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1.
A retrospective survey from January 1989 to January 1999 of Tufts University Foster Hospital for Small Animals radiology records of 12 dogs and seven cats with cytologically or histopathologically confirmed abdominal mast cell disease was performed. Ultrasound changes in hepatic mast cell infiltration in dogs included a subjective increase in size, a diffuse increase in echogenicity, and one or more hypoechoic nodules. Ultrasound findings in the affected canine spleen included one or more hypoechoic nodules and a subjective increase in size. Two ultrasonographically unremarkable canine livers and one unremarkable spleen were found to be infiltrated by mast cells. The mast cell-infiltrated feline spleen was subjectively increased in size, mottled, irregular, or contained nodules. The affected lymph nodes in both dogs and cats were hypoechoic or inhomogeneous, subjectively increased in size, and rounded. Gastrointestinal involvement in cats was characterized by a thickened ileocecocolic junction or colon with loss of wall layering. Mast cells were not found in the gastrointestinal tract in any dog. One dog with mast cell infiltrate of the kidneys had multiple hypoechoic nodules in the cortex that distorted the outer contour of the kidney. Although these findings are not specific to the disease in either species, abdominal ultrasound is considered a useful tool for determining the extent of disease in small-animal patients with mast cell tumor if used in conjunction with histopathology or cytology. 相似文献
2.
Cathy Beck BVSc Jennifer A. Charles BVSc Alistair A. Maclean BVSc 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2001,42(4):355-357
A 16-year-old thoroughbred stallion developed sudden swelling of the left testicle. The stallion had previously been regarded as a unilateral cryptorchid. Ultrasound examination of the left testicle revealed a diffusely heterogeneous parenchyma. The testicle was diffusely hypoechoic with ill defined regions of hyperechogenicity giving the appearance of hypoechoic nodules throughout the testicular parenchyma. No normal testicular tissue was identifiable. An echogenic band, representing a pseudocapsule could be seen surrounding the testicle. Histopathologic diagnosis a seminoma. 相似文献
3.
Robert Cruz-Arámbulo DVM MS Robert Wrigley BVSc MS Barbara Powers DVM 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2004,45(6):554-558
The purpose of this retrospective study was to describe the ultrasonographic features of malignant histiocytosis (MH), malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and histiocytic sarcoma in abdominal organs of dogs. The medical records of 18 dogs that had undergone abdominal sonography and had a histopathologic diagnosis of abdominal MH, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and histiocytic sarcoma were reviewed. The organ most commonly affected was the spleen. MH was the most common followed by histiocytic sarcoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma. In the spleen there were often multiple hypoechoic nodules with well-defined borders. In one dog, without focal lesions, the spleen was enlarged and hypoechoic. The liver was the second most commonly affected organ. MH was most common followed by histiocytic sarcomas and malignant fibrous histiocytoma. The most common sonographic feature in the liver was the presence of multiple hypoechoic nodules with well-defined borders. One dog without hepatic nodules had a liver that was ultrasonographically enlarged and hypoechoic. MH in the abdominal lymph nodes resulted in hypoechoic lymphadenopathy. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma was the only neoplastic type in the kidneys appearing as a single heteroechoic renal mass with well-defined borders. MH was observed in the stomach of one dog. Sonographically there was a single well circumscribed hypoechoic mass with well-defined borders and abnormal stomach layers. In this study it was not possible to differentiate between MH, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and histiocytic sarcoma using sonography. 相似文献
4.
Elisabet Domínguez Eduard Anadón Yvonne Espada Llorenç Grau‐Roma Natàlia Majó Rosa Novellas 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2014,55(2):208-212
A 10‐year‐old entire female Beagle dog was evaluated for an acute history of lethargy, anorexia, and diarrhea. Mammary tumors were detected during physical examination. Ultrasonographic scanning revealed the presence of a unique pattern of multiple, well‐defined and well‐marginated hypoechoic nodules in the muscularis layer of the jejunum. These nodules were not associated with changes in the rest of the normal intestinal layering and were not causing signs of intestinal obstruction. Mammary carcinoma metastases to the intestinal muscularis layer were diagnosed based on histopathological examination. 相似文献
5.
Ruey‐Shyuan Wu Yi‐Jing Liu Che‐Chu Chu Hock Gan Heng Min‐Yuan Chia Hsien‐Chi Wang Kuan‐Sheng Chen 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2017,58(5):607-612
Insulinoma is a functional, insulin‐secreting tumor, arising from the beta islet cells of the pancreas. It is one of the most common neoplasms in ferrets and has been associated with clinical signs of hypoglycemia, such as ptyalism, pawing at the mouth, seizures, lethargy, and coma. The ultrasonographic features of insulinoma in ferrets have not been previously reported. The purpose of this retrospective case series study was to describe the ultrasonographic features of confirmed insulinoma in a group of ferrets. Inclusion criteria were abdominal ultrasound examination and histological confirmed insulinoma by surgical biopsy. Six ferrets met the inclusion criteria, all of which had multiple hypoglycemic episodes. Ultrasonographic images were reviewed and the characteristics of the pancreatic nodules were recorded. Twenty‐eight pancreatic nodules were observed in the six ferrets and were primarily hypoechoic (89.3%, 25/28) and homogenous (46.4%, 13/28) with a smooth margin (78.6%, 22/28). The distribution of the pancreatic nodules was 46.4% in the left lobe, 50% in the right lobe, and 3.6% in the body of the pancreas. The sizes of the pancreatic nodules varied from 1.5 × 1.5 to 4.1 × 5.6 mm. All of the pancreatic nodules removed from surgery were histopathologically confirmed as insulinoma. The findings indicated that insulinoma in ferrets could be detected through ultrasonography, which may facilitate diagnosis and preoperative surgical planning. 相似文献
6.
Sammy Ramirez DVM MS James P. Douglass DVM MS Ian D. Robertson BVSc 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2002,43(2):167-170
Ultrasonographic features of canine abdominal malignant histiocytosis (MH) of 16 dogs are reported. The most common finding was the presence of hypoechoic nodules in the spleen, some of which caused distortion of the splenic margin. The liver was the second-most commonly affected organ. Hepatic ultrasonographic features were highly variable, including hypoechoic, hyperechoic, or mixed echogenic lesions. Other common ultrasonographic abnormalities included hypoechoic nodules in the kidneys and mesenteric and medial iliac lymphadenopathy. The results of this study suggest that the ultrasonographic appearance of canine abdominal MH is nonspecific, and definitive diagnosis requires cytologic or histologic examination. 相似文献
7.
P A Walter D A Feeney G R Johnston T P O'Leary 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1987,191(8):999-1007
The medical records of 32 dogs with microscopically proven renal parenchymal disease were evaluated to characterize the associated ultrasonographic patterns and to assess the contribution of ultrasonography to the diagnosis and management in each case. Ultrasonography provided additional information on internal renal architecture in 18 dogs with radiographic evidence of structural abnormality. Ultrasonography determined the renal origin of 2 abdominal masses, defined the extent and distribution of neoplastic disease in 6 dogs, and identified kidneys not seen on survey radiographs or excretory urograms in 5 dogs because of decreased abdominal contrast or poor function. The ultrasonographic patterns were most specific for focal and multifocal or diffuse neoplasia. Ultrasonographic findings were least specific for diffuse parenchymal disease without architectural disruption such as glomerulo/interstitial nephritis, renal tubular necrosis, and nephrocalcinosis. In these cases, biopsy was recommended. Six interpretive errors were made. Four of these errors were related to the overestimation of renal pelvic and diverticular size because of confusion with medullary papilla. Two errors occurred in the diagnosis of renal lymphosarcoma, one of which was interpreted to be pyelonephritis. The other was an interpretive dilemma because of absence of hypoechoic multifocal nodules. Renal tubular necrosis was confirmed in this case. 相似文献
8.
S Boza X Lucas M Zarelli M Soler E Belda A Agut 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(5):934-936
A 5‐year‐old female cross‐breed dog was presented for a one‐month history of lethargy, poor appetite and weight loss. A hysterectomy had been performed 2 years ago. Abdominal palpation revealed a mid‐abdominal mass and haematological analysis showed leucocytosis with left shift. On abdominal radiographs, a 9 cm in diameter soft tissue opacity mass ventral to the colon and caudal to the left kidney was observed. The abdominal ultrasonography revealed a mass well circumscribed, with a hyperechoic capsule and hypoechoic center with echoic debris. The presumptive diagnosis was an abscess due to foreign body granuloma. Laparotomy was performed and a mass close to the left ovary was found. Adhesions and residues of the suture material were observed close to the right ovary and the uterine body stump. The mass, both ovaries and adhesions were removed. On cut section of the mass two cavities were observed. The small one contained three embedded silk suture residues. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a chronic abscess caused by silk suture. 相似文献
9.
Kensuke Nakamura Sue‐Yee Lim Kenji Ochiai Masahiro Yamasaki Hiroshi Ohta Keitaro Morishita Satoshi Takagi Mitsuyoshi Takiguchi 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2015,56(1):55-62
Abdominal ultrasonography is one of the most common diagnostic imaging modalities used for dogs with suspected insulinoma; however, pancreatic masses are clearly identified in fewer than half of affected dogs and benign pancreatic nodules can be difficult to differentiate from malignant ones. The purpose of this prospective study was to describe contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) characteristics of confirmed pancreatic insulinoma in a group of dogs. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) repeated hypoglycemia (blood glucose levels <60 mg/dl, twice or more); (2) elevated blood insulin levels with hypoglycemia; (3) pancreatic nodules detected with conventional ultrasonography; and (4) histological confirmation of pancreatic islet cell carcinoma. Immediately following conventional ultrasonography of the entire abdomen, CEUS of the pancreatic nodule and adjacent parenchyma was performed using contrast‐specific technology pulse inversion imaging and perflubutane microbubble contrast agent. Three dogs met inclusion criteria. Pancreatic nodules in all the three dogs became more clearly demarcated after injection of the contrast agent. Each nodule showed different enhancement patterns: markedly hyperechoic for 5 s, slightly hyperechoic for 1 s, and clearly hypoechoic for over 30 s. These results were not in complete agreement with previously reported CEUS findings in human patients with insulinoma. All nodules were surgically resected and histopathologically confirmed as malignant insulinomas. Findings from the current study indicated that contrast‐enhanced ultrasound may help to increase conspicuity of pancreatic insulinomas in dogs and that enhancement characteristics may be more variable in dogs than in humans. 相似文献
10.
M K Chaffin D G Schmitz G W Brumbaugh D G Hall 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1992,201(5):743-747
Splenic and hepatic ultrasonography were beneficial for diagnosis of lymphosarcoma in 3 horses with anorexia, weight loss, and lethargy. Ultrasonographic abnormalities of the spleen included a large, complex, hypoechoic mass in 1 horse, multiple well-marginated, hypoechoic nodules in 1 horse, and diffuse hyperechogenicity in another horse. Ultrasonographic abnormalities of the liver included a spherical, hypoechoic nodule in 1 horse and diffuse hyperechogenicity in another. Histologic examination of ultrasound-guided biopsy specimens or aspirates revealed lymphosarcoma. Necropsy findings confirmed diagnosis of lymphosarcoma in all horses. Necropsy findings of the liver and spleen correlated well with antemortem ultrasonographic images. 相似文献
11.
Retrospective evaluation of thoracic computed tomography findings in dogs naturally infected by Angiostrongylus vasorum 
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下载免费PDF全文 Mark E. Coia Gawain Hammond Daniel Chan Randi Drees David Walker Kevin Murtagh Janine Stone Nicholas Bexfield Lizzie Reeve Jenny Helm 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2017,58(5):524-534
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13.
Genna Atiee Heather Kvitko‐White Kathy Spaulding Mark Johnson 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2014,55(3):310-314
Histoplasmosis is the second most common fungal infection reported in the cat. The disseminated form involving lung, liver, lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow is a frequent manifestation of the disease. Limited information is available in the literature regarding the ultrasonographic appearance of the spleen in cats with disseminated or splenic histoplasmosis. A retrospective review of splenic ultrasound images from 15 cats confirmed to have histoplasmosis by splenic aspirates was performed. Size, echotexture, echogenicity, margin appearance, presence of nodules, and the overall shape of the spleen were reported in each case. Splenomegaly was documented in all cases (15/15) and a hypoechoic appearance of the spleen was documented in 14/15 of cases. The spleen was diffusely and uniformly affected in 14/15 (six homogenous and eight with a subtle mottled appearance) and had discrete nodules in 1/15 cats. Histoplasmosis should be included in the differential list for an enlarged and hypoechoic spleen in cats with consistent clinical findings. Additionally, ultrasound guided splenic aspirate may be a useful method to obtain a cytology sample for diagnosis. 相似文献
14.
Carr E Schott H Pusterla N 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2011,25(5):1190-1193
Background: Equid herpesvirus‐1 (EHV‐1) reactivation and shedding can occur in latently infected, asymptomatic animals. Risk factors for reactivation include stress and illness. The risk of asymptomatic shedding in hospitalized, critically ill horses with acute abdominal disease is unknown. This information is important to assess the need for additional biosecurity protocols to prevent spread of EHV‐1 in hospitalized critically ill horses with acute abdominal disorders. Objectives: To determine the frequency of reactivation and nasal shedding of EHV‐1 in hospitalized critically ill horses. Animals: One hundred twenty‐four client‐owned horses admitted to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital with acute abdominal disorders were included in the study. Methods: Cross‐sectional study examining the risk of reactivation of EHV‐1 in horses admitted with acute, severe, gastrointestinal disease. Whole blood and nasal secretions were collected throughout hospitalization. In addition, mandibular lymph nodes were collected from 9 study horses and 26 other Michigan horses. All samples were tested for the presence of EHV‐1 nucleic acid by real‐time PCR assays targeting the glycoprotein B gene and the polymerase (ORF 30) gene. Results: One hundred and twenty‐four horses met the inclusion criteria. None of the samples were positive for EHV‐1 DNA. Conclusion and Clinical Importance: These results suggest that nasal shedding and viremia of EHV‐1 in hospitalized critically ill horses with acute abdominal disorder is extremely rare. Implementation of additional biosecurity protocols to limit aerosol spread of EHV‐1 among horses with acute abdominal disease and other hospitalized horses is not necessary. 相似文献
15.
Emmelie Stock Katrien Vanderperren Ilse Moeremans Hilde de Rooster Katleen Hermans Jimmy H. Saunders 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2020,61(4):31-35
A 1‐year‐old male French Lop rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) was presented with a sudden onset of hyporexia. Physical examination revealed cranial abdominal discomfort. Liver enzymes were elevated on serum biochemistry profile. Abdominal radiographs showed diffusely gas‐dilated small intestinal loops. On abdominal ultrasound, a lobe in the right aspect of the liver was hypoechoic with rounded margins and was surrounded by hyperechoic fat and anechoic fluid. Contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography showed complete lack of perfusion in the abnormal right liver lobe. Exploratory laparotomy revealed torsion of the quadrate liver lobe. Diffuse coagulation necrosis was noted on histopathologic examination. The rabbit fully recovered after surgery. 相似文献
16.
Valentin Janvier Laurence Evrard Simona Cerri Alexandra Gougnard Valeria Busoni 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2016,57(1):65-74
Ultrasonography and radiography are commonly used for staging of lymphoma in horses, however there is little published information on imaging characteristics for horses with confirmed disease. The purpose of this retrospective, case series study was to describe ultrasonographic and radiographic findings for a group of horses with a confirmed diagnosis of lymphoma. A total of 13 horses were sampled. Lymphadenopathy (8/13), peritoneal effusion (6/13), splenic (6/13), and hepatic (5/13) lesions were the most frequently identified. The predominant splenic and hepatic ultrasonographic lesions were hypoechoic nodules, organomegaly, and changes in echogenicity. Digestive tract lesions were detected in three horses and these included focal thickening and decreased echogenicity of the small (2/13) and large intestinal (2/13) wall. Thoracic lesions were predominantly pleural effusion (4/13), lymphadenopathy (4/13), and lung parenchymal changes (3/13). Enlarged lymph nodes were detected radiographically (4/13) and/or ultrasonographically (2/13) in the thorax and ultrasonographically in the abdomen (7/13) and in the caudal cervical region (4/13). Findings supported the use of abdominal and thoracic ultrasonography for lymphoma staging in horses. Ultrasound landmarks for localizing cecal and caudal deep cervical lymph nodes were also provided. 相似文献
17.
R H Wrigley L J Konde R D Park J L Lebel 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1988,193(12):1565-1568
The ultrasonographic appearance of the spleen and adjacent organs in 12 dogs with splenic lymphosarcoma was reviewed. Poorly marginated hypoechoic to anechoic nodules (4 mm to 3 cm in diameter) were found in all dogs. The anechoic nodules did not result in reflective shadowing or acoustic enhancement of the underlying tissues. The remainder of the splenic parenchyma appeared relatively hypoechoic when compared with the liver or renal cortices in 9 dogs. Recognition of this ultrasonographic pattern appears to be a useful diagnostic tool. Needle aspiration guided ultrasonographically will then enable histologic confirmation of lymphosarcoma. 相似文献
18.
Seth T. Wallack DVM William J. Hornof DVM MS Eric J. Herrgesell DVM 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2003,44(1):81-85
An 8-year-old, domestic short hair cat with a known history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and previous aortic thromboembolism was presented for 24 h of vomiting and pyrexia. Initial abdominal radiographs were unremarkable. On an upper gastrointestinal series, delayed gastric emptying and prolonged small intestinal transit time were found. An initial abdominal ultrasound revealed a focal region of aperistaltic small intestine with mild wall thickening, however, intestinal wall layering in this area appeared normal. By 72 h, there was a diffusely hypoechoic portion of thickened small bowel (0.51 cm) with loss of the normal layering and hyperechoic mesentery surrounding this segment of bowel. A small bowel infarction and focal peritonitis were suspected and confirmed at surgery. 相似文献
19.
K. Vanderperren H. Haers E. Van der Vekens E. Stock D. Paepe S. Daminet J. H. Saunders 《The Journal of small animal practice》2014,55(3):164-169
Canine pancreatic tumours are rare compared to human medicine and the detection and differentiation of pancreatic neoplasia is challenging with B‐mode ultrasonography, which often leads to late clinical diagnosis and poor prognosis. This case report describes the findings of contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography in four dogs with pancreatic adenocarcinoma or insulinoma. B‐mode ultrasonography of the pancreas revealed a hypoechoic nodule in three dogs and heterogenous tissue in one dog. Contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography was able to differentiate between two tumour types: adenocarcinomas showed hypoechoic and hypovascular lesions, whereas insulinomas showed uniformly hypervascular lesions. Contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography findings were confirmed by cytology and/or histopathology. The results demonstrated that contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography was able to establish different enhancement patterns between exocrine (adenocarcinoma) and endocrine (insulinoma) tumours in dogs . 相似文献
20.
K. Ide N. Uchida K. Iyori T. Mochizuki R. Fukushima T. Iwasaki K. Nishifuji 《The Journal of small animal practice》2013,54(4):201-204
A six‐year‐old, neutered, female golden retriever was presented with generalised, dark purple to black cutaneous nodules and gastrointestinal haemorrhage. Histopathologically, all cutaneous nodules were diagnosed as benign cavernous haemangiomas. Endoscopic analysis revealed similar nodules in the oesophagus, stomach and duodenum. At laparotomy, similar nodules were seen on the visceral peritoneal lining of abdominal organs. Metastatic haemangiosarcoma was ruled out based on histological features and lack of primary tumour in spleen, liver or heart ultrasonographically. Blood loss associated with gastrointestinal haemorrhage was managed with blood transfusion. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first canine case of multi‐system progressive angiomatosis resembling blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome in humans. 相似文献