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1.
通过对多油辣木幼苗设置干旱胁迫处理,测定了不同处理的生理生化指标。结果表明,在轻度和中度干旱胁迫下,幼苗叶片组织含水量随着胁迫天数的增加出现先升后降的趋势,在重度干旱胁迫下则是随着胁迫天数的增加而逐渐降低;可溶性糖含量在轻度干旱胁迫下呈现上升趋势,而中度和重度干旱胁迫强度下先增后降;可溶性蛋白的含量均呈现先升后降的趋势;游离脯氨酸含量随胁迫天数的增加呈现上升趋势;丙二醛含量在处理前期变化不大,而后期出现大幅度的增加,且会随着干旱程度的加剧而加大;相对电导率也都是随着干旱程度的加大和干旱时间的延伸而不断升高;过氧化物酶活性则是轻度干旱胁迫下呈现上升趋势,中度和重度干旱处理下都是随着时间的延伸而呈现出先增加后减少的趋势;叶绿素变化范围不大,但均低于对照组。主成分分析结果表明,辣木幼苗叶片内游离脯氨酸对其抗旱性起着重要的作用。 相似文献
2.
以东北常见苔藓植物为试验材料,人工模拟干旱胁迫环境,根据苔藓生理特性对干旱胁迫的响应,通过主成分分析法(PCA)和神经网络自组织映射(SOM)聚类分析法对苔藓进行抗旱性综合分析与评价,结果表明,各苔藓种类抗旱性由大到小依次排列为:葫芦藓>泥炭藓>真藓>小墙藓>大灰藓>山地墙藓>仙鹤藓>狭叶小羽藓>刺叶墙藓>黑扭口藓>提灯藓>大帽藓>曲柄藓>小叶藓>凤尾藓。 相似文献
3.
以黄条金刚竹(Sasaella masamuneana f. aureostriata)、铺地竹(Pleioblastus argenteostriatus)为试材,将2种中性盐NaCl、Na2SO4和2种碱性盐 NaHCO3、Na2CO3按不同比例混和,模拟出盐碱度各不相同的盐碱条件,研究不同盐碱胁迫处理对2种地被竹叶绿素含量的影响,旨在为今后优良耐盐地被竹选择及有效应用提供参考。结果表明,低浓度中性盐胁迫下,黄条金刚竹叶绿素a含量呈现“升高—降低—升高”的趋势,其余处理叶绿素a含量变化较为平缓,说明植株始终受到抑制;铺地竹受到胁迫后,叶绿素a在胁迫初期均呈现上升趋势,但随着胁迫时间的推移,叶绿素a含量呈现明显的下降趋势,尤其以盐浓度300 mmol/L处理最为明显。2种竹叶绿素b含量变化基本呈现初期上升后期下降的趋势。碱性盐胁迫下,2种竹的叶绿素a和b含量变化规律不明显,但是含量总体呈现下降的趋势。 相似文献
4.
为了丰富关中地区园林地被植物种类,让园林企业在合理选择和应用地被植物有可靠的理论依据,以关中地区引种栽培的顶花板凳果、大吴风草、迷迭香和蜘蛛抱蛋4种常绿地被植物2年生盆栽苗为试材,采用人工控水模拟水分胁迫的方法,研究其在不同程度下的植株形态变化,并测定4种植物的萎蔫系数及叶片的游离脯氨酸、MDA、SOD、POD、CAT、可溶性蛋白以及可溶性糖等生理生化指标的变化,由此来综合评价其抗旱性。结果表明:1)从干旱临界值来看,迷迭香的最低,达到3.01%;2)从叶片游离脯氨酸含量变化来看,顶花板凳果、大吴风草及迷迭香随着干旱胁迫程度的增加呈现增长趋势,到了重度干旱胁迫,其含量分别达到对照的7.09倍、11.73倍、18.59倍;3)从MDA含量变化来看,大吴风草和迷迭香叶片中的含量同干旱胁迫程度呈正相关,蜘蛛抱蛋、顶花板凳果则整体呈现缓慢的下降趋势;4)随着干旱胁迫程度的增加,4种植物叶片可溶性蛋白含量变化均有所增加,但差异不显著。可溶性糖的含量只有蜘蛛抱蛋呈现先升后降的趋势,其余3种均呈现显著连续下降趋势;5)从叶片保护酶活性分析,干旱胁迫条件下SOD、POD和CAT均有所增加。其中顶花板凳果、大吴风草及蜘蛛抱蛋的CAT含量显著增加,增长率分别达159.28%、239.31%和200.97%;6)利用隶属函数分析4种常绿地被植物的抗旱性强弱,其顺序为:迷迭香>顶花板凳果>蜘蛛抱蛋>大吴风草,这一结果与盆栽干旱试验的形态表现一致。 相似文献
5.
通过使用不同浓度梯度PEG6000(0、2.5%、5%、10%、15%、20%)对喀斯特适生植物鳞叶藓Taxiphyllum taxiramenum(Titt.)Fleisch进行水分胁迫处理,测定其不同胁迫强度和进程植物体内的含水量、游离脯氨酸和叶绿素等生长生理指标。结果为2天时植物体内含水量和叶绿素在相对低水分胁迫(PEG<10%)条件下随着胁迫强度的增强呈递减趋势,相对高强度水分胁迫(PEG>10%)条件下胁迫越强烈其抗胁迫的保水能力和生命活性越强;且胁迫时间的延长,植物体内含水量、叶绿素均减少,10%PEG水分胁迫条件下游离脯氨酸开始积累。研究结果表明鳞叶藓具有独特和较强的抗水分胁迫能力。另外,增加外源Ca 2能够增强鳞叶藓抗水分干旱胁迫能力。 相似文献
6.
《绿色科技》2017,(11)
以灰木莲(Manglietia glauca)、红荷(Schima wallichii)幼苗为试验材料,人工模拟水淹胁迫环境,进行了两个胁迫强度处理(水淹土表0cm、水淹土表5cm),通过测定各树种幼苗叶片的叶绿素、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)含量,研究了水淹胁迫对这2种幼苗以上生理指标的影响。研究结果表明:随着水淹胁迫深度的增加,灰木莲叶片叶绿素含量呈现小幅波动后升高,红荷幼苗各处理显著低于对照;灰木莲可溶性糖含量在大部分时间处理时与对照无显著差异,甚至低于对照,红荷的各处理均显著高于对照;灰木莲可溶性蛋白质含量上升后下降,红荷蛋白质含量显著下降;两种幼苗的SOD活性有不同程度下降,而丙二醛(MDA)含量上升。 相似文献
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《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2016,(6)
为了解佛甲草对灰水胁迫的适应能力,通过对盆栽佛甲草采用两种不同洗涤剂的灰水进行浇灌,研究了佛甲草的外部形态、相对含水量(RWC)、叶绿素含量、质膜相对透性和荧光参数生理指标的变化情况。结果表明,在两种不同灰水的浇灌下,佛甲草植株形态良好;叶片组织含水量、叶绿素含量有小范围的变化,其值分别与对照组相差较小;相对电导率值呈下降趋势。整体上,两种灰水胁迫下的佛甲草的各种生理指标基本与对照组无异,说明佛甲草对两种灰水具有一定的适应能力。 相似文献
8.
为了解赤水河源区域苔藓植物种类组成情况,对赤水河源镇赤水河源镇和以勒乡有关区域进行了苔藓植物标本采集与鉴定,共采集到苔藓植物标本104号,经鉴定含苔藓植物28科,47属,78种,其中苔类植物7科,7属,8种;藓类植物21科,40属,70种。该区域优势科有6科,分别是青藓科Brachytheciaceae、真藓科Bryaceae、白发藓科Leucobryaceae、灰藓科Hypnaceae、丛藓科Pottiaceae、提灯藓科Miniaceae;优势属有6属,分别是曲柄藓属Campylopus、凤尾藓属Fissidentaceae、泽藓属Philonotis、青藓属Brahchythecium、长喙藓属Rhychostegium、真藓属Bryum。该区域苔藓植物藓类占优势,物种组成以近人种为主。 相似文献
9.
外源ABA对渗透胁迫下喜树幼苗生理生化指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为给喜树栽培和利用提供理论依据,研究了外源ABA对渗透胁迫下喜树幼苗几项生理生化指标的影响。结果表明:渗透胁迫导致喜树幼苗内脯氨酸(Pro)含量增高,增施外源ABA其脯氨酸含量较渗透胁迫下低;渗透胁迫下,喜树幼苗内丙二醛(MDA)含量持续上升,外源ABA处理的喜树幼苗内丙二醛含量呈现先上升后下降的趋势;渗透胁迫使喜树幼苗的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性持续下降,外源ABA的使用可以减缓这种下降趋势;渗透胁迫使喜树幼苗内过氧化物酶(POD)活性呈现先上升后下降的趋势,外源ABA可以提高过氧化物酶活性;渗透胁迫使喜树幼苗内喜树碱(CPT)含量上升,外源ABA处理不能显著提高喜树幼苗内喜树碱含量,而渗透胁迫导致喜树幼苗内10-羟基喜树碱(10-OH CPT)含量下降,外源ABA的使用加剧了下降趋势。 相似文献
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11.
《Forest Ecology and Management》2007,238(1-3):335-346
Structural and physiological characteristics and foliar nutrient content of 14 tree species were evaluated at two sites, one being seasonally wet with relatively fertile soils and the other being seasonally dry with relatively infertile soils. Differences in environmental stress between these sites drove the resulting differences in structural and physiological characteristics and leaf nutrient content of the investigated tree species. At the wet site, trees were more productive as site conditions allowed for greater photosynthetic activity to occur. The growth of pioneer tree species such as Spondias mombin, Guazuma ulmifolia, and Luehea seemanni, correlated strongly with high water-use efficiency and large, low-density leaves. Tree species, especially N-fixing species such as Albizia adinocephala, Albizia guachapele, Enterolobium cyclocarpum, and Gliricidia sepium, adapted to the greater levels of environmental stress at the dry site with infertile soils by increasing their water-use efficiency. Species differences were also significant, indicating that certain species adapted physiologically and structurally to environmental stress. Tree productivity operated under different structural and physiological constraints at each site. Leaf mass area (LMA), foliar N, and leaf area index (LAI) best predicted mass-based net photosynthetic capacity at the more fertile, wet site while foliar N was the best predictor of mass-based net photosynthetic capacity at the less fertile, dry site. Results from this study suggest the use of pioneer species at wet, fertile sites and N-fixing species at dry, infertile sites for restoration projects. 相似文献
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13.
The tensile stress relaxation of Chinese fir wood treated with copper–ethanolamine (Cu–EA) was compared with that of untreated control to investigate the influence of Cu–EA treatment on the dimensional stability of wood in long-term application, and also for a better understanding of copper–wood–water interactions in copper containing water-borne preservative systems. The results showed that temperature and moisture conditions play important roles in the stress relaxation behavior of wood with or without Cu–EA treatment. At 25°C, Cu–EA treatment has little influence on stress relaxation; while at 35°C, Cu–EA treatment can significantly reduce the stress relaxation of wood, suggesting that Cu–EA treatment can increase dimensional stability of wood at high atmospheric temperature in long-term application. The complicated effect of copper retention on stress relaxation further confirms that copper competes for hydroxyl groups as adsorption sites with water molecules, as put forward in the previous report. 相似文献
14.
The number of fertile and infertile scales, filled and empty seeds, cone volume, seed efficiency and the incidence of insect and disease damage to seed were evaluated for seven jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb) and six black spruce (Picea mariana [Mill.] B.S.P.) seedling seed orchards in northern Ontario, Canada. On average, the seed potential of jack pine and black spruce cones was 50 and 82 seeds, respectively. Cone volume and the number of fertile scales were under strong genetic control and well correlated with one another for both species. Seed efficiency values were high for jack pine (60%) but poor for black spruce (24%). The incidence of seed insect damage was less than 2.5% for both species and nil for seed diseases. 相似文献
15.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):152-163
The effects of forest site type and logging intensity on polyporous fungi were studied in subxeric, mesic and herb-rich forests and spruce mires in northern Finland. The species richness of polypores did not follow the fertility gradient of the site types, but was connected with the amount and diversity of coarse woody debris (CWD). The total number of species, and the numbers of indicator and threatened species were equal in subxeric pine forests and in more fertile spruce-dominated stands. The species composition of pine-dominated forests differed conspicuously from that of spruce-dominated site types. The total number of species was not affected by logging intensity, but no virgin forest species or threatened species were found on the sites where the number of cut stumps exceeded 150 stumps ha?1. Increasing logging intensity decreased the number of polypore observations, indicating reduced substrate availability. The results stress the importance of protecting not only fertile spruce-dominated stands, but also poorer, pine-dominated forests, and sites with high and diverse CWD content. 相似文献
16.
This study assesses the dry matter production, chlorophyll, soluble protein and macronutrients inPeltophorum ferrugineum andAlbizia lebbeck. The parameters were measured at 30-day intervals for 180 days in fertile soil without moisture stress and in the natural nursery condition.Albizia lebbeck exhibited more dry matter production, chlorophyll, soluble protein and macronutrients thanP. ferrugineum. A significant positive correlation was observed between dry matter production, leaf area, leaf dry weight and soluble protein for both the tested seedlings. The possible reasons for the observed differences in the biomass production, biochemical contents and nutrient concentration between the two seedlings are discussed. 相似文献
17.
通过对酸性、干旱和湿润、肥沃环境下艳山姜的叶色、叶形、叶长宽比等形态特征和茎结构特征及挥发油成分进行比较分析,结果表明：在酸性、干旱与湿润肥沃环境下的植株,其形态与茎的结构均有明显的差异;艳山姜在酸性干旱环境胁迫下产生大量的次生衍生物质,其中大部分为脂质类和蛋白质类物质;从挥发油气相-质谱中共分得125个组分,说明艳山姜茎有重要的药用价值。 相似文献
18.
The biomass of small and large fine roots (相似文献
19.
He Wang Huihui Zhang Yushu Liu Jinghong Long Liang Meng Nan Xu Jinbo Li Haixiu Zhong Yining Wu 《林业研究》2019,(4):1209-1219
The solution culture method was used to study the effect of increasing nitrogen on the growth and pho-tosynthesis of poplar seedlings under 100 mmol L-1 NaCl stress. I Increase in nitrogen reduced stomatal limitation of leaves under NaCl stress, improved utilization of CO2 by mesophyll cells, enhanced photosynthetic carbon assimi-lation capacity, significantly alleviated saline damage of NaCl, and promoted the accumulation of aboveground and root biomass. I Increased nitrogen enhanced photochemical efficiency (ΦPSⅡ) and electron transport rates, relieved the reduction of maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) under NaCl, and reduced the degree of photoinhibition caused by NaCl stress. Increased nitrogen applications reduced the proportion of energy dissipating in the form of ineffective heat energy and hence a greater proportion of light energy absorbed by leaves was allocated to photo-chemical reactions. Under treatment with increased nitro-gen, the synergistic effect of heat dissipation and the xanthophyll cycle in the leaves effectively protected pho-tosynthetic PSⅡ and enhanced light energy utilization of leaves under NaCl stress. The increased nitrogen promoted photosynthetic electron supply and transport ability under NaCl stress evident in enhanced functioning of the oxygen-evolving complex on the electron donor side of PS Ⅱ. It increased the ability of the receptor pool to accept electrons on the PSII electron acceptor side and improved the sta-bility of thylakoid membranes under NaCl stress. Therefore, increasing nitrogen applications under NaCl stress can promote poplar growth by improving the effi-ciency of light energy utilization. 相似文献
20.
水分胁迫下夏蜡梅光合作用的气孔和非气孔限制 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
在水分胁迫下，夏蜡梅光补偿点、CO2补偿点、气孔阻力和活性氧产生速率升高，光饱和点、表观量子效率、最大净光合速率、羧化效率、蒸腾速率、Fv／Fm和色素含量下降，而暗呼吸速率先升后降、胞间CO2浓度先降后升。轻度和中度水分胁迫下光合能力的下降主要由气孔限制引起，在重度水分胁迫下则由非气孔限制起主要作用。 相似文献