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1.
A survey on the frequency of hydatid disease in animals slaughtered in Cairo abattoir revealed that the percentage in camels, sheep, pigs, cows and buffaloes attained 31.0%, 1.33%, 4.62%, 0.0% and 0.0% respectively. In camels and pigs the lungs were the main predilection sites of hydatid cysts, while in sheep the liver was the most infested organ. The wall thickness of the cysts was different according to the host species and the location of the cyst. The parasitic membrane of the cysts collected from camels consisted of two layers, an outer layer rich with mucopolysaccharides, and an inner germinal layer; some of its cells were rich with glycogen others were charged with lipids; the latter were mainly concentrated at the origin of the brood capsule. Hydatid cysts from camels showed a large number of calcareous bodies which stained deeply with both von Kossa stain and alcian blue stain. The majority of the examined cysts from sheep showed non-fertile germinal membranes. The most characteristic feature observed in the cysts collected from pigs was the presence of large amounts of fat droplets.  相似文献   

2.
During routine necropsy of a 28-year-old horse with intestinal volvulus, numerous hydatid cysts were discovered in the liver. Viable protoscolices of Echinococcus granulosus were obtained from the cyst. As a 4-year-old, this horse had been imported from an area that is enzootic for equine hydatidosis.  相似文献   

3.
Hydatidosis is one of the most important zoonotic diseases with a worldwide distribution and it seems that the survival of Echinococcus granulosus in nature for many years, is due to having different mechanisms to escape from the host immune systems. One of these efficient mechanisms is the production of various antigens and proteins by the larva of the parasite and the main purpose of this study is evaluation of manifestation of various antigens in different parts of intermediate host. The hepatic and pulmonary hydatid cysts were gathered from sheep and the antigens of different parts of the cysts (laminated layer, protoscolices and cyst fluid) were separated and analyzed by SDS-PAGE and then transferred to nitrocellulose paper and finally, Western blot analysis was evaluated the immunogenicity of proteins. The antigens of laminated layer, protoscolices and hydatid cyst fluid, in different tissues of the liver and lungs, manifest various proteins and also these antigens are immunogenically different. Also, it is found more immunogenic proteins in the laminated layer than the other parts of the cysts. The various proteins are generated by Echinococcus granulosus larva depending on the type of tissues attacked by the parasite. Increasing the chance of survival may be the main cause of manifestation various antigens in different parts of cysts and host tissues. These antigenic variations might have made diagnostic serologic test unreliable.  相似文献   

4.
对97例猪肝棘球蚴进行了系统的病理形态学观察,同时对其中3例作了扫描和透射电镜观察。病理学检查,均为单房型棘球蚴;采取囊液离心作头节检查,仅少部分有原头蚴。棘球蚴囊壁分为两层,内层(或胚层)较薄,伊红着染,外层为较厚的角质层,伊红淡染,呈无构造板层状结构。两层内无血管。PAS反应均为阳性。虫体周围常有变态反应性炎,形成寄生虫性肉穿肿,为本病的特征性病变。陈旧性肉芽肿中心无血管。肝组织是慢性间质性炎或肝硬化。透射电镜观察,胚层有很多生发层细胞呈指状突起的囊腔,其内有大量糖原颗粒和电子密度高的类核结构。胚层向角质层释放小颗粒样物质,角质层呈纤维网状。扫描电镜观察,胚层及内含物有生发囊、子囊和无机盐。角质层断面呈纤维网状,其外面有排列整齐的低柱状突起,形成有规则的皱褶,形如脑回状,表面密布较长的微绒毛。  相似文献   

5.
In the present study, 115 stray dogs (56 males and 59 females, mixed breed), 86 golden jackal (Canis aureus, 42 males and 44 females), 60 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes, 33 males and 27 females), and three female wolves (Canis lupus) were examined for Echinococcus granulosus infection, as well as, 32,898 sheep, 10,691 goats, 15,779 cattle and 659 buffaloes for hydatid infection from five provinces in western Iran during 3 years (1997-2000). Meanwhile fertility rates of different types and forms of cysts isolated from infected animals and the viability of protoscolices were also determined. Results indicated that 19.1% of the dogs, 2.3% of the golden jackals and 5% of the red foxes were infected with Echinococcus granulosus. 11.1% of the sheep, 6.3% of the goats, 16.4% of the cattle and 12.4% of the buffaloes were also found to be infected with hydatid cyst. The cysts isolated from liver and lungs of the sheep show higher fertility rate than the cysts of liver and lungs of goats, cattle and buffaloes.  相似文献   

6.
Hydatidosis caused by Echinococcus granulosus is a major zoonotic diseases. In addition to imposing heavy economic losses, the disease is a public health problem worldwide. The larval stage of the parasite (hydatid cyst) is formed in a wide range of domestic, wild and human beings as intermediate hosts. On the other, its recurrence has been reported anywhere as a reemerging disease. Although the cysts have some evading mechanisms, both human TH1 and TH2 cells subsets are stimulated. Because of increasing resistance and adverse effects of medications such as abnormalities of liver and other organs functions and abdominal pain, seeking alternative therapeutic approaches to be inexpensive, easy available, with low side effects and toxicity seems essential. However, the lack of information on the social and economic welfares of herbal medicines for the industrial scale application is a limitation. Zataria Multiflora bois (ZMB) has exhibited huge advantages and tremendous protoscolicidal effects as demonstrated by numerous studies and its combination therapies with anti-parasitic drugs have exerted desirable outcomes in vitro and in vivo. Noticeably, the compound confers negligible side effects or toxicity even at high concentrations. ZMB has exhibited promising inhibitory effects against hydatid cyst, particularly when combined with chemical drugs and in formulations of nanoemulsions. Its immunomodulatory effects include increase of nitric oxide production (NO) and protection of hepatic cells (Kupffer cells, fat-storing cells, and endothelial cells), enhancement of macrophages and T cells and increase of cytokines production. This study aimed at assessment of ZMB traits for application against hydatid cyst protoscolices.  相似文献   

7.
Two large cysts recovered from the abdominal cavity of a domestic chicken superficially resembled hydatid cysts of Echinococcus spp. No protoscolices were present. Microscopic examination of the internal lining of one of the cysts revealed a single cuboidal to columnar, ciliated epithelium, leading to a diagnosis of oviduct cysts. Earlier records of hydatids of fowl are reviewed.  相似文献   

8.
The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of lufenuron, a benzylphenylurea with ability to interfere with the formation of insect exoskeleton, as a therapeutic drug for larval echinococcosis (hydatid disease). For this purpose lufenuron, alone or in combination with albendazole, was administered to CD1 mice bearing Echinococcus granulosus hydatid cysts in the peritoneal cavity. Neither of the drugs alone was able to exert parasiticidal effects. However, in combination with albendazole, lufenuron reduced the growth of cysts (30-40% in cyst diameter respect to control, p<0.05). This effect was associated with ultrastructural alterations of the hydatid cyst wall and a reduction of the content of myo-inositol-hexakisphosphate, the major component of the electron dense granules of the laminated layer. Overall, this work provides evidence that lufenuron could represent a useful compound for the use in chemotherapy against larval echinococcosis, by enhancing albendazole parasiticidal activity.  相似文献   

9.
Unilocular hydatid disease in humans is of world-wide importance. While surgical removal is the usual treatment, the drug mebendazole has been reported as being active against the cyst wall; other potentially valuable drugs are likely to become available. Naturally infected sheep would be a suitable model for testing drugs against hydatid disease, and a method for selecting infected animals from flocks in areas with a high incidence of this condition would be valuable. To determine whether radiographic examinaiton of the thorax would be a satisfactory method of identifying cysts, the authors radiographed and then killed 93 cull ewes. At necropsy, the lungs were examined, and the nature and distribution of cysts were noted and compared with the findings obtained separately by radiology. A similar study was made on a sheep infected experimentally with a large number of Echinococcus granulosus ova. The technique of thoracic radiography in sheep is described. These studies indicate that there are four different morphologic manifestations of ovine hydatid cyst that may be reliably identified by radiologic examination. They also show that thoracic radiology provides a method for detecting active hydatid infection in sheep and for following the progress of individual cysts.  相似文献   

10.
The aim of this study was to examine the longest survival time of Echinococcus granulosus protoscolices stored at different humidities and constant temperatures from -10 to +40 degrees C. Sheep livers containing hydatid cysts obtained from slaughterhouses were taken to the laboratory within 3h and transferred into incubation cabinet previously set at -10, 0, +10, +20, +30 and +40 degrees C with different relative humidity (RH). Viability of protoscolices was assessed by 0.1% eosin staining. The longest survival times were 3 days at -10 degrees C (50% RH), 36 days at 0 degrees C (60% RH), 28 days at 10 degrees C (65% RH), 12 days at 20 degrees C (70% RH), 4 days at 30 degrees C (75% RH) and 3 days at 40 degrees C (80% RH).  相似文献   

11.
本研究旨在观察羊脑包虫病CT、MRI的特征性影像学表现。选择3只表现出脑包虫病典型症状的新疆细毛羊进行神经学检查及血常规、血清生化检查。对其中2只羊头部进行CT和MRI扫查。最后进行病理剖检,观察病理解剖变化。动物神经学检查发现动物出现眼球震颤,双侧眼睑反射、角膜反射减弱,动物的翻正反应、双侧独轮车反应存在异常;血常规和血清生化检查结果无明显异常;CT影像可见颅内数量不等囊性低密度影,内部CT值与脑脊液相近,边界清晰,有占位效应,囊壁分布大量点状中等到高密度的原头节影像,其余脑组织未见明显异常密度影像。MRI影像可见颅内数量不等囊性病灶,T1WI低信号,T2WI高信号,与脑脊液信号相近,可见沿囊壁分布大量点状T1等信号,T2低信号的原头节影像,病灶周围未见明显异常信号。病理剖检可见充满澄清囊液的寄生虫包囊,内含有数量不等的原头节。寄生虫包囊位置与影像学检查结果一致。结果说明羊脑包虫病具有特征性的CT和MRI影像学表现,影像学诊断方法可准确定位寄生虫包囊数量和位置,显示病灶累及周围组织的情况,有助于手术治疗计划的制定。  相似文献   

12.
Spleen hydatidosis in sheep from north Jordan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
A total of 380 ewes of different age groups were inspected for spleen hydatidosis during the summer of 1985. Of these, 7.6% had cysts in the spleen. There was an increase in the prevalence of the disease with increasing age of the animal, reaching 11.8% in greater than or equal to 8-year-old ewes. Out of all the animals with spleen hydatidosis, 61.5% were found to have fertile cysts and, when classified, 46.7% were found to be fertile with a mean total number of protoscolices of 13.4 x 10(3) per cyst. The majority of the protoscolices were found to be viable (74%). Spleen hydatidosis which is mainly solitary seems to be secondary to the involvement of the liver or the liver and lung simultaneously. The importance of these aspects of spleen hydatidosis are discussed.  相似文献   

13.
In the current study, soluble proteins prepared from 200 mature Echinococcus granulosus and protoscolices of sheep hydatid cysts were applied to immunize sheep and mice respectively. The samples were mechanically homogenized in a blender, sonicated and the final yield was maintained at -20 degrees C until analysis. Hydatid fluid was isolated from liver or lung of sheep under sterile conditions. In the first experiment, 15 mice were randomly allocated to three groups of five mice each. Each mouse in groups 1 and 2 was immunized with 100 microg of hydatid fluid and protoscolex proteins in 100 microl of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and emulsified with an equal volume of Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) respectively. The mice of group 3 were immunized with adjuvant in PBS. The mice were boosted 4 weeks after the first vaccination with the same preparation except that FCA was replaced by Freund's incomplete adjuvant (FIA). In the second experiment, eight male or female lambs 4-6 months of age, were allocated to two groups of four lambs each. Each lamb in the test group was vaccinated subcutaneously in the neck with a 2-ml dose of vaccine (1 mg of whole body protein of E. granulosus dissolved in 1 ml of PBS plus 1 ml of FCA). Control lambs were vaccinated with adjuvant in PBS. Lambs were boosted the same way as in the first experiment. Three weeks after the second vaccination, each mouse and lamb received a challenge infection with 2000 protoscolices intraperitoneally and each lamb additionally received 10 gravid E. granulosus. All mice and sheep were killed after 7 months and examined for hydatid cysts. In these studies, protective immunity was induced in mice with protoscolex protein and with hydatid fluid, and in sheep with whole-body homogenate of E. granulosus and the levels of protection afforded were found to be 72.1, 82.6 and 90.9% respectively.  相似文献   

14.
Fresh preparations of micro-isolated sarcocysts from skeletal and cardiac muscle of 12 reindeer were examined by light microscopy. On the basis of cyst structure and cyst wall structure 4 Sarcocystis spp. could be differentiated. New names have been proposed for 2 previously unnamed Sarcocystis spp. of reindeer, and S. grueneri has been redefined.S. rangiferi n. sp. had macroscopic cysts in skeletal muscle measuring 2106×403 µm. The cyst wall protrusions were finger-like and measured 13.2×6.7 µm. The cysts were surrounded by a layer of fibrillar material.S. tarandi n. sp. had micro- to macroscopic cysts primarily in skeletal muscle, but a few cysts were found in the heart of one animal. In skeletal muscle the cysts measured 999×75µm; in the heart the cysts were shorter and wider. The cyst wall protrusions were fingerlike and measured 9.2×2.2 µm.S. grueneri had micro- to macroscopic cysts in cardiac muscle measuring 581×137 µm. The cyst wall was thin and relatively smooth with no visible protrusions.Sarcocystis sp. had micro- to macroscopic, slender cysts in skeletal muscle measuring 916×64 µm. The cyst wall had tightly packed, short, knob-like protrusions. The cysts of this species were previously classified as cysts of S. grueneri.  相似文献   

15.
A passive surveillance study was conducted from April 2012 to April 2013 to determine the incidence, the affect of age, sex and cyst location, fertility, and viability on the occurrence of cystic hydatidosis in slaughtered goats from six municipal abattoirs around Oman. Morphologic characterization of suspected visceral organs has shown that Echinococcos granulosus (E. granulosus) metacestodes were present in 9.2 % of the total samples (682). Incidence (per 10,000) varied from 1.4 to 1.5. There was a significant difference between abattoirs, with Salalah having the highest infection (63.2 %), followed by Nizwa (27.2 %), Al Buraimi (10.8 %), Bousher (7.2 %), and the lowest in Sohar (1.6 %). Infection was significantly higher in indigenous goats (22.1 %) compared with imported breeds (2.5 %) from Somalia. The visceral organs were found harboring one or more hydatid cysts. Greatest cyst infection was recorded in lungs (53.4 %), followed by heart (50 %), liver (6.2 %), and multiple organs (14 %). A significant difference was observed between females (25 %) and male goats (6 %). Furthermore, the fertility of the hydatid cysts was found higher in heart and lungs (100 %, 51.6 %) and the viability rate of protoscolices was high (64 %). The findings of this study demonstrated that cystic hydatidosis is common and widely distributed in local goats, and they might play an important role in the life cycle and transmission of this zoonosis in Oman.  相似文献   

16.
The study was carried out from July 2007 to June 2008 in Wolaita Sodo Abattoir to assess the status of hydatidosis in cattle. Routine meat inspection, hydatid cyst count and characterization were conducted. Out of 400 cattle slaughtered in Wolaita Sodo Abattoir 64 (16%) animals were found harboring hydatid cysts. Thorough meat inspection in the abattoir revealed that 74 visceral organ were found harboring one or more hydatid cysts. The infection of the lung, liver, spleen and kidney were found to be 45.94% 45.94%, 6.75% and 1.35% respectively. From the total of 283 hydatid cysts counted 153(54.06%), 17(6.00%), 5(1.76%), 108(38.16%) were found to be small, medium, large and calcified cysts respectively and 170(60.28%), 5(1.76%) and 108(38.16%) were sterile, fertile and calcified cysts respectively. The rate of cyst calcification was higher in the liver than in the lung while fertility rate was higher among the cysts of the lung. Hydatid cyst viability rate of 40% was observed.  相似文献   

17.
A thirteen year old neutered female Domestic Shorthair cat with oral squamous cell carcinoma was noted to have a cranial mediastinal mass on survey thoracic radiographs. Fluoroscopic aspiration was performed and cystic fluid was obtained which was clear colorless, and devoid of cells, with a specific gravity of 1.005 and protein <2.5 mg/dl. On postmortem examination, a unilocular cyst was identified originating from the external lateral surface of the cranial mediastinum. Histologically, the cyst lining was nonciliated and resembled mesothelium. These findings differentiate this cyst from previously reported branchial cysts in cats where the cysts were multiloculated, the cyst fluid was mucinous and cellular, and the cysts were lined by ciliated columnar epithelial cells.  相似文献   

18.
Cutaneous trichilemmal cysts were recognized in 3 dogs. The lesions were multiple, asymptomatic, and occurred over the dorsal lumbar, lateral thoracic, dorsal neck, and cranial carpal regions. These cysts were not accompanied by other disease processes, and did not recur following surgical excision. Histologically, the trichilemmal cyst is characterized by trichilemmal differentiation of the entire cyst wall, and the formation of a predominantly amorphous and nonlaminated keratin in the cyst cavity.  相似文献   

19.
Various chemical scolicidal agents have been used for inactivation of hydatid cyst protoscolices, but most of them are associated with adverse side effects. Since ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi) has been shown to have a number of medicinal properties, in this study the scolicidal effect of the essential oil (EO) from the fruits of this herbal plant was investigated. Ajowan EO was obtained by hydrodistillation method. Gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were employed to determine the chemical composition of the EO. Protoscoleces were exposed to various concentrations of EO (3, 5 and 10mg/mL) for 10, 20, 30, and 60 min. Viability of protoscolices was confirmed by 0.1% eosin staining. A total of 18 compounds representing 99.54% of the total oil, were identified. Thymol (50.07%), γ-terpinene (23.92%), and p-cymene (22.9%) were found to be the major EO constituents. While the mortality rate of protoscolices in the control group was 6.67%, scolicidal power of ajowan EO at concentration of 3mg/mL was 31.34, 35.98, 45.17, and 51.58% after 10, 20, 30, and 60 min, respectively. The EO at concentration of 5mg/mL killed 51.89, 72.20, 88.64, and 100% of protoscolices after 10, 20, 30, and 60 min, respectively. One hundred percent scolicidal activity was observed with ajowan EO at concentration of 10mg/mL after 10 min of exposure. The results of this study revealed that the EO of ajowan is rich in thymol, γ-terpinene and p-cymene, has high scolicidal power and it may be used as a natural scolicidal agent.  相似文献   

20.
The study aimed at identifying the occurrence of hydatidosis in slaughter buffaloes and helminth eggs, particularly Taenia spp. eggs in stray dogs' fecal samples in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. The study period was from November, 2004 to April, 2005. A total of 500 buffalo carcasses in a slaughterhouse, at the riversides and individual butchers'sites were examined for the presence of hydatid cysts. The cyst fluid was collected and microscopically examined to determine if it was fertile or not. Of the 500 carcasses examined, 10.6% had hydatid cysts. Specifically, the slaughterhouse carcasses had a 6.7% occurrence of hydatid cysts, whereas those examined at riversides and individual butcher places had 10.0% and 12.7%, respectively. Distributions of the hydatid cysts by specific organs showed single occurrence of 6.4% in lungs, 2.4% in livers and 1.8% in both, livers and lungs. In a total of 53 infected buffaloes, 58.5% were fertile and 41.5% sterile cysts. Overall, 366 faecal samples from stray dogs were collected around buffaloes slaughtering areas (slaughterhouse and individual butcher places), riversides, garbage sites and temple sites. These samples were examined by formalin-ether concentration technique to investigate the presence of different helminth eggs. The total prevalence of Taenia, hookworms, Trichuris/Capillaria,Toxocara, Spirometra and Physaloptera eggs were 12.8%, 18.3%, 19.1%, 12.8%, 1.4% and 1.9%, respectively.  相似文献   

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