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为了解贵州省近几年H7亚型禽流感病毒感染情况,分别采集鸡血清3 031份、卵黄962份、咽-肛拭子1 607份、环境土壤拭子394份及野鸟粪便122份样本共计6 116份,采用血凝抑制试验(HI)和实时荧光定量RT-PCR方法进行H7亚型禽流感病毒特异性抗体和核酸检测。结果显示,在鸡血清和卵黄样本中,H7亚型禽流感表达特异性抗体的阳性率分别为1.2%(37/3 031)和2.3%(22/962);在2 123份鸡咽-肛拭子、环境样本和野鸟粪便中,均未检测出H7亚型禽流感病毒核酸。这些结果表明贵州省家禽、野鸟和环境土壤中尚未发现H7亚型禽流感病毒感染。 相似文献
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为调查深圳野生鸟类的禽流感感染情况,于2014年1月~2015年4月采集了678只野鸟的569份粪便,62份肛门拭子,26份咽肛拭子和21份血样.采用病原分离鉴定法、AIV-Ag(通用型)抗原速测卡胶体金法、荧光RT-PCR试验对样品拭子进行病原学检测.采用血凝抑制实验(HI)对血清样品进行H5N1(Re-4)、H5N1(Re-6)、H5N1(Re-7)、H7、H9等5种血清型AIV抗体检测.结果显示:26份咽肛拭子分离出1株H9N2亚型禽流感病毒,阳性率为3.85%;粪便和拭子样品的抗原检测全部阴性;血清样品中H5(Re-4)阳性数1份,阳性率为9.09%;H9阳性数7份,阳性率为63.64%;未检出H5(Re-6)、H5(Re-7)及H7阳性抗体. 相似文献
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为了更好地了解2022年湘阴县家禽中禽流感抗体水平和活禽批发市场禽流感病毒污染情况，通过春、秋两季免疫效果评估以及每个季度对两个活禽交易市场进行禽流感病毒专项监测，运用血凝抑制试验与实时荧光定量PCR的方法对血清及拭子样本进行禽流感病毒检测。结果显示：1200份禽血清中H5亚型AIV抗体整体合格率达到76.5%,H7亚型AIV抗体整体合格率达到78.8%;320份禽拭子和64份环境拭子中，H5亚型AIV阳性7份，阳性率1.8%,H7亚型AIV阳性数8份，阳性率2.0%。结果表明，家禽交易市场长期处于禽流感病毒污染状态。建议加强活禽市场管理，严格落实“1110”制度，确保禽类及产品的安全性和质量，降低禽流感病毒的传播速度和缩小传播范围。 相似文献
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野生鸟类禽流感病毒感染情况的调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解野生鸟类禽流感病毒(AIV)的携带感染情况,2006年～2010年,本研究在湖南省主要候鸟迁徙地收集115只野鸟组织或拭子样品、75份野鸟的新鲜粪便样品和72份血清样品。组织或拭子样品采用RT-PCR方法检测和鸡胚接种病毒分离鉴定,血清样品分别进行H5(含Re-5和Re-4)、H6、H7、H9、H10和H11抗体检测。结果表明,从斑鸠和绿头鸭组织中分别分离到H5N1亚型和H3N2亚型AIV;72份血清中有17份抗体为阳性,其中H5(Re-5)亚型5份、H5(Re-4)亚型1份、H6亚型1份、H7亚型2份和H9亚型8份,阳性率分别为6.94%、1.39%、1.39%、2.78%和11.11%。H10和H11亚型未检测到抗体阳性。 相似文献
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威宁草海迁徙候鸟及周边地区家禽禽流感监测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为正确评估野生鸟类在禽流感流行病学中的作用,从2008年3月至2009年12月采集威宁草海野鸟粪便985份,死鸟脑组织30份及草海周边与野鸟有接触的家禽咽泄棉拭子349份,利用RT-PCR方法分别进行H5和H9亚型禽流感病毒核酸检测,结果均为阴性;同时对草海周边相邻5个县(市、区)不同区域家禽高致病性禽流感H5N1免疫状况利用HI试验进行监测,结果显示,规模养殖家禽免疫抗体平均合格率为81.05%,散养家禽免疫抗体平均合格率为54.41%,集贸市场商品家禽免疫抗体平均合格率为50.83%。 相似文献
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为了解冬季新疆乌鲁木齐市活禽市场交易禽类及市场外环境中禽流感病毒污染情况及其流行规律,对某交易市场内的鸡、鸭、鹅、鸽等活禽,采集85份活禽全血样本和143份棉拭子样本(103份活禽泄殖腔/咽喉棉拭子、40份环境棉拭子),分别采用血清学和实时荧光定量(rRT-PCR)方法,检测禽流感免疫抗体和禽流感病毒核酸,并对核酸阳性样品进行病毒亚型确定。结果显示:85份全血样本中,H5(Re-11)株免疫抗体合格32份,合格率为37.6%;H5(Re-12)株免疫抗体合格34份,合格率为40%;H7(Re-2)株免疫抗体合格46份,合格率为54.2%。143份棉拭子样本中,禽流感病毒核酸阳性36份,阳性率为25.17%。其中:活禽棉拭子阳性29份,阳性率为28.15%;交易区外环境棉拭子阳性7份,阳性率为17.5%。36份禽流感病毒核酸阳性样本中,H5亚型3份,阳性率为8.33%;H9亚型22份,阳性率为61.11%;未定型11份,阳性率为30.56%。结果表明:该市场交易活禽流感病毒感染率较高,且强制免疫的H5、H7亚型禽流感免疫抗体合格率较低,存在疫情发生和散播风险。结果提示,应加强活禽交易市场的消毒与管理,降低禽流感病毒通过活禽交易市场传播的风险。 相似文献
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采集供港澳家禽喉头、泄殖腔拭子进行禽流感病毒监测,建立一步法荧光RT-PCR检测A型和H5、H7、H9亚型及H7N9病毒,所用高通量核酸提取和基因扩增体系可适应活禽出口快速检测通关的要求。2006—2015年共检测约150万份拭子,结果 H5和H7亚型高致病性禽流感全部为阴性,H9亚型等A型流感病毒阳性率约0.035%,冬、春季节检出率较高,H9亚型病毒HA基因与H7N9病毒广东流行毒株具有亲缘关系。供港澳禽流感病毒监测体系快速高效、生物安全性好,结合抗体监测和临床检查,可保证出口家禽处于无禽流感状态。 相似文献
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《畜牧兽医科技信息》2015,(10)
为调查深圳地区救护野鸟中禽流感感染状况,于2015年4月至2015年5月从深圳市野生动物救护中心放养区采集了野鸟肛拭子77份、野鸟血清11份,利用RT-PCR方法对拭子样品进行了AIV抗原检测;利用血凝抑制实验(HI)对血清样品进行H5N1(Re-4)、H5N1(Re-6)、H5N1(Re-7)、H7、H9等5种血清型AIV抗体检测。结果显示:拭子样品的AIV-Ag抗原检测全部阴性;而血清样品中H5(Re-4)阳性数1份,阳性率为1/11;H9阳性数1份,阳性率为1/11;未检出H5(Re-6)、H5(Re-7)及H7阳性抗体。 相似文献
10.
2012~2014年,为了调查鄱阳湖地区家禽及野生候鸟禽流感的流行病学现状,以RT-q PCR试验为检测手段,在鄱阳湖区庐山区、湖口县、星子县等10个县的24个乡镇,共采集样品1 281份。其中,野生候鸟16个品种,样品135份,包括粪拭子102份、组织样本33份;家禽样品1 050份,包括粪拭子684份、喉拭子137份、泄殖腔拭子229份;水样96份。结果表明:共检出禽流感H2亚型病毒核酸阳性3个,H9亚型病毒核酸阳性2个。由此推断:鄱阳湖区家禽及野生候鸟现阶段没有感染高致病性禽流感,但存在低致病性禽流感感染的情况。 相似文献
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【目的】分析云南省家禽及野鸟禽腺病毒4型(Fowl adenovirus-4,FAdV-4)流行情况、Hexon基因差异性及致病性,为研究FAdV-4流行及Hexon基因对病毒毒力的影响提供参考。【方法】2020年1月―2021年6月在云南省昆明市、曲靖市、楚雄州、大理州、红河州、玉溪市等家禽养殖密集区采集疑似感染FAdV-4家禽肝脏组织样品158份,候鸟迁徙地采集野鸟新鲜粪便310份,采用PCR技术检测FAdV-4核酸,对获得的代表性阳性样品进行病原分离鉴定,并对分离毒株进行致病性及Hexon基因序列分析。【结果】家禽肝脏组织样品中检出FAdV-4核酸阳性样品19份,阳性率为12.03%(19/158);黑颈鹤粪便样品中检出核酸阳性样品1份,阳性率为0.3%(1/310)。从FAdV-4核酸阳性样品中分离到7株FAdV-4,致病性研究结果显示,FAdV-4云南分离株均能致鸡胚发育不良,引起4周龄肉鸡发生心包积液-肝炎综合征,鸡胚半数致死量(ELD50)为10―6.17~10―4.32/mL。7株分离株均聚类于FAdV-C亚群,Hexon蛋白与国内FAdV-4高致病性毒株具有相同的188R、193R、195Q特征。分离株感染SPF鸡后,临床症状明显,具有高致病性且高致死率,肝细胞病变明显。【结论】研究初步掌握了云南FAdV-4的流行情况,首次在黑颈鹤粪便中检测到FAdV-4病原核酸,分离获得7株FAdV-4,部分毒株Hexon蛋白存在氨基酸突变。 相似文献
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Siengsanan-Lamont J Robertson I Blacksell SD Ellis T Fenwick S Saengchoowong S Suwanpukdee S Yongyuttawichai P Sariya L Prompiram P Chaichoun K Wiriyarat W Pothieng D Ratanakorn P 《Veterinary microbiology》2011,148(2-4):213-218
A serological and virological surveillance program to investigate the HPAI H5N1 virus in wild bird populations was undertaken from February 2007 to October 2008. The purpose of the survey was to investigate the infection status in free ranging wild birds in Banglane district, Nakhon Pathom province, central Thailand. Samples from wild birds were collected every two months. Choanal and cloacal swabs, serum and tissue samples were collected from 421 birds comprising 44 species. Sero-prevalence of the virus tested by H5N1 serum neutralization test (using a H5N1 virus clade 1; A/chicken/Thailand/vsmu-3-BKK/2004) was 2.1% (8 out of 385 samples; 95% CI 0.7, 3.5). Species that were antibody positive included rock pigeons (Columba livia), Asian pied starling (Gracupica contra), spotted dove (Streptopelia chinensis), oriental magpie robin (Copsychus saularis), blue-tailed bee-eater (Merops philippinus), myna (Acridotheres spp.), and pond heron (Ardeola spp.). Prevalence by H5N1 virus isolation was 0.5% (2 out of 421 samples; 95% CI 0.0, 1.1); the two H5N1 virus-positive samples were from Asian pied starling (Gracupica contra) and white vented myna (Acridotheres grandis). Positive virological samples were collected in June 2007 while all positive serology samples were collected between May and August except for one sample collected in December 2007. No positive samples were collected in 2008. Molecular studies revealed that the wild bird H5N1 viruses were closely related to poultry viruses isolated in other parts of Thailand. However, there was no poultry H5N1 prevalence study performed in the study site during the time of this wild bird survey. Interpretation of source of virus isolates would include spill-over of H5N1 viruses from contaminated sources due to movement of domestic poultry and/or fomites from other areas; or infection of wild birds within the outbreak locations and then translocation by wild bird movement and interaction with wild birds inhabiting distant locations. 相似文献
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为诊断山西省某鸡棚改猪场80~100日龄猪群发生腹泻病的病因。采集40份猪的肛拭子样品,通过实时荧光扩增和细菌分离鉴定的方法,进行实验室诊断。检测结果显示,腹泻样品中轮状病毒（Porcine rotavirus, PoRV）核酸100%为阳性,猪圆环病毒2型（Porcine circovirus type 2, PCV-2）核酸30%为阳性。猪流行性腹泻病毒(Porcine epidemic diarrhea, PED)、猪伪狂犬野毒(Pseudorabies virus, PrV)、猪瘟病毒(Swine fever virus, SFV)核酸检测均为阴性,大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli, E.coli）和沙门氏菌(Salmonella enteriditis, SE)100%呈阳性,仅对万古霉素和头孢曲松同时敏感。 相似文献
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Stanislawek WL Meers J Wilks C Horner GW Morgan C Alexander DJ 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2001,49(1):18-23
AIMS: To determine the presence of avian paramyxovirus (APMV) types 1, 2, and 3 in caged and wild birds, and APMV-2 and -3 in poultry in New Zealand. METHODS: Blood samples collected from caged (231) and wild birds (522) from various regions of New Zealand in 1997-99 were tested by haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test for antibodies to APMV types 1, 2, and 3. Blood samples collected from 1778 commercial poultry in 1996-99 were tested for APMV-2 and APMV-3 antibodies and the samples that reacted with APMV-3 antigen were tested for antibodies to APMV-1. Isolation of APMV was attempted from cloacal swabs collected from 116 of the caged birds and 175 of the wild birds sampled. RESULTS: Antibodies to APMV types 1, 2, and 3 were detected in 4.8, 1.7, and 2.6%, respectively, of caged bird samples. The majority of these caged birds were 'exotic' or 'fancy' poultry breeds. Amongst wild birds, 4.2% had titres to APMV-2 and over half of these were passerine birds; 1.7% of the samples had titres to APMV-1 and 0.8% to APMV-3 antigen. No virus was isolated from any of the cloacal swabs tested. Of the 1778 poultry serum samples tested, only 5 reacted with APMV-3 antigen and these were later found to be cross-reactions to APMV-1. No reactions were detected with APMV-2 antigen. CONCLUSIONS: APMV-1 is present in caged birds, wild birds, and poultry of New Zealand. There is no conclusive evidence of the presence of APMV-2 and APMV-3 in poultry or APMV-3 in wild birds. The results do not provide conclusive evidence for the presence of APMV-2 in wild birds in New Zealand. 相似文献
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Several methods were evaluated for collecting fecal and intestinal samples from wild birds found near broiler chicken houses. A few intestinal samples and cloacal swabs were obtained from European starlings and house sparrows. Most of the samples collected consisted of wild bird droppings found on or near the houses. Samples were collected from each of four farms of a broiler integrator during a grow-out cycle: a cycle in the summer for farm A, fall for farm B, and spring, summer, fall, and winter for farms C and D. Of the 25 wild bird intestinal and fecal samples collected from a broiler house on farm A during a grow-out cycle in July-August 1997, 24% were positive for Salmonella spp., 4% for Campylobacter jejuni, and 28% for Clostridium perfringens. Of the nine fecal samples collected from broiler house B in a grow-out cycle in September-November 1997, 33% were positive for Salmonella spp., 11% for C. jejuni, and 22% for C. perfringens. For farms C and D, of the 23 samples collected in March-April 1998, 0 were positive for Salmonella spp., 11% for C. jejuni, and 52% for C. perfringens; of 27 samples collected in June-July 1998, 4% were positive for Salmonella spp., 0 for C. jejuni, and 13% for C. perfringens; of 24 samples collected in August-October 1998, 14% were positive for Salmonella spp., 5% for C. jejuni, and 4% for C. perfringens; of 14 samples collected December 1998-January 1999, 0 were positive for Salmonella, 50% for C. jejuni, and 14% for C. perfringens. The incidence of these bacterial enteropathogens in wild birds near the broiler chicken houses suggests that wild birds that gain entry to poultry grow-out houses have the potential to transmit these pathogens to poultry. 相似文献
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Ziegler U Seidowski D Angenvoort J Eiden M Müller K Nowotny N Groschup MH 《Zoonoses and public health》2012,59(Z2):95-101
West Nile virus (WNV) is a flavivirus that is maintained in an enzootic cycle between ornithophilic mosquitoes, mainly of the Culex genus, and certain wild bird species. Other bird species like ravens, jays and raptors are highly susceptible to the infection and may develop deadly encephalitis, while further species of birds are only going through subclinical infection. The objective of this study was to continue in years 2009-2011 the serological and molecular surveillance in wild birds in Germany (see Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 10, 639) and to expand these investigations for the first time also to sera from domestic poultry and horses collected between 2005 and 2009. All three cohorts function as indicators for the endemic circulation of WNV. The presence of WNV-specific antibodies was detected in all samples by virus neutralization test (VNT), indirect immunofluorescence test (IFT) and/or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The presence of WNV genomes was monitored in relevant sera using two qRT-PCRs that amplify lineage 1 and 2 strains. A total of 364 migratory and resident wild bird serum samples (with emphasis on Passeriformes and Falconiformes) as well as 1119 serum samples from domestic poultry and 1282 sera from horses were analysed. With the exception of one hooded crow, antibody carriers were exclusively found in migratory birds, but not in resident birds/domestic poultry or in local horses. Crows are facultative, short-distance winter migrants in Germany. WNV-specific nucleic acids could not be demonstrated in any of the samples. According to these data, there is no convincing evidence for indigenous WNV infections in equines and in wild/domestic birds in Germany. However, since a few years, WNV infections are endemic in other European countries such as Austria, Hungary, Greece and Italy, a state-of-the-art surveillance system for the detection of incursions of WNV into Germany deems mandatory. 相似文献
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用酶联免疫吸附试验法对长汀河田鸡原种场、武平象洞鸡原种场、龙岩山麻鸭原种场共686份蛋清样本及801份泄殖腔棉拭子进行禽白血病p27抗原检测。结果为：龙岩山麻鸭的蛋清样本和泄殖腔棉拭子均未检出ALV核酸;鸡蛋清样本阳性率为12.8%（80/626）,明显高于泄殖腔棉拭子阳性率8.9%(66/741);鸡原种场180日龄蛋清样本和泄殖腔棉拭子阳性率均最高,平均阳性率分别为15.0%和11.3%。表明：龙岩市境内地方优良鸡原种场中有禽白血病感染现象。 相似文献
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This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of influenza A viruses in birds and humans residing in the same localities of Sharkia Province, Egypt and the risk factors' assessment in poultry farms. A total of 100 birds comprised of 50 chickens, 25 ducks and 25 wild egrets were sampled. Swab samples were collected from 65 people (50 poultry farm workers and 15 hospitalized patients). All samples were screened for the presence of influenza A viruses using isolation and molecular assays. Avian influenza viruses were only detected in chicken samples (18%) and molecularly confirmed as subtype H5. The infection rate was higher in broilers (40%) than layers (8.6%). Influenza A (H1) pdm09 virus was detected in a single human case (1.54%). All the isolated AI H5 viruses were clustered into clade (2.2.1.2) and shared a high similarity rate at nucleotides and amino acid levels. In addition, they had a multi-basic amino acid motif (ـــPQGEKRRKKR/GLFـــ) at the H5 gene cleavage site that exhibited point mutations. Chicken breed, movement of workers from one flock to another, lack of utensils' disinfection and the introduction of new birds to the farm were significant risk factors associated with highly pathogenic AI H5 virus infection in poultry farms (p ≤ 0.05). Other factors showed no significant association. The HPAI H5 viruses are still endemic in Egypt with continuous mutation. Co-circulation of these viruses in birds and pdm09 viruses in humans raises alarm for the emergence of reassortant viruses that are capable of potentiating pandemics. 相似文献
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旨在全面了解牛冠状病毒(BCoV)在吉林省肉牛群的流行情况,选择吉林省东中西部地区的12个县市的规模化、养殖合作社、家庭型养殖户等牛场在不同季节采集血液、鼻拭子、粪拭子及临床病死牛组织脏器,采用血清学及分子生物学诊断检测技术,对BCoV进行流行病学调查,了解BCoV在该吉林省部分地区的流行情况。共采集临床血清样品1 298份,粪便样品、肝、肺、脾、气管等组织样品462份,应用商品化BCoV抗体检测试剂盒检测血清抗体和纳米PCR新型检测技术对临床样品进行PCR检测,并对核酸检测出的阳性结果测序分析。结果显示BCoV抗体血清阳性率为1.08%,粪便、肝等临床样品阳性率21.10%。经测序分析调查地区BCoV流行株与我国四川流行株相似性达99%以上。本研究对吉林省中部地区BCoV流行情况进行了全面调查,丰富了牛冠状病毒的流行病学调查数据,为指导牛冠状病毒的防控工作奠定了基础。 相似文献