated for evaluating changes in the composition of bacterial community and enzyme activity in response to 13 years of fertilization. This study focused on Mollisol and its particle-size fractions of 200–2,000 μm (coarse sand sized), 63 to 200 μm (fine sand sized), 2 to 63 μm (silt sized), and 0.1 to 2 to μm (clay-sized). Long-term chemical fertilization lowered the pH of all particle fractions, whereas organic fertilizer application mitigated soil acidification. Nutrient concentrations depended on both fertilizer treatment and particle fractions and enzymes were unevenly active throughout the soil. Generally, the highest enzyme activities were observed in the silt and clay fractions of control soil and the soil treated with chemical fertilizer (N, P, and K (NPK)) and in the sand-sized fraction of soil treated with manure and chemical fertilizer (MNPK). Except for acid phosphomonoesterase, the other tested enzyme activities in coarse-sized fractions of MNPK soil were significantly higher than those of the control and NPK soils. Fertilization and soil fraction interactively (p?<?0.05) affected the enzyme activity. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis showed that the bacterial community structure significantly differed in different particle sizes with a higher bacterial diversity in small-sized than in coarse-sized fractions. Dominant bands were excised and sequenced. We have found the following bacterial groups: Actinobacteria, γ-proteobacteria, and Acidobacteria. In addition, enrichment of organic matter in coarser fractions was related to greater bacterial diversity than any other treatment. Principal component analysis showed a smaller variability among fractions of the organic amended treatment. Redundancy analysis showed that the tested properties significantly affected the composition of bacterial community with the exception of C/N and available P. No significant correlation between enzyme activity and bacterial community composition was detected, whereas positive correlations between other soil properties and enzyme activities were observed to various extents. Probably, enzyme activities might be affected by specific functional bacterial communities rather than by the overall bacterial community. We concluded that the long-term application of organic manures contributed to the increase of soil organic matter content of particles higher than 200 mm, with higher bacterial diversity and increases in most of the enzyme activities. 相似文献
19.
【目的】石灰性复垦土壤磷素含量极低且易被其他离子吸附固定,严重影响作物的吸收与利用。研究不同有机肥对石灰性复垦土壤磷吸附解吸特征的影响,为加速培肥煤矿复垦土壤提供技术和理论依据。【方法】在山西省孝义市采煤塌陷区进行了4年的定位培肥试验,共设置了6个处理:不施肥、施鸡粪、施猪粪、施牛粪和氮钾肥、施氮磷钾肥。采集各处理土壤样品进行吸附动力学试验,测定复垦土壤磷最大吸附量、最大缓冲容量、吸附饱和度、解吸率,并分析影响磷吸附解吸的关键因素。【结果】采用Langmuir等温吸附方程可以极好地拟合复垦土壤对磷的吸附(R2=0.924~0.992)。复垦年限和施肥处理以及二者的交互作用均对复垦土壤磷吸附解吸产生显著影响。随复垦年限的增加,土壤磷最大吸附量显著降低,而土壤磷吸附饱和度和解吸率显著增加。与复垦第1年相比,复垦第4年各施肥处理的土壤磷最大吸附量降低了12%~26%,土壤磷吸附饱和度增加了218%~885%,土壤磷解吸率增加了86%~118%。与两个化肥处理相比,3种有机肥处理下土壤磷最大吸附量显著降低了30%,最大缓冲容量降低了31%,土壤磷吸附饱和度增加了34%,磷... 相似文献
20.
不同施肥处理对长期不施肥区稻田土壤微生物生态特性的影响 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
采用室内恒温培养方法,研究了不同施肥处理对水稻长期肥料试验中不施肥区(CK)和全肥区(NPK)土壤酶活性及微生物群落结构的变化。结果表明,施肥处理(单施化肥、施猪粪和施秸杆)可以显著提高土壤的微生物量碳以及脲酶、酸性磷酸酶的活性,施用有机肥的效果明显大于单施化肥; 有机肥在无肥区(CK)的施用效果与在全肥区(NPK)的效果接近。PLFA分析表明,施肥使无肥区(CK)土壤微生物群落结构发生了显著的变化,施用有机肥显著增加了土壤微生物群落结构的多样性。与不施肥和单施化肥相比,施有机肥主要增加了细菌和真菌的特征脂肪酸如不饱和脂肪酸、环状脂肪酸cy19∶0等的相对含量,而降低了放线菌标记性脂肪酸10Me18∶0的相对含量。 相似文献