共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
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马铃薯晚疫菌寄生适合度测定方法的研究Ⅱ．室内试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
室内试验用2种方法测定马铃薯晚疫病菌的寄生适合度。结果表明：复合指数法更适用于此病原物。从品种看，米拉表现最抗病，其次是坝薯10号、一墩青和克疫，克新1号、无花和坝薯9号较感病，费乌瑞它和紫山药最感病。从菌种看，C5的致病性普遍高于C2，而C2的致病性又普遍高于C4。 相似文献
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马铃薯晚疫病种薯带菌的分子检测 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
从马铃薯块茎上分离纯化得到晚疫病菌、银腐病菌、癌肿病菌、红腐病菌、黑点病菌和镰刀菌等并提取它们的全基因组DNA,用引物08-3和08-4对这些真菌的DNA进行PCR扩增,以检验该引物扩增晚疫病菌DNA的特异性。取马铃薯种薯的芽眼、芽及其他不同部位并用NaOH法提取晚疫病菌DNA,再用引物08-3和08-4进行特异性扩增以检验种薯是否带晚疫病菌。结果表明:(1)引物08-3和08-4有很强的特异性,只能扩增出大小为257bp的马铃薯晚疫病菌DNA片段;(2)用该引物能扩增出种薯芽眼组织中大小为257bp的晚疫病菌DNA,说明通过PCR特异扩增,能直接检测出马铃薯种薯中潜伏的晚疫病菌。(3)本次检测的本地感病品种米拉有10%的种薯带晚疫病菌。该研究为种薯传播晚疫病菌的分子检测提供了依据和方法。 相似文献
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《中国马铃薯》2016,(6)
为了解云南省马铃薯主要品种的晚疫病抗性,利用云南省马铃薯晚疫病菌优势生理小种(1.2.3.4.6.7.9.10.11)和超级生理小种(1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11)对云南省马铃薯主要品种进行抗性评价。结果表明,在供试的20个品种中,没有对2个供试生理小种表现高抗的品种;对优势生理小种,‘云薯304’、‘云薯401’、‘镇薯1号’和‘紫云1号’4个品种表现抗病,‘合作88’和‘云薯505’表现中抗;对超级生理小种,仅‘云薯304’和‘云薯401’分别表现抗病和中抗。云南省种植的马铃薯主要品种中‘会-2’、‘丽薯6号’、‘宣薯2号’和‘青薯9号’对优势小种均已丧失抗性,‘合作88’仅表现中抗。生产上迫切需要晚疫病抗性强且抗性持久的马铃薯新品种,以减少晚疫病造成的产量和经济损失。 相似文献
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为提高马铃薯晚疫病抗病育种水平,筛选出适宜于天水地区种植的马铃薯品种和抗晚疫病较强的亲本资源,特此对引自全国的38份马铃薯品种(系)进行晚疫病抗性的田间鉴定。试验采用随机区组设计,对参试材料的植株、块茎晚疫病和产量进行评价与分析。结果表明:植株发病最轻的是‘L0527-4’、‘L9901-10’、‘L0527-7’、‘农天2号’、‘天薯12号’、‘同薯20号’、‘陇薯7号’等;块茎晚疫病未发病的为‘同薯20号’、‘陇薯7号’、‘天薯12号’等17份材料;‘陇薯7号’、‘天薯12号’较对照‘陇薯6号’增产,折合产量依次为26 300 kg/hm2、23 800 kg/hm2;最终筛选出‘陇薯7号’和‘天薯12号’两份晚疫病田间抗性和丰产性较好的材料,可用作马铃薯晚疫病抗病育种的资源,并在天水地区推广种植。 相似文献
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氮肥是马铃薯生产中用量较大的肥料之一,其在增加马铃薯产量方面具有不可替代的作用。但由于种植者盲目追求高产,氮肥施用量连年增加,进而导致土壤养分失衡、马铃薯病害发生加剧、马铃薯产量和品质不断下降。为探究施氮量与马铃薯产量及晚疫病发生的关系,田间采用随机区组设计,对抗晚疫病品种‘丽薯10号’、中抗晚疫病品种‘青薯9号’和感晚疫病品种‘中甸红’分别施加 15,20,25,30 和 35 kg/667m2的氮,观察不同施氮量对马铃薯晚疫病及产量的影响。结果表明,不同品种马铃薯在同一施氮水平下,晚疫病发病率、产量不同。‘丽薯 10 号’晚疫病抗性最强、产量最高,其次为‘青薯 9 号’、最差为‘中甸红’。同一马铃薯品种随着氮肥施用量的增加,晚疫病发病率逐渐增加、产量和经济效益逐渐降低。随着施氮量的增加,‘丽薯 10 号’2017 年晚疫病病情指数由 0.47 增加到 0.67,产量从 1 593 kg/667m2减少到1 196 kg/667m2,2018 年晚疫病病情指数由 0.17 增加到 0.22,产量从 1 978 kg/6... 相似文献
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为挖掘抗晚疫病马铃薯资源,研究利用4个不同毒力的晚疫病菌株,基于离体叶片接种法对四倍体材料'陇薯12号'和'L05Nsr-j-1'进行抗性鉴定.结果表明'陇薯12号'高抗除"超级生理小种"CN152外的其余3个菌株,'L05Nsr-j-1'则对4个菌株均表现为高感;进一步利用晚疫病菌效应子E38在上述2份材料上进行农杆... 相似文献
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对从国际马铃薯中心引进的19组晚疫病抗性材料进行扩繁种植试验。总体上看,这些引进材料在西南山区表现较好,尤以其中的392716 54、385524 9、391002 6、385556 4和391580 30等5个品种表现高产,抗病,大中薯率高,可望选出高产抗病的组合,以解决鄂薯3号高产不耐贮,米拉、克新2号等品种晚疫病发生导致严重减产的问题。 相似文献
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《中国马铃薯》2017,(1):1-6
为筛选出适宜四川省不同生态区域的冬马铃薯品种,四川马铃薯创新团队在6个不同生态区域开展冬马铃薯品种引进与筛选多年多点试验。结果表明,在成都平原,‘川凉薯9号’和‘凉薯97’表现突出;在川中丘陵区,‘川芋10号’产量最高;在川东地区,产量较高的品种除对照‘费乌瑞它’外,‘中薯2号’和‘中薯3号’产量表现也较高;在川东北山区,引进的新品种‘鄂薯4号’增产显著;龙门山脉地区‘中薯2号’和‘坝薯10号’产量较高;而凉山州安宁河谷地区则以‘青薯9号’高抗晚疫病,产量表现最突出。由此可见,不同生态区域适宜的冬马铃薯品种差异较大,新品种引进与筛选工作应长期坚持。 相似文献
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为了筛选产量高、抗晚疫病性能好、适宜宁南山区大面积推广的优良品种,在适宜马铃薯种植和晚疫病流行的西吉县对23个马铃薯品种作田间抗病性鉴定。结果表明：马铃薯品种‘青薯9号’、‘庄薯1号’、‘庄薯3号’、‘冀张薯8号’、‘陇薯3号’等品种高产、抗病性强,适宜大面积推广。产量在1 000 kg/667 m2以上且抗性较好的品种依次是：‘晋薯14号’、‘宁薯4号’、‘晋薯15号’、‘宁薯13号’、‘同薯23号’、‘克新17号’,适宜做轮换品种。经相关分析,不同马铃薯品种的病情指数和产量呈极显著的负相关。 相似文献
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Summary The Ecuadorian national collection ofS. phureja ssp.phureja Juz. & Buk. was evaluated in two parts in consecutive years in the field for resistance toPhytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary. Levels of resistance higher than that of the moderately-resistant tetraploid control were found. Preliminary
studies indicate that this resistance is a result of minor genes. Three components of resistance: lesion diameter, lesion
number and latent period were all correlated with field resistance as measured by the area under the disease progress curve. 相似文献
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黑龙江省马铃薯晚疫病菌交配型的研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
由致病疫霉Phytophthora infestans(Mont.)de Bary引起的晚疫病是目前危害马铃薯生产最严重的病害之一,明确A2交配型在黑龙江省的存在与否,对晚疫病防治策略的制订具有重要的指导意义。本研究将采自黑龙江省大兴安岭、嫩江、讷河、克山、海伦、绥棱、绥化、巴彦、呼兰、哈尔滨、双城、林口、望奎的马铃薯晚疫病样品进行分离纯化得到124个菌株,通过对峙培养鉴定方法进行交配型测定,结果显示:124个菌株中未发现A2交配型菌株,表明黑龙江省未出现马铃薯晚疫病A2交配型。 相似文献
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Phosphite-based fungicides are increasingly used to control fungi-like plant pathogens from the Oomycetes group. A rapid, precise, and cost-effective suppressed conductivity high performance ion chromatography (HPIC) method was developed to assess the concentrations of soluble phosphites (Phi) and phosphates (Pi) in plant samples. This technique was used to determine the amount of Phi and Pi in leaves and tubers of potato plants following foliar applications of the Phi-based fungicide Confine™. High amounts of Phi were determined in both leaves and tubers indicating that potato plants efficiently uptake and translocate the fungicide. The number of applications of Confine™ and its concentration were found to be directly proportional with the amount of Phi detected in potato plants and inversely proportional with the development of Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary in these plants. Levels of Phi comparable to those determined in plants were found to strongly inhibit the growth of P. infestans in vitro. The simultaneous estimation of the in planta Phi concentration and of the sensitivity of P. infestans to Phi represent the most comprehensive approach of assessing the efficacy of Phi-based fungicides in controlling late blight development in potatoes. 相似文献
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Pedro J. Oyarzún Carla D. Garzón Diego Leon Irene Andrade Gregory A. Forbes 《American Journal of Potato Research》2005,82(2):117-122
Potato late blight, caused byPhytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, is the most important biotic constraint to potato yield and productivity in Ecuador. Yields are severely reduced by foliage blight, but tuber blight has never been quantified in this country. To address this issue, three independent surveys were carried out in Ecuador to estimate the incidence of tuber infection byP. infestans. The first two (1998–1999) involved the collection and assessment of more than 8,000 tubers from the four provinces that produce the most potatoes: Carchi, Chimborazo, Pichincha, and Tungurahua. In the third survey (1999–2001), approximately 10,000 tubers were sampled from the two provinces producing the most potatoes, Carchi and Chimborazo, and from Canar and Bolivar, two provinces that produce relatively small amounts. In spite of confirmed foliage infection in most fields sampled, very few infected tubers were found. In 1999, an extremely low incidence of tuber blight (less than 0.1%) was detected in three samples (each of more than 1,000 tubers) from the province of Pichincha. In a separate survey in 1999, tuber blight was also found in three fields in the province of Carchi, but with very low incidence. Our data indicate that tuber blight does occur in Ecuador, but the incidence of the disease is extremely low. Factors that might suppress tuber blight in Ecuador are discussed. 相似文献
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大豆菌核病在全球范围内均有发生,由于病原菌寄主范围较广,难于防治,对大豆产量和品质产生严重影响。对于大豆菌核病抗性种质资源的鉴定是抗性机理研究、基因定位及抗病育种工作的重要基础,文章对大豆菌核病资源鉴定中涉及的接种体(菌丝、孢子和菌核)的培养、植株不同部位的接种鉴定、草酸鉴定、茎中可溶性色素水平测定及田间鉴定方法进行了系统的总结和分析,并针对接种体的选择、环境条件对发病的影响及田间与温室鉴定结果不一致等问题展开讨论,为大豆菌核病抗性资源的筛选,菌核病发病机理及抗性基因的定位研究奠定基础。 相似文献
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Inheritance of resistance to late blight in foliage and tubers of progenies from parents differing in resistance 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Summary TenSolanum tuberosum genotypes differing in resistance to late blight (Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary) in foliage and tubers were intercrossed to determine the inheritance of disease resistance in their progenies.
Plots of 10–15 clones per progeny were established in each of 2 years and resistance assessed by field or laboratory tests.
The parental genotypes were similarly tested each year.
The parents differed in general combining ability (GCA) for both foliage blight (FB) and tuber blight (TB). The parental and
GCA scores were significantly correlated for both aspects of the disease, but the correlations between foliage and tuber scores
for parents and for GCAs were not significant.
Three parental genotypes were highly resistant in both foliage and tubers, and the genotype with the highest GCA for resistance
to both FB and TB (cv. stirling) is recommended as the best parent. There was no evidence of strong genetic correlation between
both aspects of resistance, and it is suggested that both be selected for in a breeding programme. 相似文献