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1.
调查新疆石河子农八师某团奶牛场隐性乳房炎的发病情况，采集70份乳样进行细菌的分离鉴定（其乳样细菌检出阳性率为82．86％）。共检测出8种细菌和真菌，其中主要有粪肠球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌。对其中7种分离菌进行了13种常用抗生素的药物敏感试验，结果表明大多数分离菌对恩诺沙星、盐酸土霉素、硫酸卡那霉素、氨苄青霉素、诺氟沙星、头孢噻吩钠比较敏感。除粘质沙雷菌外，其余6种分离菌均表现出硫酸链霉素抗药性。 相似文献
2.
调查了新疆石河子某奶牛场的隐性乳房炎的发病情况，采集200份乳样进行细菌的分离鉴定，共检测出隐性乳房炎病牛58头，检出率29％；分离到5种7株病原菌，其中主要的致病菌为链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌。 相似文献
3.
奶牛隐性乳房炎病原菌的分离鉴定与药物敏感性试验 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6
调查新疆石河子农八师某团奶牛场隐性乳房炎的发病情况,采集70份乳样进行细菌的分离鉴定(其乳样细菌检出阳性率为82.86%)。共检测出8种细菌和真菌,其中主要有粪肠球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌。对其中7种分离菌进行了13种常用抗生素的药物敏感试验,结果表明大多数分离菌对恩诺沙星、盐酸土霉素、硫酸卡那霉素、氨苄青霉素、诺氟沙星、头孢噻吩钠比较敏感。除粘质沙雷菌外,其余6种分离菌均表现出硫酸链霉素抗药性。 相似文献
4.
冬季某牛场奶牛子宫内膜炎与环境中主要致病菌分离鉴定、药敏试验及其相关性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对呼市地区某奶牛场的50头患子宫内膜炎奶牛及牛场环境进行采样,采集患牛子宫分泌物50份,环境样65份。并对采集的样本进行了病原菌分离鉴定,结果从50份奶牛子宫内膜炎样中分离出7种细菌共76株,从65份环境样分离出7种细菌共42株。对主要致病菌进行27种抗生素敏感试验,结果表明,从奶牛子宫内膜炎样和环境中分离的致病菌都对庆大霉素、氧氟沙星、环丙沙星和左氟沙星表现出高度敏感,而对青霉素G、新生霉素和氨曲南表现较强的耐药性。将从奶牛子宫内膜炎样本中分离的病原菌与相应环境中分离的细菌进行对比分析。发现两者存在一定的相关性。 相似文献
5.
从全国部分猪场采集疑似猪链球菌感染病例脑样品20份进行细菌分离,成功分离到10株细菌,通过猪链球菌及血清类型鉴定,最终确定其中一株为2型猪链球菌。应用猪链球菌7种主要毒力因子特异性基因扩增检测方法检测所分离到的2型猪链球菌的毒力因子分布情况,并应用小鼠攻毒试验对其致病性进行观察研究。结果表明:分离的2型猪链球菌具备7种毒力因子;动物试验表明SS2能引起小鼠的急性败血症及脑膜炎;细菌回归试验结果表明,试验组死亡小鼠的脑、心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏均有细菌定植,且能分离出攻毒菌。此分离菌株的研究为研制2型猪链球菌病疫苗奠定了基础。 相似文献
6.
7.
本研究以东祁连山高寒草地常见的7种禾本科牧草为材料,通过分离培养的方法研究了其根际细菌的数量和分布,重点研究了其有固氮作用的细菌数量和分布。结果发现,7种植物根际均存在大量的细菌,总数在2.50×106~17.07×106 cfu/g,不同植物根际细菌的数量和分布不同,以高原早熟禾根际细菌数量最多,冰草和赖草根际细菌最少,其余禾草居中;根际固氮菌的数量和分布也因牧草种类不同而不同。7种供试植物根际分离到固氮菌201株。且细菌和PGPR菌株的数量均呈现“根系表面(RP)>根际土壤(RS)>根内(HP)”的分布趋势,表现出强烈的根际效应。 相似文献
8.
金华市规模奶牛场隐性乳房炎主要病原菌的分离鉴定与药敏试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对金华市规模奶牛场HMT强阳性的122个乳样进行主要细菌的分离鉴定，查出91个乳样有细菌，细菌检出率为74．59％。检出8种共104个分离菌株，其中主要为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌53株，占51．0％；传染性细菌中，金黄色葡萄球菌23株，无乳链球菌14株，分别占22．1％和13．5％；环境性细菌感染9株占8．7％，其中链球菌属(除无乳之外)7株占6．7％，且以停乳链球菌为主(5．8％)；肠杆菌2株占1．9％，但未检出大肠杆菌；其他细菌5株占4．8％。由葡萄球菌、链球菌混合感染引起的乳房炎占12．09％。药敏试验结果表明，临床上较常使用的青霉素、链霉素、复方新诺明对该场隐性乳房炎的主要病原菌有很大的耐药性。 相似文献
9.
大通县城奶牛乳样中葡萄球菌的分离与鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过细菌分离培养法对大通县城奶牛乳汁样品36份进行金黄色葡萄球菌的分离，并采用金黄色葡萄球菌常规鉴定方法血浆凝固酶试验、甘露醇发酵试验和接触酶试验进行了鉴定，36份乳样中检出金黄色葡萄球菌阳性7份，阳性率为19．7％(7／36)。 相似文献
10.
尽管经过10年的不断研究，家兔流行性肠病（ERE）的病因仍然不清楚，根据最新研究提出了细菌病原说。对参考接种物（TEc4）进行分离是寻找潜在细菌病原的重要步骤。本研究采用两种技术方法分离TEC4：非连续蔗糖梯度离心和细胞吸附。选择两种分离组分接种SPF家兔并用经典细菌学方法进行分析。两种分离组分均能复制出ERE。PCR扩增两种分离组分和3个阴性对照的16S rDNA基因，并用限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）和变性梯度凝胶电泳（DGGE）进行分析。结果表明：致病性和非致病性分离组分的细菌DNA组成有差异，这进一步说明了细菌在ERE病因学中的潜在作用。 相似文献
11.
旨在研究藏猪对饲粮纤维素和半纤维素的消化及其与粪便细菌的相关性,探索藏猪具备较强纤维降解能力的潜在因素。采用消化试验测定150 d放牧藏猪、舍饲藏猪和商品猪（杜×长×大猪,DLY猪）对饲粮纤维的表观消化率。采集粪便样品利用单分子实时测序技术,测定粪便细菌16S rRNA基因全长序列,分析粪便细菌群落的结构和多样性,采用Spearman相关分析获取饲粮纤维表观消化率与粪便中细菌群落的相关性。结果表明,放牧藏猪对饲粮纤维素和半纤维素的表观消化率显著高于舍饲藏猪与DLY猪（P<0.05）。在放牧藏猪、舍饲藏猪与DLY猪粪便细菌中共鉴定出15个门、26个纲、48个目、87个科、190个属、419个种。放牧藏猪粪便细菌中有1个门纤维杆菌门（Fibrobacteres）、3个属拟普雷沃菌属（Alloprevotella）、纤维杆菌属（Fibrobacter）与琥珀酸弧菌属（Succinivibrio）、3个种（Alloprevotella rava、Fibrobacter intestinalis、Succinivibrio dextrinosolvens）相对丰度显著高于舍饲藏猪与DLY猪（P<0.05）,并与饲粮纤维表观消化率呈显著正相关（P<0.05）。综上所述,放牧藏猪具备较强的纤维消化能力,这种能力与粪便中的纤维降解菌密切相关。 相似文献
12.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the transmission of pathogenic respiratory bacteria to thirteen 5-month-old specific pathogen free (SPF) pigs, during the slaughtering process in a commercial slaughterhouse. Before transportation, the SPF pigs and the lorry were checked to confirm the absence of pathogenic respiratory bacteria.
Nine SPF pigs (group 1) were in contact in a conventional slaughterhouse with finishing pigs, during 4 h before slaughtering. Four SPF pigs (group 2) were slaughtered immediately at arrival in the slaughterhouse.
Five bacterial pathogens (Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Pasteurella multocida, Haemophilus parasuis and Streptococcus suis) were detected by PCR, after slaughtering, from nasal cavities, tonsils and trachea in the two groups of pigs. Lung samples were PCR negative. Three and four bacterial species were isolated from the pigs of group 2 and group 1, respectively. Cultures were negative from the lungs.
All the bacterial species present in the SPF pigs were detected by PCR. P. multocida was isolated, from three samples of scalding water before the onset of slaughtering.
Our results suggest that the SPF pigs became contaminated mainly by the slaughterhouse environment and the scalding water. Histological examinations revealed that during scalding, contaminated water could reach the trachea and the lungs of pigs. Checks conducted at slaughter for respiratory disorders have to be carried on, but nasal cavities and tonsils are not appropriate for bacteriological investigations. Moreover, bacteriological results obtained from the lungs of slaughtered pigs have to be used with carefulness. 相似文献
13.
Phillips ND La T Adams PJ Harland BL Fenwick SG Hampson DJ 《Veterinary microbiology》2009,134(3-4):294-299
Feral pigs are recognized as being a potential reservoir of pathogenic microorganisms that can infect domestic pigs and other species. The aim of this study was to investigate whether feral pigs in Western Australia were colonized by the pathogenic enteric bacteria Lawsonia intracellularis, Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and/or Brachyspira pilosicoli. A total of 222 feral pigs from three study-populations were sampled. DNA was extracted from faeces or colonic contents and subjected to a previously described multiplex PCR for the three pathogenic bacterial species. A subset of 61 samples was cultured for Brachyspira species. A total of 42 (18.9%) of the 222 samples were PCR positive for L. intracellularis, 18 (8.1%) for B. hyodysenteriae and 1 (0.45%) for B. pilosicoli. Four samples were positive for both L. intracellularis and B. hyodysenteriae. Samples positive for the latter two pathogens were found in pigs from all three study-sites. A strongly haemolytic B. hyodysenteriae isolate was recovered from one of the 61 cultured samples. Comparison of a 1250-base pair region of the 16S rRNA gene amplified from DNA extracted from the isolate and five of the B. hyodysenteriae PCR positive faecal samples helped confirm these as being from B. hyodysenteriae. This is the first time that B. hyodysenteriae has been detected in feral pigs. As these animals range over considerable distances, they present a potential source of B. hyodysenteriae for any domesticated pigs with which they may come into contact. 相似文献
14.
J C Nietfeld B L Fickbohm D G Rogers C L Franklin L K Riley 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》1999,11(3):252-258
Filamentous, gram-negative bacteria morphologically similar to cilia-associated respiratory (CAR) bacillus of rodents and rabbits were isolated from the tracheas of 5 pigs and 4 calves. All pigs but none of the calves had histologic lesions of chronic tracheitis. In silver-stained histologic sections, CAR bacilli were adhered to the tracheal epithelium of each pig but were not found in the calves. Like CAR bacillus of rats, the bacteria displayed gliding motility and grew only in cell culture or cell culture medium supplemented with fetal serum. Initially, all isolates were contaminated by Mycoplasma spp. This contamination was eliminated from 4 pig isolates by limiting dilutions, and mycoplasma-free isolates were used to intranasally inoculate gnotobiotic pigs and CAR bacillus-free mice and rats and to immunize guinea pigs. The gnotobiotic pigs remained healthy, and when they were necropsied 4 and 7 weeks after infection no macroscopic or microscopic lesions were found in the respiratory tract. However, CAR bacillus was isolated at both times from the nasal cavities and tracheas of inoculated pigs, and the ciliated tracheal epithelium of infected pigs necropsied 7 weeks after infection was colonized by low numbers of CAR bacillus-like bacteria. The rats and mice remained healthy through week 12 postinoculation, and evidence of short- or long-term colonization was not detected by histologic examination or culture. When used as primary antibody for immunohistochemical staining, sera from guinea pigs immunized with pig CAR bacillus specifically stained CAR bacilli colonizing the respiratory epithelium of naturally infected pigs, whereas sera collected prior to immunization failed to react with the bacteria. These results indicate that CAR bacilli are unlikely to be primary pathogens of pigs or cattle and that rodents do not act as reservoirs. 相似文献
15.
B.S. Gill L.A. Devriese F. Portaels L. Van Den Breen W. Coussement 《Veterinary microbiology》1982,7(2):157-164
Branched, weakly acid fast organisms were isolated from 5 of 112 caseous lymph nodes derived from slaughter-house pigs. In two cases they were associated with typical Mycobacterium avium strains. The bacteria differed from all other mycobacteria known at present. Limited experiments in pigs with one strain failed to disclose a possible pathogenic role in the host species although this strain was pathogenic for mice. Tests with this and three other strains showed that all four were apathogenic for chickens. 相似文献
16.
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent Pasteurellaceae other than Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Haemophilus parasuis are frequently isolated from the respiratory tract of pigs. The taxonomic classification and relevance for pathogenicity of these bacteria deserves further attention. In the present study, 107 of these NAD-dependent isolates from the porcine respiratory tract, primarily from lungs with pathological changes, were investigated. On the basis of phenotypic criteria, such as haemolysis, urease, catalase, and indole formation as well as other fermentative activities, 50 of the isolates were assigned to Actinobacillus minor, 36 isolates to Actinobacillus porcinus and 21 isolates to Actinobacillus indolicus. However, many isolates among the three species showed fermentative activities differing from those of the respective type strain of the species. Serotyping on the basis of heat-stable polysaccharide antigens and 16 rDNA sequencing also revealed substantial heterogeneity within each of the three species although they clustered together in three distinct groups in the phylogenetic analysis. These three groups of NAD-dependent bacteria are different from, or in a borderline position, to the existing species or genera within the family Pasteurellaceae. A considerable number of isolates of these three groups were isolated in pure cultures from pneumonic lungs. Consequently, it will be necessary to critically review the opinion, that these NAD-dependent Pasteurellaceae are only "agents colonizing the mucosa". Further, taxonomic examinations of the strains within these three groups are indispensable to testing isolates for their virulence in gnotobiotic pigs. 相似文献
17.
Species-specific DNA probes for Campylobacter species isolated from pigs with proliferative enteritis 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Cloned, chromosomal DNA probes from porcine isolates of Campylobacter hyointestinalis and C. mucosalis were developed for the detection and identification of these putative swine enteric pathogens. High molecular weight chromosomal DNA from each species was used to construct genomic libraries in plasmids. Recombinants were selected which hybridized strongly to the homologous organism, but not to any other species of Campylobacter. Species-specific recombinants were labeled with phosphorus-32 and tested for sensitivity by dot blot hybridization to various dilutions of DNA and bacteria from each swine species, including C. hyointestinalis, C. mucosalis, C. coli and C. jejuni. Specificity was tested by hybridizing these probes against various strains of C. hyointestinalis or C. mucosalis, and against reference strains of all other described Campylobacter species. A C. hyointestinalis-specific probe and a C. mucosalis-specific probe were identified which were capable of detecting 1 ng of DNA or 10(4) cfu by bacterial spot blotting on nylon membranes. These probes hybridized to intestinal mucosal scrapings containing C. hyointestinalis and C. mucosalis obtained from pigs with proliferative enteritis, but not to material from normal pigs. Thus, cloned, chromosomal DNA probes may be useful in the detection and identification of bacteria involved in swine proliferative enteritis. 相似文献
18.
S E Sanford 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》1991,3(4):328-333
Segmented filamentous bacteria were seen attached to apical villous enterocytes of the terminal ileum in 15 of 2,766 live pigs submitted for necropsy over a 6-year period. Infected pigs ranged in age from 2 to 13 weeks. All pigs except 2, however, were greater than 4 weeks old and had been weaned. All infected pigs came from conventional commercial herds with intensive, all-indoor, confinement rearing management systems. The bacteria were gram negative or gram variable and were not associated with any clinical disease. Bacteria were more commonly attached to epithelium on the dome villi in the ileum. Electron microscopic examination revealed organisms composed of a cranial segment with a nipple-like appendage and several other segments making up elongated filaments of various lengths. Each filament was divided into segments by transverse septa. The nipple-like appendage served as an attachment apparatus by indenting the enterocyte surface without physically penetrating it. Occasionally, the colonizing bacterium was itself colonized by small rod-shaped bacteria that completely surrounded the filament. 相似文献
19.
Rana Kobayashi Kentaro Nagaoka Naomichi Nishimura Satoshi Koike Eiki Takahashi Kimie Niimi Harutaka Murase Teruo Kinjo Takamitsu Tsukahara Ryo Inoue 《Animal Science Journal》2020,91(1)
Fecal microbiota in seven different monogastric animal species, elephant, horse, human, marmoset, mouse, pig and, rat were compared using the same analytical protocol of 16S rRNA metagenome. Fecal microbiota in herbivores showed higher alpha diversity than omnivores except for pigs. Additionally, principal coordinate analysis based on weighted UniFrac distance demonstrated that herbivores and pigs clustered together, whereas other animal species were separately aggregated. In view of butyrate‐ and lactate‐producing bacteria, predominant genera were different depending on animal species. For example, the abundance of Faecalibacterium, a known butyrate producer, was 8.02% ± 3.22% in human while it was less than 1% in other animal species. Additionally, Bifidobacterium was a predominant lactate producer in human and marmoset, while it was rarely detected in other omnivores. The abundance of lactate‐producing bacteria in herbivores was notably lower than omnivores. On the other hand, herbivores as well as pig possess Fibrobacter, a cellulolytic bacterium. This study demonstrated that fecal microbiota in herbivorous animals is similar, sharing some common features such as higher alpha diversity and higher abundance of cellulolytic bacterium. On the other hand, omnivorous animals seem to possess unique fecal microbiota. It is of interest that pigs, although omnivore, have fecal microbiota showing some common features with herbivores. 相似文献
20.
Pulmonary bacterial deposition and clearance during ascarid larval migration in weanling pigs. 
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下载免费PDF全文 Pulmonary deposition and clearance of bacteria were measured in weanling pigs, half of which had been inoculated at age 31 days with larvated Ascaris suum ova. Seven days later, when breathing signs of larval migration were pronounced, all pigs were exposed to aerosolized Escherichia coli (strain B). Then, either immediately after aerosol exposure (for deposition assessment) or immediately after a 120 minute period in filtered air (for clearance), bacteria in the pigs' lungs were counted. Ascarid ova-inoculated pigs did not differ significantly from control pigs for number of bacteria in the lungs after aerosol exposure, but after the 120 minute clearance period they had 7.2 times more than did the control pigs. Thus, in weanling pigs, the breathing-pattern changes that were evident during ascarid-larval migration did not affect pulmonary deposition of inhaled bacteria significantly, but the presence of ascarid larvae in the lungs was associated with impaired pulmonary bacterial clearance. 相似文献