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1.
《中国南方果树》2016,(5)
为明确4个油梨品种的果皮、果肉、果核的总酚含量、总抗氧化能力和乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性,采用Folin-Ciocalteu法确定了水果提取物的总酚含量,测定水果提取物的DPPH清除率、ABTS清除率、羟基自由基清除率确定其抗氧化能力,并测定了提取物的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性。结果显示,4个油梨品种的果皮、果肉、果核的总酚含量为9.6~27.8 mgGAE/g干物质;DPPH、ABTS、羟基自由基清除率的IC50分别是41.7~144、27.3~2 783和20.2~323.1μg/mL;乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制率的IC50为202~2 042μg/mL。总体而言,油梨不同部分的抗氧化活性与乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性从弱到强依次为果肉果皮果核。 相似文献
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《果树学报》2010,(4)
比较了甜种、荸荠种和冰糖种白肉枇杷以及宝珠、大叶杨墩和大玫瑰红袍红肉枇杷成熟果实果肉的可溶性糖含量、组成及蔗糖代谢相关酶活性的差异。结果显示白肉枇杷果肉可溶性总糖含量高于红肉枇杷,且以蔗糖为主(占60%~70%),其次是果糖(20%~30%)和葡萄糖(9%~11%),而红肉枇杷中3种可溶性糖的含量比较接近。白肉枇杷果肉蔗糖占总糖的比例显著高于红肉枇杷,而葡萄糖则相反,但果糖占总糖的比例在2类枇杷中比较接近。白肉枇杷果实中性转化酶(NI)、酸性转化酶(AI)、蔗糖合成酶合成方向(SUS-synthetic)和蔗糖合成酶分解方向(SUS-cleavage)活性均低于红肉枇杷,蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)活性则比较接近。2类枇杷果肉蔗糖代谢酶的净活性均为负值,但红肉枇杷酶的净活性较低。研究认为,蔗糖代谢酶活性与2类枇杷果肉可溶性糖含量和组成差异存在密切关系。 相似文献
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不同猕猴桃品种果实发育过程中总酚和类黄酮含量及抗氧化活性的动态变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【目的】探讨不同猕猴桃品种果实发育过程中总酚、类黄酮含量及抗氧化活性的动态变化差异。【方法】以江西主栽的美味猕猴桃'金魁’和中华猕猴桃'红阳’以及本课题组自主选育的毛花猕猴桃'赣猕6号’为试材,对果实生长发育过程中总酚、类黄酮含量和FRAP抗氧化能力、清除羟基自由基(·OH)、DPPH自由基(DPPH·)和超氧阴离子自由基(·O2-)的能力进行检测分析。【结果】3个猕猴桃品种果实总酚和类黄酮含量在果实生长发育过程中大体呈现由高到低的变化趋势;但不同品种其含量差异显著,尤其'赣猕6号’总酚含量高于其他两个品种十几倍。对抗氧化活性检测发现',赣猕6号’比其他两个品种具有较强的FRAP抗氧化能力和清除超氧阴离子自由基(·O2-)能力。相关性分析显示',赣猕6号’清除·OH和·O2-能力与总酚、类黄酮含量存在极显著或显著相关性',金魁’FRAP抗氧化能力与总酚、类黄酮含量存在极显著和显著相关性,而'红阳’FRAP抗氧化能力、清除DPPH·能力分别与总酚、类黄酮含量存在显著和极显著相关性。【结论】猕猴桃果实含有丰富的酚类物质,随着果实的生长发育呈现逐渐降低的趋势。猕猴桃抗氧化能力与总酚、类黄酮含量呈显著正相关。毛花猕猴桃'赣猕6号’比美味猕猴桃'金魁’和中华猕猴桃'红阳’具有更高含量的酚类物质和更强的抗氧化能力。本试验为猕猴桃优良品种的推广、野生资源发掘、新品种选育、天然抗氧化保健药物以及功能性食品的开发奠定了基础。 相似文献
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越橘果实花色苷含量及其抗氧化能力研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国果树》2018,(6)
利用高效液相色谱和质谱联用法测定5个越橘品种果实、果皮和果肉花色苷含量,采用DPPH法、FRAP法和ABTs法测定其抗氧化能力。结果表明:越橘果实中富含花色苷且品种间存在差异,不同品种果皮中花色苷含量为554.58~1 248.70 mg/kg,果肉中花色苷含量为115.35~179.78 mg/kg,果实中花色苷含量为669.93~1 428.48 mg/kg,果皮中花色苷含量明显高于果肉;果皮、果肉和果实中花色苷含量均较高的品种为‘莱格西’,其次为‘布里吉塔’,‘密斯梯’最低。果实花色苷提取物均具有较强的抗氧化能力,果皮、果肉和果实中花色苷抗氧化能力较强的品种均为‘莱格西’和‘布里吉塔’。果皮中花色苷含量均与FRAP和ABTs呈显著正相关,果肉和果实中花色苷含量均与FRAP和ABTs呈极显著正相关;对3种方法测定结果的相关性分析表明,FRAP和ABTs方法间具有很好的相关性,可作为越橘果实花色苷抗氧化能力测定的首选方法。 相似文献
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《果树学报》2021,(10)
早炭是由荸荠种实生变异单株选育而成的早熟杨梅新品种。果实近圆球形,果型中等,果蒂略凸起,果面紫红色,肉柱圆润,果肉质地略硬,风味浓,味甜微酸,核小;浙江区域内平均单果质量13.7 g。果实平均可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)11.9%,总酸含量0.99%,可食率96%,果形指数0.98,品质上等。果实生育期45～50 d,在浙江温州地区果实5月底至6月初成熟;以春梢和夏梢为主要结果母枝,花序坐果率23.6%。品种抗病性强,抗枯枝病、抗果实白腐病强于荸荠种。适合浙江省及全国杨梅适栽地区栽培,第3年开花结果,8～10 a(年)进入盛产期,每666.7 m2产量为600～700 kg。 相似文献
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5个葡萄品种果实生物活性物质的检测与抗氧化活性评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用高效液相色谱——二极管阵列检测器(HPLC-DAD),以柠檬酸-乙酸铵缓冲液和甲醇为流动相,利用梯度洗脱,分析了玫瑰红、巨峰、藤稔、奶油和马奶子5个葡萄品种果皮、果肉和种子中没食子酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、芍药素、白藜芦醇、鞣花酸和山奈酚的含量。结果表明,玫瑰红葡萄果皮、果肉和种子中7种生物活性物质组分的含量均高于其它品种,而奶油和马奶子果实中7种生物活性物质组分的含量较低或未检出。利用改进的过氧化自由基清除能力(PSC)法评价了5个葡萄品种的果实不同部位提取物抗氧化活性,发现所有品种果皮提取物抗氧化活性均高于果肉和种子,其中玫瑰红果皮抗氧化活性为311.5mmol/kg,奶油和马奶子果肉提取物抗氧化活性分别为28.0和17.5mmol/kg。分析表明,葡萄果实3个部位抗氧化活性与7种生物活性物质组分的总量呈显著正相关关系(r=0.949)。红皮葡萄果实生物活性物质水平和抗氧化活性均高于白皮葡萄。 相似文献
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龙山红是在四川省都江堰市紫坪镇海拔1 200 m处发现的猕猴桃两性花新品种,属美味猕猴桃(Actinidia deliciosa)变种彩色猕猴桃(Actinidia deliciosa var.coloris)。在3个不同海拔地区试验,龙山红花蕾期套袋坐果率达81.71%,部分花粉在蔗糖液中培养后萌发并长出花粉管;植物学特征与美味猕猴桃相同;果实长椭圆形,无缢痕,扁平率1.14,单果重50.0～80.0 g,果实褐色,果面密被棕色硬毛,果梗短,最外层果肉绿色,中柱外围的心室部分果肉淡红色,香气浓,心皮30个左右,中柱白色,单果有种子640粒左右,种子千粒重1.73 g,鲜果可溶性固形物含量14.60%,总糖含量10.20%,总酸含量1.87%,维生素C含量651.00 mg/kg;在四川省都江堰市海拔1 100 m处,果实成熟期10月中下旬;抗寒、抗病和抗湿。 相似文献
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以云南富民杨梅为原料,提取其中的多酚类活性物质进行总酚含量测定,并进一步研究其抗氧化、抑制亚硝胺能力。试验结果表明:杨梅总酚含量140.43mg/100g样品。DPPH自由基法显示,杨梅多酚提取物具有一定的清除DPPH自由基能力,其清除能力与多酚提取物浓度之间存在明显的剂量效应关系,随着杨梅多酚提取物浓度的增大,其清除二苯代苦味酰自由基(DPPH)的能力增强。在与2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚(BHT)的抗氧化性比较中,杨梅多酚提取物的抗氧化性明显要高于合成的抗氧化剂BHT,当杨梅多酚提取物的浓度0.20mg/ml时,清除羟自由基的清除率为91.60%,同等条件下,杨梅多酚提取物清除羟自由基的清除率是常用抗氧化剂BHT的1.52倍。杨梅中多酚类物质具有良好的阻断亚硝胺合成能力,有一定的清除亚硝胺能力,当杨梅多酚提取物含量为0.60mg/ml时,清除率最高。 相似文献
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荸荠种杨梅变异新株系甬选56号的主要生物学特征及其AFLP鉴别 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
我国杨梅主栽品种荸荠种的品种退化严重。作者在宁波市江北区南联村荸荠种杨梅园选出了一株大果、优良的甬选56号单株。其单果重和果径分别达(14.25±1.56)g和(3.00±0.11)cm,均显著大于普通荸荠种[单果重和果径分别为(9.05±1.39)g和(2.55±0.09)cm];甬选56号果实的可溶性总糖含量和有机酸总量分别为(125.97±4.25)和(10.04±0.32)mg/mL,普通荸荠种分别是(106.90±3.29)和(8.44±0.19)mg/mL。经过4年对甬选56号和普通荸荠种杨梅主要生物学和果实品质特征的调查,结果表明甬选56号的大果型和果实品质等优良性状具有稳定性,结合AFLP分子鉴别结果,认为甬选56号是一个变异新株系。 相似文献
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Specific components of cranberry fruit are being associated with human health attributes, such as maintenance of urinary tract health and antioxidant status. Some of the chemical properties and antioxidant capacity of cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait. cv. Pilgrim) fruits were investigated at light green, blush, light red and dark red maturation stages. Fruit total phenolics, total monomeric anthocyanins, soluble solids, titratable acidity and individual organic acids were examined. Antioxidant capacity of fruits were determined by both the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assays. The fruit color was measured using a portable chromameter. A converse relationship was found between total phenolics and anthocyanin as fruits mature. Total phenolic concentration was declined from 7990 to 4745 mg GAE/kg fw, while total monomeric anthocyanin content was increased from 0.8 to 111.0 mg/kg fw from green to dark red stage. Brix was increased from 6 to 9.3% as well. The main organic acid was citric acid determined by the HPLC method. The antioxidant capacity of cranberries decreased to light red stage; when a fruit accumulates more anthocyanin the activity increased again in both FRAP and TEAC methods. Averaged antioxidant capacity measured was 12.61 and 17.48 mmol TE/kg fw by FRAP and TEAC methods. 相似文献
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Arshad Mehmood Abbasi Munir H. Shah Xinbo Guo Nadeem Khan 《International Journal of Fruit Science》2016,16(2):113-134
Ethnomedicinal uses, chemical composition (major nutrients, essential/toxic metals, phytochemical constituents), and antioxidant properties of the fruits of five Morus species (M. alba, M. laevigata, M. macroura, M. nigra, and M. serrata) were evaluated in this study. Standard methodology was used for the analysis of the nutrients, major/trace metals, phytochemicals, and antioxidant potential of the fruits. Highest average contents of the proteins (13.1%), fats (12.4%), fibers (8.02%), and carbohydrates (80.5%) were found in M. macroura, M. laevigata, M. nigra, and M. serrata, respectively. Among the metals, highest concentration in the fruits was shown by K (1080–1230 mg/kg), followed by Mg (84.4–207 mg/kg), Ca (54.8–146 mg/kg), Fe (13.6–59.0 mg/kg), Na (5.43–14.8 mg/kg), and Zn (2.15–5.57 mg/kg). The phytochemicals and antioxidant activities were measured in the water and acetone extracts of the fruits. Relatively higher total phenolics (85.6 mg GAE/100 g, FW), flavonoids (85.8 mg RE/100 g, FW), flavonols (99.8 mg RE/100 g, FW), and ascorbic acid (4.12 mg AAE/100 g, FW) contents were found in M. nigra, which also revealed significantly higher 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) inhibition (93.8%). Considerably higher OH radical and H2O2 scavenging activities were observed in M. macroura and M. alba, respectively. Comparatively higher ferrous ions chelating activity (37.8%) was noted in M. serrata, which also showed highest value for phosphomolybdenum assay (183 µM AAE/100 g, FW). Highest ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (69.9 µM GAE/100 g, FW) was found in M. leavigata. The Morus fruits were a good source of the nutrients, minerals, and phyotchemicals along with superior antioxidant potential. Health risk assessment showed no significant non-carcinogenic or carcinogenic health risk associated with the consumption of these fruits. 相似文献
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Hilal Yildiz Sezai Ercisli Memnune Sengul Elif Feyza Topdas Omer Beyhan Ozlem Cakir Haluk Kemal Narmanlioglu Emine Orhan 《Erwerbs-Obstbau》2014,56(4):123-129
Increasing consumer demands for indigenous, non-sprayed with pesticides and less-known or “forgotten” fruits necessitate knowledge on their breeding, cultivation, biochemical content, harvesting and marketing. Anatolia is rich for wild edible fruit species and barberry is abundant throughout Anatolia. The aim of this study was to determine some important physicochemical characteristics, bioactive content and antioxidant capacity of fruits from nineteen promising barberry (Berberis vulgaris L.) genotypes grown in the Coruh valley, Northeastern Anatolia. The results indicated genotype-specific differences for most of the physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant capacity and the content of some bioactive compounds. Fruit mass ranged from 0.073 (‘Coruh-7’) to 0.267 g (‘Coruh-11’). Total phenolic content ranged from 2532 (‘Coruh-’) to 3719 mg GAE per liter fruit juice (‘Coruh-11’). The genotype ‘Coruh-12’ had the highest total monomeric anthocyanin content (1004 mg per liter fruit juice) as cyanidin-3-glucoside. The highest total antioxidant capacity was observed in fruits of ‘Coruh-8’ and ‘Coruh-9’ genotypes with all three antioxidant-determining methods. We conclude that the barberry fruits represent a good source of bioactive phytochemicals because of their high phenolic and anthocyanin contents. 相似文献
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Fig has been a typical fruit component of the health-promoting Mediterranean diet for a very long time. Phytochemical characters and antioxidant capacity of green-, yellow-, brown-, purple-, and black-fruited fig (Ficus carica L.) accessions were investigated. In this study, total phenolics (TP), total anthocyanins (TA), fructose (FRUC), glucose (GLUC), sucrose (SUC), and variables (such as L*, a*, C*, and hue°) describing fruit skin colors were examined. Also, the antioxidant capacity (TAC) of fig fruits was determined by the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Antioxidant capacity was significantly correlated with the polyphenol and anthocyanin (r = 0.74 and 0.63, respectively) contents of fruits. Black fig accessions had the highest TAC (range of 7.9–16.1, mean 12.4 Fe2+ mmol/kg FW), TA (range of 32.3–356.0, mean 128.4 μg cy-3-rutinoside/g FW), and TP content (range of 69.1–220.0, mean 118.9 mg GAE/100 g FW). These black-fruited accessions had 2-fold greater TAC, 15-fold greater TA, and 2.5-fold greater TP than green and yellow fig accessions. However, the FRUC, GLUC, and SUC content of brown and purple fig accessions were higher than those of other color groups. The predominant sugars present were fructose (∼56%) and glucose (∼43%), as determined by HPLC. 相似文献
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Xiaowei Ma Hongxia WuLiqin Liu Quansheng YaoSongbiao Wang Rulin ZhanShanshan Xing Yigang Zhou 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011
Fruit of eight mango genotypes were evaluated for antioxidant potential by several biochemical assays (DPPH, ABTS, ORAC, FRAP, SASR and MCC) and tested for their polyphenol composition and vitamin C contents. The significance analysis demonstrated that the antioxidant capacity of Tainong 1 fruits were significantly higher than that of other genotypes, which was about 2.1–6.3-fold higher than Guifei assayed in ABTS, DPPH, ORAC and FRAP methods. The total polyphenols and flavonoids contents showed a great variety amongst mango genotypes and highly correlation with the total antioxidant capacity. It is concluded that significant genotypic difference exists in the total antioxidant capacity of mango fruits. Both total polyphenols and flavonoids are major contributors to the total antioxidant capacity in mango fruit. 相似文献
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In this study, phytochemical and antioxidant properties of anthocyanin-rich mulberry species of Morus nigra L. (black mulberry) and Morus rubra L. (red mulberry) fruits harvested from across Turkey were investigated. Fruit color, total phenolics (TP), total monomeric anthocyanin (TMA), titratable acidity (TA), and individual sugar and organic acid compositions were determined. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of fruits was assessed by both the trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Black mulberry exhibited higher TP, TMA, TAC and TA when compared to red mulberry. The average TP contents of M. nigra and M. rubra were 2737 and 1603 μg gallic acid equivalent in g fresh weight basis (GAE/g fw), respectively. M. nigra had the richest amount of anthocyanin with an average of 571 μg cy-3-glu/g fw. Overall, TAC averaged 10.5 and 12.0 mmol TE/L by the TEAC and FRAP methods, respectively. We found that FRAP, TEAC, TP and TMA were significantly correlated (r = 0.64–0.99) with each other. Fructose (5.27 g/100 mL) and glucose (5.81 g/100 mL) were determined to be the major sugars in both mulberries. M. nigra displayed a higher TA (2.05 g/100 mL) than M. rubra (0.78 g/100 mL), with citric acid as the major acid. 相似文献
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基于果肉单体酚和总酚含量评价桃果实抗氧化能力 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为利用果实酚类物质组分含量评价桃果实的抗氧化能力,以12个红肉桃、7个白肉桃和4个黄肉桃品种成熟期果实为试材,分析果肉单体酚和总酚含量的差异。结果表明,红肉桃各品种具有较高的表儿茶素和总酚含量。在对各指标进行相关性分析的基础上进行主成分分析,将8个酚含量指标概括成4个独立的综合指标（即主成分）,通过隶属函数分析求得各综合指标的隶属函数值,结合权重计算综合评价值并对各品种果肉抗氧化能力进行综合排序,发现红肉桃中的‘北京一线红’综合评价值最高,同时红肉类型排序靠前,多数白肉、黄肉类型排序靠后,与聚类分析结果较一致。试验结果表明桃果实抗氧化能力与肉色密切相关,利用主成分分析法、隶属函数法、聚类分析法结合单体酚、总酚含量可综合评价不同肉色桃果实的抗氧化能力。对桃果实抗氧化能力的贡献排序依次为新绿原酸、总酚、表儿茶素、阿魏酸、绿原酸、芦丁、儿茶素、槲皮素。 相似文献
18.
Astringent and non-astringent persimmon fruits were compared for phenolic compounds, and their antioxidant capacity was studied in both peel and pulp. Fruits that were astringent generally had significantly higher concentrations of phenolics and greater capacities in either tissue. Pulp from astringent persimmons had more phenolics and higher capacity whereas the same was true for peels from non-astringent fruits. Among the methods tested for determining antioxidant capacity (ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, TBARS, SRSA, and HRSA), ABTS showed the best correlation with phenolics concentration while HRSA assays were not sufficiently sensitive to distinguish among genotypes or between fruit tissues. Therefore, we suggest that, for monitoring antioxidant capacity in persimmon, the ABTS method is most suitable. 相似文献
19.
【目的】为了探明土壤覆盖对越橘果实抗氧化成分含量和抗氧化能力的影响,【方法】以南高丛越橘品种‘奥尼尔’(O'Neal)和兔眼越橘品种‘杰兔’(Premier)为试材,设置透湿性反光膜、秸秆和对照3种处理,测定越橘整个发育期间果实花青苷、总酚、类黄酮的含量和抗氧化活性变化。【结果】结果表明,透湿性反光膜覆盖处理可显著提高果实花色苷含量,其中‘奥尼尔’品种果实总花色苷含量分别高于对照和秸秆覆盖处理20%和9%,‘杰兔’品种总花色苷含量分别高于对照和秸秆覆盖处理29%和19.6%。‘杰兔’果实的总酚和类黄酮含量均高于‘奥尼尔’,而透湿性反光膜和秸秆覆盖处理的2个品种的总酚和类黄酮含量均高于对照。果实抗氧化能力检测采用TEAC、FRAP和DPPH3种方法,其测定结果一致。透湿性反光膜覆盖处理的果实抗氧化能力最强,秸秆处理的果实抗氧化能力大于对照,其中透湿性反光膜处理的‘奥尼尔’果实DPPH值高于对照3%,而秸秆处理略高于对照;‘杰兔’果实全蓝时,透湿性反光膜、秸秆处理的DPPH值、TEAC值都高于对照,而FRAP值分别高于对照21%和12%。【结论】土壤覆盖可有效提高越橘果实抗氧化活性成分含量和抗氧化能力。 相似文献
20.
Various antioxidant assays are used to characterize fruits consumed fresh or processed although an easy, reliable and cheap assay is not available to follow the changes in antioxidant power. This study tested the applicability of a recently developed antioxidant measuring system, Water-soluble (ACW) and Lipid-soluble (ACL) Antioxidant Capacity, using the PHOTOCHEM® instrument. Initially, 13 cultivars of 4 berry species were assayed with Photochem and compared with widely used methods based on single electron transfer reactions like ferric reducing ability of plasma, total polyphenolic content (TPC) and 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging capacity. Assays based on hydrogen atom transfer reactions were also carried out including total radical-scavenger capacity (TRSC). The correlations among the results were all significant at P ≤ 0.05, except the one between TPC and ACW. The overall antioxidant capacity ranked on the order of strawberry < red currant < raspberry < black currant. However, significant differences could have been detected among genotypes and antioxidants assays used for the analysis. The Photochem instrument is not suitable for easy, cheap and high-throughput routine analysis of berry antioxidant capacity and hence is not preferable to other assays. 相似文献