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1.
将60只二月龄的清洁级ICR小鼠随机分成4组,每组雌性10只和雄性5只,雌雄分开饲养,饮水中加入不同剂量的钼（以Na2MoO4.2H2O形式）,分别是空白对照组、低钼组（100mg/L）、中钼组（200mg/L）、高钼组（400mg/L）。4周后雌雄合笼,产仔后从仔鼠中随机挑选雌性30只和雄性15只按原分组给予不同剂量的钼,8周后,再从每组中随机选取雌性10只和雄性5只合笼饲养,产仔至第4代,记录分娩率和每胎产仔数。第3代和第4代小鼠每组选取5只,眼球采血,分离血清,测定血清黄嘌呤氧化酶（XOD）、单胺氧化酶（MAO）、丙二醛（MDA）、一氧化氮（NO）、铜蓝蛋白（CP）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）。试验结果表明高剂量钼能够颉抗体内的铜,使部分含铜酶活性下降,降低了小鼠繁殖性能,具体如下：（1）F1和F2代高剂量组分娩率显著低于其他组（P〈0.05）;（2）与对照组相比,试验组小鼠XOD活性、除中钼组外的F2代MAO活性、F2代中钼组SOD活性、F3代中钼组CuZn-SOD活力值和试验组CP活性均显著降低（P〈0.05）。可见高剂量钼可降低小鼠的繁殖性能,其作用机制可能是钼降低部分含铜酶的活性,导致小鼠抗氧化能力降低。 相似文献
2.
为研究高剂量的钼对雌性小鼠生长性能及肝、肾功能的影响。选用60只35日龄健康雌性昆明种小鼠,随机分成对照组、高钼Ⅰ组和高钼Ⅱ组,分别在饮水中添加钼含量为0、200、400 mg/L的钼酸钠,连续染毒90 d,分别于0 d、30 d、60 d、90 d各称量一次小鼠体量,试验结束时,摘眼球取血,测血清丙氨酸转氨酶、天门冬氨酸转氨酶活性以及肌酐、尿素氮、尿酸含量。结果显示:高钼组小鼠体重增长缓慢,60 d后高钼Ⅱ组小鼠体重增加与对照组比较差异显著(P<0.05)。高钼Ⅰ组小鼠血清谷丙转氨酶活性与对照组比较显著升高(P<0.05),高钼Ⅱ组与对照组比较血清谷丙转氨酶活性升高,两者差异极显著(P<0.01);高钼Ⅱ组谷草转氨酶活性升高,与对照组比较差异极显著(P<0.01);高钼Ⅰ组、高钼Ⅱ组小鼠血清肌酐、尿素氮、尿酸含量均升高,其中高钼Ⅱ组与对照组比较差异显著(P<0.05或P<0.01)。研究表明:高剂量的钼能引起雌性小鼠肝、肾功能受损,并可抑制其生长。 相似文献
3.
钼及钼铜联合对小鼠肝脏、肾脏、睾丸细胞微核率的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探讨高钼条件下钼对小鼠组织的损伤作用和铜对钼中毒的保护作用,实验采用昆明ICR系健康雄性小白鼠36只,随机分成6组,分别自由饮用含有0 mg/l Mo、200 mg/l Mo、400 mg/l Mo、20 mg/lCu2+、20 mg/l Cu2++200 mg/l Mo和20 mg/l Cu2++400 mg/l Mo的水溶液(以Na2MoO4.2H2O和CuSO4形式)16周。实验期末将小鼠处死,取肝脏、肾脏和睾丸,研磨涂片,计算微核率。实验结果表明:钼暴露组中,随着钼剂量的增加,肝脏、肾脏和睾丸细胞微核率都呈增大的趋势,且显著高于对照组(P<0.05);钼补铜组与钼暴露组相比较发现,钼补铜组微核率低于钼暴露组,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。因此,高钼暴露可引起小鼠肝脏、肾脏和睾丸细胞的损伤,而补铜可在一定程度上减轻这种损伤。 相似文献
4.
《中国兽医学报》2014,(8):1373-1376
200只1日龄AA+肉鸡,随机分为对照组,饮水中添加钼3mg/L组,6mg/L组,9mg/L组,12mg/L组,每组4个重复,采用自由饮水采食的方式饲养42d,并记录每天采食量及每周体质量。于试验14,28,42d,每个重复随机抽取2只鸡,进行心脏采血,分离血清用于血清中脂质代谢及抗氧化能力指标的测定。将每组鸡剖杀后,测量并记录腹部脂肪,屠体质量,半净膛质量,全净膛质量等。结果显示,与对照组相比,添加钼12mg/L组摄食量、料肉比降低,且差异显著(P<0.05),而对肉鸡的屠宰性能、脂质代谢的影响差异不显著(P>0.05),但对肉鸡血清抗氧化能力的影响差异显著(P<0.05)。这表明在饮水中添加12mg/L的钼,可提高肉鸡的生产性能,其作用机制可能是提高了肉鸡的抗氧化能力。 相似文献
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6.
为研究百香果果壳提取物对热应激小鼠的保护作用,本试验选取健康清洁级ICR雄性小鼠40只,随机分为对照组、热应激组、低剂量组和高剂量组共4个组,每组10只。所有小鼠饲喂基础颗粒饲料,正常饮水。低剂量组和高剂量组分别按100和200 mg/(kg·bw·d)剂量灌胃百香果果壳提取物,对照组和热应激组小鼠每天灌胃等量生理盐水。持续灌胃14 d后,除对照组外,其余3个组小鼠每天热处理2 h,连续7 d,期间持续给药。试验结束时,空腹称量小鼠体重;分析小鼠体重变化;采集血液检测血清中谷氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、肌酐(Cr)、尿素氮(BUN)和热休克蛋白70(HSP70)生化指标,以及肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白介素6(IL-6)、白介素2(IL-2)和γ干扰素(IFN-γ)细胞因子含量;收集小鼠肝脏和肾脏,观察其组织病理学变化。结果显示,热应激结束后,4个组小鼠体重无显著差异(P>0.05),但热应激组减重最多;与对照组比较,热应激组血清生化和细胞因子各指标均显著升高(P<0.05);与热应激组相比,低剂量组和高剂量组小鼠血清生化和细胞因子各指标均... 相似文献
7.
通过向饮水中添加不同剂量钼,建立试验动物模型:对照组(0 mg/L)、钼Ⅰ组(12.5 mg/L)、钼Ⅱ组(25.0mg/L)、钼Ⅲ组(50mg/L)和钼Ⅳ组(100mg/L)。在试验处理第2周和第5周,给鸡接种新城疫疫苗;在试验处理第7周和第10周,采集血液制备血清,测定血清HI抗体效价和抗氧化指标。结果显示,添加50mg钼显著提高了鸡末期体质量(P0.05)和平均增质量(P0.05);钼处理组血清HI抗体效价均高于对照组,其中Ⅲ组和钼Ⅳ组与对照组相比差异极显著(P0.01);添加不同剂量钼提高了鸡血清TPr和Alb含量,XOD和ACP活性;添加不同剂量钼显著提高了鸡血清SOD、GSH-PX、GSH、NO及T-NOS等酶的活性,且呈剂量依赖关系。结果表明,添加钼能促进鸡生长、提高鸡的免疫功能及抗氧化能力。 相似文献
8.
高钼低铜对小鼠肾脏结构及其表达TNF-α蛋白的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为研究高钼低铜对小鼠肾脏结构及TNF-α蛋白表达的影响,选用80只雄性昆明种小鼠随机分为4组,在饮水中添加不同浓度的钼(600 mg/L)及铜(3mg/L),建立动物模型。在试验处理第90天时采样,研究高钼低铜对小鼠肾脏组织病理学及TNF-α表达的影响。结果显示,高钼组小鼠肾脏组织肾小体聚集,部分肾小球发生萎缩,间质中有大量炎性细胞浸润,有新月体出现。与对照组相比,高钼组肾脏TNF-α蛋白表达量上升15.60%(P0.01);与低铜组相比,高钼低铜组肾脏TNF-α蛋白表达量上升24.60%(P0.01);与高钼组相比,高钼低铜组肾脏TNF-α蛋白表达量上升7.14%(P0.05)。表明高剂量钼导致肾脏发生明显的病理组织学损伤,显著提高了小鼠肾脏TNF-α的表达,低铜加剧了钼的毒性作用。 相似文献
9.
《中国兽医学报》2016,(3):485-489
旨在探讨钼对小鼠血清免疫球蛋白和细胞因子含量的影响,选用30d健康昆明小鼠60只,随机分为4组,分别饮用钼水(mg/L),Ⅰ组(0)、Ⅱ组(400)、Ⅲ组(800)、Ⅳ组(1 200),试验周期42d,定期剖杀取样。采用ELISA法检测小鼠血清中免疫球蛋白和细胞因子含量的变化,结果显示:与Ⅰ组相比,整个试验中,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组小鼠血清IgE含量差异不显著(P0.05),第14天Ⅲ、Ⅳ组IgG、IL-4均极显著降低(P0.01),Ⅲ组IFN-γ、IL-6均显著升高(P0.05),第28天Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组IgG,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组IgM、IL-4,Ⅳ组IL-2均显著或极显著降低(P0.05或P0.01),第42天Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组IgG、IL-2、IL-4均显著或极显著降低(P0.05或P0.01),且小鼠血清IgG、IgM、IL-2、IL-4含量随时间的延长呈下降趋势,IFN-γ、IL-6含量随时间的延长先上升后下降。结果表明:饮水中钼(≥400mg/L)可引起小鼠血清免疫球蛋白、抗炎细胞因子下降,促炎细胞因子先上升后下降,且具有一定的时-效和量-效关系,影响动物的体液免疫和细胞免疫功能。 相似文献
10.
40只21日龄SPF雄性昆明小鼠随机分为4组,三聚氰胺(MA)和三聚氰酸(CA)按1∶1比例混合染毒,分别给予低剂量(0.6 mg.kg-1)、中剂量(3 mg.kg-1)和高剂量(15 mg.kg-1),连续30 d灌胃,玉米油作溶剂,对照组灌胃等量的溶剂玉米油。最后一次染毒后24 h,眼静脉采集小鼠血液,无痛处死小鼠。分离小鼠血清,测定血清肌酐(Cr)及尿素氮(BUN)含量,对肾脏组织进行光镜和电镜观察。肾脏功能指标测定结果表明:与对照组相比,中、高剂量组小鼠血清肌酐、尿素氮含量显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01);HE及PAS法观察结果显示:低、中剂量组小鼠肾脏肾小管管腔轻微扩张,中剂量组小鼠肾脏局部出现溶解的结晶,高剂量组小鼠肾脏肾小管中出现晶体,肾小管管腔极度扩张,小管上皮细胞扁平化,刷状缘破损,间质不同程度炎性细胞浸润,纤维结缔组织增生等病理改变。 相似文献
11.
Changes in urea nitrogen and creatinine concentrations in the vitreous humor of cattle after death 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
The mean urea nitrogen concentration in vitreous humor (VUN) in 97 healthy steers after death was 15.7 mg/dl. The mean serum urea nitrogen concentration in the same cattle was 20.0 mg/dl. The mean vitreous creatinine (VC) concentration was 0.7 mg/dl, and the serum creatinine value was 1.5 mg/dl. The VUN and VC were both significantly lower than serum urea nitrogen and serum creatinine, respectively, but varied in a consistent, predictable manner. In tests with 10 cows, postmortem intervals as long as 36 hours and ambient temperatures up to 30 C had no significant effects on VUN and VC. Evaluation of 8 animals with uremia confirmed that the vitreous humor is a stable fluid compartment after death, usable as an indicator of serum urea nitrogen and creatinine. 相似文献
12.
[目的]评价三七总皂苷(PNS)用药安全性,为临床用药提供参考依据。[方法]将40只昆明系小白鼠随机分为4组,每组10只,3个药物处理组小鼠通过腹腔注射的方式分别给予11.34、56.70、113.40mg/(kg·BW)的PNS,每天1次,连续给药14d;空白对照组小鼠腹腔注射生理盐水0.3mL/只,连续注射14d。测定并比较各组小鼠在试验期间的体重、脏器指数(肝脏、脾脏、肾脏指数)以及血液生化指标;取各组小鼠肝脏、脾脏、肾脏组织,制备病理组织切片,利用显微镜观察上述组织是否出现病理变化。[结果]3个PNS给药组小鼠在试验期间的体重与空白对照组小鼠相比,均无显著性差异(P>0.05);11.34mg/(kg·BW)PNS组小鼠的脾脏指数显著低于空白对照组(P<0.05);113.40mg/(kg·BW)PNS组小鼠的谷草转氨酶活力和肌酐含量显著低于空白对照组(P<0.05),而尿素氮含量显著升高(P<0.05);病理组织学观察结果表明,PNS对肝脏、脾脏、肾脏组织无明显损伤。[结论]PNS实际无毒,长期用药会产生肾毒性,提示用药不宜过量。 相似文献
13.
本研究为了探索白消安对小鼠生殖能力的影响,将20只6~7周龄性成熟雄ICR鼠随机分成4组,以注射50%DMSO作为空白对照,分别以每只40、45、50 mg/kg剂量腹腔注射白消安。从注射当天开始分阶段共与母鼠合笼15次,记录了460只合笼母鼠的受孕率、窝产仔数,以及922只后代的性别,并对记录数据进行统计分析,研究了不同剂量药物对小鼠生殖能力的影响。结果表明,腹腔注射白消安能够造成小鼠的短期不育,但这种不育是可以恢复的,且低剂量比高剂量注射恢复更快。白消安虽然会对小鼠的生殖能力造成影响,但不会影响其后代的性别比例。 相似文献
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The concentrations of several post mortem aqueous humour chemical constituents were compared with ante mortem serum chemical values in the horse. Urea nitrogen and creatinine values in post mortem aqueous humour were good predictors of ante mortem serum values. Aqueous humour urea nitrogen increased only slightly and creatinine did not change significantly for up to 24 h after death. Formulae were derived for calculating estimated ante mortem serum urea nitrogen and creatinine from aqueous humour values obtained after death. These results from normal horses identify analytes that are accurate predictors of ante mortem serum values. Determination of post mortem aqueous humour urea nitrogen of creatinine may assist in interpretation of the functional significance of equivocal histological lesions in the kidney. 相似文献
15.
Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic agent widely used in treatment of several cancers. It is documented as a major cause of clinical nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the involvement of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of cisplatin-induced liver and kidney injury. Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Group 1 (control) was intraperitoneally (IP) injected with a single dose of 0.85% normal saline. Groups 2, 3 and 4 were IP injected with single doses of cisplatin at 10, 25 and 50 mg/kg body weight (BW), respectively. At 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h after injection, BW, levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, malondialdehyde (MDA), and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and histology of the liver and kidney were evaluated. Cisplatin caused a reduction in BW of rats in groups 2, 3 and 4 at all post injection intervals. The levels of serum ALT, AST, BUN and creatinine and MDA of the kidney and liver were markedly increased especially at 48 and 72 h, whereas the activity of SOD was decreased after cisplatin injection. Liver sections revealed moderate to severe congestion with dilation of the hepatic artery, portal vein and bile duct and disorganization of hepatic cords at 50 mg/kg of cisplatin. Kidney sections illustrated mild to moderate tubular necrosis at 25 and 50 mg/kg of cisplatin. Therefore, oxidative stress was implicated in the pathogenesis of liver and kidney injury causing biochemical and histological alterations. 相似文献
16.
D A Dzanis L Krook H J Harvey F A Kallfelz 《American journal of veterinary research》1990,51(4):682-687
The feasibility of renal arterial infusion of nonbiodegradable microspheres as a model of chronic renal disease in dogs was evaluated. Resin-coated, styrene-divinyl benzene copolymer microspheres were infused into the kidneys of healthy adult Beagles by direct injections of both renal arteries in a single surgical procedure. Injections of 25-microns diameter microspheres had minimal effect on either the clinical status or serum values of the dogs. Histologic examination revealed the majority of the microspheres lodged within the capillary beds of the glomeruli, and little change to the kidneys. However, injections of 50-microns diameter microspheres caused significant increases in serum concentrations of urea nitrogen and creatinine. Histologically, the larger microspheres obstructed afferent arterioles and small arteries, which caused diffuse glomerular necrosis and nephron damage. With doses ranging from 1 to 3 million microspheres/dog, a correlation between the quantity of microspheres injected and severity of renal damage was observed. The optimal dose for producing a model of moderate renal disease was determined to be 1.8 million microspheres/dog (0.9 million microspheres/kidney). During long-term studies, microsphere-injected dogs fed a moderately restricted protein ration remained relatively azotemic, compared with control dogs on the identical ration. During the 5-month postsurgical period, the serum urea nitrogen concentration averaged 18.41 +/- 1.59 mg/dl (mean +/- SE) for the microsphere-injected dogs vs 9.31 +/- 0.38 for the control dogs (P less than 0.001). Similarly, the mean serum creatinine value was significantly higher (P = 0.020) for the microsphere-injected dogs, compared with the controls (1.23 +/- 0.12 mg/dl vs 0.94 +/- 0.03).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
17.
Zapata GL Britos RM Pintos ME Dreizzen E Lausada NB Arauz S 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2005,8(3):207-209
The objective of this paper was to determine the physiological values of urea nitrogen and creatinine in tears, and to compare the results with those obtained from serum. Thirty healthy thoroughbred horses were included in the study. Tear fluid samples were obtained using a glass capillary tube placed in lower conjunctival cul-de-sac. Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein. Tear and serum urea nitrogen and creatinine levels were quantitatively analyzed by an enzymatic colorimetric method. Urea nitrogen values were 4.22+/-1.84 mmol/l in tears and 4.44+/-1.78 mmol/l in serum, whereas creatinine values in tears were 14.14+/-7.74 micromol/l and in serum 147.63+/-12.17 micromol/l. Statistical analysis confirmed a significant correlation between serum and tear urea levels (P<0001). However, there was no significant correlation between blood and tear creatinine values. Mean value of creatinine obtained from tears was 9.6% of the mean value from serum. Urea nitrogen and creatinine levels can be measured in tears. A significant correlation was found between serum and tears urea levels. This finding may permit development of a new alternative laboratory diagnosis of uremia based on the content of urea in tears. 相似文献
18.
Young adult sheep were dosed with extracts of Narthecium ossifragum plants by the oral or parenteral routes and the resulting nephrotoxicity was assessed from the increases in the concentrations of creatinine and urea in the serum. Following single intraruminal or intraperitoneal doses of extracts derived from 30 g N. ossifragum (wet weight) per kg live weight (kg lw), serum creatinine concentrations increased from about 100 mol/L to between 260 and 510 mol/L. The serum urea concentrations increased from about 5–8 mmol/L to between 11 and 66 mmol/L in individual sheep. Daily intraruminal administration of 5–30 g/kg lw to three sheep over a 10- or 15-day period increased creatinine concentrations from 100 mol/L to 300–760 mol/L, and urea concentrations from 5–8 mmol/L to 35 mmol/L. A single intraperitoneal challenge dose of 30 g/kg lw, delivered 7 or 12 days after the final intraruminal dose, did not lead to increased serum creatinine or urea concentrations, indicating that oral treatment had apparently resulted in an increased tolerance to the nephrotoxic principle(s) in N. ossifragum. 相似文献