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中国正在加强实施"走出去"战略,寻求多元化的林业国际合作。南非是非洲最为发达的国家,并且与中国同为发展中国家和金砖国家。文中以FAO和南非农林渔业部等机构最新资料和数据为依据,介绍南非森林资源、林业法规、管理机构、森林经营管理、森林旅游、林产品生产与贸易等林业发展现状,探讨其土地产权问题、林业转型和社区参与对中国林业发展的一些启示,并提出中国可与南非在精准提升森林质量、林产品贸易、森林资源开发以及旱区造林技术等领域深入合作,为加强双边合作提供参考,对提升中国林业在非洲乃至国际上的形象与影响力具有重要意义。 相似文献
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泸西县为云南省石漠化程度较高的区域之一,属喀斯特地貌.为了掌握泸西县林地及天然林资源特征,以泸西县2019年森林资源监测数据为基础,从土地利用、林地类型、优势树种及林地管理属性等方面进行了分析,为该区域森林资源保护、监测及相关规划提供依据.结果表明:泸西县林地面积占比较低,仅占国土面积的47.16％,森林覆盖率偏低,仅... 相似文献
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李娟 《内蒙古林业调查设计》2013,36(1):42-43
文章阐述了内蒙古自治区贺兰山国家级自然保护区森林资源现状及分布特点,进一步分析了保护区内各类土地面积、林木蓄积量和森林覆盖率等森林资源动态变化,为保护区的有效保护提供科学依据。 相似文献
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西藏林地功能分区及差别化保护利用探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
根据西藏的自然环境条件,结合林地保护管理现状,将全区林地划分为4个功能区,并就各区域林地的功能定位、差别化保护利用以及相应的管理措施进行探讨。 相似文献
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Christoph Fischer Christoph KleinnLutz Fehrmann Hans FuchsOleg Panferov 《Forest Ecology and Management》2011,262(8):1532-1540
Even though considerable parts of the global tropical forests are located in Africa, reliable data on African forest resources is limited. While this is widely recognized for tropical moist forests, it also holds for tropical dry forests. To partially fill the gap a forest inventory was carried out in Burkina Faso, West Africa. In this paper we present a methodological approach and sample based estimates of the tree and forest resources including estimates of (1) land cover classes, (2) species composition, and (3) above ground tree carbon stocks. Following the land classification of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the forest cover of Burkina Faso was estimated as 42.6% (116,847 km2). For the classes “other wooded land”, “other land” and “other land with tree cover” the estimates were 1.6%, 53.6%, and 9.1%, respectively. We found notable differences to the estimates published by FAO, in particular when considering the classes “forest” and “other wooded land” separately, but lesser so when the two classes are combined. That points to a major issue in applying these class definitions in semiarid environments. Given the relatively small sample size (n = 46 field observed plots), relative standard errors (SE%) of area estimates are high (around 9% for the larger area classes). Aboveground tree carbon stocks were estimated to be 6.640, 5.580 and 7.222 Mg ha−1 for “forest”, “other wooded land” and “other land with tree cover”, respectively (SE% around 18% for all three estimates). Availability of biomass models is very limited for all classes, in particular when it comes to shrubs. Furthermore, it was estimated that the most abundant tree species in Burkina Faso is Vittelaria paradoxa, the “shea butter tree” which is a multi-use tree species of high relevance for rural livelihoods.To our knowledge this study is the first field-based forest inventory on national level in Burkina Faso where the estimation of errors was possible on statistical grounds, and done. The results of this study revealed major issues that should be taken into account when doing similar studies, including carbon monitoring and accounting: increasing the sample size will lead to smaller standard errors (at a higher costs, of course), but will not solve the crucial points (1) of non-availability of suitable biomass models, in particular for shrub lands and (2) of implementation issues regarding the definition of land cover types. 相似文献
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[目的]利用遥感影像的特点,将地表覆盖类型和植被覆盖度作为天然林保护成效评估的研究指标,提出一种评估天然林保护成效的方法。[方法]首先,分析GF-1遥感影像特点,结合TM影像特点,研究针对GF-1遥感影像的处理和分析技术;其次,选择评估天然林保护成效评估的指标;再次,选取内蒙古金河林业局作为试验区,对试验区的地表覆盖类型变化、植被覆盖度变化进行分析,结合现地调查数据进行验证,从而评估天然林保护成效。[结果]基于采用分类后比较法能够有效检测出地表覆盖类型变化,经验证检测精度能够达到90%以上;归一化植被指数结合像元二分模型能够用于复杂地表植被覆盖度的反演,经野外实测数据验证精度可达到83%。[结论]根据地表覆盖类型变化监测和植被覆盖度变化监测结果,金河林业局天然林保护工程实施以来实现了森林资源由过度消耗向恢复性增长转变。 相似文献
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Conservation and restoration of degraded ecosystems in arid and semi-arid areas of northwest China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In “West Development” of China, one of the most important activities is the Natural Forest Protection Program, designed to
swiftly convert the focus of management and utilization of the natural forests from a timber orientation towards forest conservation,
sustainable management and environmental protection. The project covered almost all the arid and semi-arid regions in Northwest
region. Accompanying this great campaign this paper studied the conservation and restoration model of degraded ecosystems
in arid and semi-arid lands in Northwest China. The past practices have resulted in considerably natural forest degradation
and loss through land conversion (primarily for agriculture), over-harvesting, inadequate reforestation and lack of protection.
The consequences have been the loss of soil and water resources, diminished timber production capacity on a sustainable basis,
and environmental losses. This paper applied Aronson’s restoration model and proposed the conservation, restoration, re-allocation
and preservation program for the implementation of environmental improvement and natural forest conservation. 相似文献
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Forest landscape restoration (FLR) is a process that aims to regain ecological integrity and enhance human well-being in deforested
or degraded forest landscapes. To ensure that restoration efforts are successful, the first step is to understand the dynamics
of the forest landscape and the dominant forces responsible for its change. Taking Yong’an city, Fujian province in China
as a case for study, this paper constructed a Markov model to predict the dynamics of the forest landscape based on sample-plot
data of Continuous Forest Inventory at a county level. The study area was divided into eight landscape element types based
on FLR, including approximated primary forest, secondary broad-leaved forest, secondary forest of Pinus massoniana, natural bamboo forest, planted forest, non-timber product forest, degraded forest land and non-forestry land. The analysis
showed the following: (1) the extent of reforestation of planted forest, non-timber product forest and secondary forest of
Pinus massoniana would be greater than that of deforestation of approximated primary forest, broad-leaved secondary forest and natural bamboo
forest. Therefore, the total area covered by forest would increase steadily. (2) Conversely, conversion among different landscape
element types would occur frequently and have high transition proportions. (3) Remarkable decrease of the extent of approximated
primary forest, together with the conversion from degraded forest land to secondary forest, would probably result in the decline
of forest volume. (4) Forest productivity in the meantime will not be maintained or enhanced because of the conversion from
secondary forest to planted forest. These results suggest that the direct and underlying driving force of landscape dynamics
should be understood and addressed in the upcoming studies for remnant approximated primary forest protection, secondary forest
management and degraded forest land rehabilitation. The conclusion is that the Markov model can be used to analyze the forest
landscape dynamics for FLR based on sample-plot survey data of Continuous Forest Inventory at a county level. 相似文献
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国家级自然保护区是推进生态文明、构建国家生态安全屏障、建设美丽中国的重要载体。为给保护区生态环境保护和自然资源合理利用提供一个示范案例,本文以四川省米仓山国家级自然保护区(以下简称米仓山保护区)为研究区,利用该地区2016年和2017年获取的两期遥感数据,采用人机交互解译方法,在ArcGIS平台上分别圈定耕地、建设用地、未利用地(人工因子)和林地、草地、水域湿地(自然因子),监测保护区土地利用/覆盖现状,分析保护区生态环境变化及其驱动力。结果表明:2016—2017年间保护区土地利用/覆盖类型转换趋势为人工因子转自然因子,主要类型为耕地转林地。通过选定与生态环境密切相关的岩性坚硬度,坡度,水资源,气候降水和人文因素进行驱动力分析发现,米仓山保护区生态环境的变化是自然因素和人文因素等驱动力共同作用的结果,政策推动下的人口减少是直接动因。该成果可为保护区相关监管部门的生态环境保护工作提供重要依据。 相似文献
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沅陵县林地保护利用规划探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
林地是国家重要的自然资源和战略资源,是森林赖以生存发展的根基。编制和实施林地保护利用规划,对于发展现代林业、保障国土生态安全、建设生态文明和应对全球气候变化具有重要意义。本文以2009年沅陵县森林资源数据为基础,综合分析了沅陵县林地保护利用现状,提出了全县林地保护利用规划及规划实施保障措施。 相似文献
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林地资源保护管理与生态林业建设的探究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
森林资源的过度开发以及对林地资源的保护不够重视,采取的措施不到位等,都将导致林地资源被破坏,而这无疑将对人们赖以生存的自然环境造成破坏。基于此,主要针对林地资源保护以及生态林业的建设进行研究,旨在促进林业的可持续发展,以为其他提供借鉴参考。 相似文献
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文章从肃北县自然条件和林地资源现状出发,提出规划期内的林地保护利用目标、林地结构与布局、林地用途管制和林地保护分级管理。 相似文献
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Paul Van de Wouw Cristian EcheverríaJosé María Rey-Benayas Milena Holmgren 《Forest Ecology and Management》2011,262(6):1100-1108
Mediterranean ecosystems are global hotspots of biodiversity threaten by human disturbances. Growing evidence indicates that regeneration of Mediterranean forests can be halted under certain circumstances and that successional stages can become notoriously persistent. The Mediterranean sclerophyllous forest in central Chile is been largely transformed into savannas dominated by the invasive legume tree Acacia caven as result of interacting management and ecological factors. We used multi-temporal satellite imagery to study the transition dynamics of these major vegetation types over the last four decades (1975-2008). Vegetation changes were related to indicators of resource availability (topography, water availability, solar radiance), potential propagule availability (distance to forest remnant patches) and disturbance regimes (grazing, fire occurrence and distance to roads and cities). During this study period, forests were mostly converted into Acacia savannas (46.1%). Acacia savanna was the most persistent natural vegetation type. The probability of sclerophyllous forest degradation into Acacia savanna increased on drier northern-exposed slopes, close to roads and further away from forest remnants. In contrast, forest regeneration from Acacia savanna was higher on moister southern-exposed slopes and closer to forest remnants. Acacia savannas are increasingly being converted into cultivated land on the moister locations or switching into a bare soil state in locations close to cities and further away from forest remnants. These results highlight the vulnerability of diverse sclerophyllous forests and its increasing conversion into persistent Acacia savannas in the Mediterranean region of central Chile and identify the ecological conditions for successful conservation and restoration of the native sclerophyllous forest vegetation that can be used for sensible land use planning. 相似文献
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简述了江华瑶族自治县林地保护利用现状,分析了林地保护利用中林地供需矛盾突出、森林生态功能低下、经营管理粗放、自然灾害频繁导致的森林资源受损等问题,提出了严格保护林地、确保林地规模适度增长、优化林地结构布局、深化集体林权制度改革等对策。 相似文献
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Armando Torres-Lezama Emilio Vilanova Hirma Ramírez-Angulo Giancarlo Alciaturi 《Small-Scale Forestry》2012,11(3):321-337
In the last 20?years, the Mocotíes watershed in the Venezuelan Andes has experienced an intense process of land-use change, with natural forests being replaced by ??sun grown coffee?? (Coffea arabica) monocultures in sites of high slope, increasing risk conditions and the vulnerability of people living in lower parts of the watershed. Using a local-scale approach, 37 productive units (10% of total) in the San Isidro micro-watershed (51.85?km2) were assessed in order to evaluate local socioeconomic conditions and perceptions of ecosystem services, and how both are affected by human activity. Almost 65% of residents work in small farms of less than 5?ha, while family ownership remains the most important form of management. A significant lack of financial support was detected, support which is required to improve coffee productivity and improve conservation practices. Severe soil loss was detected in 45% of the area, associated with cultivation on steep slopes and the use of chemical fertilizers. Agroforestry and tree planting are well-regarded, as locals tend to recognize soil protection and climate change mitigation as two of the most important ecosystem services. Using a small-scale forestry approach, it is believed that current land management could be greatly improved to: (1) progressively introduce tree cover into coffee monocultures; (2) restore degraded areas where forest cover is lost and (3) reduce deforestation. Recommended policies and actions include institutional strengthening, decentralization and the development of community-based forest enterprises. The general principles presented in this work could provide a preliminary basis for basin-wide land restoration. 相似文献