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1.
The effect of karaya saponin supplementation on the serum and egg yolk cholesterol and fatty acid composition in egg yolk were investigated in Japanese quails. A total of 80 Japanese quails aged 5 weeks were equally divided into four groups of 20. Four levels (0, 25, 50 and 75 mg/kg feed) of karaya saponin were included in the basal diet and experiment was lasted for 6 weeks. The cholesterol fractions in the egg yolk and serum were measured by enzymatic assay, and the fatty acid composition in egg yolk was determined by gas chromatography. The results revealed that the supplementation of 75 mg/kg karaya saponin significantly reduced (p < 0.05) cholesterol and triglycerides concentration in serum and egg yolk. High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol was increased, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and the atherogenic index were decreased (p < 0.05) by the dietary supplementations. Hepatic cholesterol was reduced (p < 0.05) by the 25 mg/kg karaya saponin. A higher degree of yolk colour was improved (p < 0.05) when 75 mg/kg saponin was supplemented in the diet. The concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in egg yolk was increased (p < 0.05) in a dose-dependent manner in quails fed the supplemented diet than the control diet. The ratio of PUFA to saturated fatty acids in egg yolk was improved (p < 0.05) by 75 mg/kg feed karaya saponin-supplemented diet. Therefore, the dietary supplementation of 75 mg/kg karaya saponin may be a feasible means of producing quail eggs with lower cholesterol and higher PUFA content for health conscious consumers. 相似文献
2.
An experiment using 264 crossbred barrows was conducted to examine the interaction between space allocation and dietary ractopamine addition on pig performance and carcass characteristics using a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Treatments were 0.55 (19 pigs per pen) or 0.74 (14 pigs per pen) m2/pig from start (29.7 +/- 0.1 kg BW) to slaughter (108 kg BW) in a fully slatted facility and 0 or 10 ppm (as-fed basis) ractopamine for 28 d before slaughter. There were few treatment interactions. Pigs given 0.55 m2/pig had a lower ADG (P = 0.010), ADFI (P = 0.088), 10th-rib backfat depth on d 86 (P = 0.010), and carcass loin muscle depth (P = 0.011) than pigs given 0.74 m2/pig. There was no difference in feed conversion (P = 0.210) as a result of space allocation. Pigs fed diets containing 10 ppm ractopamine had decreased (P = 0.004) ADFI and improved (P = 0.001) feed conversion efficiencies for the 28-d feeding period, along with greater loin depth (P = 0.005) and carcass lean percent (P = 0.001). The improvements in 28-d carcass lean growth associated with feeding 10 ppm ractopamine resulted in an improvement in overall daily fat-free lean gain (P = 0.046). Under these experimental conditions, the response to dietary ractopamine was similar for crowded and uncrowded pigs. 相似文献
3.
本试验旨在研究饲粮中玉米脱水酒精糟及其可溶物（ＤＤＧＳ）和维生素 Ｅ（ＶＥ）水平对肥育猪生长性能、胴体和肉品质的影响。采用 ３×２两因子完全随机试验设计,设 ３个玉米ＤＤＧＳ水平（０、１５％、３０％）和 ２个维生素 Ｅ水平（１０、２１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）。选取平均体重为（６０±２）ｋｇ的“杜 ×长 ×大”三元杂交肥育猪 ４８头（公母各占 １／２）,按性别、体重随机分为 ６个组,每个组 ８个重复,每个重复 １头猪。试验期为 ４２ｄ。结果表明：１）玉米 ＤＤＧＳ水平对肥育猪平均日增重和料重比无显著影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）,对平均日采食量影响极显著（Ｐ＝０．００６）,维生素 Ｅ水平及玉米 ＤＤＧＳ和维生素 Ｅ的互作对生长性能无显著影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）;２）玉米 ＤＤＧＳ和维生素Ｅ水平及其互作对胴体重、屠宰率、胴体斜长、背膘厚度、板油率和眼肌面积等胴体品质评定指标影响均不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）,胴体脂肪碘值随饲粮中玉米 ＤＤＧＳ水平的提高而极显著升高（Ｐ＝０．００１）;３）玉米 ＤＤＧＳ水平对肌肉 ｐＨ、肉色、剪切力、滴水损失和大理石评分影响均不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）,饲粮中添加 ２１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ维生素 Ｅ可显著降低肌肉剪切力和滴水损失（Ｐ＜０．０５）。可见,在肥育猪基础饲粮中添加 １５％ ～３０％玉米 ＤＤＧＳ和 ２１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ维生素 Ｅ对其生长性能、胴体和肉品质无显著负影响。 相似文献
4.
Kraatz M Taras D Männer K Simon O 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2006,90(9-10):361-368
Two 6-week feeding trials were conducted on a total of 112 newly weaned piglets to examine the recently reported growth promoting effects of dietary rare earth elements (REE) in European pig production. Rare earth element-diets were supplemented with a REE-citrate premix of lanthanum and the light lanthanoides cerium, praseodymium and neodymium at 200 mg/kg for 6 weeks after weaning. Overall for both trials, growth performance of REE-citrate and control fed piglets did not differ significantly (p > 0.05). An early enhancive tendency for REE-citrate in trial 1 (feed conversion ratio, FCR -3%, p = 0.15) proved irreproducible in trial 2. In the late period of trial 1, in-feed addition of REE-citrate significantly impaired piglet performance (FCR + 8%, p = 0.01). A cultivation-independent molecular approach, polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis was further applied to assess REE induced alterations in the predominant faecal microbiota from weaning pigs. Calculation of various ecological characteristics does not indicate (p > 0.05) an often discussed selective effect on local microbial composition of dietary REE. 相似文献
5.
Effects of dietary quillaja saponin and curcumin on the performance and immune status of weaned piglets 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The objective of this study was to determine whether dietary quillaja saponin and curcumin (extract of turmeric) can modify piglet immune status and performance immediately after weaning. Piglets (n = 192) were weaned at 29 +/- 0.1 d and allocated to treatment (six replicates of eight pig per treatment) accounting for weight, litter, and gender, using a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. Factors were diets with or without (as-fed basis) quillaja saponin (750 mg/kg during wk 1, 300 mg/kg during wk 2 to 3) and with or without dietary curcumin (200 mg/kg). Diets were fed ad libitum for 20 d after weaning. Feed intake was measured daily. Piglets were weighed at weaning, d 7, 14, and 20 after weaning. On each of d 6 and 20 after weaning, eight pigs per treatment were sacrificed for blood and tissue collection. Treatment had no effect on piglet growth. The ADFI and G:F were similar for all treatments between d 0 and 14 of the trial. Between d 15 and 20, ADFI and G:F were lower in quillaja-supplemented piglets (ADFI = 621 vs. 572 g/d; G:F = 0.75 vs. 0.85; P < 0.05). Serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgA, interferon-gamma, and C-reactive protein (CRP) did not differ among treatments on d 6 after weaning. On d 20, IgG and CRP were greater (P < 0.05) in saponin-supplemented pigs (IgG = 17.5 vs. 11.4 mg/mL; CRP = 26.98 vs. 12.5 mg/mL). Small intestine villus and crypt measurements did not differ among treatments on either d 6 or 20. Saponin supplementation during the postweaning period seemed to potentiate an immune response in the weaned piglet but had a detrimental effect on the utilization of feed. Dietary curcumin had no influence on any measured aspect of pig performance or immune status. 相似文献
6.
An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of including cottonseed cake in rations for weaned growing pigs. Thirty-two Landrace x Large White pigs, weighing 20-24 kg, were included in four blocks formed on the basis of initial weight within sex in an otherwise completely randomized block design. The pigs were killed when they reached a live weight of 75.0 +/- 2.0 kg and the half carcases were analysed into cuts and the weights of the organs were recorded. An estimate of the productivity of the pigs on each diet was calculated. Cottonseed cake reduced the voluntary feed intake (p < 0.001) and live weight gains p < 0.001) and increased the heart, kidney and liver weights (p < 0.01). The pigs on the soya bean-based control diet took the shortest time to reach slaughter weight. The result was probably in part due to lysine deficiency and in part to the effect of free gossypol. It was found that it is at present cost-effective to include cottonseed cake in pig weaner-grower diets up to 300 g/kg in Cameroon. 相似文献
7.
8.
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary energy density and weaning environment on pig performance. Treatment diets were formulated to vary in DE concentration by changing the relative proportions of low (barley) and high (wheat, oat groats, and canola oil) energy ingredients. In Exp. 1, 84 pigs in each of 3 replications, providing a total of 252 pigs, were weaned at 17 x 2 d of age and randomly assigned to either an on-site or an off-site nursery and to 1 of 3 dietary DE concentrations (3.35, 3.50, or 3.65 Mcal/kg). Each site consisted of a nursery containing 6 pens; 3 pens housed 7 barrows and 3 housed 7 gilts. All pigs received nontreatment diets in phase I (17 to 19 d of age) and phase II (20 to 25 d of age), respectively. Dietary treatments were fed from 25 to 56 d of age. Off-site pigs were heavier at 56 d of age (23.4 vs. 21.3 kg; P < 0.05) and had greater ADFI (0.77 vs. 0.69 kg/d; P < 0.01) than on-site pigs. There was a linear decrease in ADG (P < 0.01) and ADFI (P < 0.001) with increasing DE concentration. Efficiency of gain improved (P < 0.01) with increasing DE concentration. There was no interaction between weaning site and diet DE concentration, indicating that on-site and off-site pigs responded similarly to changes in diet DE concentration. In Exp. 2, nutrient digestibility of the treatment diets used in Exp. 1 was determined using 36 pigs with either ad libitum or feed intake restricted to 5.5% of BW. Energy and N digestibility increased (P < 0.001) with increasing DE concentration. Nitrogen retention and daily DE intake increased with DE concentration in pigs fed the restricted amount of feed (P < 0.05). These results indicate that weaning off-site improves pig weight gain. The weanling pig was able to compensate for reduced dietary DE concentration through increased feed intake. Growth limitation in the weanling pig may not be overcome simply by increasing dietary DE concentration. 相似文献
9.
中草药白头翁对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
试验选用120头平均体重为(7.64±0.13) kg的杜×长×大三元杂交断奶仔猪,采用单因素试验设计。研究饲料中添加中草药白头翁散剂(150、300 mg/kg)和白头翁皂苷(12.5、25 mg/kg),对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响,且寻求最佳添加量。试验共分6个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复5头猪。试验期共为28 d,分为前期(1~14 d)和后期(15~28 d)2个阶段。试验结果表明,日粮中添加中草药白头翁散剂和白头翁皂苷对断奶仔猪的日增重、料重比、平均采食量及腹泻率均有显著影响(P<0.05)。 相似文献
10.
Influence of dietary protein level, amino acid supplementation, and dietary energy levels on growing-finishing pig performance and carcass composition 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of feeding reduced-CP, AA-supplemented diets at two ambient temperatures (Exp. 1) or three levels of dietary NE (Exp. 2) on pig performance and carcass composition. In Exp. 1, 240 mixed-sex pigs were used to test whether projected differences in heat increment associated with diet composition affect pig performance. There were 10 replications of each treatment with four pigs per pen. For the 28-d trial, average initial and final BW were 28.7 kg and 47.5 kg, respectively. Pigs were maintained in a thermoneutral (23 degrees C) or heat-stressed (33 degrees C) environment and fed a 16% CP diet, a 12% CP diet, or a 12% CP diet supplemented with crystalline Lys, Trp, and Thr (on an as-fed basis). Pigs gained at similar rates when fed the 16% CP diet or the 12% CP diet supplemented with Lys, Trp, and Thr (P > 0.10). Pigs fed the 12% CP, AA-supplemented diet had a gain:feed similar to pigs fed the 16% CP diet when housed in the 23 degrees C environment but had a lower gain:feed in the 33 degrees C environment (diet x temperature, P < 0.01). In Exp. 2, 702 gilts were allotted to six treatments with nine replicates per treatment. Average initial and final BW were 25.3 and 109.7 kg, respectively. Gilts were fed two levels of CP (high CP with minimal crystalline AA supplementation or low CP with supplementation of Lys, Trp, Thr, and Met) and three levels of NE (high, medium, or low) in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement. A four-phase feeding program was used, with diets containing apparent digestible Lys levels of 0.96, 0.75, 0.60, and 0.48% switched at a pig BW of 41.0, 58.8, and 82.3 kg, respectively. Pigs fed the low-CP, AA-supplemented diets had rates of growth and feed intake similar to pigs fed the high-CP diets. Dietary NE interacted with CP level for gain:feed (P < 0.06). A decrease in dietary NE from the highest NE level decreased gain:feed in pigs fed the high-CP diet; however, gain:feed declined in pigs fed the low-CP, AA-supplemented diet only when dietary NE was decreased to the lowest level. There was a slight reduction in longissimus area in pigs fed the low-CP diets (P < 0.08), but other estimates of carcass muscle did not differ (P > 0.10). These data suggest that pigs fed low-CP, AA-supplemented diets have performance and carcass characteristics similar to pigs fed higher levels of CP and that alterations in dietary NE do not have a discernible effect on pig performance or carcass composition. 相似文献
11.
Qingqing Deng Yancan Wang Xin Wang Qiye Wang Zhenfeng Yi Jun Xia Yuyao Hu Yiming Zhang Jingjing Wang Lei Wang Shuzhong Jiang Rong Li Dan Wan Huansheng Yang Yulong Yin 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(1)
This study investigated the different addition levels of iron (Fe) in growing-finishing pigs and the effect of different Fe levels on growth performance, hematological status, intestinal barrier function, and intestinal digestion. A total of 1,200 barrows and gilts ([Large White × Landrace] × Duroc) with average initial body weight (BW; 27.74 ± 0.28 kg) were housed in 40 pens of 30 pigs per pen (gilts and barrows in half), blocked by BW and gender, and fed five experimental diets (eight replicate pens per diet). The five experimental diets were control diet (basal diet with no FeSO4 supplementation), and the basal diet being supplemented with 150, 300, 450, or 600 mg/kg Fe as FeSO4 diets. The trial lasted for 100 d and was divided into the growing phase (27 to 60 kg of BW) for the first 50 d and the finishing phase (61 to 100 kg of BW) for the last 50 d. The basal diet was formulated with an Fe-free trace mineral premix and contained 203.36 mg/kg total dietary Fe in the growing phase and 216.71 mg/kg in the finishing phase based on ingredient contributions. And at the end of the experiment, eight pigs (four barrows and four gilts) were randomly selected from each treatment (selected one pig per pen) for digesta, blood, and intestinal samples collection. The results showed that the average daily feed intake (P = 0.025), average daily gain (P = 0.020), and BW (P = 0.019) increased linearly in the finishing phase of pigs fed with the diets containing Fe. On the other hand, supplementation with different Fe levels in the diet significantly increased serum iron and transferrin saturation concentrations (P < 0.05), goblet cell numbers of duodenal villous (P < 0.001), and MUC4 mRNA expression (P < 0.05). The apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of amino acids (AA) for pigs in the 450 and 600 mg/kg Fe groups was greater (P < 0.05) than for pigs in the control group. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 450 to 600 mg/kg Fe improved the growth performance of pigs by changing hematological status and by enhancing intestinal goblet cell differentiation and AID of AA. 相似文献
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13.
微生态制剂对猪舍氨气去除效果评价及对猪生长性能影响的研究 《畜牧与饲料科学》2019,40(12):58-60
旨在探讨微生态制剂对猪舍氨气的去除效果及其对猪生长性能的影响。在选取1栋猪舍(NO.1)开展验证试验的基础上,另选用1栋猪舍(NO.2)的育肥猪作为试验组,猪只基础日粮中添加5‰的益唯康和2.5%的瑞尔康,同时,采用喷洒和泼洒的方式,利用瑞尔加喷洒液对猪只体表和猪舍内各区域进行除臭,试验周期60 d;对照组猪舍(NO.3)中的育肥猪饲喂基础日粮,猪粪及猪舍内区域不用除臭剂进行处理,试验周期60 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验第3天试验组猪舍的氨气浓度降至5.6 mg/kg,去除率达到70.05%;试验期间试验组猪只的平均日增重提高了23.79%,日耗料量增加了4.45%,存活率高于对照组2个百分点,但料肉比降低了15.83%。综上提示,饲喂和喷洒微生态制剂能够有效去除猪舍氨气,并能提高猪的生长性能。 相似文献
14.
Indrajit Bera Praveen K. Tyagi Nasir Akbar Mir Jubeda Begum Kapil Dev Pramod K. Tyagi Avishek Biswas Divya Sharma Asit Baran Mandal 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2019,103(6):1800-1809
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary soapnut (Sapindus mukorossi) shell powder (SSP), a cheap source of saponins, on growth performance, immunity, serum biochemistry and gut health of broiler chickens. The experimental design was 4×2, employing four saponin levels (0, 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg diet), each provided for two time durations (0–42 day and 21–42 day) resulting into eight dietary treatments. Results revealed no significant effect of dietary saponins on body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio of birds. The abdominal fat percentage, heterophil to lymphocyte ratio, serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels, faecal total plate count, coliform count and E. coli count decreased (p < .05) progressively with increasing saponin levels and lower values were observed at 150 mg and 200 mg saponin levels. Significant improvement of cell‐mediated and humoral immune response was observed in birds fed 150 mg and 200 mg saponin compared to control. The serum glucose concentration was significantly (p < .05) higher in control group compared to other groups. No significant effects of dietary saponin were observed on carcass characteristics, faecal Lactobacillus count, intestinal histomorphometry and cost economics of broiler chicken production. Thus, dietary saponins at 150 mg/kg diet as SSP for three weeks (21–42 days) was optimum for better immunity and welfare of birds without adverse effects on the growth performance. 相似文献
15.
本试验旨在研究甘氨酸亚铁对断奶仔猪生长性能、铁表观消化率及血清铁相关指标的影响。试验选取12头(28±1)日龄"杜×长×大"断奶仔猪,根据体重、健康状况等均衡分布原则分为2组,每组6个重复,每个重复1头仔猪,单个饲养于消化代谢笼。试验分为2个阶段,第1阶段:2组均饲喂缺铁基础饲粮10 d,使仔猪处于临近贫血状态;第2阶段:对照组在缺铁基础饲粮中额外添加100 mg/kg的硫酸亚铁(以铁计),试验组额外添加100 mg/kg的甘氨酸亚铁(以铁计),试验期10 d。结果表明:与添加硫酸亚铁相比,饲粮添加甘氨酸亚铁有降低仔猪料重比的趋势(P0.10),降低了4.57%,但对仔猪的平均日增重、平均日采食量无显著影响(P0.10);饲粮添加甘氨酸亚铁能显著降低粪中的铁排出量和铁排出总量(P0.05),分别降低了23.11%和22.09%;饲粮添加甘氨酸亚铁能极显著提高铁表观消化率和表观代谢率(P0.01),分别提高了13.34%和22.42%;同时,饲粮添加甘氨酸亚铁能显著提高血清中的铁饱和度和血液中的铁含量(P0.05)。综上,甘氨酸亚铁可提高断奶仔猪的生长性能,提高血液铁含量,改善仔猪铁代谢状况,降低粪便铁排出量,是一种绿色高效的新型补铁剂。 相似文献
16.
This study was conducted to determine the effects of vitamin E (dL-alpha-Tocopheryl acetate) and selenium (Se; Na2-SeO3) on performance, digestibility of nutrients and carcass characteristics of Japanese quails reared under chronic heat stress (34 degrees C). A total of 120 10-day-old Japanese quails were randomly assigned to four treatment groups, three replicates of 10 birds each. The birds with a 2 x 2 factorial design received either two levels of vitamin E (125 and 250 mg/kg of diet) or two levels of Se (0.1 or 0.2 mg/kg of diet). A 250-mg vitamin E/kg of diet compared with that of 125 mg/kg of diet and higher dietary Se inclusions (0.1 vs. 0.2 mg/kg) resulted in a better performance (p=0.001). The interaction between vitamin E and Se for feed intake (p=0.03), final body weight change (p=0.03) and feed efficiency (p=0.001) was detected. Carcass yield increased with increasing both dietary vitamin E and Se (p=0.001). The interactions on carcass characteristics were all non-significant (p > 0.06). Digestibility of nutrients (DM, OM, CP and ether extract) was higher with higher dietary vitamin E (p=0.03), and DM digestibility was also higher with higher dietary Se (p=0.05). There were no interactions detected for digestibility of nutrients (p=0.28). From the results of the present study, it was concluded that a combination of 250 mg of vitamin E and 0.2 mg of Se provides the greatest performance in Japanese quails reared under heat stress and this combination can be considered as a protective management practice in Japanese quail diets, reducing the negative effects of heat stress. 相似文献
17.
1. The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of dietary karaya saponin on cholesterol deposition in laying hens. 2. A total of 40 Boris Brown hens were randomly assigned at 20 weeks of age to 4 treatment groups and fed on diets supplemented with 0 (control), 25, 50 or 75 mg/kg karaya saponin for an 8-week experimental period. 3. After 8 weeks of dietary supplementation, karaya-saponin-treated groups had significantly lower serum cholesterol (23·0%) and triglycerides but increased high density lipoproteins cholesterol concentration than controls, irrespective of karaya saponin content in the diet. Egg yolk cholesterol and triglycerides were also significantly reduced by dietary karaya saponin. Hepatic cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly reduced by karaya saponin but bile acids concentration in the faeces and liver were significantly increased by karaya saponin. The concentrations of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids in the yolk were greater in hens receiving karaya saponin than in controls. Karaya saponin significantly increased egg production, feed efficiency and yolk colour compared with controls. Karaya saponin tended to increase egg weight, feed consumption, Haugh units, albumen weight and yolk index. 4. In conclusion, karaya saponin is a potential agent for reducing yolk cholesterol concentration together with an overall increase of production performance and improvement in egg quality. 相似文献
18.
A total of 108 crossbred piglets (7.75 +/- 0.24 kg of BW) weaned at 28 d was used to study the interactive effects of beta-glucan obtained from the Chinese herb Astragalus membranaceus (AM) and Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge on performance, immunological, adrenal, and somatotropic responses of weaned pigs. The treatments were in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement; main effects were level of Astragalus membranaceus glucan (AMG; 0, 500, or 1,000 mg/kg; as-fed basis) and presence of immunological challenge (with or without LPS). The experiment included six replicate pens per treatment and three pigs per pen. Lipopolysaccharide challenges were conducted on d 7 and 21 of the trial. Blood samples were obtained from the vena cava from one pig per pen at 3 h after LPS challenge to determine plasma responses. Weight gain and feed:gain ratio were unaffected by glucan. However, there was a quadratic effect on feed intake (P < 0.05): pigs fed 500 mg of glucan/kg had the highest feed intake. Immunological challenge with LPS decreased weight gain (P = 0.02). An interaction (P = 0.01 to 0.09) between AMG and LPS was observed for glucose, IL-1beta, PGE2, and cortisol. Astragalus membranaceus glucan had a quadratic effect on the plasma concentrations of glucose, IL-1beta, PGE2, and cortisol (P < 0.05) after both LPS challenges. Plasma concentrations of glucose, IL-1beta, PGE2, and cortisol (P < 0.05) were all increased in LPS-challenged pigs compared with the control pigs after both LPS challenges. The IGF-I concentrations were less for LPS-challenged pigs than for unchallenged pigs. The lymphocyte proliferation response of peripheral blood induced by 5 microg of concanavalin A/mL (P < 0.01) and IL-2 bioactivity (P < 0.05) increased linearly with increasing addition of glucan. Pigs challenged with LPS had greater T-lymphocyte proliferation (P = 0.06) and IL-2 bioactivity (P = 0.07) than unchallenged pigs after the first immunological challenge but not after the second. In conclusion, although glucan did not improve pig performance under the conditions of the present experiment, when included at 500 mg/kg, it decreased the release of inflammatory cytokine and corticosteroid and improved the lymphocyte proliferation response of weanling piglets via enhanced IL-2 bioactivity. 相似文献
19.
高铜对生长猪生长性能、血清激素水平及酶活性的影响 总被引：16，自引：5，他引：16
军牧 1号生长猪 6 0头 ,体重 (19.2 6± 1.2 0 ) kg,随机分成 6组 ,公母各半。使用硫酸铜作为铜源 ,试验各组日粮铜添加质量浓度分别为 10 0、15 0、2 0 0、2 5 0、30 0 mg/kg,对照组不添加。试验期 10 0 d。测定生长性能及有关血液生化指标。结果 :(1)在日粮中添加不同水平的铜 (≥ 15 0 mg/kg和≤ 30 0 m g/kg) ,可明显提高平均日增重 (ADG) ,降低料重比 (F/G) ,但增重效应有明显的阶段性差异。前期 (0～ 6 0 d)效果优于后期 (6 0～ 10 0 d)。在整个试验期 ,试验组与对照组相比 ,ADG平均提高 9.9% ,增幅在 5 %～ 14 % ,其中以添加 2 0 0、2 5 0 mg/kg组最佳 ,分别达 72 0 .7g/d(P<0 .0 1)和72 5 .8g/d(P<0 .0 1) ;试验组 F/G平均降低 5 .4 % ,降幅为 3%～ 8.1% ,其中以添加 2 0 0、2 5 0 mg/kg组最低 ,分别为3.0 8(P<0 .0 1)和 3.0 6 (P<0 .0 1)。 (2 )试验组血清铜蓝蛋白 (CP)和铜锌超氧化物歧化酶 (Cu Zn- SOD)活性均有明显的增加。 (3)试验组血清生长激素、胰岛素和甲状腺素水平均有明显提高。结果表明 ,15 0～ 30 0 m g/kg铜添加量对 2 0～ 6 0 kg生长猪具有明显促生长作用 ,其中以 2 0 0、2 5 0 mg/kg铜添加量效果最佳 ;日粮铜水平对血清相关激素水平和酶活性的影响 ,随铜添加量的不同而呈现明显 相似文献
20.
Effects of aflatoxin on the growth performance and immune responses of weanling swine 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
V S Panangala J J Giambrone U L Diener N D Davis F J Hoerr A Mitra R D Schultz G R Wilt 《American journal of veterinary research》1986,47(9):2062-2067
Aflatoxin (AF)-contaminated ground corn was mixed with a commercial swine ration to yield 2 concentrations (500 mg of AFB1/kg of feed [A] and 300 mg of AFB1/kg [B]) and was fed to 2 groups of pigs. Groups A and B were fed the AF-containing ration, whereas control group C was fed the same commercial ration mixed with ground corn devoid of AF. A comparative analysis of the average weight gain per pig in each of the treatment groups, compared with that in the control group, indicated a significantly (P less than 0.01) greater weight gain in the control group. The average feed conversion rate was also significantly (P less than 0.01) lower in group A pigs, compared with that in the control group. The humoral immune response to Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, did not reveal a significant difference among groups; there were no consistent differences observed in the proliferative responses of lymphocytes to mitogens. In contrast, a significant (P less than 0.05) reduction in complement titers was observed, whereas an increase in serum immunoglobulin G and M values occurred in the AF-treated group A, compared with that in group C. Gross enlargement of the liver, substantiated by histologic evidence of toxic damage to the hepatic parenchyma, revealed that AF at concentrations of 500 mg/kg of feed was toxigenic and produced an adverse effect on the growth rate, feed efficiency, and general well-being of young pigs. 相似文献