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耐磨、强韧型饲料粉碎机锤片的研究李寿禄一、饲料粉碎机锤片的失效形式饲料粉碎是饲料生产中一个关键工序，饲料粉碎是依靠粉碎机的锤片旋冲打碎。因此饲料粉碎机锤片即要求表面有较高的硬度和耐磨组织，又需要有极高的强韧性。目前粉碎机锤片的制造方法和失效形式有下列... 相似文献
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针对目前饲料加工中粉碎机出现的粉碎率低下以及堵筛等问题,在分析饲料粉碎机工作原理的基础上,进行组合式饲料粉碎机总体结构设计,并对锤片的形状及排列、锤片与筛片的间隙、筛片的尺寸、盘式粉碎结构等参数进行设计研究。最终完成了组合式饲料粉碎机整体方案的设计,组合式饲料粉碎机的使用推广,有助于解决目前粉碎能耗大及堵筛等问题。 相似文献
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饲料加工关键设备的使用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
饲料加工设备种类较多 ,其中影响饲料质量的关键设备是粉碎机、混合机、制粒机。为在竞争日趋激烈的饲料市场上占有一席之地 ,很多饲料厂不惜重金购置先进的饲料加工设备 ,但由于有的饲料厂缺乏合格的主控室操作工、制粒工和机电维修工 ,造成饲料设备的使用经常出现故障。设备的先进性固然重要 ,设备的使用亦不容忽视。下面就如何更好使用饲料设备 ,有效发挥其作用谈一谈看法。1 锤片式粉碎机1 1 结构 锤片粉碎机有立式和卧式两种形式。立式粉碎机一般与电机直联 ,运转精度高 ,无需强力吸风 ,全圆周出料 ,效率较高。与卧式粉碎机比较 ,… 相似文献
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卧式锤片粉碎机是目前国内饲料厂粉碎工段的传统首选机型。该机型尽管优点不少，如适应性广、工作可靠、结构简单、价格便宜、制造维修方便等，但其问题也比较突出，即能耗大、生产率不高。原因主要有两条，一是该机型排粉效率低于其粉碎效率，二是粉碎室内形成的气物环流层，使细粉不能及时排出，造成重复无效的过度粉碎。尽管也采用了不少改进措施，如加大筛板包角、设计水滴形粉碎室、加强吸风辅助系统等，但受卧式锤片粉碎机整体结构的限制，都难以有明显成效。目前国内市场上最新出现的一种立式锤片粉碎机，有望克服上述缺点，降低能耗… 相似文献
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Possibilities for preservation of coarse particles in pelleting process to improve feed quality characteristics 
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下载免费PDF全文 D. Vukmirović A. Fišteš J. Lević R. Čolović D. Rakić T. Brlek V. Banjac 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2017,101(5):857-867
Poultry diets are mainly used in pelleted form because pellets have many advantages compared to mash feed. On the other hand, pelleting causes reduction of feed particle size. The aim of this research was to investigate the possibility of increasing the content of coarse particles in pellets, and, at the same time, to produce pellets with satisfactory quality. In this research, the three grinding treatments of corn were applied using hammer mill with three sieve openings diameter: 3 mm (HM‐3), 6 mm (HM‐6) and 9 mm (HM‐9). These grinding treatments were combined in pelleting process with three gaps between rollers and the die of pellet press (roller‐die gap, RDG) (0.30, 1.15 and 2.00 mm) and three moisture contents of the pelleted material (14.5, 16.0 and 17.5%). The increased coarseness of grinding by the hammer mill resulted in the increased amount of coarse particles in pellets, especially when the smallest RDG was applied (0.30 mm), but pellet quality was greatly reduced. Increasing of RDG improved the quality of pellets produced from coarsely ground corn, but reduced the content of coarse particles in pellets and increased specific energy consumption of the pellet press. Increasing the moisture content of material to be pelleted (MC) significantly reduced energy consumption of the pellet press, but there was no significant influence of MC on particle size after pelleting and on the pellet quality. The optimal values of the pelleting process parameters were determined using desirability function method. The results of optimization process showed that to achieve the highest possible quantity of coarse particles in the pellets, and to produce pellets of satisfactory quality, with the lowest possible energy consumption of the pellet press, the coarsest grinding on hammer mill (HM‐9), the largest RDG (2 mm) and the highest MC (17.5%) should be applied. 相似文献
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为提高新型锤片式饲料粉碎机的筛分效率,现利用EDEM-Fluent耦合法对该机进行数值模拟。先对EDEM和Fluent耦合计算筛分效率的准确性进行试验验证,再分别模拟不同喂料速率、不同喂料量、不同回料管直径下粉碎机的筛分效率,分析粉碎过程中物料在该机内部的分布规律以及3种影响因素分别对应的筛分效率最大值。结果表明,物料颗粒在分离装置内总体上呈外密内疏的状态,喂料速率、喂料量以及回料管直径影响粉碎机筛分效率。3次数值模拟得出喂料速率、喂料量、回料管直径分别为0.75 kg/s、4 kg、50 mm时,筛分效率最高,分别为80.00%、79.75%、81.00%。 相似文献
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1. The aim of the present experiment was to examine the influence of particle size and xylanase supplementation on the performance, energy utilisation, and gross morphological and histological parameters of the digestive tract of broiler starters fed wheat-based diets. The experimental design was a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments evaluating two wheat particle sizes (medium and coarse) and two levels of xylanase supplementation (without or with 1000 xylanase units/kg diet). The two particle sizes were achieved by grinding the whole wheat in a hammer mill to pass through 3 and 7 mm screens, respectively. Broiler starter diets, based on wheat and soybean meal, were formulated and each diet was fed ad libitum to 6 pens of 8 male broilers each from d 1 to 21 post-hatch. 2. Wheat particle size had no effect on the performance of broilers. Xylanase supplementation had no effect on weight gain and feed intake. However, a significant particle size x xylanase interaction was observed for feed per unit gain with xylanase lowering feed per gain only in the coarse particle size diet. Xylanase supplementation improved the nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolisable energy at both particle sizes. 3. Xylanase supplementation decreased the relative weight and relative length of all gut components. Villus height and crypt depth and total extent of the mucosal layer were unaffected by both wheat particle size and xylanase supplementation. 4. The apparent viscosity of intestinal digesta, determined over the physiological range of shear rates, was not influenced by xylanase addition or particle size. 5. The findings of this study suggest that the effectiveness of exogenous xylanase in broiler diets is influenced by wheat particle size. 相似文献
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《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2004,13(2):302-310
Two 28-d experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of grinding corn or soybean meal (SBM) to various particle sizes on P utilization in turkey poults. Dietary Ca was formulated to be 1.20% in the corn-SBM-based diets of both studies and nonphytate P (NPP) was calculated to be 0.40% in experiment 1 and 0.48% in experiment 2. In experiment 1, corn that had been processed through a roller mill was used or was ground through 3 different screen sizes in a hammer mill to yield 4 corn particle sizes ranging from about 600 to 1,100 μm. Initial (7 d) growth was reduced when the coarsest corn was fed due to lower feed intake. Phosphorus utilization was improved the first 2 wk as corn particle size increased as measured by incidence of rickets, tibia ash, and total P retention. Gizzard weight and phytate P retention were increased at 28 d as corn particle size increased. In experiment 2, corn was ground to approximately 850 μm and commercial SBM (856 μm) was used or ground to 2 finer particle sizes in a hammer mill. Gizzard weight and phytate P retention were increased at 28 d as SBM particle size increased. Other parameters were not affected at least partially due to the higher dietary NPP level fed to prevent severe rickets observed in the first trial. These studies show that young poults can utilize P better from coarser corn and soybean meal, especially when dietary P is low. 相似文献
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随着思路的拓宽和技术的发展,市场上研发出了一种新型的青贮饲料类型——玉米果穗青贮,制作原料为"籽粒+穗轴+苞叶、穗柄"等。笔者认为,这一新的青贮饲料即玉米果穗青贮非常适合我国的小农户生产和市场需求,有很大的发展潜力。一是不需要投入资金购置大型的青贮饲料制作机械,二是不需要更换品种,三是发展果穗青贮可以很好地解决目前我国玉米中存在的"水苞米"问题、籽粒烘干问题、马路晾晒玉米污染问题以及玉米籽粒侵染霉菌毒素超标等许多问题,四是果穗青贮的市场需求很大,五是如果很好地开发和应用果穗青贮技术,我国就能实现玉米和饲料产业的跨越式发展。玉米果穗青贮收获期为果穗成熟期,玉米果穗粉碎时最好选用锤片式粉碎机,果穗青贮经2个月以上的贮存就可以取饲。果穗青贮饲料可以作为奶牛、肉牛的精饲料使用,还可作为牧区牦牛冷季补饲的好饲料。 相似文献
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Causes for improvement in nutritive value of broiler chicken diets with whole wheat instead of ground wheat 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
1. Two experiments were conducted with broiler chicks to compare nutritive values of ground and whole wheat diets containing titanium oxide as indigestible marker. 2. In Experiment 1, a wheat and soy isolate based cold-pelleted diet, in which all the wheat was ground in a hammer mill to pass through a 3 mm sieve, was compared with a diet in which about half (375 g/kg) of the ground wheat was taken out of the diet and supplied as whole wheat mixed into the diet after pelleting. 3. In Experiment 2, a diet based on ground wheat and soy isolate which was pelleted after preconditioning (final temperature 81 degrees C) was compared with a diet in which 500 g of the ground wheat was replaced by whole wheat mixed into the diet before pelleting. 4. In Experiment 1, replacement of ground wheat with whole wheat increased apparent metabolisable energy (AME) content and starch digestibility measured at ileal as well as faecal level, while weight gain and feed conversion efficiency (FCE) were not affected. Jejunal chyme showed increased amylase activity and bile salt concentration. 5. In Experiment 2, replacement of ground wheat with whole wheat increased dry matter content as well as bile content of gizzard, and stimulated an increase in gizzard as well as pancreas weight. Jejunal amylase and bile concentrations were not significantly affected and neither were growth, FCE or AME. 6. Results from this experiment indicate that the improved feed value sometimes observed with whole wheat may be associated with modulation of digestive processes resulting in increased pancreas and liver secretions. 相似文献
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《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2007,16(4):628-634
Hy-Line Brown, W36, and W98 hens were housed for 2 wk at 22°C, exposed to 35°C heat stress (HS) for 2 wk, and had 2 wk of recovery at 22°C. Production parameters (egg production, feed intake, egg quality measures, and mortality), acid-base status (pH, pCO2, HCO3−, pO2), intestinal calcium uptake, and expression of hepatic heat shock protein-70 were measured. All production parameters except mortality were reduced by HS in all 3 strains. There were strain × temperature interactions for egg production, feed intake, shell thickness, specific gravity, and yolk weight, with the least severe reduction in W98 hens. The W36 hens were intermediate for egg production and feed intake, and the Brown and W36 hens were equivalent for shell thickness, specific gravity, and yolk weight. There were no interactions for egg, albumen, and shell weights, Haugh units, and intestinal calcium uptake, and all were reduced by HS. Blood pH and pCO2 were reduced by HS, and hepatic heat shock protein-70 was increased, with no differences among strains. Mortality rates during HS were 16, 8, and 4% for the Brown, W98, and W36 hens, respectively, but were not subjected to statistical analysis. The results suggest a mechanism in the W98 bird that appears to confer an advantage during HS with regard to egg production. 相似文献
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单端孢霉烯族毒素是主要的饲料污染物,包括T-2毒素、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)等,具有较强的毒性作用,能引起动物体多种病理变化。其毒性作用能改变真核翻译起始因子2α(EIF2α)、丝裂原激活的蛋白激酶(MAPK)、热休克蛋白90(Hsp90)、胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)等细胞因子的活性,调节多种胺酰tRNA合成酶的活性,进而抑制蛋白质合成,阻滞动物生长。论文从单端孢霉烯族毒素对生长激素影响的角度,综述了该类毒素对动物生长的抑制作用,以期为阐明单端孢霉烯族毒素抑制动物生长的毒性作用机制奠定基础。 相似文献