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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2020,(13)
为了探讨复方维生素纳米乳对海兰褐蛋鸡产蛋后期生长性能和蛋品质的影响,试验选取56周龄健康海兰褐蛋鸡320只,随机分为2组,每组8个重复,每个重复20只鸡,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加0.4 mL/kg的复方维生素纳米乳,试验为期8周,分别测定了海兰褐蛋鸡产蛋后期的生产性能和蛋品质。结果表明:试验组鸡产蛋率、平均蛋重显著高于对照组(P0.05),砂皮蛋比例极显著低于对照组(P0.01)。试验组蛋形指数、蛋壳强度、蛋黄比例、哈夫单位显著高于对照组(P0.05);蛋壳重、蛋黄重、蛋黄颜色、蛋白高度极显著高于对照组(P0.01);蛋白比例极显著低于对照组(P0.01);蛋壳厚度、蛋白重无显著差异(P0.05)。说明复方维生素纳米乳可显著提高海兰褐蛋鸡产蛋后期生产性能,并对改善海兰褐蛋鸡蛋品质有较好的作用。 相似文献
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本试验研究寡木糖对海兰蛋鸡生产性能与蛋品质的影响。将2376羽海兰褐壳蛋鸡(297日龄)随机分为试验组和对照组,每组设6个重复,每个重复198羽。对照组饲喂基础日粮;试验组饲喂添加寡木糖的日粮,每吨基础日粮中添加寡木糖150g。结果表明:试验组蛋重(61.90g)比对照组蛋重(59.25g)提高4.47%,差异显著(P<0.05);试验组产蛋率(81.02%)比对照组产蛋率(77.09%)提高5.1%,差异极显著(P<0.01);试验组成活率(97.87%)比对照组(91.99%)提高6.39%,差异显著(P<0.05);试验组和对照组平均每只蛋鸡日耗料量分别为102.72g和101.79g,差异不显著(P>0.05);试验组和对照组蛋壳厚度、哈夫单位、蛋黄色泽分别为0.37mm和0.36mm、75.01和73.83、6.1和5.97,差异均不显著(P>0.05)。结果表明在蛋鸡基础日粮中添加寡木糖能显著提高蛋鸡生产性能,但对蛋品质没有明显影响。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2016,(3)
为了分析不同品种蛋鸡在相同饲养条件下蛋品质的差异,试验采用常规分析方法,测定32~34周龄海兰褐蛋鸡(对照组)、琅琊鸡、济宁百日鸡和沂蒙草鸡正常鸡蛋物理指标及营养成分。结果表明:琅琊鸡、济宁百日鸡和沂蒙草鸡蛋重显著低于海兰褐蛋鸡(P0.05),而蛋形指数、蛋黄色泽、蛋壳比率、蛋黄比率、蛋白比率显著高于海兰褐(P0.05);各品种间相比蛋比重、蛋壳厚度均无显著差异(P0.05);海兰褐蛋鸡鸡蛋哈氏单位最低,沂蒙草鸡鸡蛋哈氏单位低于琅琊鸡、济宁百日鸡,但无显著差异(P0.05);海兰褐蛋鸡鸡蛋蛋黄色泽、蛋壳比率、蛋黄比率、蛋白比率与3个地方鸡种相比均差异显著(P0.05)。各品种鸡蛋的粗蛋白含量均在12.5%左右(P0.05),地方品种鸡蛋粗脂肪含量显著高于海兰褐蛋鸡(P0.05),济宁百日鸡和沂蒙草鸡蛋黄胆固醇含量显著高于海兰褐蛋鸡(P0.05);而3个地方品种鸡的蛋黄卵磷脂含量显著高于海兰褐(P0.05)。随着蛋重的增加,蛋黄比率和蛋壳比率明显降低,与蛋壳比率、蛋黄比率、蛋白比率之间均呈极显著负相关(P0.01),蛋重与哈氏单位、蛋壳厚度之间呈极显著正相关(P0.01)。 相似文献
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为了给蛋鸡产蛋数和蛋品质性状选育改良提供依据,根据80周龄产蛋数量将668只褐壳纯系蛋鸡分为4组,分析了80周龄产蛋数量与36周龄、72周龄和80周龄蛋品质性状间的相关性以及不同组之间蛋品质性状的差异。结果表明:80周龄产蛋数量与72周龄、80周龄蛋壳厚度呈极显著负相关(P0.01),与72周龄哈氏单位呈极显著正相关(P0.01),与其余周龄蛋壳颜色、蛋壳强度和哈氏单位相关性均不显著(P0.05);个别组间72周龄和80周龄蛋壳厚度差异显著(P0.05),但是4组蛋鸡各周龄蛋壳强度、蛋壳颜色和哈氏单位均差异不显著(P0.05)。说明蛋鸡的产蛋数量与蛋品质相关性较低,对蛋鸡进行提高产蛋数量的持续选育不会影响鸡蛋品质。 相似文献
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为比较沔阳麻鸭青壳蛋和白壳蛋蛋品质的差异,选取300日龄沔阳麻鸭鸭蛋80个(青壳蛋40个、白壳蛋40个),对蛋重、蛋黄重、蛋黄比率、蛋黄色泽、蛋壳强度、蛋形指数、蛋白高度、哈氏单位、蛋比重、蛋壳厚度进行测定分析。结果显示:沔阳麻鸭青壳蛋蛋形指数极显著低于白壳蛋(P0.01),蛋黄色泽显著高于白壳蛋(P0.05);青壳蛋蛋重、蛋黄重、蛋白高度、哈氏单位、蛋比重有低于白壳蛋的趋势(P0.05)。青壳蛋蛋重与蛋黄重、蛋黄色泽与蛋形指数、蛋壳强度与蛋壳厚度呈极显著正相关(P0.01),蛋壳强度与蛋白高度、哈氏单位呈显著正相关(P0.05);而蛋重与蛋形指数、蛋形指数与蛋白高度、哈氏单位、蛋壳厚度呈显著负相关(P0.05)。白壳蛋蛋重与蛋黄重、蛋白高度,蛋黄重与蛋白高度、哈氏单位呈极显著正相关(P0.01)。研究表明,青壳蛋和白壳蛋蛋品质的改善可通过蛋重、蛋形指数、蛋壳强度等指标进行选育。 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2017,(13)
为进一步分析纯系蛋鸡育种群体的品系特性,以新杨绿壳纯系蛋鸡和洛岛红纯系蛋鸡为研究对象,比较两个纯系3个产蛋周龄(26、40和60周龄)的蛋品质。结果:(1)新杨绿壳纯系蛋鸡除了蛋壳比例以外,其他指标均受产蛋周龄的极显著影响,蛋重和蛋黄比随着周龄的增加而增加,而蛋黄颜色、蛋白高度、哈夫单位和蛋壳强度随着周龄增加而下降;40周龄蛋壳厚度和蛋壳重显著高于其他周龄(P0.01)。(2)洛岛红蛋鸡的蛋黄比、蛋白高度、蛋壳重和哈夫单位与前者相同;40和60周龄蛋黄颜色极显著低于26周龄(P0.01);40周龄蛋重和蛋壳比例显著大于26和60周龄(P0.01);26周龄蛋壳强度极显著高于其他周龄,40周龄蛋壳强度最低。综上,纯系蛋鸡26周龄内部蛋品质最好。 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2014,(9):41-43
饲养试验设计,64周罗曼蛋鸡576羽,分设对照、试验2个组。每组3重复,每重复48羽,正试期4周。2组日粮dEB分别为200、100mmol/kg。结果显示,1试验组产蛋率比对照组提高3.1%(P>0.05);料蛋比指标下降6.2%,差异显著(P<0.05)。2试验组蛋清pH降低(P<0.01)、氨基己糖含量提高(P<0.05)、哈夫单位提高(P>0.05);蛋壳厚度下降8.33%(P<0.01),蛋黄色泽下降0.5级。蛋品在常温下保存7 d,试验组哈夫单位高于对照组(P<0.05),蛋清pH低于对照组(P<0.01)。结果表明:调低玉米-豆粕型蛋鸡日粮dEB,明显提高蛋鸡产蛋后期的饲料转化率,改善蛋品蛋清浓度、延长常温贮存时间;不利影响是蛋壳变薄、蛋黄色泽降低。 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2015,(22)
研究测定了绍兴麻鸭以及斑嘴野鸭3个品系(雪羽斑嘴鸭、花白羽斑嘴鸭、褐羽斑嘴鸭)蛋壳厚度、蛋形指数、蛋壳强度、蛋重、蛋黄色泽、哈氏单位以及蛋黄比率7项蛋品质指标。品种间比较发现,蛋壳厚度和蛋形指数2项指标无显著差异(P0.05);绍兴麻鸭的蛋壳强度、蛋重、蛋黄色泽3项指标均不同程度优于斑嘴野鸭的3个品系,哈氏单位显著高于花白羽斑嘴鸭和褐羽斑嘴鸭(P0.05)、略低于雪羽斑嘴鸭,但无显著差异(P0.05);品系间比较显示,斑嘴野鸭3个品系间的蛋壳厚度、蛋形指数、蛋壳强度3项指标均无显著差异(P0.05),雪羽斑嘴鸭的蛋黄比率显著高于其他品系(P0.05),蛋重、蛋黄色泽和哈氏单位存在不同程度的差异。综合各项指标,绍兴麻鸭蛋品质中的主要物理指标优于斑嘴野鸭。 相似文献
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卢氏鸡是我国唯一片羽型的可产绿壳蛋的地方鸡种,壳色有绿壳和褐壳2种颜色。本研究采集131只卢氏绿壳蛋鸡,45只卢氏褐壳蛋鸡及18只地方白壳蛋鸡的血液,提取基因组DNA,用微卫星AY493302标记探讨了这3种壳色的基因型差异。结果表明,微卫星AY493302在卢氏绿壳蛋鸡、卢氏褐壳蛋鸡以及地方白壳蛋鸡之间基因型分布差异极显著,基因型AA（225bp/225bp）在卢氏鸡中的频率为0.396 9,且只在卢氏绿壳蛋鸡中出现。其A基因频率在卢氏绿壳蛋鸡、卢氏褐壳蛋鸡和地方白壳蛋鸡中分别为0.698 5,0.500 0,0.500 0。进一步进行测序发现,卢氏绿壳蛋鸡AA基因型在19bp处碱基和217bp处碱基均为G,但卢氏绿壳蛋鸡AB基因型在19bp处碱基却为C,在217bp处碱基与绿壳蛋鸡AA基因型同为G。卢氏褐壳蛋鸡AB基因型和地方白壳蛋鸡的AB基因型则表现在19bp处碱基为C,217bp处碱基为T。AA基因型的序列与NCBI数据库中红色原鸡比较,达99%同源的序列有V00425.1、J02015.1和NW_003763484.1,均位于鸡的1号染色体上。该微卫星标记的群体杂合度、群体多态信息含量在卢氏绿壳蛋鸡中都低于卢氏褐壳蛋鸡和地方白壳蛋鸡。尽管在所研究的卢氏绿壳群体中只有39.7%的个体表现为纯合AA基因型,但卢氏褐壳蛋鸡和地方白壳蛋鸡中没有该基因型,故而认为微卫星AY493302的纯合AA基因型可以作为对卢氏绿壳蛋鸡进行分子标记辅助选择的基因型。 相似文献
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对12周龄兴义矮脚鸡和矮脚黄鸡的屠宰性能、常规肌肉品质及肌肉脂肪酸、氨基酸含量进行比较。结果表明:12周龄时,兴义矮脚鸡活重极显著高于矮脚黄鸡(P<0.01),而腿肌率和屠宰率显著低于矮脚黄鸡(P<0.05);肌肉失水率和胸肌纤维直径极显著低于矮脚黄鸡(P<0.01);兴义矮脚鸡除色氨酸外,其余7种必需氨基酸均高于矮脚黄鸡;胸肌亚油酸含量兴义矮脚鸡为17.66%,矮脚黄鸡为15.29%。 相似文献
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以伴性矮小型公鸡和普通杂合子型公鸡为研究材料,就生长激素受体(GHR)基因的缺失对公鸡精液品质的影响进行研究。结果表明:2种基因型初生雏鸡的体重相差无几,但4、8、16周龄和20周龄的体重差异极显著(P<0.01);8周龄胫长差异极显著(P<0.01)。性成熟后,伴性矮小型公鸡的精液密度为26.17亿/mL,略低于普通杂合子型公鸡(29.87亿/mL),但差异不显著;伴性矮小型公鸡的精子活率、活力和畸形率等指标与普通杂合子型公鸡相近,差异均不显著(P>0.05)。试验结果证明,生长激素受体缺失对伴性矮小型公鸡繁殖性能没有影响。 相似文献
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1. Whether or not there is a strain difference in embryonic whole-body protein turnover rates was tested using the chicken embryos of Rhode Island Red carrying a sex-linked dwarf gene (dwarf), White Leghorn (layer), and White Cornish X White Plymouth Rock (broiler) strains on day 12 of incubation. 2. Whole-body protein synthesis was estimated by injecting L-[15N]-phenylalanine either intraperitoneally or intravenously on day 12 of incubation in order to investigate the effect of the route of isotope administration. The results showed that the values for fractional and absolute synthesis rates were approximately 13% higher by intravenous injection than by intraperitoneal injection. 3. Whole-body protein turnover, both in terms of fractional and absolute rates, was significantly faster in dwarf than in broiler embryos, with intermediate values in layer embryos, although no growth differences were observed on day 12. 4. Difference in egg weight, measured before incubation, did not affect protein turnover. 5. It was concluded that the strain difference manifested in whole-body protein turnover of the chicken embryo would probably be a reflection of differences in genetic background. 相似文献
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Missohou A Dieng A Horst P Zarate VA Nesseim T Tchedre K 《Tropical animal health and production》2003,35(4):373-380
The influence of sex-linked dwarf (dw) and incompletely dominant frizzle (F) genes on growth, egg production and quality were investigated. The experimental stock comprised 100 chicks of four genotypes:
normal feathered, normal size (ffDw); normal feathered, dwarf (ffdw); frizzle, normal size (FfDw); and frizzle, dwarf (Ffdw). The dwarf gene reduced the body weight, shank length, feed intake, egg production and egg weight. The frizzle gene also
reduced most of these traits, except for egg production, the interaction between the two genes being positive only for growth
traits and egg number. Neither of the two genes significantly influenced egg quality. It was concluded that the dwarf gene
may have some practical interest in tropical environments, while more needs to be known about the frizzle gene.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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1. Dwarf egg layer (Narmada XL) dwarf broiler (DB) and normal bodied sib (NB) hens were studied under cyclic summer hot and dry heat stress of 21.1 to 45.5 degrees C for a period of 50 d. The genotype effect for egg production was significant (P less than 0.01). 2. N-XL and DB genotypes laid 12.1% more eggs than NB. Egg production declined by 3.17, 1.27 and 3.25% for a rise in temperature (maximum) of 1 degree C for N-XL, DB and NB genotypes respectively. 3. Egg production in Narmada XL declined by 42% compared to 25% in the dwarf broilers. The regression coefficients differed significantly. 4. For polygenically identical DB and NB broiler breeder hens the heat stressor significantly reduced egg production 1.98% more in the NB genotype compared with DB with a 1 degree C rise in temperature. 5. Mortality was less in the N-XL as compared to DB, but NB hens showed 11.7% more mortality than dwarfs. 相似文献
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J. Mahoro T. K Muasya F. Mbuza J. Mbuthia A. K. Kahi 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(1):121-128
Data on breeding practices and traits of economic importance for the indigenous chicken (IC) were collected through personal interviews using structured questionnaires and direct observations of chicken management practices. The study was conducted from November 2015 to January 2016 in Rwamagana, Rulindo, Ruhango, Kicukiro and Muhanga districts of Rwanda. Data were collected and analysed through computation of indices, which represented a weighted average of all rankings of a specific trait. Spearman’s non-parametric rank correlation was calculated for ranking of traits of economic importance to indicate the directional effects. The results on chicken ecotypes and their attributes showed that prolificacy, mature weight, disease tolerance, egg number and heat tolerance were highly preferred. The dwarf ecotype was most abundantly reared (38.84%) and considered to be significantly smaller and to have poorer growth rate, but to have better prolificacy than other indigenous chicken ecotypes. Selection of breeding cock and hen was based on disease tolerance, body weight at sexual maturity, body size and growth rate. In addition, for hen, mothering ability and egg fertility (Fer) were considered. Indices for the traits perceived by farmers as of primary economic importance were egg yield (0.093), disease tolerance (0.091), high growth rate (0.089), prolificacy (0.088), high body weight (0.087) and egg fertility (0.083). The most important traits considered by the marketers were body weight (BW), disease tolerance (Dtol), plumage colour (Pcol), egg yolk colour (EYC), meat quality (MQ), growth rate (GR) and egg yield (EY) whereas for consumers, meat quality, egg yolk colour, egg yield, body weight and growth rate were considered. Among traits perceived as important by farmers, a positive and significant correlation was found between BW and GR and Fer. Correlation was moderate for BW and prolificacy, drought tolerance (Drtol), Dtol and EYC. BW was negatively correlated with temperament (Temp), heat tolerance, Pcol and egg shell colour (ESC). Regarding marketers and consumers’ preference rank correlation, positive and significant correlation was between BW and GR and MQ. As such, appropriate ecotypes (indigenous chicken) which have these characteristics need to be identified and utilised more based on their performance and adaption to the environment conditions to ensure efficient IC production. 相似文献
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为了研究二郎山山地鸡的产蛋规律,试验以二郎山山地鸡SD02与SD03品系一世代300日龄产蛋量建立产蛋曲线,并采用伍德模型、分室模型与杨宁模型对两品系进行产蛋率曲线拟合,然后对实际产蛋率曲线进行分析。结果表明:品系SD03的产蛋性能优于SD02。经过拟合分析,SD02品系的伍德模型、分室模型、杨宁模型的拟合度(R2值)分别是0.811 7,0.906 2,0.967 7,SD03品系拟合度分别是0.796 9,0.910 2,0.954 8;杨宁模型拟合效果最佳。 相似文献