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1.
试验采用红(660nm)、绿(560nm)、蓝(480nm)3种发光二极管(处理组)和白炽灯(400～700nm)(对照组),对180羽海兰褐蛋鸡进行人工光照,研究了单色光对蛋重、蛋形指数、蛋长径、短径和蛋壳质量的影响。试验期为19～52周,光强度均为15lx,光照时间为16h。结果表明:在整个试验期,白光组蛋重最高(61.1g),红光组最低(59.2g),二者之间差异显著(P<0.05);38～52周龄,蓝光组蛋长径显著小于其他组,而其短径显著(P<0.05)小于白光组,另外,红光组蛋短径极显著(P<0.01)小于其他组;19～37周龄,绿光组蛋形指数(1.303)显著大于其他组,而38～52周龄,红光组蛋形指数(1.343)极显著(P<0.01)大于其他组;21～45周龄,绿光组蛋壳强度(3.54kg/cm2)极显著(P<0.01)高于白光和蓝光组而绿光组蛋壳厚度(0.368mm)显著(P<0.05)大于其他组;蓝光组蛋壳颜色值(31.6)显著(P<0.05)小于白光组(33.1)。结果提示:蓝光使蛋长、径变短而红光使蛋短径变短,从而使蓝光和红光组蛋重随产蛋周龄而增长的趋势小于白光和绿光组。单色光可影响蛋壳质量,其中绿光组的蛋壳质量最好。 相似文献
2.
《中国家禽》2019,(4)
为了探究不同光照时间和波长对籽鹅繁殖性能及蛋品质的影响,试验以光照时间和波长为影响因子,采用3×3试验设计,将450只产蛋期籽鹅随机分成9组,每组50只(40只母,10只公)。以自然光、蓝光和红光三种波长的光进行光照处理,光照时间为12 h、14 h和16 h。结果表明:光照时间和波长对籽鹅产蛋量、蛋重、蛋形指数、哈氏单位、受精率和孵化率等指标均有显著影响(P0.05),而对蛋壳强度、蛋壳厚度、蛋清比、蛋黄比、蛋壳比的影响无明显差异(P0.05),其中红光12 h处理组平均产蛋数和平均合格种蛋数最高;蓝光12 h光照处理组籽鹅平均蛋重显著高于红光16 h处理组(P0.05);在蛋形指数上,蓝光12 h光照处理显著高于蓝光14 h光照处理(P0.05);在蛋黄颜色上,蓝光12 h光照处理组显著比自然光16 h光照处理组颜色深(P0.05);在哈氏单位上,自然光12 h光照处理组显著高于红光和蓝光12 h处理组(P0.05);在受精率和孵化率方面,蓝光14 h光照处理组的平均受精率最高,蓝光12 h光照处理组的平均孵化率最高。 相似文献
3.
本研究比较了单色光对肉鸡SCN和视顶盖SGC层神经元c-Fos表达的影响。以LED灯为单色光源,选用刚出壳的雄性AA肉鸡40羽,分别饲养在白光(400～700nm)、红光(660nm)、绿光(540nm)和蓝光(480nm)下14d,光照度为15lx。光照制度20h∶4h(L∶D)。结果显示,在SCN中,蓝光组c-Fos表达分别显著低于白光、红光和绿光组29.76%、17.88%和22.23%(P0.05),白光组与红、绿光组差异不显著(P0.05)。同样,在视顶盖SGC层中,蓝光组c-Fos表达也显著低于白光、红光和绿光组17.78%、21.75%和23.63%(P0.05),白光组与红、绿光组差异也不显著(P0.05)。结果表明,与红光和绿光相比,蓝光抑制视顶盖SGC层和SCN神经元c-Fos的表达。 相似文献
4.
单色光对蛋鸡产蛋性能的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
本试验分别采用红(660 nm)、绿(560 nm)、蓝(480 nm)3种发光二级管(处理组)和白炽灯(400~770 nm)(对照组),对180羽海兰褐蛋鸡进行人工照明,每组45羽,光强度均为15 lx,光照时间为16 h,试验期为19~52周龄。结果表明:19~36周龄,蓝光组产蛋率(86.8±0.5)%显著高于其它光照组(P<0.05),其日产蛋量最高(47.7±0.34)g,料蛋比(2.75±0.07)最低,后两者与红光和绿光组比较差异显著(P<0.05)。37~52周龄,红光组产蛋率显著高于蓝光和绿光组(P<0.05),白光组日产蛋量(59.0±0.74)g显著高于其它组(P<0.05),其料蛋比(2.1±0.04)最低。19~36周龄,各组破蛋率之间差异不显著(P>0.05),但白光组软蛋率(1.3±0.3)%显著低于其它组(P<0.05)。在37~52周龄,各组破蛋率和软蛋率之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。结果表明:在15 lx光强度下,试验前期(19~36周龄)选用蓝光照明,后期(37~52周龄)改为白炽灯,可以显著提高产蛋量和饲料转换率。 相似文献
5.
《畜牧兽医学报》2015,(7)
试验采用LED(Light-emitting diodes)灯作为人工光源,研究4种光照颜色对黄羽肉鸡的生长性能、胴体性能及性征发育的影响,为科学合理的利用光色,提高肉鸡生产性能提供理论指导。试验选取720只1日龄北京油鸡,分为白光组、绿光组(λ=525nm)、蓝光组(λ=460nm)和红光组(λ=630nm)4个处理组,每个处理设6个重复,每个重复30只,自由采食、饮水。第1周光照强度为20lx,从第2周开始为5lx,采用16h夜间补光光照节律。详细记录加料重量,分别在第4周末、第8周末、第13周末结料并称重,称量各重复组重量前禁食12h。在第13周末抽样屠宰,获取胴体性能数据。结果显示,在育雏期和生长期红光组生长缓慢,在第8周末平均体重显著低于其他3组(P0.05),在育肥期红光组发生补偿性生长,在13周末各组体重无显著差异(P0.05);死亡统计分析显示,相对于白光,蓝光和红光能够提高肉鸡的成活率;红光组的胸肌重和胸肌率显著低于绿光组(P0.05),各组的腿肌重和腿肌率没有显著差异(P0.05);白光组脂肪沉积量低;红光能够提高公鸡睾丸重量和睾丸脏器指数。在黄羽肉鸡的生产中,育雏期使用蓝光,生长育肥期采用红光的光照制度,可提高肉鸡成活率,促进性腺发育。 相似文献
6.
为了研究单色光对肉鸡视网膜和松果体黑素视蛋白基因(OPN4-1和OPN4-2)、视网膜绿敏感锥体视蛋白基因(CHK-1)和蓝敏感锥体视蛋白基因(CHK-2)mRNA转录的影响,笔者选用刚出壳的雄性AA肉鸡40羽,分别饲养在白光(400～700 nm)、红光(660 nm)、绿光(540 nm)和监光(480 nm)下2周,单色光源采用冷LED灯,光照度为15 lx.于第14天分别取视网膜和松果体,提取总RNA,RT-PCR反转录后用上述4种肉鸡相关视蛋白基因的引物进行PCR扩增.结果显示:(1)视网膜和松果体蓝光组OPN4-1 mRNA的表达均显著较白光组高13.44%和16.77%(P<0.05),但视网膜中红光组和绿光组均分别显著较白光组低16.62%和10.94%(P<0.05),而松果体中绿光组与白光组差异不显著(P>0.05);(2)视网膜和松果体OPN4-2 mRNA表达均是红光组最高,其次是蓝光组,而绿光组均最低(P<0.05);(3)视网膜中4个光组CHK-1 mRNA表达均大于CHK-2 mR-NA表达(P(0.05),其中绿光组CHK-1 mRNA表达分别显著较红光和蓝光组高24.37%和9.94%(P<0.05),但与白光组差异不显著;蓝光组CHK-2 mRNA表达分别显著较红光和绿光组高40.90%和8.94(P<0.05),但与白光组差异不显著(P>0.05).以上结果表明,不同视蛋白具有不同的光色敏感性.与红光和绿光相比,蓝光促进视网膜和松果体OPN4-1的转录. 相似文献
7.
LED光色对肉杂鸡屠宰性能光色对肉杂鸡屠宰性能、肉品质和血液生化指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国家禽》2016,(22)
为研究不同LED光色对肉杂鸡屠宰性能、肉品质和血液指标的影响,试验将72只20日龄健康817雌性肉杂鸡随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复6只鸡,分别采用LED白光、蓝光、红光和黄光,各组光照强度为3.5~5.0 lx,光周期为23L∶1D,其他饲养管理条件一致。结果表明:蓝光组和黄光组的腿肌率显著高于白光组和红光组(P0.05);蓝光组、红光组和黄光组的肝脏重显著高于白光组(P0.05);黄光组的心脏重显著高于白光组、蓝光组和红光组(P0.05);蓝光组和红光组的甘油三酯显著高于白光组(P0.05);各组间屠体率、全净膛率、胸肌率、肌胃重、胸肌和腿肌的滴水损失和剪切力及血清葡萄糖、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、总蛋白和白蛋白差异不显著(P0.05)。LED蓝光和黄光可改善肉杂鸡屠宰性能,LED蓝光和红光增加血清中甘油三酯含量,不同LED光色未显著影响肉杂鸡肉品质。 相似文献
8.
为探讨不同LED光色对太行鸡生产性能、蛋品质和营养物质消化率的影响,试验选取47周龄健康且体重相近的太行鸡240只,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复15只鸡。试验组分别采用LED的蓝光（450～480 nm）、绿光（510～550 nm）、红光（620～650 nm）照明,对照组采用LED暖白光（400～760 nm）照明。试验鸡饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,试验期为8周。结果显示：红光组试验1～8周产蛋率显著高于绿光组、蓝光组和暖白光组（P<0.05）,料蛋比显著低于蓝光组（P<0.05）,平均日采食量显著高于暖白光组（P<0.05）,在试验第8周,红光组对饲料中粗蛋白的消化率显著高于暖白光组（P<0.05）,下丘脑内AMPK mRNA表达量显著高于绿光组和蓝光组（P<0.05）,POMC mRNA表达量显著低于暖白光组（P<0.05）。绿光组试验1～8周产蛋率显著高于蓝光组（P<0.05）,在试验第4周对饲料中钙的消化率显著高于暖白光组（P<0.05）,对饲料中磷的消化率显著高于蓝光组（P<0.05）,在试验第8周对饲料中能量的... 相似文献
9.
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2015,(16)
为了掌握斑嘴鸭在养殖条件下的繁殖特性,试验采用观察法和数据统计方法,对人工养殖斑嘴鸭群体的繁殖特性进行研究,结果表明:在养殖条件下,斑嘴鸭在6~8月龄可达到性成熟;成年体重800~1 200 g;雌雄交配行为多在水中进行,并且大部分发生在早晨;产蛋期为2月中下旬至6月中下旬;最高产蛋率为37.5%左右;平均产蛋数为28.6枚;平均蛋重为(55.51±5.38)g;长径为(5.49±0.34)cm,短径为(4.21±0.13)cm,蛋形指数为1.30±0.07;长径、短径与蛋重之间存在极显著的相关性;孵化期26 d左右;孵化率为88.9%;出雏重为(37.87±3.54)g。 相似文献
10.
《畜牧与兽医》2015,(12):62-65
为揭示不同光色对鹌鹑产蛋性能的影响,本试验以280只产蛋高峰期的朝鲜鹌鹑为试验对象,随机分成5组,每组鹌鹑分别采用白、黄、红、蓝、绿5种光色进行人工照明,光照强度10 Lx,每天光照时间为16 h,试验期为5周。结果表明:黄光组鹌鹑5周内的平均日采食量、产蛋率、平均蛋重显著高于其他光色组(P0.05),产蛋性能总体上呈现了"黄光组红光组白光组蓝光组绿光组"的变化规律;而不同光色组的料蛋比差异不显著(P0.05)。在生产实际中,采用黄光照射可显著提高鹌鹑的日采食量、产蛋率和平均蛋重,但却不会增加单位产蛋量的饲料消耗,可有效提高鹌鹑的产蛋性能和生产效益。 相似文献
11.
作者旨在研究地方品种鹅蛋与鸭蛋的生物学特性差异。同期采集固始白鹅种蛋56枚,淮南麻鸭种蛋64枚,对外部特征和内部品质进行对比。结果表明二者之间存在较大差异,鹅蛋与鸭蛋各指标分别为：蛋重（159.1 g,62.17 g）、蛋比重（1.119,1.094）、蛋壳厚度（0.514 mm,0.311 mm）、哈氏单位（107.77,86.14）、蛋黄比例（38.12%,30.28%）、蛋壳比例（12.32%,11.19%）,以上指标鹅蛋均高于鸭蛋。鸭蛋蛋黄色泽优于鹅蛋,罗氏比色鸭蛋、鹅蛋分别为11.33和4.52。鸭蛋的血肉斑率达到12.5%,明显高于鹅蛋的3.57%,需要通过育种手段来降低。 相似文献
12.
《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2016,25(3):414-421
There are instances where shell eggs may be moved from refrigeration into ambient temperature with high humidity, such as before wash and during transportation. Under these conditions, it is of concern that bacteria on wet eggs can grow and migrate through the shell pores into the egg. Objectives of this experiment were: 1) to compare 3 methods of quantifying condensate on eggs and 2) to quantify condensate on refrigerated shell eggs at 2 temperatures (22°C and 32°C). For objective 1, 270 fresh shell eggs (3 replications, 90 eggs per replication) were stored at 4°C, 60% relative humidity (RH), then placed at 22°C, 60% RH for 1 h. After this time, 30 pre-weighed eggs were randomly selected and weighed. Thirty eggs were thoroughly wiped with pre-weighed paper towels to collect condensate. Thirty eggs were evaluated with a pinless moisture meter for quantifying egg condensate, which was found to be an ineffective method. There was no difference in quantifying egg condensation by egg weight or weight of moisture absorbed on a paper towel (0.2% vs. 0.19% percentage gain mL condensation/egg surface area) (P > 0.05). For objective 2, 104 fresh eggs formed condensation at 2 temperatures (22°C and 32°C, 60% RH). Each egg weight was continuously recorded from the beginning of condensation formation to the point where the egg reached a constant weight. There was a difference found in the time it took for an egg to reach maximum condensation (11 min at 32°C, 17 min at 22°C), as well as completely dry (25 min at 32°C, 34 min at 22°C) between the 2 temperatures (P < 0.05). 相似文献
13.
采用单因子实验设计,将饲粮粗蛋白质设为3个水平,分别为18%、20%、22%,将鹌鹑分为6个组,每组4个重复,每个重复30只鹌鹑,实验阶段为33~40周龄,研究日粮中蛋白质水平对产蛋性能的影响.结果表明:第2组鹌鹑的产蛋量显著高于第1、3组(P<0.05),产蛋率显著高于第1、3组(P<0.05),第3组的平均蛋重显著高于第1、2组(P<0.05);第2组的料蛋比显著低于第1、3组(P<0.01).说明饲料蛋白质水平为20%时,产蛋性能是最佳的,提高蛋白质水平并没有促进鹌鹑的产蛋性能. 相似文献
14.
Albendazole treatment in laying hens: Egg residues and its effects on fertility and hatchability 
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下载免费PDF全文 Laura Moreno Mariana Bistoletti Hector Fernández Lucila Cantón Laura Ceballos Candela Cantón Carlos Lanusse Luis I. Álvarez 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2018,41(5):726-733
This work characterized the egg residual concentrations of albendazole (ABZ ) and its sulphoxide (ABZSO ) and sulphone (ABZSO 2) metabolites and evaluated their effect on egg fertility and hatchability after ABZ treatments to laying hens. Seventy hens were allocated in groups: Group‐1 was the control without treatment; Group‐2 received a single ABZ oral dose (10 mg/kg); Group‐3, ‐4 and ‐5 were treated with ABZ in medicated feed over 7 days at 10, 40, or 80 mg kg?1 day?1, respectively. Eggs were analyzed to determine the ABZ /metabolite level by HPLC or subjected to incubation to evaluate the fertility and hatchability. Only ABZSO and ABZSO 2 metabolites were quantified in egg after ABZ single oral administration with maximum concentrations of 0.47 ± 0.08 and 0.30 ± 0.07 μg/ml, respectively. ABZ and its metabolites were found in eggs after 7‐day ABZ treatments. The egg residue exposure estimated as AUC s (areas under the concentration vs . time curve) were 100.5 (ABZ ), 56.3 (ABZSO ) and 141.3 μg hr g?1 (ABZSO 2). ABZ administration did not affect the egg fertility at any dosages. Egg hatchability was not affected by ABZ treatment at 10 mg/kg in medicated feed, but it decreased when the dose was 4–8 times higher. These results should be considered when ABZ is used for deworming laying hens. 相似文献
15.
Per Abrahamsson Ragnar Tauson Michael C. Appleby 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(4):286-296
Abstract In two trials, production, feed consumption, mortality, egg quality and birds' live weight of a total of 2877 caged laying hens of four hybrids, Dekalb XL, Lohmann Selected Leghorn (LSL) and Shaver 288 in Trial 1 and ISA Brown and LSL in Trial 2, were studied during full production cycles. The cage designs were Get-away cages (GA) with 15 hens per cage, a special version of the “Edinburgh modified cage” called “Modified and enriched cage” (ME) with 4 ISA or 5 Leghorn hens per cage, conventional cages of metal (CO) with 4 hens per cage and conventional cages of plastic (PL) with 3 hens per cage. GA and ME included nests, perches and sandbaths. LSL produced significantly better than the other hybrids. Shaver had a significantly lower live weight than Dekalb and LSL, while ISA was significantly heavier than LSL. Production in ME was similar to that in conventional cages and, in Trial 2, birds in ME, CO and PL produced significantly better than those in GA. The highest mortality was registered in GA, where in Trial 2 it was significantly higher than in ME. GA gave a significantly higher and CO a lower proportion of cracked eggs than ME and PL. In both trials ME gave significantly lower proportions of dirty eggs than GA and in Trial 2, the lowest. Few differences between the systems were registered regarding interior egg quality. It was concluded that ME is better for production, mortality and management than GA but similar to conventional cages. 相似文献
16.
利用不同品种的良种蛋鸡与本地地方鸡杂交,以提高地方鸡产蛋量、蛋重和淘汰鸡体重.试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、重组分别为湖北红鸡(?)×地方鸡(?)、地方鸡(?)×湖北红鸡(?),地方鸡(?)×罗曼褐商品代(?).第Ⅳ组为地方鸡(?)×地方鸡(?).试验结果表明:Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组与Ⅳ组相比,20周龄体重、42周龄体重、72周龄淘汰鸡体重、产蛋量、蛋重均能有效得到提高,其中42周龄体重和72周龄淘汰鸡体重Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组之间差异不显著,与Ⅳ组相比差异极显著,42周龄平均蛋重Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、组与Ⅳ组相比差异极显著,Ⅲ组与Ⅰ、Ⅱ组相比差异显著.42周龄单枚蛋重Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组与Ⅳ组相比分别增加7.4g、8.54g和10g,72周龄产蛋量Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组与Ⅳ组相比分别增加41、35,55枚. 相似文献
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本试验通过在种鸡的基础饲粮中加入肌苷酸(IMP)来研究其对种鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质和种蛋孵化性能的影响。选择遗传背景相同、体重相近,产蛋率达到5%的20周龄健康AA种鸡864羽,随机分为2组(对照组饲喂基础饲粮;试验组饲喂基础饲粮+0.5%肌苷酸),每组6个重复,每个重复72羽,试验期30 d。测定试验期间所有种蛋的平均蛋重、产蛋率和合格蛋率;每组随机选取部分种蛋进行蛋品质测定;于孵化开始第17天,通过照蛋处理统计种蛋受精率,第21天出雏时,计算受精蛋孵化率、入孵蛋孵化率和健雏率。试验结果表明:与对照组相比,试验组种鸡的平均蛋重、产蛋率和合格蛋率均有升高的趋势,但差异不显著(P>0.05);蛋形指数显著升高(P<0.05),蛋壳强度、蛋壳厚度和蛋黄颜色显著降低(P<0.05);受精率、受精蛋孵化率和入孵蛋孵化率显著升高(P<0.05),健雏率和雏鸡体重有升高的趋势,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。综上,0.5%外源肌苷酸对种鸡的产蛋性能和种蛋孵化性能均有促进作用。 相似文献
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《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2005,14(4):716-720
We evaluated the effect of ionized reactive oxygen species created using Binary Ionization Technology (BIT) for disinfection of broiler carcasses, table eggs, and treatment of fertile eggs. Previous research has indicated that BIT creates a high concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that lyse bacterial cells on contact. Application of BIT to broiler carcasses that had been intentionally inoculated with 1.58 × 106 Salmonella enterica Enteritidis (SE) caused a 1 to 3 log reduction in recoverable SE, depending on the duration of the treatment. Additionally, after inoculation of table eggs with 6.8 × 108 cfu of SE, we recovered SE from 95% fewer eggs following enrichment and found significantly fewer (7.77 and 7.41 log reduction) colony-forming units recovered from eggs treated with BIT compared with nontreated control eggs. We also evaluated whether application of the BIT treatment had any effect on hatchability of broiler breeder eggs to determine whether use of this technology could be feasible in a hatchery environment for disinfection of eggs. There were no significant effects of BIT on the hatchability (of total set) of treated eggs as compared with nontreated control eggs; however, there was a slight numerical increase in hatchability, between 5 and 10% in 2 trials. These data suggest that application of BIT technology to carcasses and table eggs could reduce contamination with pathogens and that the application to fertile eggs may not have effects on hatchability of eggs set. 相似文献
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Nutritive constituents of Silky fowl eggs: comparison with hen eggs of White Leghorn origin 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
In the present study, proportional parts, amounts of major constituents, vitamins, minerals and fatty acids composition of Silky fowl eggs were examined compared with those of hen eggs. The ratio of egg yolk weight to whole egg weight of Silky fowl egg was significantly larger than that of egg yolk of hen egg. The amount of cholesterol of Silky fowl eggs were significantly (P < 0.01) less than those of hen eggs. The amount of vitamins (B2, B6, D and E), calcium and potassium in Silky fowl eggs were significantly higher than those of hen eggs. Unsaturated fatty acids in Silky fowl eggs were 62.5% among total fatty acids, the unsaturated fatty acids of hen eggs were 53.9%. Especially, the contents of arachidonic acid, docosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in Silky fowl eggs were significantly larger than in hen eggs. 相似文献