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通过田间氮磷钾肥配比试验,分别建立了“青杂3号”大白菜经济产量、施肥利润与氮磷钾肥施用量之间的数学模型,解析寻优表明：当施肥量（N、P2O5、K2O）分别为500.7、116.4和257.7 kg/hm2时,大白菜经济产量最高,达116400.2 kg/hm2;而施肥量分别为489.8、110.0和240.3 kg/hm2时,施肥利润最佳,为134884.02元/hm2。同时试验也表明,施肥量对大白菜品质有显著的影响,维生素C、还原糖和总糖含量与施N量之间呈极显著或显著的负相关,与施P、施K量之间则呈一定程度的正相关;而相反的硝酸盐含量则与N施用量呈一定程度的正相关,与施P、施K用量之间呈显著的负相关。 相似文献
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"阳光"牌有机肥在大白菜上肥效试验初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过“阳光”牌有机肥在大白菜上的施用效果试验,结果表明:施用“阳光”牌有机肥与单施等养分化肥相对比,亩增产大白菜236.8kg,增幅12.8%,经T检测差异达显著水平;平均结球率提高6.6%。 相似文献
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鄂东二号是我所从地方群体茶园中进行单株选育而来的特早芽茶树新品种，１９９５年通过了湖北省农作物品种审定委员会审定命名。通过多年的试验的观察和分析，鄂东二号与福鼎大白菜（对照）比较；其春季开采期早７￣１０天，秋季休眠期晚１０天以上；３年合计增产３２．５５％，多酚类及水浸物含量高，制红茶品质优良，制绿茶品质一般，抗寒性稍弱，抗旱性弱，谈品种适于在生产上发展一批早茶，老青茶，红茶联合生产茶园，以调节茶叶 相似文献
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武平县灰黄泥田大白菜“3414”肥料效应试验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过田间对比试验,研究了武平县大白菜种植地主要土壤类型灰黄泥田施氮、磷、钾肥效及其适宜用量。结果表明:土壤基础肥力对大白菜产量的平均贡献率为51.56%;施用氮、磷、钾肥与缺素区相比平均分别增产67.05%、39.21%和48.94%,增产效果为N>K>P。灰黄泥田种植大白菜的三要素平均经济施肥量为N 18.36kg/666.67m2、P2O55.62kg/666.67m2和K2O 15.87 kg/666.67m2,经济产量为3334.84 kg/666.67m2,三要素最佳比例为1:0.3:0.86。 相似文献
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塑料地膜的广泛应用，对农作物增产、农民增收效果显著。但长期使用，其不易降解，环境“白色污染”已引起了世界各国的关注和忧虑。应用推广环保型麻地膜，对作物产量影响如何？为此，我们在大白菜上进行了栽培试验。现将试验结果简报如下： 相似文献
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大白菜黑腐病是严重危害北方地区大白菜生产的重要病害之一,尤其是近几年来,北方地区的黑腐病发病程度和发病机率呈明显上升态势.病株不仅使产量降低,还十分不利于大白菜的冬季储存.该文探讨了大白菜黑腐病在北方地区的发病规律及防治方法,为大白菜无公害生产提供科学依据. 相似文献
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通过4水平氮肥田间小区试验,研究了大白菜氮肥施用的产量效应。结果表明,不同施氮处理大白菜产量均极显著高于不施氮处理,优化施氮区平均产量最高,达到4866 kg/666.67m2,而无氮区（ CK）大白菜的平均产量最低,为2627 kg/666.67m2,增产85.2%,差异达极显著水平;优化施氮区比70%施氮区增产9.0%,差异达极显著水平;130%施氮区与优化施氮区产量差异不显著。施肥极显著影响大白菜对氮素的吸收,适宜的氮肥施用量可以提高植株对氮素的吸收。优化施氮处理与无氮区（CK）对比氮素吸收量增加4.79 kg/666.67m2,增幅85.4%。采用差减法对不同施氮处理进行氮肥利用率计算,70%施氮处理氮肥利用率最高其次为优化施氮处理,最次为130%施氮处理。 相似文献
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马铃薯淀粉制备条件对淀粉主要品质特性的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
以马铃薯品种克新12号和晋薯11号为供试材料,研究试验用水和块茎捣碎时间对马铃薯淀粉主要品质特性的影响,优化实验室提取淀粉的工艺参数。试验结果显示,块茎捣碎时间对淀粉糊化温度、峰值粘度温度、峰值粘度、崩解值和回升值品质指标影响较小,而试验用水对上述品质特性有明显的影响。蒸馏水和去离子水所制备的淀粉品质特性明显优于硬水制备的淀粉。不同试验用水和块茎捣碎时间对直链淀粉的含量影响无明显规律。因此,在实验室制备少量淀粉时,要获得精确度高、有代表性的淀粉品质特性数据,要严格选择试验用水,至少选用蒸馏水。 相似文献
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为探明化肥的减施并增施有机肥对甘蓝生长的影响,改善因施用过量化肥导致的蔬菜品质下降、肥料利用率降低和土地盐碱化等问题。本试验在冬闲田种植条件下,以鸡心甘蓝‘探春’为试验材料,采用田间小区（100%化肥、75%化肥+25%有机肥、50%化肥+50%有机肥）试验方法研究化肥减量及有机肥增施对甘蓝生长、品质以及土壤状况的影响。结果表明,化肥减量同时增施一定量有机肥对甘蓝产量和生物量无显著影响;随着有机肥施用量的增加,甘蓝横径有显著增加;随着有机肥施用比重的增加,硝酸盐含量逐渐从26.3 mg/kg降至17.7 mg/kg,亚硝酸盐含量从0.86 mg/kg降至0.60 mg/kg;同时土壤放线菌数量显著提高至300.99×104CFU/g,土壤真菌数量显著降低至149.99×103CFU/g;减施化肥显著提高了土壤pH（土壤pH提高至7.03）,土壤有机质含量无显著变化。可见,有机肥部分替代化肥可满足甘蓝生长过程中对肥料的需求,T50处理的甘蓝能够在化肥减量50%的情况下保持产量与品质不下降,同时提高土壤状况与放线菌数量,是相同条件下冬闲田甘蓝栽培一种稳产合理的施肥模式。 相似文献
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J. E. Brown T. Y. Lu C. Stevens V. A. Khan J. Y. Lu C. L. Wilson D. J. Collins M. A. Wilson E. C. K. Igwegbe E. Chalutz S. Droby 《Crop Protection》2001,20(10):61-883
Low doses of hormetic (n. hormesis) ultraviolet light-C (UV-C) seed treatments were used to elicit host resistance to black rot, and improve the quality and growth response of cabbages in greenhouse studies. Different UV-C doses (1.3 to 7.5 kJ m−2) were tested to determine their ability to induce resistance to black rot. The optimum UV-C dose of 3.6 kJ m−2 was effective in reducing black rot and the population density of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris in infected cabbage leaves. Seeds treated with UV-C at 3.6 kJ m−2 produced plants with the most desirable color, highest weight, largest head diameter and delayed maturity. The effect of storage time at room temperature on disease incidence of black rot of cabbage from seeds treated with a low hormetic UV-C dose of 3.6 kJ m−2, was 90%, 40%, 60% and 60% reduction of black rot in plants from UV-C treated seeds stored for 2 days, 1, 5, and 8 months, respectively, 8 weeks after transplanting cabbage plants. 相似文献
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以紫甘蓝品种‘紫辉甘蓝’为试材,在南方塑料大棚内密闭式光照植物培养架中,采用新型LED光源研究了不同光质对紫甘蓝幼苗生长的影响,试验共设置6个处理:R(红)、B(蓝)、8R2B(红光∶蓝光=8∶2)、5R5B(红光∶蓝光=5∶5)、2R8B(红光∶蓝光=2∶8)和荧光灯(对照CK)。结果表明:(1)在8R2B处理下,紫甘蓝幼苗地下部鲜重、地上部鲜重、单株鲜重、株高、根体积、根总表面积和根投影面积均最大;(2)与CK相比,不同光质处理均提高了幼苗叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素的含量,以2R8B处理最高;(3)与CK相比,除R处理的幼苗可溶性蛋白质含量降低外,其它处理均有助于幼苗可溶性蛋白质含量的积累,以8R2B处理最高;(4)可溶性糖含量以R处理最高;(5)与CK相比,各光质处理均显著降低了幼苗MDA含量,以B处理效果最显著,8R2B和5R5B次之;(6)各光质处理对紫甘蓝幼苗叶片脯氨酸含量的影响与CK相比无显著性差异。 相似文献
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为了解决山东济宁市夏播甜叶菊生长周期短、产量低的问题,探索了甜叶菊与秋白菜、萝卜、大蒜、圆葱、甘蓝及马铃薯等蔬菜接茬种植模式的关键栽培技术。 相似文献
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[目的]为大白菜高产、优质、经济施肥提供科学依据。[方法]以津秋1号为试材,设8个处理,采用随机区组排列,研究不同氮肥用量对保护地大白菜产量、产值、产投比、净效益和硝酸盐含量等的影响。[结果]在保护地大白菜生产过程中增施适当的氮肥具有明显的增产效果,产值、产投比与净效益也相应增加,过量施用氮肥产量、产值、产投比和净效益均下降;在不施氮磷钾化学肥料的条件下,增施有机肥,增产效果明显;增施氮肥,硝酸盐含量也随之增加,当增加到一定程度时,硝酸盐含量基本保持不变。[结论]仪征市大白菜最佳施氮量为750.0 kg/hm2,此时产量为104 746.9 kg/hm2,净效益为45 330.8元/hm2,产投比为4.0。 相似文献
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寒地水稻折衷直播栽培技术研究——Ⅳ供氧剂的配制与应用效果 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
通过供氧剂配方、用量及田间试验的研究,明确供氧剂对直播稻出苗率、秧苗素质和田间生长的影响。结果表明:供氧剂最佳配方为过氧化钙∶粘合剂∶填充物=16∶12∶72,用量为75%,出苗率达到90%以上,比不包衣提高12.2%,产量增加9.6%。 相似文献
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Gunnar Weisaeth 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1976,26(1-3):167-190
In judging the value of the varieties and the quality of the edible part one should not forget that the resistance must also be present in other parts of the plant in order to reach the edible portion at all. This is so with diseases of the vascular system in roots, stems and leaves e.g.Fusarium, Plasmodiophora or cabbage fly as the agent of damage. In: Disease resistance in the vegetable crops, III Walker (1964) surveys also the situation in cabbage. Since then our knowledge of the club-root causing fungusPlasmodiophora has risen from 6–7 to at least 16 physiological races.A satisfactory source for club-root resistance in cabbage we only found in plants with pink anthocyanin pigmentation. The inheritance for colour is under complementary genetic control. Sometimes, however, the synthesis of colour is blocked by inhibitors in spite of the presence of a dominant colour gene. We have made use of this breeding pink-free heads.In spite of work on the antocyanin problem in cabbage over the last 20 years, I have been unable to bread white-headed plants which have as good disease resistance as plants with pink colouration in their interiors. In some other plant varieties one can find a similar relationship between disease resistance and anthocyanin colour in particular in the seed. I therefore feel justified to draw attention to the anthocyanin problem. It is also known that the presence of isothiocyanates and similar S-compounds can affect the disease resistance level in the plant. Sulphur containing compounds which co-determined the flavour and odour of the cabbage should be investigated for their influence upon disease resistance before one attempt to change drastically or even reduce them. We also discuss uneveness of the waxy layer in relation to quality and to disease resistance.Attempts were made to crosscauliflower with club-root resistantcabbage in order to obtain better disease resistance in cauliflowerlike plants. Slides are shown which demonstrate the quality problems 12–15 years after crossing, and the difficulties of breeding for cauliflower headlets were often obtained along the stump, but terminal head positions were rare. Quality-wise this cauliflower had more leaves inside the curd than usual. The breeding material segregates also for colour. Better cold — and frost — resistance was observed. If one does not follow up such observations one can lose a lot of disease resistance potential from the breeding material.
Paper presented at the Congress of the International Association for Quality Research on food Plants (CIQ) held in common with the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Qualitätsforschung (Pflanzliche Nahrungsmittel) (DGQ) in Wädenswil, Switzerland, Oktober 1975. 相似文献
Paper presented at the Congress of the International Association for Quality Research on food Plants (CIQ) held in common with the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Qualitätsforschung (Pflanzliche Nahrungsmittel) (DGQ) in Wädenswil, Switzerland, Oktober 1975. 相似文献