共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 26 毫秒
1.
2.
Eight provenances of 19-year-oldPicea koraiensis Nakai from the provenance trials of Maoershan (45°20′N, 127°30′E), Liangshui (47°10′N, 128°53′E) and Jiagedaqi (50°24′N,
124°07′E) in Northeast China were investigated to analyze the genetic variation in growth characteristics (tree height and
diameter) and wood characteristics (tracheid length, tracheid diameter, tracheid wall thickness, annual ring width as well
as wood density). Great variation in height growth and breast height diameter growth was observed among the provenances, and
along with the increase of tree age, these provenances presented different geographic adaptability. The growth characteristics
ofPicea koraiensis stand at age of 10 in Maoershan and Liangshui provenance trials had a positive correlation with longitude, and with increase
of tree age to 15 and 19, the tree growth of the provenances displayed a significant positive correlation with latitude as
well as altitude. For wood characteristics, great variation was also found among the provenances. There exists a close relation
between growth characteristics and wood properties of the provenance. The height and breast height diameter growth of the
provenance had a positive correlation with tracheid diameter and annual ring width, and a negative correlation with tracheid
wall thickness and wood density. Genetic performance of the provenance in all above characteristics was also investigated
in order to provide more useful information for comprehensive selection of this species for pulpwood and plywood production.
Foundation item: The paper was supported by National Key Project of The State Forestry Administration. (96-011-01-06)
Biography: WANG Qiu-yu (1957-), female, professor in College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R.
China.
Responsible editor: Song Funan 相似文献
3.
The changes of fractal dimension ofPicea koraiensis seedlings under different light intensities in natural secondary forests was studied. The results showed that with the change
of light environment, crown characters ofPicea koraiensis seedlings exhibited a greater plastic in lateral number, lateral increment, lateral dry weight, and specific leaf area. The
range of calculated fractal dimensions of seedling crowns was confined between 2.5728 and 2.1036, but maximum of fractal dimension
achieved in term moderate shading and in extreme low light conditions fractal dimension was least.
Foundation item: This paper was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.39670152) and Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Biography: ZHOU Yong-bin (1970-), female, Ph. Doctor, lecture in Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, P.R. China
Responsible editor: Song Funan 相似文献
4.
Through studying seven analytic trees from two stands ofPinus koraiensis artificial forests, the results show that the individual variation coefficient of tree heigh, dbh and volume decreases with
age increasing after age of 25. Age of 25 is the age that difference of individual growth is from acute difference to comparatively
stability. The optimum selection age is 25a forPinus koraiensis’s artificial forests according to the analysis of juvenile-mature correlation, and early selection efficiency.
(Responsible Editor: Zhu Hong) 相似文献
5.
6.
Fallen wood decomposition rate ofPinus koraiensis andTilia amurensis in broadleaved Korean pine forest was studied in this paper. The result showed that decomposition rate of fallen wood was
different from that of little diameter wood and coarse woody debris for the same tree species. Fallen wood decomposition was
generally rotten from outside to inside. And decomposition speed of fallen woods was different according to tree species and
site, and it was also related to diameter of fallen woods. Decomposition depth ofTilia amurensis fallen wood for 17 years was 14 cm, but that ofPinus koraiensis in the same condition was less than 7 cm.Tilia amurensis was decomposed faster thanPinus koraiensis. For same tree species, if the diameter was small, the decomposition speed was quick.
This project was supported by Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 39670144) and funded by the Opened Research Station
of Changhai Mountain Forest Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
(Responsible editor: Zhu Hong) 相似文献
7.
By investigation, studying and discussion for 9 years, the determination that it should bePinus sibirica growing in the Mohc county, Daxing’anling Mountains area, China, rather thanpinus koraiensis there, is made to correct a false argument in some works from 1950s’ till now thatPinus koraiensis area limit reach Daxing’anling Mountain. The results are as follows: (1) The species so called asPinus koraiensis found in northwest of Daxing’anling Mountain isPinus Sibirica indeed; There are no natural distribution ofPinus Koraiensis in Daxing’anling Mountain. Its northwest area limit only reach Shengshan, Aihui county; (3) There is about 500km of space
between the area limits ofPinus koraiensis and that ofPinus sibirica, no mixed growing area. According to above, a sketch map is made to describe different area limit of the two species at Daxing’anling
Mountain and nearby. 相似文献
8.
Tracheid Dimensions in Relation to Shoot Vigour in Picea 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Radial tracheid diameter is shown to be correlated with rateof shoot growth in Picea sitchensis and Picea abies; this relationshippresumably accounts for the negative correlation between rateof shoot growth and calculated wall material per unit area,since wall thickness does not vary with shoot vigour. Tracheiddiameter is also correlated with ring width and rate of xylemincrement in P. abies. It is suggested that it may be possibleto predict wood density from the rate of shoot elongation, asdistinct from its duration. 相似文献
9.
油松管胞形态特征的变异 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
本文研究分析了山西中条山产地油松管胞形态特征的变异。管胞长度自髓心向外,首先迅速增加,13年后管胞长度增加缓慢,20年后保持相对稳定。管胞长度沿树干主轴自基部向上逐渐增加,5.3m高处最长,然后向上变短,树冠区域管胞长度最短。形成层原始细胞长度随着原始细胞年增大,开始递增,达到最大值后又递减。管胞直径、胞壁厚度自髓心向外增加。管胞直径轴向变化由树干基部开始向上增大,然后又减小。管胞长宽比、壁腔比的径向变异与管胞长度的径向变异模式相似。生长轮内管胞长度从早材到晚材,开始减小,然后增加,最小值位于早晚材过渡处。 相似文献
10.
M. P. Denne 《Wood Science and Technology》1971,5(2):135-146
Summary Changes in tracheid length during the development of primary and secondary xylem are analysed in relation to the division and elongation of cambial initials, in first year seedlings ofPinus sylvestris andPicea sitchensis. During primary and early secondary growth tracheid length varies with leaf internode length, but this relationship soon becomes obscured during later secondary growth. Correlations between seedling height and tracheid length thus depend on variation in tracheid length with radial xylem increment before and after terminal bud production. Since the relation between shoot and tracheid length is a complex one, the clonseness of the correlation varies with environmental treatment, but overall, a doubling of shoot length increased tracheid length by about 10%.I am grateful to ProfessorS. D. Richardson andDr. G. K. Elliott for many helpful suggestions. This work was financed by a grant from the Natural Environment Research Council. Plants were grown from seed kindly supplied by the Forestry Commission Research Division (Scotland and North England). 相似文献
11.
[目的]通过测定和分析广西融水种源红心杉木优树材质性状指标,以了解该地区红心杉木材性状变异规律。[方法]以广西融水种源60株20年生的红心杉木优树为研究材料,测定单株材积、红心率、基本密度、组织比量、管胞性状、微纤丝角等10个材质性状指标,分析各材性性状指标分布和变异规律及性状间的相关关系。[结果]表明:红心率、基本密度、木射线比量、管胞比量、管胞长、管胞宽、管胞长宽比等性状数据分布服从正态分布。融水两个地区红心杉优树轴向薄壁细胞比量的变异系数分别为35.08%和44.97%,变异较大。管胞比量变异系数分别为3.28%和3.56%,变异较小。红心率、木射线比量、管胞长、管胞宽、微纤丝角等性状差异极显著(P0.01),轴向薄壁细胞比量差异显著(P0.05)。10个材质性状间存在12对表型显著相关。[结论]测定的10个性状均是连续性数量性状。早、晚材的管胞长度、管胞宽度和管胞长宽比等性状数据呈从心材至边材逐渐增加的规律。作为重要经济性状的红心率与木射线比量呈极显著正相关(P0.01),单株材积与轴向薄壁细胞比量呈显著正相关(P0.05),而单株材积与基本密度的相关性不显著,这使红心杉木生长量与材性相结合的遗传改良成为可能。 相似文献
12.
SUHan-ying LINDai-bin 《林业研究》2003,14(1):83-86
The investigation was carried out on 10-year-old plantation of Fraxinus mandshurica in Mao‘er Mountain Experimental Station of Northeast Forest University.tree height(H),diameter at breast height(D1.3) and the increment of tree height in 5 years (H5),the thickness of humus layer,as well as the soil moisture were measured for the plantation and the growth indexes(H,D1.3,H5) for different site conditions were analyzed.The results showedthat main site factors influencing the growth of Fraxinus mandshurica were soil moisture,gradient and location of siope in order.The growth of Fraxinus mandshurica was better on the middle-or up-slope site than on the down-slope site.Soil moisture and late frost caused by terrain are the main reasons that limit the growth of Fraxinus mandshurica plantation. 相似文献
13.
Shuisong Zhang Changfa Chen Shouqing He Kexuan Wu Yousheng Zhan 《Frontiers of Forestry in China》2008,3(3):254-263
In the intermediate cutting intensity experiment of a Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation for 20 years, the changing pattern of natural thinning in these stands, with different intermediate cutting intensities,
was studied. The relationship between the number of trees removed by natural thinning and stand density and site conditions
was explained. The mathematical equation M = K
1·K
2 of natural thinning lines of C. lanceolata stand density management maps was tested and the relationship of diameter, height and canopy structure of stands with different
intermediate cutting intensities are proposed. Our study of natural thinning in these stands indicates that the starting and
peak periods of natural thinning in the check and slightly thinned plots were both early. The amount of thinned wood was large
and the course of thinning proceeded continuously. The three levels of thinning: the slight thinning period, the intensive
thinning period and the continued thinning period could be divided on the basis of the amount of thinned wood. Natural thinning
would be a very long process without artificial interference. The starting and peak periods of thinning in the middle and
strong intermediate felling are both late and present intermittence. Their thinning stages were not clearly evident. Through
our studies, we also discovered that stand density and site conditions had important effects on the number of dead and dying
trees, but that density was more important than site conditions. By way of tests, the relative error of the mathematical equation
of natural thinning lines of C. lanceolata stand density management maps was 3.91% and the precision was relatively high. The practical test results of the stands,
given different intermediate cutting intensities and different site indices, show that the relative error of the check plots
was 5.23%, while the relative errors of the other tested items were all < 5%, well within the allowable experimental error.
The mathematical equation was comparatively practical. The study demonstrated the distribution laws of diameter and height
classes of the stand at different intermediate cutting intensities. From this study we also obtained the growth differences
and changing dynamics of the height to the first branch, canopy length and relative canopy height of the stand at different
intermediate cutting intensities and various related patterns with an increase of stand age and proposed a mathematical model
relating stand age and the single-tree periodic volume increment.
__________
Translated from Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2006, 42(1): 55–62 [[译自: 林业科学] 相似文献
14.
On the basis of a multilevel nonlinear mixed?effects model approach, branch diameter and length growth models were developed for a Pinus koraiensis plantation in north?east China. The models developed were able to better capture the residual variation successfully by partitioning the residual variance into plot?, tree? and branch? level variations via random parameter modeling at the three levels. In addition to random effects, various time series correlation structures were evaluated to account for residual autocorrelation, and the AR(1) and ARMA(1,1) structures were selected for the branch diameter and length growth models, respectively. Model validation results using an independent data set confirmed that multilevel mixed models with an appropriate correlation structure produced more accurate and precise branch?specified diameter and length predictions. Overall, the models were suitable in describing the trends and inherent variability of crown profile and good enough to be included in growth simulation systems for Pinus koraiensis plantations. 相似文献
15.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):462-469
Abstract Wood properties, including tracheid cross-sectional dimensions, show a large degree of variation. To improve the properties of products made from wood, different methods to control variation have been developed. This study aims to determine the theoretical efficiency of three control strategies: the fractionation of pulped tracheids into earlywood and latewood, the separation of juvenile and mature wood, and sorting of logs according to tree size. The efficiency of each method was studied by first constructing virtual trees from measured tracheid cross-sectional dimensions, then simulating the efficiency of above-mentioned methods. The tracheid dimension data include Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). The simulations show that separation into earlywood and latewood classes has the highest theoretical efficiency and yields the lowest variances in raw material. Classification into juvenile and mature wood groups is the second most efficient method, and the sorting of logs according to the size class of the tree is the least efficient method. It was also concluded that the variation in cell-wall thickness and radial diameter mainly originates from differences between earlywood and latewood, whereas the variation in tangential diameter mainly originates from differences between mature and juvenile wood. 相似文献
16.
The influences of cambial age and ring width on density of Sitkaspruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr) were analysed in relationto within-tree trends in tracheid diameter and cell wall thickness.Discs were sampled at breast height from a total of 24 trees,from seven stands at three contrasting sites in Wales, and atbreast height, 30 per cent and 60 per cent total tree heightfrom one of the stands. Across the juvenile wood, ring density decreased with ring numberfrom the pith while radial tracheid diameter increased. Theseoverall trends were considered to be inherent to tree growth,presumably associated with cambial ageing, since they occurredin all trees on all sites. In juvenile wood, density also variedwith site growth rate (as indicated by ring width) at similarcambial age, wider rings being associated with more rapidrateof change in tracheid diameter with ring number and with decreasein tracheid wall thickness. Consequently, on a site having treeswith high growth rate density decreased more rapidly acrossthe juvenile wood, down to a lower minimum value, than on siteswith a slower growth rate. In mature wood, the decrease in densitywith increase in ring width was associated with differencesin both tracheid diameter and wall thickness. Density was slightly(though not significantly) higher at breast height than in comparablerings at 30 per cent total height, associated with significantlythicker tracheid walls at breast height. Changes in radial tracheid diameter (with ring number, or withring width) were associated with greater differences in theearlywood than towards the latewood end of each growth ring,while variations in wall thickness with ring width were associatedwith rate of increase in wall thickness towards the latewoodend. This may account for some previously conflicting reportson influence of silvicultural management on density, for densityis likely to vary with influence of environment on the seasonalcycle of cambial activity. The extent of the juvenile wood as delimited by the inner coreof wide growth rings does not necessarily correspond to theregion of varying tracheid dimensions in Sitka spruce. 相似文献
17.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):14-29
Genetic parameters were estimated for wood and growth traits in two 19-yr-old clonal trials and a 40-yr-old full-sib progeny trial of Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.]. In the clonal trials high (>0.4) broad-sense heritabilities were found for wood density traits, lignin content, number of internal cracks, growth traits, spiral grain and number of resin canals. Moderate (0.2–0.4) heritabilities were found for tracheid lumen diameter and cell wall thickness, microfibril angle and tracheid length, while low heritabilities (<0.2) were found for pulp yield, fibre strength, wood stiffness and wood colour. Lignin content and pulp yield showed low genetic variation, whereas the genotypic coefficient of variation for most other traits ranged between 5 and 15%. Most traits showed low levels of genotype by environment interaction. Among the wood properties, latewood proportion, earlywood density and ring density showed significant, adverse correlations with volume in both clonal trials. 相似文献
18.
The exoticSonneratia apetala in Leizhou Peninsula, has shown outstanding fast-growing ability in restored mangrove forests, at the middle and high tide
intertidal zone, with year-round fresh water input from drainage. By setting plot and selecting standard tree, investigation
and measurement on height growth, diameter growth, biomass, productivity, and so on, were made in aS. apetala plantation at age of six at Lanbel, Fucheng, Leizhou Peninsula in May 2001. The investigating results showed that the mean
annual height growth of plantation was 2.03 m and mean annual growth of diameter at breast height (DBH) was 2.35 cm. There
exists a significant correlation between the diameter at ground surface (DGS) and DBH. The average biomass of a single standard
tree in dry weight was 95.647 kg/m2. A ratio of above-ground biomass to under-ground biomass was 1.60. The stand biomass of unit area was 22.955 kg/m2, singletree wood volume was 88.23 dm3, and the annual wood volume productivity (P
A) of the same year was 0.407. The forest energy accumulation was 424.851 MJ/m2, with annual solar energy fixing rate of 40.68×10−7%. It is concluded thatS. apetala species had characteristics of outstanding high biomass accumulation and could be used as coastal planting tree species in
southern China.
Foundetion item: The paper was supported by the project of integrated mangrove management and coastal protection (IMMCP) in Leizhou Peninsula,
Guangdong Province.
Biography: Han Wei-dong (1963-), male, associate professor, in Zhanjiang Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, Guangdong; and presently
as postdoctoral researcher in Life Science College, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, P.R. China
Responsible editor: Zhu Hong. 相似文献
19.
Variation of traits that include height, diameter at breast height (DBH), stem volume, crown width, straightness, wood basic
density, tracheid length and width of open-pollinated progenies from clonal seed orchard of Pinus massoniana was analyzed. Differences in traits such as growth, tree form and wood quality among families was significant, which indicated
that the improvement potential was notable. Heritability of height and wood basic density reached 0.691 and 0.640, respectively.
According to a correlation analysis between traits, stem straightness could be improved indirectly when growth traits are
improved; growth traits were significantly correlated with wood basic density; and wood basic density was not significantly
correlated with length and width of the tracheid. Under the selection ratio of 10%, genetic gains were 19.74% and 19.32% respectively,
and selected families from the progeny test stands at the age of five years and eight years were the same. Genetic correlation
of height, DBH and stem volume was also significant at the level of 0.01. These show that selection of the short rotation
of P. massoniana for pulp and paper use would be efficient for five-year-old trees. According to the comparison of the heritability of all
the traits and taking into account the result of canonical correlation analysis, height could be considered as the most important
index for selection. Given wood quality of all the families, and flowering and fruit settings of the clones in a seed orchard,
twelve fine families were selected at 10% selection ratio of height growth and stem volume.
Translated from Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2005, 41(6): 43–49 [译自: 林业科学] 相似文献
20.
[目的]通过对引种的云杉种和种源试验林的适应性和生长变异研究,选育出最适合当地栽培的优良种和种源。[方法]以甘肃省小陇山沙坝试验基地引种的欧洲云杉、黑云杉、白云杉、蓝云杉、红皮云杉和青海云杉6个树种20个种源为研究对象,分别对6、7、9 a幼林龄的生长性状(树高、地径、新梢和冠幅)进行方差分析和相关性分析,以早期评价云杉种和种源。[结果]6、7、9 a生长期内不同云杉种间和种源间的差异多数达到极显著,表明不同种间和种源间存在较大的遗传变异。利用树高兼地径为主要指标筛选出7个优良种源,分别为欧洲云杉加拿大AB01、AB03种源、白云杉加拿大GL01种源;黑云杉加拿大MA05、MA07、MA08和MA10种源,树高、地径现实增益均超过11%。欧洲云杉、白云杉种源树高与经纬度呈极显著的正相关,与海拔呈极显著的负相关;黑云杉种源树高也与经纬度呈极显著的正相关,但与海拔相关不显著。[结论]在原产地纬度49°16'～58°38'N,经度68°13'～118°24'W区域范围内引进欧洲云杉、白云杉、黑云杉种源,是适宜在甘肃小陇山栽培的云杉树种。 相似文献