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1.
《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(7):1191-1200
Abstract Kosteletzkya virginica (L.) Presl. is a perennial dicot halophytic species that grows in brackish portions of coastal tidal marshes of the mid-Atlantic and southeastern United States. It was introduced into Northern Jiangsu, China, by the Halophyte Biotechnology Center (University of Delaware, Newark, DE) as a species with potential to improve the soil and develop ecologically sound saline agriculture. Fifteen major and minor elements [calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), sodium (Na), potassium (K), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), lithium (Li), cobalt (Co), and vanadium (V)] in roots, stems, leaves, and seeds of Kosteletzkya virginica and saline soils were measured in the study. Concentrations of Al, Fe, Zn, Mn, V, and Pb were the highest in soils, whereas concentrations of Na, Li, Cu, Ca, and Mg were the highest in the roots, stems, and leaves, respectively, and concentrations of K and P were the highest in the seeds. Potassium, P, Mg, and Ca were the main constituents in the seeds, and concentrations of Fe, Li, Mn, Zn, and Cu in seeds were relatively high. However, concentrations of Na and Al were very low in the seeds. The K/Na ratio in the seeds was 34.26, and the Ca/P ratio was 0.52, which was less than the maximum tolerable value for the human diet. These proportions were considered to be an advantage from a nutritional point of view. From roots to stems to leaves, increases in K/Na, Ca/Na, and Ca/Mg ratios could mitigate salt stress of the growth habitat of Kosteletzkya virginica. These results suggest that Kosteletzkya virginica is a halophytic species with potential as a rich source of mineral-element supply, and its products could be used for development of food, fodder, health care products and industrial raw materials. 相似文献
2.
营养液供液高度对水培生菜生长及矿质元素吸收的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在密闭植物工厂条件内,设置5种营养液高度（2、3、4、5、6cm）水培种植生菜,以探究霍格兰（Hoagland）配方营养液不同供液高度对生菜十种矿质元素（K、P、Ca、Mg、Na、Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu、S）吸收及积累的影响。结果表明：生菜地上部生物量以及光合色素含量均在4cm供液高度处理下最大,而地下部生物量以及根长均随着营养液供液高度的增加而升高;生菜地上部十种矿质元素的含量均在供液高度6cm处理下最大,而矿质元素在生菜中的单株累积量则表现为Fe、Mn元素在6cm供液高度下最大,Ca、Mg、Na、Zn、Cu、S元素在4cm供液高度下最大,K、P元素在5cm供液高度下最大。因此,实际生产中可以通过调节水培生菜营养液的供液高度,以达到提高生菜产量或生产功能性蔬菜的目的。 相似文献
3.
Nickel (Ni) is an essential micronutrient for higher plants but is toxic to plants at excess levels. Plant species differ extensively for mineral uptake and accumulation, and these differences often help explain plant tolerances to mineral toxicities/deficiencies. Solution culture experiments were conducted under controlled conditions to determine the effects of Ni on influx into roots (IN) and transport from roots to shoots (TR) of zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) in white clover (Trifolium repens L.), cabbage (ßrassica oleracea van capitata L.), ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), and maize (Zea mays L.). Nickel decreased both IN and TR of Zn, Cu, Ca, and Mg, but only TR of Fe and Mn in white clover. Both IN and TR of Cu, Fe, Mn, Mg, and S were markedly decreased by Ni >30 μM in cabbage, whereas IN and TR of P increased with Ni treatment. For ryegrass, TR of Cu, Fe, Mn, Ca, and Mg was decreased, but IN of these elements except Mg was not affected by Ni. The IN and TR of P and S were increased in ryegrass with increasing external Ni levels. Nickel inhibited IN of Cu, Ca, and Mg, and TR of Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ca, and Mg in maize. Plant species differed in response to Ni relative to IN and TR of mineral nutrients. Plant tolerance to Ni toxicity was associated with the influence of Ni on IN and TR of Cu, Fe, and Mn in white clover and cabbage but not in maize and ryegrass. 相似文献
4.
The seasonal variation of mineral elements and the relationships among them were studied in natural populations of foxglove (Digitalis obscura). Young and mature leaves were collected in 10 different populations and on four sample dates (May, July, October, and February). Leaf mineral elements [nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu)] were determined. The highest concentrations of N, P, and K in young leaf were recorded in May, followed by a decrease in the other months, while in contrast Ca and Fe showed the lowest concentration in May. Mature leaves showed differential seasonal behavior. Besides seasonal variations, significant fluctuations of N/P and Ca/Mg ratios were observed in young leaves. Strong positive correlations existed among N, P and K, while negative correlations were found between Ca and N, P, or K. 相似文献
5.
Ali A. Al‐Jaloud Ghulam Hussain Adnan J. Al‐Saati Shaik Karimulla 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(8):1677-1692
Effect of wastewater irrigation was investigated on mineral composition of corn and sorghum plants in a pot experiment. The ranges for the concentration of different minerals in corn plants were 0.67–0.89% calcium (Ca), 0.38–0.58% magnesium (Mg), 0.09–1.29% sodium (Na), 0.81–1.87% nitrogen (N), 1.81–2.27% potassium (K), 0.12–0.16% phosphorus (P), 190–257 mg/kg iron (Fe), 3.5–5.6 mg/kg copper (Cu), 37.1–44.5 mg/kg manganese (Mn), 21.6–33.6 mg/kg zinc (Zn), 1.40–1.84 mg/kg molydbenum (Mo), 11.0–45.7 mg/kg lead (Pb), and 2.5–10.8 mg/kg nickel (Ni). Whereas for sorghum plants, the ranges were: 0.56–0.68% Ca, 0.19–0.32% Mg, 0.02–0.27% Na, 0.69–1.53% N, 1.40–1.89% K, 0.10–0.14% P, 190–320 mg/kg Fe, 3.8–6.0 mg/kg Cu, 29.2–37.6 mg/kg Mn, 21.1–29.9 mg/kg Zn, 2.2–3.7 mg/kg Mo, 12.3–59.0 mg/kg Pb, and 2.5–15.2 mg/kg Ni. Heavy metals such as cobalt (Co) and cadmium (Cd) were below detection limits at mg/kg levels. The concentrations of Ca, N, K, P, Cu, and Mn in corn plants were in the deficient range except for Mg, Fe, Zn, and Al. The concentrations of Ca, N, P, K, Cu, Mn, Mg, and Zn in sorghum plants were in the deficient range except for Fe and aluminum (Al). The analysis of regression indicated a strong interaction between Pb, Ni, Ca, and Fe in corn and sorghum plants. In conclusion, waste water irrigation did not increase mineral concentrations of either macro‐ and micro‐elements or heavy trace metals in corn and sorghum plants to hazardous limits according to the established standards and could be used safely for crop irrigation. 相似文献
6.
【目的】比较河北省主栽山药品种的矿质养分累积特性及营养品质的差异,以期为山药生产提质增效制定科学的养分管理措施。【方法】田间试验在河北省蠡县进行,供试山药(Dioscorea oppositifolia L.)品种包括棒药、大和白玉、紫药和小白嘴,山药4个品种的施肥量和施肥方法均一致。在成熟期,取样测定了山药地上部、根茎生物量,以及9种矿质元素(氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、铁、锰、铜和锌)含量和累积量。【结果】4个主栽山药品种根茎的鲜生物量表现为大和白玉>棒药>紫药>小白嘴,而干生物量表现为紫药>大和白玉>小白嘴>棒药。大和白玉根茎的氮、钙、镁、锰、铜、锌累积量最高,且钾、钙、镁、锰、铜、锌分配系数最高,紫药根茎的磷、钾累积量最高,且氮分配系数较高,磷分配系数最高,棒药根茎的铁累积量及分配系数均为最高。4个山药品种形成1000 kg产量对大量营养元素的需求量均表现为钾>氮>磷,对中量营养元素的需求量均表现为镁>钙,对微量营养元素的需求量均表现为铁>锌>锰>铜。以《中国食物成分表》(标准版)中山药的9种矿质营养品质指标作为参... 相似文献
7.
水分亏缺对不同小麦品种矿质元素吸收分布及水分利用的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
在限制小麦灌溉面积的大背景下,为进一步稳产促优,本文探讨了华北地区水分亏缺对不同小麦品种矿质元素吸收、分布特性及其与植株水分利用和产量的关系。选用3个生态类型冬小麦品种(抗旱品种‘沧麦6001’、丰水高产品种‘邯麦9’和多抗超高产品种‘济麦22’),设置正常和水分亏缺两个水平的人工气候室箱体栽培试验,主要调查了小麦不同器官矿质元素含量、积累量变化、分配比以及矿质元素变化对水分利用效率和产量的影响。结果表明,矿质元素的含量和分配具有器官特异性,其中小麦叶片Ca、籽粒Cu和Zn、茎秆Na的含量、分配比最高;Fe含量、积累量及Fe分配比因品种、器官、水分差异而不同:正常水分下,‘沧麦6001’以茎秆、‘邯麦9’以叶片的Fe含量、分配比最高;‘济麦22’以茎秆和颖壳Fe含量较高,以叶片和颖壳Fe分配比较高。而水分亏缺下,‘沧麦6001’和‘邯麦9’Fe含量以籽粒最高,‘济麦22’以叶片最高;3品种Fe分配比均以籽粒最高。此外,水分亏缺增加了小麦籽粒Cu、Zn含量及分配比,籽粒Zn、Na和Ca积累量,显著增加‘沧麦6001’的水分利用效率和产量以及‘济麦22’的产量水分利用效率;而降低了‘沧麦6001’籽粒Mn、‘邯麦9’籽粒Cu和Mn、‘济麦22’籽粒Cu和Fe积累量以及‘邯麦9’水分利用效率、干物重、产量。综上,水分亏缺下,‘沧麦6001’更易高产高效,籽粒Fe含量增加,但需补充一定的Mn元素;‘济麦22’的水分利用效率增加,产量未显著下降,需补充一定Fe元素保证品质;‘邯麦9’产量和水分利用效率均显著下降,且籽粒中Cu和Mn积累下降明显。相关分析表明,Cu、Zn、Ca、Mn含量与干物重变化之间存在一定的相互调节作用,但未直接影响产量和水分利用效率,这可能与品种间差异及品种和水分互作影响有关。但矿质元素可能通过影响干物重间接调控水分利用效率的趋势是存在的,尚需进一步研究和验证。 相似文献
8.
Correlation analysis of mineral element contents and quality traits in milled rice (Oryza stavia L.)
Jiang SL Wu JG Feng Y Yang XE Shi CH 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(23):9608-9613
The relationships among potassium (K), calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn) contents in milled rice (Oryza stavia L.) of 274 genotypes and the relationships between these mineral element contents and other rice quality traits including 3 cooking quality traits, 17 amino acid contents, and protein content were investigated. The results showed that there were significant correlations among most of mineral element contents. Mg, Fe, and Mn contents were significantly correlated with most of the other mineral element contents, while Cu content had significantly negative associations with the K and Mg contents of rice. The relationships between mineral element contents and cooking quality traits showed that gel consistency (GC) was significantly correlated with K, Cu, and Mn contents of rice. Amylose content (AC) was significantly associated with K, Na, Mg, Cu, and Mn contents. The alkali spreading value (ASV) had closely positive relationships with Ca, Mg, and Mn contents. In addition, 8 mineral element contents had obvious correlations with different amino acid contents. Mg, Ca, and Zn contents were significantly correlated with most of the 17 amino acid contents, but Na content did not correlate with amino acid contents except aspartic acid of rice. Furthermore, significant associations were found between protein content and Na, Mg, Zn, Cu, or Mn content. Six principal components were extracted to explain 84.50% of the total variances and contained the information provided by the original 29 variables according to the principal component analysis. 相似文献
9.
镍污染对小麦幼苗矿质营养元素吸收与累积的影响研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验研究Ni胁迫对小麦幼苗茎叶中Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Ca和Mg营养元素吸收及累积的影响结果表明 ,Ni胁迫下随土壤施Ni量的增加而小麦幼苗生长受抑 ,生物产量下降 ,小麦幼苗Cu、Fe、Ca和Mg累积量呈下降趋势 ,而Zn、Mn累积量呈增加趋势。小麦幼苗 6种营养元素累积率与其累积量的规律较吻合 ,表明作物受Ni毒害与营养元素代谢平衡失调有关 相似文献
10.
板栗土壤中微量营养元素地球化学特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
同时采用有效态和欧共体BCR(the Community Bureau of Reference)三步提取法对0-20 cm和20-40 cm土层中Ca,Mg,Fe,Zn,Cu,Mn进行形态分析,探索燕山山区板栗土壤中微量营养元索活性、形态分布特征和迁移能力.结果表明.栗粮间作会影响板栗对营养元素的吸收,且两层土壤中各元素活性相差不大;板栗纯林中0-20 cm土层的Cu,Zn活性明显高于20-40 cm土层;淋溶褐土和褐土性土两种土壤亚类,不同栽培制度对微量营养元素在板栗土壤中的形态分布特征影响不大.Cu,Zn,Fe主要以残渣态存在,Mn主要以可还原态和残渣态存在.且弱酸提取态高于其它元素.板栗土壤中元素的迁移能力排序为:Ca>Mg>Mn>Cu>Zn>Fe. 相似文献
11.
在三江平原上,测定 42 个小区中玉米、大豆、小麦籽实 Fe、Mn、Cu 和 Zn 含量和土壤中各形态 Fe、Mn、Cu 和Zn含量.通过相关分析和通径分析,探讨了土壤中各形态Fe、Mn、Cu 和 Zn 的生物有效性,旨在为该地区合理施用微量元素提供科学依据.试验结果表明,玉米、大豆和小麦籽实含 Fe、Mn、Cu 和 Zn 量与土壤中有效态和交换态 Fe、Mn、Cu和Zn含量呈显著或极显著正相关.有机态 Fe、Mn、Cu 和 Zn含量与玉米、大豆和小麦籽实Fe、Mn、Cu 和 Zn含量也有很好的相关关系.交换态对有效态 Fe、Mn、Cu 和 Zn 影响最大,其次是有机质结合态.铁锰氧化物结合态 Fe、Cu 对有效态 Fe、Cu 及碳酸盐结合态 Mn、Zn 对有效态 Mn、Zn 具有一定正效应.而残留态 Fe、Cu 对有效态 Fe、Cu 和铁锰氧化物结合态 Mn 对有效态 Mn 产生负效应. 相似文献
12.
Studies were conducted at the deepest location of the meromictic Piaseczno pit lake, southern Poland, which was created in abandoned sulphur opencast. Pearson correlation and PCA were used to established the relationship between the elements and physico-chemical parameters of the water, whereas discriminant test to study vertical and time differentiation of Cd, Pb, Sr, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Fe concentrations. The results indicated both vertical (except Cu and Zn) and time differentiations of studied elements in the lake water. The highest concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Sr were found in the monimolimnion, that of Mn and Fe in the anoxic water. Depth profiles of Cu and Zn did not show any pronounced trend. Pb and Sr distributions in the water were related to alkalinity, Cl? and COD, Cd to alkalinity and Cl?, Mn and Fe to the redox conditions, Mn to water pH, and Fe to the alkalinity. The upper (0–15 cm) layer of the sediment consisted mainly of S (24.2 Atom%), Fe (21.62%), Ca (18.4%), Si (14.3%), and (Al 6.3%) and reflected mainly processes proceeded in the anoxic water-sediment interface. Calculated accumulation coefficients (K d) of the elements in the sediment are discussed. 相似文献
13.
Artificial weathering of silicate rock powders The weathering properties of rock powders of different geological origin were investigated under laboratory conditions. Extraction media were water and hydrochloric acid (1N). The parameters measured were pH-value and (under the point of view of plant nutrition) the macro elements Ca, Mg, K and Na as well as the trace elements Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn. Of the tested rocks, basalt, diabas, phonolite, lava and granite, the basic origins are characterized by a high release of Ca, Mg and Fe, phonolite by a noticeable release of Na, and lava by a significant mobility of K. Mn was extracted to greater extent than Cu and Zn. The price level of some rock powders is shown and discussed with special reference to the presented data of nutrient release. 相似文献
14.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(11):969-979
Abstract Insoluble siliceous residues remaining after HNO3/HClO4 decomposition of the plant tissues National Bureau of Standards, standard reference materials spinach (Spinacea oleracea), orchard leaves and tomato leaves (Lycopersicon escuientum), contained varying quantities of the macro and micro elements Na, K, Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn. For the different samples with total element concentrations ranging from 11 μg/g (Cu in orchard leaves) to 45,000 μg/g (K in tomato leaves), residues contained element concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 88 times the respective concentrations in the samples. Contributions of residues to element concentrations in the plant tissues varied from 0.04 to 42% of the total concentrations. Overall, these constituted negligible (ca 0.1% for Mg and Ca), small (0.5% for Zn, Mn, K and 1% for Cu), and large (6% for Fe, 28% for Na) contributions depending on sample and analyte. Residue contributions to total element concentrations of plant tissues must be considered for reliable estimations of macro and micro elements. 相似文献
15.
Aguilar EG Cantarelli MA Marchevsky EJ Escudero NL Camiña JM 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(17):9059-9064
The characterization of amaranth seeds (Amaranthus spp.) was developed for Amaranthus hypochondriacus, Amaranthus cruentus, and Amaranthus dubius. The elemental concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma optic atomic spectroscopy. Pattern recognition methods were used for the characterization of seed samples: nonsupervised methods included principal components analysis and cluster analysis; supervised methods were linear discriminant analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Informed are the concentrations of the following elements: Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, La, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, S, Sr, V, Zn, and Zr. The lowest mineral content was found in A. hypochondriacus, and the highest one was found in A. dubius. For the classification, selected variables for all multivariate methods were Ba, Cr, Li, Mn, Ni, S, and Sr. Nonsupervised methods allowed us to distinguish between the three species of amaranth; however, PLS-DA supervised methods showed the best prediction ability. 相似文献
16.
17.
为了解在成龄胶园间作的五指毛桃根际与非根际土壤及其根中主要中、微量元素含量情况，测定了实验区根际与非根际土壤各30个和对应五指毛桃根的钙、镁、铁、锰、铜和锌含量，分析了两者之间的关系，并评价了根际与非根际土壤中、微量元素丰缺状况。结果表明，非根际土壤钙、镁、铁、锰含量的平均值都高于根际土壤的，而铜、锌含量的平均值都低于根际土壤的。土壤钙、镁含量80%以上处于缺水平，而铁、锰含量处于丰或很丰水平，铜和锌含量处于适中水平。五指毛桃根际与非根际土壤中、微量元素存在空间上的广泛变异。五指毛桃根中、微量元素的平均值从大到小的排序是钙>镁>锰>铁>锌>铜。土壤中、微量元素与五指毛桃根中相对应的中、微量元素的相关性不强，且表现复杂。本研究结果揭示，在成龄胶园间作五指毛桃应当适量施用钙肥、镁肥和喷施一些铜元素叶面肥，并实行科学施肥，减少养分淋失。 相似文献
18.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(17-18):3069-3082
Abstract The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of soil sampling and analysis methodologies used in Canada's Acid Rain National Early Warning System (ARNEWS). During July and August of 1992, twenty‐five soil pits were sampled and analyzed for available phosphorus (P); exchangeable potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), aluminum (Al), sodium (Na), sulfate‐sulfur (SO4‐S), boron (B), and molybdenum (Mo); total nitrogen (N), P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Al, Na, sulfur (S), B, nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and organic matter (O.M.); pH; and cation exchange capacity (C.E.C.) at three ARNEWS sites across Ontario. The soils were: i) a till‐derived Ferro‐Humic Podzol (Humic Haplorthod), ii) a Humo‐Ferric Podzol (Haplorthod) developed in coarse glaciofluvial sand, and iii) a Dystric Brunisol (Dystrochrept). The three sites were similar in chemical composition except for available P, exchangeable Ca, Mn, total Mn, O.M., and pH. Sample numbers calculated to achieve ±10% error with 95% confidence were much higher in mineral horizons than in forest‐floor horizons. Organic macro‐elements and pH were found to be the least variable parameters while micro‐elements were significantly more variable. Analyses are categorized into groups requiring similar numbers of samples. Other studies have found comparable levels of variability and their results are compared to coefficients of variation generated by the Ontario results. Variability within a pit was also observed and found to be less than that found across each 20‐ x 20‐m site but still very significant. Overall, the variability results from other studies appear to be applicable to Ontario acid soils for common analyses. Investigations observing micro‐elements, or which require high levels of accuracy, should incorporate pilot studies to ascertain the degree of variability for their location. 相似文献
19.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(17-18):2281-2291
Abstract In our experiments, application of carbonated water (CW) modified the nutritional status of a field‐grown tomato crop. Fruit concentrations of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn) were initially increased by CW, after which they were similar to the controls (Zn and Mn) or lower (Cu and Fe). Leaf concentrations of the same group of elements were also increased in the later growth stages. Calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) in the earlier stages showed diminished concentrations in all plant parts in response to CW treatment; later on, a slightly higher Ca content was found in the fruit and lower in the leaves, while the fruit Mg content was decreased. Higher cation contents were found in the plant in response to the higher irrigation frequency and interaction with CW effect was detected in most of the cases. In the first period, leaf and fruit contents of all elements, except for Mg in the fruit were increased by daily irrigation. In the second one, leaf content of all nutrients was also increased; the fruit content of Mg, Ca and Zn was increased, while that of Cu, Fe, and Mn was decreased. 相似文献
20.
Seedling sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. cv GP10, SC283, SC574, and Funk G522DR] primary root tip (1‐cm) content of calcium (Ca), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), boron (B), manganese (Mn), and phosphorus (P) in response to a known Ca‐channel blocker (diltiazem, 0,0.1, 1, or 10 mM) was measured after a 1‐hr exposure to Hoagland and Arnon complete mineral nutrient solution. Diltiazem (10 mM) significantly decreased content of Ca, Mn, and Mg in all four cultivars, P, Zn, and Fe in three cultivars, Cu in two cultivars, and B content was not altered. Differences among cultivars was observed in ion contents by the diltiazem untreated controls for all elements. Multiple avenues of ion movement across the plasma membrane are evident. Genetically determined mechanisms and rates of activity between cultivars were demonstrated. 相似文献