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添加植酸酶对肉鸡钙、磷利用的研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
本试验目的是利用植酸酶可以水解饲料中植酸的原理,探讨在国内肉用仔鸡生产条件下,商品植酸酶替代磷酸氢钙的效果和评价实际可应用性。试验选用艾维茵零日龄肉用仔鸡,分两个阶段在饲料中添加400FTU植酸酶分别替代5.0千克/ 吨饲料和6.0千克/ 吨饲料的磷酸氢钙,观测植酸酶对肉用仔鸡生产性能以及骨骼和血清钙、磷指标的影响。结果表明:用400FTU植酸酶替代全价日粮中磷酸氢钙添加量的50% ,可以保持肉用仔鸡的生产性能不变,胫骨和血清中的钙、磷含量基本一致,甚至比对照组略高,说朗植酸酶可改善肉鸡体内的钙、磷代谢,在低磷日粮中添加植酸酶后,可使肉鸡正常生长,不降低生产性能。 相似文献
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植酸酶对肉鸭生产性能及钙磷代谢的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
选用1600羽樱桃谷肉鸭,随机分成4组,每组4个重复,分别饲喂植酸酶负对照日粮和用植酸酶部分替代磷酸氢钙的试验日粮,以研究植酸酶对肉鸭生产性能和钙、磷代谢的影响。结果表明:用100mg/kg植酸酶替代50%的磷酸氢钙可显著提高肉鸭日增重(P<0.05),而分别用100、100mg/kg和120mg/kg植酸酶替代50%、75%和75%的磷酸氢钙对采食量、饲料转化率、胫骨灰分和钙、磷含量影响不显著(P>0.05),但可显著提高植酸磷利用率和降低饲料磷的排泄(P<0.05)。综合考虑本试验结果可得出,樱桃谷肉鸭饲料中可用100mg/kg植酸酶替代50%~75%的磷酸氢钙。 相似文献
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本试验研究饲粮植酸酶和磷酸氢钙的添加水平对15~43日龄肉鸭生长性能、血液指标中血清Ca、P和碱性磷酸酶的影响,确定植酸酶与磷酸氢钙添加量的关系。试验设计11个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复20只鸭。基础日粮磷酸氢钙添加13kg(有效磷NPP:3.5g/kg,植酸磷PP:3g/kg),其他处理组分别为在此基础上减少磷酸氢钙的添加量,然后加不同剂量的植酸酶。结果显示:①随着磷酸氢钙添加量的减少,肉鸭体增重、采食量、饲料转化率、血清钙磷含量和碱性磷酸酶活性降低;②随着植酸酶水平的升高,肉鸭生长性能、血清及利用率等指标达到对照组水平;③当日粮植酸酶水平达到2000、4000、6000U/kg时,不添加磷酸氢钙,效果达到正常对照水平。 相似文献
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本试验研究饲粮磷酸氢钙和植酸酶的添加水平对15~43日龄肉鸭生长性能、血液指标中血清Ca、P和碱性磷酸酶的影响,确定植酸酶与磷酸氢钙添加量的关系。试验设计11个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复20羽鸭。基础日粮磷酸氢钙添加13kg(有效磷NPP:3.5g/kg,植酸磷PP:3g/kg),其他处理组分别为在此基础上减少磷酸氢钙的添加量,然后加不同剂量的植酸酶。结果显示:(1)随着磷酸氢钙添加量的减少,肉鸭体增重、采食量、饲料转化率、血清钙磷含量和碱性磷酸酶活性降低。(2)随着植酸酶水平的升高,肉鸭生长性能、血清及利用率等指标达到对照组水平。㈤当日粮植酸酶水平达到2000、4000、6000U/kg时,不添加磷酸氢钙.效果达到正常对照水平。 相似文献
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植酸酶作为常规饲料添加剂已经普遍应用于饲粮中,用于分解饲料原料中的植酸,释放磷元素,降低用于提供有效磷的磷酸氢钙或其他原料的使用量。随着研究的深入,发现植酸酶的添加量还远远达不到其应有的功效,超量添加植酸酶可以分解超过90%的植酸,还可以提高蛋白质、脂肪、淀粉及矿物质元素的利用率,提高畜禽的生产性能,降低饲料成本,减少环境污染。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究从断奶到肥育结束,在饲粮中添加微生物植酸酶对猪钙、磷代谢及骨骼发育的影响。试验采用完全随机设计,将72头35日龄断奶的仔猪分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复6头。试验在相同钙水平基础上设4个组,分别为:1)玉米-豆粕基础日粮(对照组);2)基础日粮 植酸酶-50%磷酸氢钙(处理1);3)基础日粮 植酸酶-75%磷酸氢钙(处理2);4)基础日粮 植酸酶-100%磷酸氢钙(处理3)。试验期按体重分3个阶段:8~20 kg、20~50 kg、50~90 kg,3个阶段植酸酶的添加量分别为750、500和250 U/kg。试验结果表明:(1)在8~20 kg和20~50 kg阶段,添加植酸酶的3个处理,钙、磷消化率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);血钙和血磷浓度,处理1和处理2与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05),处理3显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。在50~90 kg阶段,添加250 U/kg植酸酶代替100%磷酸氢钙,血磷、血钙浓度显著低于对照组(P<0.05);(2)在试验的3个阶段添加植酸酶同时降低饲粮无机磷水平,对血清碱性磷酸酶活性均无显著影响(P>0.05);(3)添加植酸酶使胃中植酸磷消化率显著提高(P<0.0 1),粪中磷排出量显著降低(8~2 0 kg、2 0~5 0 kg阶段,P<0.0 1;5 0~9 0 kg阶段,P<0.0 5);(4)添加植酸酶代替50%或75%磷酸氢钙,猪的掌骨灰分与采食正常磷日粮的对照组无显著差异,但代替100%磷酸氢钙组,猪的掌骨灰分和蹠骨强度则显著低于对照组(P<0.05);添加植酸酶代替50%磷酸氢钙组,猪的蹠骨强度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),代替75%磷酸氢钙组与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)。总之,在断奶和生长阶段,在猪玉米-豆粕日粮中添加植酸酶可代替部分磷酸氢钙,促进了钙、磷消化利用,促进了骨骼生长,也促进了植酸磷的利用,降低了粪磷排出。 相似文献
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植酸酶和磷酸氢钙对育肥猪生长性能和养分消化率的影响 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
采用体重75 kg的长白×大约克二元杂交阉公猪56头,随机分为4个处理,分别饲喂常磷日粮、低磷日粮、常磷加植酸酶日粮和低磷加植酸酶日粮。每个处理14个重复,每个重复1头,研究杂粕型日粮添加植酸酶(750 U/kg)和不添加磷酸氢钙对育肥猪的生产性能和养分消化率的影响。结果表明:低磷组比常磷组的采食量降低了5.04%(P<0.05),料重比增加了17.94%(P<0.01),日增重降低了19.80%(P<0.01),单位增重饲料成本增加了17.20%(P<0.01),磷表观消化率降低了10.16%(P<0.01),钙表观消化率降低了8.56%(P<0.05),粗蛋白表观消化率无显著变化(P>0.05);常磷加酶组比常磷组的采食量增加了2.97%(P>0.05),料重比增加了3.53%(P>0.05),日增重降低了1.70%(P>0.05),单位增重饲料成本增加了4.12%(P>0.05),磷表观消化率降低了3.46%(P>0.05),钙表观消化率降低了4.40%(P>0.05),粗蛋白表观消化率无显著变化(P>0.05);低磷加酶组比低磷组的采食量增加了7.50%(P<0.01),料重比降低了13.47%(P<0.01),日增重增加了24.30%(P<0.01),单位增重饲料成本降低了13.60%(P<0.01),磷表观消化率提高了42.09%(P<0.01),钙表观消化率提高了11.18%(P<0.01),粗蛋白表观消化率无显著变化(P>0.05);低磷加酶组(即无磷酸氢钙日粮加酶组)与常磷组相比采食量、日增重、料重比和单位增重饲料成本均差异不显著(P>0.05),磷表观消化率提高了27.66%(P<0.05),钙表观消化率提高了1.68%(P>0.05),粗蛋白表观消化率无显著变化(P>0.05)。结论:低磷日粮添加植酸酶可以提高猪生长性能,提高钙磷表观消化率,但对粗蛋白表观消化率无显著影响;常磷日粮添加植酸酶对猪的生长性能和养分表观消化率均无显著影响;不添加磷酸氢钙会降低猪的生长性能和钙磷的表观消化率。 相似文献
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Rapp C Lantzsch HJ Drochner W 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2001,85(11-12):414-419
Hydrolysis of phytate in the stomach and the small intestine as influenced by intrinsic plant (wheat) and supplemented microbial phytase (A. niger) were investigated with six minipigs (40-50 kg initial BW) fitted with re-entrant cannulas in the duodenum, 30 cm posterior to the pylorus (animals 1, 4, 5, and 6) and ileocecal re-entrant cannulas, 5 cm prior the ileocecal junction (animals 1, 2, and 3), respectively. Dietary treatments were as follows: (1) diet 1, a corn-based diet (43 U phytase/kg DM); (2) diet 2, diet 1 supplemented with microbial phytase (818 U/kg DM) and (3) diet 3, a wheat-based diet (1192 U/kg DM). At 0730 and 1930 per animal 350 g diet mixed with 1050 ml de-ionized water were fed. Digesta were collected continuously and completely during 12 h after feeding. In the duodenal digesta, 70% of the microbial phytase (diet 2) and 45% of the wheat phytase (diet 3) were recovered within 12 h after ingestion of the phytases, whereas only negligible amounts were detected in the digesta of pigs fed the phytase-poor corn-based diet 1. Most phytase activity passed through the stomach within the first hour after feeding. Microbial phytase activity at pH 2.8 was less sensitive to acidic pHs, such as those found in the stomach, than phytase activity at pH 5.3. Phytase activities in the digesta of the distal ileum did not depend either on source or amount of dietary phytase activity. 相似文献
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选取192羽1日龄艾维茵肉仔鸡,随机分为4组,研究在低磷肉鸡颗粒日粮中分别添加耐热植酸酶(100g/t)和普通植酸酶(200g/t)对肉鸡生产性能及血液和骨骼中相关指标的影响。结果表明:低磷日粮显著降低了肉鸡的生产性能,植酸酶的添加均提高了肉鸡的采食量及日增重,降低了料重比,且耐热植酸酶较普通植酸酶获得了更好的生产性能;低磷日粮降低血清及骨骼中钙、磷含量,提高血清碱性磷酸酶活性,而植酸酶的添加提高了血清及骨骼中钙、磷含量,降低碱性磷酸酶活性。结果提示:耐热植酸酶应用于低磷肉仔鸡颗粒日粮中能提高肉鸡的生产性能和机体对钙、磷的储存。 相似文献
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Park SC Choi YW Oh TK 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1999,61(11):1257-1259
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DS11 phytase (DS11 phytase) and Aspergillus ficuum phytase (AF phytase) activities were investigated by measuring the release of phosphate from phytate in animal feedstuff such as wheat bran, corn meal, soybean meal and rice flour at pH 5 and 7. In all the tested feedstuff, the enzymatic activity of DS11 phytase was more active at pH 7, but that of AF phytase was more active at pH 5. From these results, the phytate in the gastrointestinal tract could be degraded in the small intestine or stomach by DS11 or AF phytase, respectively. In conclusion, the results presented in this paper indicated that different combination ratios of DS11 and AF phytase, depending on the kind of feedstuff, might effectively induce more enzymatic activity both in the stomach and small intestine in terms of the pH of the gastrointestinal tract. 相似文献
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The current direct colorimetric assay for phytase activity in feeds has interference from high P background and other factors. Our objective was to develop a rapid and reliable spin column method to accurately determine phytase activity in feed ingredients or complete diets. After the feed sample was extracted by stirring in 0.2 M citrate buffer, pH 5.5, for 30 min at room temperature, the oily layer of the supernatant fraction was removed by passing through an acrodisc syringe filter (0.45-microm HT Tuffryn membrane, Gelman Laboratory, Ann Arbor, MI). The filtrate was then loaded onto a spin column (MW cutoff 30,000, Millipore, Bedford, MA) to remove free phosphate before the phytase activity assay. Compared with the direct assay, this new procedure improved both accuracy and reproducibility. When diets contained phytase at 0 to 1,500 U/kg (as fed), the CV for multiple assays of the same samples (n = 6) by the new method ranged from 1 to 6% compared with 28 to 39% by the direct method. A linear relationship was found between the added phytase activity in practical diets and the analyzed activity by the new method (r2 = 0.99; P < 0.01). In conclusion, the spin column method is an improved assay for phytase activity in animal feed, and may be used for quality control of phytase supplementation. 相似文献
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大量研究结果显示,植酸酶在动物生产和环境保护方面具有很好的应用前景。本文就植酸酶的种类和来源、理化特性、作用机理以及在畜牧业上的应用作一简要综述。 相似文献
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1. A precision feeding experiment was conducted with turkeys, which had previously been fed diets with or without phytase, to study the effects on the excretions of endogenous energy (EEL), nitrogen (ENL), amino acids (EAAL) and minerals. 2. Female turkeys (BUT 6) which had been fed one of 4 experimental diets (low P maize-soya diets (control, C), C + 250 international units of phytase/kg diet (FTU), C + 500 FTU and C + 2500 FTU) were used in this study. All birds were fasted and then given 50 mL of glucose solution at 46 d of age. Birds were allocated to individual metabolism cages in a randomised block design with 8 replicates for each of the 4 previously-fed diets. 3. The response of EEL and ENL to phytase pre-exposure was linear. An increase of 100 FTU reduced the EEL and ENL by approximately 1·6 kJ and 20 mg respectively. The results suggest that a minimum activity of phytase of 500 FTU is needed to initiate the reduction of these losses. 4. Pre-exposure to phytase reduced the EAAL, which was best described as a linear response with increasing phytase dose in the pre-study period. An increase of 100 FTU reduced the losses of total endogenous amino acids by approximately 225 mg. 5. In contrast to the results for endogenous energy losses, turkeys pre-exposed to phytase linearly increased their excretions of Ca and Mg with increasing phytase activity in the pre-study period. 6. The effects of feeding turkeys with supplementary phytase continued for at least 4 d after the diets were withdrawn. This suggests that exposure to phytase alters the functionality and secretions of the gastrointestinal tract, which may influence the nutritive value of diets fed immediately after. 相似文献