共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Chromatographic separation of odorants by the nose: retention times measured across in vivo olfactory mucosa 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
The column of a standard gas chromatograph was replaced with in vivo frog olfactory sac. The wide range of relative retention times as measured across the olfactory mucosa for 15 different odorants supports the concept of a chromatographic separation along the mucosa as a mechanism for distinguishing different odorants. 相似文献
2.
Infection has been obtained in both rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys by inhalation of poliomyelitis virus in the form of droplet nuclei. The olfactory route was excluded in part of the animals successfully infected. The gastrointestinal route is believed to have been excluded in the rhesus monkeys. It seems most probable that the portals of entry were the lower respiratory mucosa in the case of the rhesus monkeys and the oropharyngeal mucosa in the case of the cynomolgus monkeys. Fever and occasional mild symptoms in 8 other rhesus monkeys suggest that an abortive form of poliomyelitis may have resulted from inhalation, but this can not at present be considered as proved. The experiments open up the possibility that human poliomyelitis may, at least sometimes, be an air-borne infection and that the lungs may be a portal of entry. Neither of these aspects of the disease has hitherto, so far as we are aware, been studied experimentally. The presence of virus in the human nasopharynx, which has been repeatedly demonstrated,(7, 8) provides an obvious source of air contamination by patients and carriers; and direct contact has been traced during epidemics in a considerable fraction of cases,(9) amounting to about one third in the report of Top and Vaughan.(10) The relative importance of transmission by air and by ingested material remains to be determined. It would seem probable, however, that both modes of infection must be taken into account. 相似文献
3.
Ascorbic acid: cofactor in rabbit olfactory preparations 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
K O Ash 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1969,165(896):901-902
A stimulant-induced decrease in absorbance at 267 nanometers in preparations from rabbit olfactory epithelium requires ascorbic acid as a cofactor. Vitamin C is bound to proteins in the olfactory mucosa in vivo. When the stimulant. 3,7-dimethyl-6-octen-3-ol interacts with olfactory proteins, it triggers a change in protein conformation which renders ascorbic acid available for oxidation. The specific decrease in absorbance at 267 nanometers is produced when the "freed" ascorbic acid is oxidized. 相似文献
4.
目的 探讨电针迎香穴对嗅觉功能障碍大鼠胰岛素样生长因子-1（insulin-like growth factor 1,IGF-1）的影响。方法 将50只SD大鼠随机分为5组,分别是正常组、嗅觉功能障碍组、嗅觉功能障碍+眶下神经切断组、嗅觉功能障碍+电针组、嗅觉功能障碍+眶下神经切断+电针组,电针干预迎香穴后,运用嗅觉迷宫实验和对大鼠嗅球组织及血液中IGF-1进行ELISA、免疫组织化学等方法进行分析研究。结果 嗅觉功能障碍+电针组大鼠与正常组相比,其嗅觉功能明显改善（P<0.01）,其嗅球组织及血液中IGF-1表达明显升高（P<0.05）,而嗅觉功能障碍+眶下神经切断+电针组大鼠与正常组相比,其嗅觉功能和嗅球组织及血液中IGF-1表达无明显改善（P>0.05）。结论 电针迎香穴对嗅觉功能障碍模型大鼠具有显著干预效应,其作用机制可能是通过三叉神经通路,促进大鼠体内IGF-1的产生,从而有利于嗅觉系统嗅感神经元（ORN）再生,改善嗅觉功能障碍。 相似文献
5.
本文对草鱼嗅觉有关器官—嗅囊、嗅板、嗅球和嗅茎的形态结构进行了观察,并对鲤鱼的上述器官的结构作了对比观察。 相似文献
6.
运用免疫组织化学方法对比了常氧条件下与低氧条件下甘肃鼢鼠鼻黏膜内含P物质(SP)及降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)的神经纤维平均长度的变化情况。结果表明,甘肃鼢鼠在低氧条件下,鼻腔嗅黏膜内含SP及CGRP的免疫反应纤维的平均长度与常氧条件下的比率分别为0.97和1.09,呼吸黏膜的比率分别为1.20和1.22,明显小于SD大鼠的相应比率,但差异均未达极显著水平(0.01相似文献
7.
An approach to understanding the properties of dendrites is to record the response of the olfactory bulb where the dendrites of mitral cells form the glomeruli. After the stimulations of the bulb and nasal mucosa, the responses appear different, but they are fundamentally composed of three successive potentials, suggesting that the last one is the action potential of glomerular dendrites. 相似文献
8.
鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒的分离鉴定 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
[目的]证实江都市存在鸡传染性喉气管炎。[方法]以江都市5只发病鸡的喉、气管粘膜及其分泌物为病料,采用鸡胚传代的方法从中分离出1株病毒（ILTV—JD07）,对分离毒株进行了理化特性检验、毒价测定、中和试验、琼脂免疫扩散试验、PCR扩增及电泳检测等。[结果]鸡胚接种病料后48h胚体活性减弱,3—8d内死亡6枚,解剖死胚可见其绒毛尿囊膜（CAM）增厚,取病变CAM传至第4代接种鸡胚,鸡胚集中于接种后3—5d内死亡;第4代分离毒的毒价基本稳定在10^5.77EID50／0．2ml,分离毒毒株可被鸡传染性喉气管炎（ILT）标准阳性血清中和,中和价为1：54;参考株ILT／13与分离株ILTV-JD07均可扩增出1条183bp的DNA条带。[结论]江都市存在鸡传染性喉气管炎。 相似文献
9.
种番鸭产蛋下降综合征病毒的分离及其PCR鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从临床表现产蛋率下降、产蛋异常的种番鸭输卵管粘膜中分离到1株病毒,经血凝及血凝抑制试验鉴定为产蛋下降综合征病毒,命名为E05。参照GenBank上发表的鸭源产蛋下降综合征病毒基因组序列的保守区设计1对引物,通过PCR技术扩增出286 bp的基因片段,将扩增产物与T载体连接后,转化感受态细胞,筛选出阳性重组质粒进行测序分析。测序结果与GenBank上已发表的EDSV 100kD蛋白序列比对,扩增片段与已登陆的基因片段完全相符,同源性100%。 相似文献
10.
从河南省长葛、荥阳等地采集的病鸡(临床疑似感染ILTV)喉气管组织中分离得到两株病毒,暂命名为ILTV-CG和ILTV-XY.经人工接种易感鸡,ILTV-CG组于接种后第四天、ILTV-XY组于接种后第三天部分鸡只死亡,并可致死部分鸡胚,绒毛尿囊膜增厚且有大小不等、数量不一的白色痘斑;两株病毒对乙醚、氯仿敏感;在电镜下可观察到六边形、二十面体对称、有囊膜、具空心颗粒的病毒粒子;根据GenBank中收录的ILTV TK基因核苷酸序列,设计一对特异引物,以两病毒株及参考株的DNA为模板进行PCR反应,均扩增出完全一致的特异带,扩增产物用EcoR Ⅰ酶切后的酶切图谱也完全一致.试验结果表明两分离株均为ILTV. 相似文献
11.
齐口裂腹鱼端脑形态和组织学研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用苏木精 -伊红、美兰染色技术对 5尾齐口裂腹鱼端脑的外部形态和组织结构进行了研究。观察发现 ,齐口裂腹鱼的端脑发达 ,由嗅球、嗅茎和左右端脑半球构成。嗅球位于嗅窝内 ,嗅囊的后方 ,以嗅茎与后面的左右端脑半球联系。嗅球的组织结构成层状结构 ,从外向内依次为上皮、神经纤维层和小细胞层。端脑半球外部被有原脑皮 ,两者之间的腔隙为脑室 ,其内的纹状体被横行和纵行的沟分成若干小叶。神经核分布于纹状体的周缘 ,主要有连前核、背嗅核、侧嗅核、视前核、梨状核、侧连核和脚内核等。本文对纹状体内各核的特征进行观察和描述。 相似文献
12.
经对患犬瘟热性腹泻的8例病犬进行病理组织学检查发现,4例肠炎主要是由小袋虫引起,还有1例是小袋虫与隐孢虫混合感染。小袋虫主要存在于病犬的空肠和回肠黏膜的上皮细胞间以及固有层内,在脱落的肠上皮细胞和破坏的肠绒毛所形成的粘液内,也能检出大量的小袋虫。小袋虫的虫体主要有包囊体和滋养体。包囊体多呈圆形,胞浆致密、深染,经PAS染色,在其胞浆中可发现大量深红色的粗大颗粒。滋养体多呈椭圆形,其胞质疏松,着色较淡,PAS染色时,其胞浆中有少量呈红色的粗大颗粒。用抗犬瘟热病毒核衣壳蛋白抗体染色检查,在小肠黏膜上皮细胞、隐窝的腺上皮细胞、浸润在肠黏膜固有层的淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞和集合淋巴结的树突状细胞均呈强阳性反应。 相似文献
13.
Animals alter their behavioral patterns in an experience-dependent manner. Olfactory imprinting is a process in which the exposure of animals to olfactory cues during specific and restricted time windows leaves a permanent memory ("olfactory imprint") that shapes the animal's behavior upon encountering the olfactory cues at later times. We found that Caenorhabditis elegans displays olfactory imprinting behavior that is mediated by a single pair of interneurons. To function in olfactory imprinting, this interneuron pair must express a G protein-coupled chemoreceptor family member encoded by the sra-11 gene. Our study provides insights into the cellular and molecular basis of olfactory imprinting and reveals a function for a chemosensory receptor family member in interneurons. 相似文献
14.
为了探讨两栖动物嗅器和犁鼻器在种系发生中的意义,用光学显微镜观察了中国林蛙嗅觉系统和犁鼻系统的组织结构。结果显示,嗅器可分为主嗅室、中室和下室3部分;主嗅室被覆嗅上皮,中室和下室被覆非嗅上皮。犁鼻腔位于嗅器的腹内侧,与下室相通,被覆发达的犁鼻上皮。背侧嗅神经起始于主嗅室背侧嗅上皮,经由嗅球腹外侧和前部进入同侧嗅球;犁鼻神经起始于犁鼻器上皮,经由嗅球腹正中部进入同侧副嗅球。 相似文献
15.
New routes to early memories 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Stimulation of one side of the olfactory system during training with odor-milk pairings in neonatal rats results in their ability to recall an odor memory by using the trained but not the untrained side of the brain. In 12-day-old rats, olfactory learning can be recalled by stimulation of either the trained or untrained side. The development of bilateral recall reflects the maturation of olfactory commissural pathways that provide access to the olfactory memory stored on the contralateral side. Furthermore, the commissural pathways need not be present at the time of memory formation but can establish new and specific access to already existing olfactory memories. 相似文献
16.
Odor stimuli trigger influx of calcium into olfactory neurons of the channel catfish 总被引：26，自引：0，他引：26
Olfactory transduction is thought to be mediated by a G protein-coupled increase in intracellular adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) that triggers the opening of cAMP-gated cation channels and results in depolarization of the plasma membrane of olfactory neurons. In olfactory neurons isolated from the channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, stimulation with olfactory stimuli (amino acids) elicits an influx of calcium that leads to a rapid increase in intracellular calcium. In addition, in a reconstitution assay a plasma membrane calcium channel has been identified that is gated by inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3), which could mediate this calcium influx. Together with previous studies indicating that stimulation with olfactory stimuli leads to stimulation of phosphoinositide turnover in olfactory cilia, these data suggest that an influx of calcium triggered by odor stimulation of phosphoinositide turnover may be an alternate or additional mechanism of olfactory transduction. 相似文献
17.
Arensburger P Megy K Waterhouse RM Abrudan J Amedeo P Antelo B Bartholomay L Bidwell S Caler E Camara F Campbell CL Campbell KS Casola C Castro MT Chandramouliswaran I Chapman SB Christley S Costas J Eisenstadt E Feschotte C Fraser-Liggett C Guigo R Haas B Hammond M Hansson BS Hemingway J Hill SR Howarth C Ignell R Kennedy RC Kodira CD Lobo NF Mao C Mayhew G Michel K Mori A Liu N Naveira H Nene V Nguyen N Pearson MD Pritham EJ Puiu D Qi Y Ranson H Ribeiro JM Roberston HM Severson DW Shumway M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2010,330(6000):86-88
Culex quinquefasciatus (the southern house mosquito) is an important mosquito vector of viruses such as West Nile virus and St. Louis encephalitis virus, as well as of nematodes that cause lymphatic filariasis. C. quinquefasciatus is one species within the Culex pipiens species complex and can be found throughout tropical and temperate climates of the world. The ability of C. quinquefasciatus to take blood meals from birds, livestock, and humans contributes to its ability to vector pathogens between species. Here, we describe the genomic sequence of C. quinquefasciatus: Its repertoire of 18,883 protein-coding genes is 22% larger than that of Aedes aegypti and 52% larger than that of Anopheles gambiae with multiple gene-family expansions, including olfactory and gustatory receptors, salivary gland genes, and genes associated with xenobiotic detoxification. 相似文献
18.
Pregnant rats received 2-[14C]deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) intravenously on the last day of gestation, and their fetuses were delivered 1 hour later by cesarean section. Fetal brains showed high 2DG uptake spread throughout the accessory olfactory bulb and little or no differential uptake in the main olfactory bulb. These findings demonstrate that functional activity occurs in the accessory olfactory bulb in utero and suggest that the accessory olfactory system may be the pathway by which fetal rats detect the odor quality of their intrauterine milieu. 相似文献
19.
金龟子嗅感器及嗅觉机理的研究进展 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
昆虫利用触角上的嗅觉感受器来识别化学信号。金龟子触角的嗅觉感受器为板形感器和锥形感器。与鳞翅目昆虫一样,金龟子嗅感器对化学气味具有选择性,并且雌雄两性间常常存在嗅觉差异。目前金龟子嗅觉信号转导的分子生物学研究也开展起来,已鉴定了多种金龟子的气味结合蛋白(OBP)和信息素结合蛋白(PBP),同一类群金龟子的PBPs相互之间同源性很高。 相似文献
20.
[目的 /意义]嗅觉能唤起人的情感和认知,空间嗅觉设计作为空间设计的重要部分,影响着用户的行为绩效。通过对国内外空间嗅觉设计相关文献的分析和解读,归纳空间嗅觉设计的效用,总结嗅觉体验的设计影响机理,为空间嗅觉设计在图书馆类公共文化服务机构的应用提供理论依据。[方法 /过程]采用文献调研和内容分析法,对空间嗅觉引起的情绪、记忆和行为变化进行重点解析,梳理国内外对空间嗅觉作用的研究,总结国内外空间嗅觉设计的研究进展和应用趋势。[结果 /结论]国外对空间嗅觉设计已经在的研究场景集中在学习情景、商业购物情景等特殊情境下的嗅觉体验。相比之下,国内的空间嗅觉设计研究尚停留在理论探讨阶段,实证研究尚待探索。未来图书馆要基于用户嗅觉体验视角创设未来学习中心需要更加关注气味与图书馆的一致性、气味对图书馆用户在馆行为的影响。 相似文献