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槾桔是浙江省黄岩县的柑桔主栽品种之一,目前占全县柑桔栽培面积的21.93％。它具有幼树生长快、投产早、丰产、耐贮藏等特点。但是,槾桔大小年结果现象明显;在管理不善的情况下,还存在连续多年不结果的现象。 为探求克服槾桔的空产树与减少槾桔大小年结果的解决方法,从1971～1981年,在调查槾桔结果习性的基础上,对槾桔进行了夏季修剪时间、方法和效果的研究。 一、试验材料和方法 供试材料为15年生以上的盛果期槾桔树。除夏季修剪不同外,其他培育管理同一 相似文献
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利用尼氏钝绥螨控制柑桔始叶螨的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用尼氏钝绥螨控制柑桔始叶螨的研究李继祥，张格成（中国农业科学院柑桔研究所重庆６３０７１２）柑桔始叶螨Ｅｏｔｅｔｒａｎｙｃｈｕｓｋａｎｋｉｔｕｓ是我国西南和湖北等桔区的严重害虫。每年２～５月猖獗为害柑桔叶片，形成黄斑，扭曲畸形，造成大量落叶、落花、落... 相似文献
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我省柑桔主产区的柑桔主栽品种叶片营养成分分析结果表明:1、我省柑园缺锌现象较普遍,据对芦柑等63片果园叶片分析中有26片果园叶样含锌量在25ppm以下,占41.27%,其他37片果园叶样含锌量也多处于"适量"的下限.开花前喷布0.1%硫酸锌,可提高叶片中含锌量13～130%,但喷锌后会引起叶片中其他营养元素的变化,铁、镁、锰、钙、铜含量均不同程度降低.2、我省山地柑园缺镁症亦屡见不鲜,有近半数的叶样含镁量低于0.30%,叶片含钙量亦偏低,需引起注意.3、山地柑园柑桔叶片含锰量正常,铁、铜含量偏高,但未见有不良影响. 相似文献
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用过氧化物酶活性对七种柑桔杂交后代的鉴别 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
我所在五十年代后期开始进行大规模的柑桔有性杂交育种,选出了几个有希望的优良单株。本文通过对成熟春梢叶片的过氧化物酶活性的测定,对7种杂交后代选种单株及亲本进行比较分析。 材料和方法 材料:春梢叶片6月中甸采自本所孙家汇杂交圃和本部原始材料圃、生产园。有文柑、刘槾橙、槾本桔、本漳桔、“四三九”、刘本橙及雪夏橙7个杂交选种单株, 相似文献
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P. Adams G. W. Winsor J. D. Donald 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(1):123-133
The effects of nitrogen and potassium on the growth of single-truss tomatoes and on the yield and quality of the fruit have been examined. Two successive crops of cv. Minicraigella were grown with sub-irrigation in a tiered-trough system, the troughs containing a 7:3:2 mixture of loam, peat and grit. Four concentrations of nitrogen in solution (100, 150, 200 and 250 ppm N) were tested in factorial combination with three concentrations of potassium (200, 300 and 400 ppm K), the treatments being replicated four times.Plant height and leaf length increased markedly with N concentration, as also did the numbers of flowers and marketable fruits per plant, the mean weight per fruit and the total yield. Low N levels delayed harvesting. The proportion of unevenly ripened fruit decreased with increasing concentrations both of N and K. The percentage of hollow fruits was decreased by high K but increased with N concentration.The titratable acidity of the expressed fruit juices increased significantly with N concentration (P<0.001) but was little affected by K treatment. The N concentration of the nutrient solution also largely controlled the percentage of K in the leaves and the total uptake of this nutrient. These unexpected results were attributed to stimulation of growth by N, leading to increased water requirement and hence to increased application of both N and K by the automatic sub-irrigation system.The highest yields and best quality fruit were obtained with 250 ppm N and 400 ppm K in the solution, although lower concentrations of K might be preferable after continued cropping in the same compost. 相似文献
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桃果实和叶片中糖分的季节变化及其与碳代谢酶活性的关系研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
以晚熟的艳丰一号桃为试材,研究了果实和叶片中可溶性糖、淀粉及相关酶活性的变化。结果表明,在果实生长发育早期,果实和叶片中的可溶性糖主要是还原糖,中后期,还原糖维持在相对较低的水平上,非还原糖大量积累;在整个果实生长发育期间,果实中蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖含量显著地高于叶片,而叶片中山梨醇和淀粉含量则显著地高于果实;叶片中蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖含量和果实中山梨醇含量较稳定,在整个生长季节中差异较小;在整个生长发育期间蔗糖在果实中持续积累,尤其是在成熟前急剧增加,果实内葡萄糖和果糖含量在生长发育前期总体呈下降趋势,中后期维持在一个相对较低的水平上;叶片中山梨醇含量在生长前期下降,之后维持在相对稳定状态。在整个果实生长发育期间果实中果糖含量与NI、SS和SDH活性及葡萄糖含量与SS和SDH活性呈显著正相关;叶片中葡萄糖含量与SDH活性呈显著正相关且果糖含量与SS和ADPGPPase活性呈显著负相关,此外叶片中蔗糖含量与SPS活性呈显著正相关,但果实中蔗糖含量与SPS不存在任何相关性。因此认为各主要糖的合成与转化在叶片和果实中可能存在着不同的酶调控机制。 相似文献
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Date palms growing in hot arid regions are generally facing several kinds of environmental stresses which limit tree growth and productivity and negatively affect fruit quality. During 2009 and 2010 seasons, the effects of 5-aminolevulininc acid (5-ALA) application at different rates on yield, fruit quality, pigment contents and nutrient uptake of ‘Rabia’ and ‘Sukkariat-Yanbo’ date palm cultivars were studied. In both cultivars, the application of 5-ALA significantly increased bunch weight and yield per tree compared to control. The highest bunch weight and yield per tree was achieved by 5-ALA at 200 ppm followed by 250 ppm applied on both fruit bunches and leaves. These were reflected on higher fruit and flesh weight and fruit length, at the bisir and rutab stages. However, the application of 5-ALA at 250 ppm only on fruit bunches without leaves significantly increased bunch weight and yield per tree compared to control only in ‘Sukkariat-Yanbo’ but not in ‘Rabia’ cultivar. There were significant interaction effects between treatments and seasons on bunch weight and yield in ‘Rabia’ but not in ‘Sukkariat-Yanbo’ cultivar. The rutab % was not significantly affected by any of the applied treatments and it was higher in 2009 than in 2010 season in ‘Rabia’, however, the opposite was true in ‘Sukkariat-Yanbo’ cultivar. Most of the physical parameters of fruit quality at both the bisir and rutab stages were significantly improved in both cultivars by 5-ALA application compared to control, in contrast to the biochemical parameters that were not affected. In both cultivars, chlorophyll a concentration significantly increased by 5-ALA application especially at 200 and 250 ppm on both leaves and fruits compared to control. While chlorophyll b concentration was not significantly affected by the 5-ALA application, total chlorophyll concentration was significantly higher at 250 ppm 5-ALA application than control in both cultivars. There were no significant differences among the different rates of 5-ALA application. Chlorophyll a/b ratio was not significantly affected by 5-ALA application compared to control. The concentrations of N, P and K in the leaves of both cultivars were not significantly affected by the 5-ALA application compared to control. It was concluded that 5-ALA application has promotive effects on yield, fruit quality and chlorophyll concentration of both ‘Rabia’ and ‘Sukkariat-Yanbo’ date palms under hot arid climate. 相似文献
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不同浓度的ＡＦ试剂在桃树上的应用研究表明，以１００×１０￣（－６）（１００ｐｐｍ）效果最佳。果实生长期处理３次，能获得增产、优质的效果。此与ＡＦ试剂能提高叶绿素含量、光合速率、促进希尔反应，抑制过氧化氢酶活性，增加单果重等多重效应密切相关。 相似文献
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NaCl胁迫下苹果幼树叶片膜透性、脯氨酸及矿质营养水平的变化 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
以2年生盆栽富士苹果树(砧木为平邑甜茶)为试材,研究了NaCl胁迫对其叶片膜透性、脯氨酸及矿质营养含量的影响,结果表明:0.3%盐胁迫处理的电导率在中前期高于对照,1%盐处理中期高于对照;盐胁迫后半期0.3%NaCl处理的脯氨酸含量高于对照。NaCl胁迫下,苹果体内各器官Na+含量大小的顺序是:根>新梢>主干韧皮部>叶>主干木质部,在0.1%NaCl胁迫下,新梢和叶片中的Na+没有明显变化,根、主干韧皮部和主干木质部含量明显提高,在0.3%NaCl胁迫下各器官中Na+含量明显提高,地上部叶片、主干韧皮部和新梢中Na+含量提高幅度最大。NaCl胁迫对各器官的N、P、K+含量没有明显影响,但胁迫下N/Na+、P/Na+和K+/Na+比值不同程度的降低,从而使树体内的元素平衡受到破坏,导致树体受害。N、K+含量在叶片中含量最高,P在新梢中含量最高,N、P、K+在主干木质部中含量均最低。 相似文献
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Pierre-Éric Lauri Éric Té Rouanne 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(1):110-117
SummaryInflorescences are known to be important physiological sinks especially when they set fruit. The effect, over two successive years, of inflorescence removal on one year old wood was investigated on apple (Malus domestica Borkh.). The study was carried out on medium vigour (around 30 cm) branches of cv. Granny Smith. On one set of branches (control) the inflorescences were untreated, while on two other sets, one-third and two-thirds of inflorescences (spur leaves, bourse-shoot and flower cluster) were removed at full bloom. The first analysis investigated the fruit setting ability of remaining inflorescences. The results generally confirmed previous results on the positive correlation between the number of leaves and flowers of the inflorescence and fruit set, and also the higher fruit set on two year old wood as compared with one year old wood. On one year old wood, inflorescence removal treatments tended to increase the fruit set of inflorescences with a low number of leaves and flowers leading to a level of fruit set similar to that of inflorescences with a larger number of leaves and flowers. On two year old wood, in the following year, only the two-thirds treatment increased fruit set consistently compared with the control. A second analysis investigated the effect of inflorescence removal on lateral shoot development. It was shown that the treatments had a little effect on quantitative growth (length, diameter) of the laterals per se. On the other hand, the removal of two-thirds of the inflorescence significantly stimulated the development of fruitful inflorescences the following year. Results are discussed in relation to the local versus global physiological integration at the branch level. 相似文献
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以粗砂、蛭石、菇渣、树叶、锯末为基质材料,不同材料按体积比复配后形成10种复混基质,以粗砂基质为对照,进行"欧曼"品种番茄栽培试验。采用相同尺寸栽培槽填充基质、无土栽培水肥管理及田间整枝管理措施,研究了不同配比基质理化性质、根区温度与根区湿度,及其对番茄果实品质及产量的影响。结果表明:复混处理后基质的容重较CK显著降低,孔隙度较CK显著升高;复混基质能改善根区的温湿环境,不同处理平均温度较CK提高了0.35~1.24℃,平均湿度较CK提高1.86%~13.32%;对比果实产量和品质发现T6与T8处理总体表现最好,果实硬度、单果质量、单株产量、单株结果数、增产率均优于其它处理,维生素C、可溶性蛋白质、有机酸含量也均处于较好水平,综合比较发现T6处理(粗砂∶蛭石∶菇渣∶树叶∶锯末=2.5∶2.5∶1∶2∶2)和T8处理(粗砂∶蛭石∶菇渣∶树叶∶锯末=2.5∶2.5∶1∶1∶3)能为番茄生长提供良好生长环境,并能提高番茄的产量及品质。 相似文献
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C. V. Economddes 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(3):393-400
Yield, fruit quality, growth and the levels of 12 elements in the leaves were measured for 12-year-old Marsh Seedless grapefruit trees on six rootstocks. Trees on rough lemon and Cleopatra mandarin were larger than those on sour orange and consistently produced 67 and 23 per cent more fruit respectively than on sour orange. Trees on Palestine sweet lime, Troyer and Morton citranges were the least productive. Three-year means of total soluble solids ranged from 9·4 per cent for fruit from trees on Palestine sweet lime to 11–2 per cent on Cleopatra mandarin. Fruit size was good on all rootstocks but effects of rootstock on levels of Mg, Na, Cl and B in the leaves were statistically significant. 相似文献
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PP333对元帅苹果幼树生长,结果的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
对5年生的‘元帅’苹果幼树,叶面喷施不同浓度的PP_(333)。结果表明,PP_(333)处理树新梢生长受抑制,叶片面积增大,厚度和叶绿素含量增加,叶数不减少;促进成花,提高座果率,最终增加产量。处理对果实L/D值无明显影响,不减少单果重。5—6年生的‘元帅’,处理当年即显示出抑制生长、促进成花的作用。处理后第2—3年的效应表现更为明显,并提高座果率。 相似文献
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叶面施硒对甜柿果实品质及重金属含量的影响 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
以‘阳丰’、‘兴津20’和‘次郎’甜柿为试材,分别用0、50、100、150、200 mg · L-1 浓
度的亚硒酸钠进行叶面喷施,研究硒和重金属镉、铅、汞在甜柿机体内的积累情况以及硒对果实品质的
影响,探明硒对镉、铅和汞的互作效应,以期为叶面施硒改善甜柿果实品质提供理论依据。试验结果表
明：硒处理浓度以150 mg · L-1 为最佳;甜柿叶片和果实中的硒含量随施硒浓度的增大而增大;在0 ~ 150
mg · L-1 范围内随着外源硒浓度的增大,叶片和果实中的镉、铅、汞含量下降,果实中可溶性糖、维生素
C 和可溶性固形物含量上升,可滴定酸含量下降;施硒浓度达到200 mg · L-1,叶片和果实中重金属含量
上升,果实品质下降;叶面喷硒可明显抑制3 种甜柿品种中镉、铅、汞的含量,并且对‘兴津20’的镉、
汞含量的抑制幅度最大,对‘次郎’中的铅含量抑制幅度最大。‘兴津20’综合表现优于‘次郎’和‘阳
丰’。 相似文献