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1.
新生反刍动物血浆cAMP和cGMP水平变化初探 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
初步观察了６头黑白花犊牛和３只湖羊羔生后２４ｈ内血浆环腺苷酸（ｃＡＭＰ）和环鸟苷酸（ｃＧＭＰ）水平变化。结果表明：犊牛出生时ｃＡＭＰ和ｃＧＭＰ分别为１．１２±０．１０ｐＭ／ｍｌ和０．８７±０．０４ｐＭ／ｍｌ，羔羊生后１ｈ分别为１．２０±０．０１ｐＭ／ｍｌ和０．３９±０．０１ｐＭ／ｍｌ，在生后２～４ｈ内犊牛和羔羊ｃＡＭＰ和ｃＧＭＰ均呈上升趋势，以后在相对高水平波动直至２４ｈ，ｃＡＭＰ／ｃＧＭＰ比值生后较高，２ｈ内下降，以后处于较低的比值直至２４ｈ 相似文献
2.
将４０头体重相近的杜长大断奶仔猪随机分成４组，分别喂以１＃料（天津正大仔猪料、第１组）、２＃料（天津正大仔猪料加０．１％复合酶，第２组）、３＃料（天津正大仔猪料加０．１％复合酶，再加１６０ｇ多维素／１吨料，第３组）；４＃料（天津正大仔猪料加０．１％复合酶、１６０ｇ多维素／１吨料、２ｋｇＺｎＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ／１吨料，第４组），进行饲养对比试验。结果是：１、２、３、４组试验末重分别为１６．８９±０．９６ｋｇ、１６．７０±０．８２ｋｇ、１９．０９±０．９９ｋｇ、１９．２１±０．８７ｋｇ，经方差分析，组间差异极显著Ｐ＜０．０１，料肉比分别为１．６１：１，２．１０：１，１．７９：１，１．６７：１。经济效益分析结果表明４组最好，３组次之，１组又次之，２组最差 相似文献
3.
黑白花奶牛犊牛的行为观测 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对２５头黑白花奶牛初生犊牛的行为观察，结果表明，初生犊牛最早吃乳时间１．１±０．１２小时，最早吃料时间７．５±２．３天，最早吃草时间１０．５±１．７５天。每日活动时间１月龄前为１．８±０．１６小时，断乳后为５．７±１．６４小时；休息时间１月龄前为１６．１０±４．７５小时，断乳后为１３．０４±３．７８小时；反刍时间１月龄前为４．１６±１．５５小时，断乳后为６．５０±２．９３小时；反刍次数１月龄前为１４．１６±１．７５次／日，断奶后为１１．７８±１．４８次／日。 相似文献
4.
健康牛,羊瘤胃内环境参数 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
对３６头健康黄牛和３４只健康东北细毛羊的瘤胃内环境参数进行了测定。牛、羊分别为：漂浮沉降试验（５．０９±１．１）和（５．５９±１．１３）ｍｉｎ，次甲基蓝反应（５．０６±０．６０）和（４．０３±０．９０）ｍｉｎ，ＰＨ值６．８１±０．４１和６．０６±１．５４，总酸度（２０．４９±３．９５）和（２０．９４±４．０１）Ｕ；乙酸（３０．７３±１１．３８）和（３７．１２±１３．０３）ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，丙酸（１５． 相似文献
5.
运输性应激对商品猪影响的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
商品猪７２０头，每头体重７５～１００ｋｇ。按常规行车，经历２小时，行程５０ｋｍ的公路汽车运输试验观测．在运输过程中猪只表现兴奋、不安和互相干扰、咬斗等现象。运输结束后表现精神沉郁和食欲不振。对猪的生理状态影响显著，心博率显著加快；运输前平均为７５．５±４．６次／分钟，运输后平均为９９．２３±１４次／分钟（Ｐ＜０．０１）；呼吸率显著增加，运输前平均为１２．２５±３．４次／分钟．运输后平均为２４．３±３．２次／分钟．（Ｐ＜０．０１）；体温明显增高．运输前平均为３９．３±０．３℃，运输后平均为３９．９８±０．５℃（Ｐ＜０．０５）。体重耗损较大．运输前平均为８８．５±３．１ｋｇ，运输后平均为８４．７±２．５ｋｇ，耗重率平均为４．３％。病残猪为２５头（占３．４％），死亡８头（占１．１％）．共计为４．５％。 相似文献
6.
柴达木黄牛十项肝功能试验指标测定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对青海省９４头柴达木黄牛的十项肝功能试验指标测定结果。ＺｎＴＴ—７．７４±２．８２孔氏单位；ＴＴＴ—１．０２±０．１４麦氏单位；ＧＰＴ活性—１２５．５±５４．０ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ；ＧＯＴ—活性３２４．９±１１６．７（ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ）；血清患蛋白７３．１５±５．９１ｇ／Ｌ；白蛋白４４．７０±６．２０ｇ／Ｌ，球蛋白２８．４５ｇ／Ｌ；血清蛋白质组分白蛋白６１．１３±６．１３％，α１—球蛋白２．９８±１．０６％，α２—球蛋白９．４０±１．９６％，β—球蛋白７．０６±１．３３％，γ—球蛋白１９．７６±４．７９％，Ａ／Ｇ之比—１．６３±０．４３。同时对犊牛、成年牛和公母牛之间的肝功能试验指标测定结果进行比较。 相似文献
7.
GnRH类似物LRH—A3配合FSH对超排母牛胚胎质量的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
对４５头供体母牛随机用ＦＳＨ＋ＬＲＨ－Ａ３和ＦＳＨ进行超排处理。其中ＦＳＨ＋ＬＲＨ－Ａ３处理供体５２头次，ＦＳＨ处理供体２２头次；ＦＳＨ＋ＬＲＨ－Ａ３头处理组平均获得卵数，可用胚胎数分别是１０．１±８．０枚，７．４±６．９枚，与ＦＳＨ处理组（二指标分别是９．３±６．２枚，３．６±２．７）相比，分别高８．６％，１０５．６％，且二组超排获得可用胚胎数差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）。 相似文献
8.
犊牛水中毒，也叫犊牛溶血性血色素尿病，亦称犊牛阵发性血红蛋白尿症，它是以血红蛋白尿为特征的一种疾病。１９９８年３、４、８、９、１０月某乳用牛场相继发现平均年龄１１２天±２０天的１０头１６次犊牛溶血性血色素尿病，现将诊治情况报告如下。１发病原因该乳用牛... 相似文献
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10.
含野血牦牛八项血清生化指标测定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对大通种牛场８０头含野血牦牛８项血清生化指标进行了测定。结果：含野血成年牦牛的血清钾、钠、总钙、游离钙、游离钙百分率、氯、无机磷、总蛋白分别为６．０１±０．９３ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，１３３．０５±５．４５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，２．４５±０．４２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，１．０２±０．４７ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，３９．３４±１３．４２％，１００．９４±７．３６ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，２．５３±０．５４ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，６７．４０±７．３０ｇ／Ｌ；２～３月龄含野血牦牛的相应指标分别为４．９２±０．６７ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，１３５．７５±４．９９ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，２．０３±０．２７ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，０．４６±０．２２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，２１．３３±９．０３％，９７．３２±４．２４ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，３．０６±０．２２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，７５．１±３．２ｇ／Ｌ。 相似文献
11.
The efficacy of the morantel sustained release bolus (MSRB) in controlling gastrointestinal parasitism in beef cattle was assessed during the 1982 spring-autumn grazing season. Forty-eight cows and their calves were allotted to three equal groups. One group (T-1) served as a nonmedicated control group. One MSRB was administered to each calf of the T-2 group, and to each cow and calf of the T-3 group at the beginning of the study. The efficacy of the bolus was assessed by comparison of weight gain performance and parasitological data (fecal worm egg counts, herbage larval counts, worm counts from tracer and principal trial calves, and plasma pepsinogen level determinations). Though not statistically significant, treated calves from Group T-2 had a numerical mean weight gain advantage of 2.6 kg, and those from Group T-3 of 4.7 kg, over control calves. Average daily gains (ADG) for the three groups of calves were 0.69, 0.72, and 0.73 kg, respectively. Untreated cows from Group T-2 and treated cows from Group T-3 outperformed the control cows by 12.3 and 7.5 kg, respectively. Fecal worm egg counts from both groups of treated calves were significantly (P less than 0.01) lower than counts from control calves during the entire 169-day trial; notably, egg counts were reduced by 99% 28 days after MSRB administration to both groups of calves. There were no significant differences in the number of eggs counted from the three groups of cows, probably because of the very low numbers of eggs encountered. Mean total worm burdens of principal calves (six per group) necropsied at trial termination indicated a 91% (P less than 0.01) reduction in Group T-2 and an 87% reduction (P less than 0.01) in Group T-3. Worm-free tracer calves were introduced onto pastures every 28 days to monitor availability of infective larvae. The mean number of worms recovered at necropsy from tracer calves that grazed with control cattle increased as the season progressed. However, the numbers of parasites recovered each month from mid-August through mid-October from tracers that grazed pastures with treated cattle were lower (P less than 0.05) than those levels displayed at trial initiation. In addition, the mean numbers of worms from treated group tracers were lower than from the controls for each necropsy period.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) 相似文献
12.
D E Hughes R H Kohlmeier G W Pugh G D Booth 《American journal of veterinary research》1979,40(2):241-244
A vaccination study for infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis was conducted on 108 newborn Hereford calves in the US Department of Agriculture Meat Animal Research Center cattle herd at Clay Center, Nebraska. Groups were allocated so that age of calf, sex of calf, and age of dam were equally distributed between the 54 vaccinated (group I) and the 54 nonvaccinated (group 2) control calves. The dams of both groups of calves were monitored as group 3 controls. An autogenous Moraxella bovis bacterin (formalin-killed, whole cells) was given IM at birth and at approximate intervals of 2 weeks for a total of 3 doses. Bacterial isolation rates for the cattle in groups 1, 2, and 3 during the summer were 92.6%, 92.6%, and 54.1%, respectively, and disease rates were 100%, 96.3%, and 70.6%. The rates were significantly (P less than 0.05) different between calves and cows. Vaccination of calves at birth permitted serum antibodies to develop before the calves were extensively exposed to infection; however, immunity to the disease did not develop. In a treatment study of other animals in the same herd, but in another pasture, the same criteria were used for allocation of 107 cow-calf pairs. Eye spray was applied to treated principals (group 4, 52 calves; and group 6, 53 cows) each week after examination and sample collection. Controls consisted of 54 calves (group 5) and 54 cows (group 7) that were examined and cultured bacteriologically in the same manner. The bacterial isolation and disease rates were less (P less than 0.05) in the treated calves (group 4) than in the nontreated controls (group 5). The differences in bacterial isolation rates between groups 6 and 7 were not significant, but group 6 had less (P less than 0.05) grade III lesions than did group 7. Weekly treatment appeared to be more effective in reducing the incidence of disease than did vaccination. 相似文献
13.
H Ciordia H C McCampbell G V Calvert R E Plue 《American journal of veterinary research》1984,45(11):2455-2457
A total of 469 cows and calves from 2 herds, each on 6 pastures, was used to evaluate the anthelmintic efficacy and animal-performance benefits of ivermectin given subcutaneously at a dosage of 200 micrograms/kg to nursing beef calves and their dams during a grazing season. Pastures were paired across the 2 herds. Three pasture groups from 1 herd were randomly assigned to either a nonmedicated control or to a medicated group. Treatment assignments were reversed in the other herd. The control groups comprised 110 cows and 108 calves, whereas 127 cows and 124 calves were treated with ivermectin (200 micrograms/kg). The cows were treated once, in late spring, and the calves were treated twice, once in late spring and again in midsummer. Cattle from one herd were weighed on days - 12, 21, 49, 77 (day of 2nd treatment for calves), and 105, and the other herd was weighed on days - 6, 23, 57, 86 (day of 2nd treatment for calves), and 113. Rectal fecal samples for nematode egg counts were obtained from approximately 25% of the cattle in each pasture on weighing days; usually, the same cattle were sampled each time. Calves treated with ivermectin gained (P less than 0.05) more weight than control calves up to the 2nd treatment date and up to the termination of the study. There was no significant difference between treated and control cows, with regard to weight gain over either interval. Treated calves had fewer positive fecal egg counts (P less than 0.01) and passed fewer eggs (P less than 0.05) after both treatments than did control calves. There were no differences in either number of eggs or number of negative cows between treatment groups. Adverse reactions attributable to treatment were not seen. 相似文献
14.
John Maas Bruce R Hoar Daniel M Myers Justin Tindall Birgit Puschner 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2008,20(1):86-89
Three groups of beef cow and calf pairs were studied to determine plasma vitamin E and blood selenium (Se) concentrations of calves at 1 month old. Group 1 was managed on irrigated pasture and calves received no Se/vitamin E injections at birth. Group 2 was managed on irrigated pasture, and the calves were injected with Se/vitamin E at birth. Group 3 was managed on dry foothill grasslands, and these cows were supplemented with 56.3 mg vitamin E and 3 mg Se daily, and the calves received a Se/vitamin E injection at birth. The plasma concentration of vitamin E in group 1 and 2 cows (9.5 +/- 1.24 and 8.43 +/- 1.0 microg/ml, respectively) was significantly higher than that of the group 3 cows (2.28 +/- 0.42 microg/ml; P < 0.05). The blood Se concentrations in group 3 cows (169 +/- 37 ng/ml) were significantly higher than those in group 1 and 2 cows (36.4 +/- 15.9 and 31.1 +/- 12.5 ng/ml, respectively; P < 0.05). Calf Se was highly correlated to cow Se (r = 0.965), and calf vitamin E was moderately correlated to cow vitamin E (r = 0.605). Calf vitamin E concentrations were consistently lower than cow vitamin E concentrations, and many values would be considered deficient. 相似文献
15.
The effects of copper supplementation on the copper status of 40 late-pregnant Aubrac beef cows grazing a copper-deficient pasture and later fed a marginally deficient diet were studied for five months. They were divided into four equal groups; the control group received no copper supplement, groups 1 and 2 received copper as copper sulphate at 10 and 30 mg/kg of diet dry matter (DM), respectively, for five months, and group 3 received 120 mg/kg of diet dry matter for 10 days. Plasma copper concentration and the activity of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (eSOD) were measured at the beginning of the experiment, in the cows and calves during weeks 1 and 3 after calving, and in the calves before they were turned out to pasture at a mean (sd) age of 51 (26) days. In spite of the low dietary copper content (4.2 mg/kg of DM), the plasma copper concentration of the control cows increased during the winter. All the copper supplements resulted in normal and similar plasma copper concentrations in the cows after calving, but the concentration decreased slightly between weeks 1 and 3 after calving in the group supplemented for 10 days. The treatments did not affect the eSOD of the cows. The calves born to the four groups showed the same patterns of plasma copper and eSOD. Compared with the cows, the calves had low plasma copper concentrations at week 1 and values in the normal range at week 3; their eSOD was high at weeks 1 and 3 but decreased after week 3. 相似文献
16.
L G Rickard G L Zimmerman E P Hoberg J K Bishop R J Pettitt 《Veterinary parasitology》1992,41(1-2):45-55
The reproductive performance of beef cows and the weight gain of their calves was evaluated after oral administration of clorsulon or clorsulon in combination with the subcutaneous administration of ivermectin. One hundred and fifty pregnant cows harboring infections of Fasciola hepatica were assigned to one of three treatment groups: Group 1 comprising 50 unmedicated controls; Group 2, 50 cows treated with clorsulon orally at 7 mg kg-1; Group 3, 50 cows treated with clorsulon orally at 7 mg kg-1 and ivermectin subcutaneously at 200 micrograms kg-1. Weights and body condition scores of the cows were measured and fecal and blood samples were taken at trial initiation and days 158 and 270. Pregnancy status was also determined at day 270. Weights and body condition scores were measured for the calves at days 158 and 270. Adjusted 205 day weaning weight of the calves was calculated and analyzed for differences between treatment groups. Four sets of tracer calves were used periodically throughout the trial to monitor the helminth challenge to the herd. Both gastro-intestinal nematodes and liver flukes were transmitted to the tracer calves during the entire trial. Even in the face of continual helminth challenge, beef cows treated with combined clorsulon/ivermectin conceived approximately 2 weeks earlier than their untreated counterparts and their calves had better body condition scores and weights than untreated calves. 相似文献
17.
18.
M Border 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1976,40(3):265-269
Prothrombin times, partial thromboplastin times and platelet counts were performed to determine normal values and to screen for coagulation defects of precolostral calves. The precolostral calves were in two groups: one group of a few calves was tested two years before the second larger group. The results for both groups were similar. The tests were performed on postcolostral calves and on mature cows to compare their values with those of precolostral calves. The mean values of prothrombin times and partial thromboplastin times of precolostral calves in the first group were 18.8 seconds and 54.8 seconds respectively. The mean values of prothrombin times and partial thromboplastin times of precolostral calves in the second group were 18.8 seconds and 50.8 seconds respectively. The mean platelet count was 422,400/cmm for the first group and 482,800/cmm for the second group. 相似文献
19.
Efficacy of salinomycin in treatment of experimental Eimeria bovis infections in calves 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The efficacy of salinomycin for treatment of experimental Eimeria bovis infections was evaluated. In experiment 1, 18 calves were placed into four groups. Group 1 calves were nonmedicated controls; groups 2, 3, and 4 calves were given salinomycin (0.33, 0.66, and 1.00 mg/kg of body weight, respectively) in daily oral divided doses starting 2 or 3 days prior to E bovis inoculations and continuing until postinoculation day (PID) 21. Calves treated with 0.66 and 1.00 mg/kg (groups 3 and 4) passed substantially fewer oocysts than did control calves (group 1) or calves treated with 0.33 mg/kg (group 2). Group 1 control calves had typical signs of severe E bovis infections, whereas signs of infection in medicated calves were almost nonexistant. Experiment 2 was conducted as before, with 15 calves. Group 5 calves were nonmedicated controls; groups 6, 7, and 8 calves were treated with 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/kg, respectively. All group 8 calves and three of four group 7 calves had nearly complete suppression of oocyst excretions. The severity of the disease in the group 5 control calves was not as extensive as it was in group 1 control calves. In experiment 3, 16 calves were used. Group 9 calves were nonmedicated controls, whereas other calves were given salinomycin (2.0 mg/kg) during PID 3 to 7 (group 10), PID 8 to 12 (group 11), and PID 13 to 17 (group 12). Salinomycin therapy in group 2 calves resulted in substantial reductions in oocyst excretions and clinical signs. 相似文献
20.
Sub-clinical parasitism in spring-born single suckled beef calves was investigated from the middle of their first grazing season until weaning or housing later the same year. The study was conducted on four beef suckler herds in southern England over a 3-year period and involved a total of 334 spring-born beef suckler calves and their dams. The animals were grazed extensively on pastures naturally infected with nematode larvae. At the start of each period of observation, faecal samples were taken from calves and cows and subjected to routine worm egg counts; calves were re-sampled at the end of the grazing season.In July in each year and at each location the calves were ranked by initial weight within sex, paired according to rank and randomly allocated to either an untreated control group or a group in which the calves were each treated with an ivermectin sustained-release (SR) bolus. The calves in both trial groups, and their dams, were grazed together until weaning or housing. The calves were weighed at the initial allocation and at the end of the study. The adult cows were not treated with any anthelmintic during the study.The faecal nematode egg counts (FECs) conducted in July showed that the suckler cows were excreting worm eggs at low concentrations: range 0-100 eggs per gram (epg), with one individual count of 500epg, 88% of the cows sampled had counts of <50epg. Similarly, the counts from the calf samples were fairly low in July: range 0-250epg, 73% of the calves sampled had counts of <50epg. By the end of the grazing season, the faecal samples from the untreated control calves showed higher values: range 0-650epg, with only 58% having an epg of <50.The average rate of daily liveweight gain in the untreated heifer calves was 0.79kg per day, the corresponding figure for the heifer calves treated with the ivermectin SR bolus in mid-summer was 0.88kg per day; the difference of 90g per day was significantly different (P=0.0118). The average rate of daily liveweight gain in the untreated bull calves was 0.91kg per day, the corresponding figure for the bull calves treated with the ivermectin SR bolus in mid-summer was 1.01kg per day; the difference was significantly different (P=0.0169). 相似文献