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高免卵黄液的辐照灭菌 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
用 60 Coγ射线辐照含有大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌的高免卵黄液 ,研究了其杀菌效果和对卵黄抗体效价的影响。结果表明 ,60 Coγ射线辐照 ,可杀灭高免卵黄液中的大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌 ,且随辐照剂量的增大 ,杀灭率也增高。 3k Gy辐照剂量可完全杀灭高免卵黄液中的大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌 ,大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌在卵黄液中的 D1 0 值分别为 0 .40 k Gy和0 .46 k Gy;8k Gy辐照剂量对高免卵黄液中的新城疫 (ND) HI和传染性法氏囊病 (IBD) AGP抗体效价无影响。 相似文献
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应用新城疫Ⅳ系弱毒苗与灭活油佐剂苗分别与新城疫高免卵黄抗体联合免疫;以间接ELISA试验检测它们在机体中抗体出现时间、数量,以及其变化规律。结果表明新城疫Ⅳ系弱毒苗与高免卵黄抗体联合免疫可出现一个抗体阴性期,而新城疫灭活油佐剂苗与高免卵黄抗体联合免疫则不出现这个抗体阴性期。 相似文献
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新城疫仍然是影响我国养禽业的主要传染病之一，而且多趋向于非典型化。目前控制该病的主要措施是疫苗的接种和高免卵黄抗体的应用。后者的应用极大地提高了该病的治疗和紧急预防的效果。注射高免卵黄抗体属于人工被动免疫，它的优点是见效快，注射后即可产生作用，而且无任何毒副作用。缺点是维持时间短。因此在被动免疫之后，仍然需要进行人工主动免疫。一般的做法是注射高免卵黄抗体一周后再应用疫苗进行人工主动免疫。本文作者应用新城疫Ⅳ系弱毒苗与灭活油佐剂苗分别与新城疫高免卵黄抗体联合免疫；表明新城疫Ⅳ系弱毒苗与高免卵黄抗体联合免疫可出现一个抗体阴性期，而新城疫灭活油佐剂苗与高免卵黄抗体联合免疫则不出现这个抗体阴性期。因此，在新城疫发生时，可以采用灭活油佐剂苗与高免卵黄抗体联合应用，以达到治疗和紧急预防的双重目的，而不宜采用新城疫Ⅳ系弱毒苗与高免卵黄抗体联合应用。 相似文献
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选取150日龄健康产蛋母鸡40羽,肌肉注射鸡新城疫Lasota疫苗2倍剂量/羽,10 d后再注射鸡新城疫油乳剂灭活苗4倍剂量/羽,自由采食和饮水。分别收集免疫前、免疫后10、20、30、40和50 d,母鸡所产鸡蛋提取卵黄抗体,测定不同时间卵黄抗体效价。结果发现免疫前卵黄抗体效价较低,鸡新城疫Lasota疫苗免疫后卵黄抗体效价开始缓慢升高,鸡新城疫油乳剂灭活苗加强免疫后卵黄抗体效价大幅度提高,并在二免后20 d卵黄抗体效价达到高峰,维持一段时间后卵黄抗体效价开始逐步下降。表明收集鸡新城疫疫苗二免后20 d左右的鸡蛋提取卵黄抗体效价高。 相似文献
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用60Coγ射线对不同状态不同体积的鸡新城疫病毒(NDV)、H9N2亚型禽流感(H9N2 AIV)和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)进行辐照,研究60Coγ射线对灭活疫苗中病毒的灭活效果。结果表明,6.0 kGy 60Coγ射线辐照对冷冻和液态下5000和10000 mL的NDV、H9N2亚型AIV和PRRSV均不能灭活,辐照后NDV和H9N2亚型AIV冷冻尿囊液的HA效价降低而液态尿囊液的HA效价升高;液态下,60Coγ射线能够灭活250 mL细胞培养液中的PRRSV,不能灭活250、5000和10000 mL尿囊液中的NDV和H9N2 AIV,250 mL与5000、10000 mL的NDV HA效价间差异显著(P＜0.05)。60Coγ射线辐照对液态的PRRSV细胞培养液灭活效果良好,有望用于灭活苗的病毒灭活。 相似文献
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赵昌廷 《上海畜牧兽医通讯》1994,(2)
鸡IBD、ND高免卵黄抗体用于治疗鸡法氏囊炎,新城疫病,收到了一定的效果,但也要了解其临床应用有五不宜.(一)不宜使用于种用和蛋用雏鸡.用于制作高免卵黄抗体的蛋一般为普通商品代母鸡所产,蛋在形成和产出过程中难免受到某些病原体的污染.虽然在制作过程中加入一定量的抗生素和防腐剂,也只能杀死或抑制部分细菌.但对通过卵传递的某些病毒则毫无作用.为避免疫病(如霉形体病、减蛋综合征等)的垂直传播,故而不宜用于种用和蛋用雏鸡.(二)不宜与疫苗接种同期进行.鸡IBD、ND高免卵黄液为高效价抗体制剂,当用于治疗鸡IBD和ND时,必须适当避开其相应的疫苗接种,以免因抗体、抗原中和而导致治疗或免疫失败.一般在高免卵黄抗体注射10天内不可接种相应的疫苗.或疫苗接种5天内不可注射含有相应有效抗体的卵黄液;若必须注射时,应待卵黄抗体效价降至无保护作用,再重新接种相应的疫苗,鸡体才能获得坚强免疫.(三)不宜单纯用于疫病的防治.高免卵黄液只不过是一种人工被动抗体制剂,注入鸡体后其有效免疫期也仅15天左右.如果对鸡群不采取疫苗接种,而是仅赖于卵黄抗体去防、去治,势必出现一些弊端.如用卵 相似文献
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试验旨在研究^60Coγ射线与电子束辐照对冻干鸡肉丁品质的影响。试验分别进行不辐照、^60Coγ-2 kGy、^60Coγ-4 kGy、电子束-2 kGy、电子束-4 kGy处理,恒温37℃进行贮存加速试验,测定细菌总数、过氧化值、酸价、碘值、感官、蛋白质和水分。结果表明:冻干鸡肉丁经辐照后细菌总数≤20 CFU/g;^60Coγ射线辐照的冻干鸡肉丁有异味,且过氧化值高于电子束和未辐照样品,过氧化值与辐照剂量呈正比关系;电子束和^60Coγ射线辐照均可以有效杀死大部分微生物。电子束可以有效减缓脂肪氧化且覆盖范围较好,所以在杀菌和保持冻干鸡肉丁风味品质方面优于^60Coγ射线。 相似文献
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通过对鸡法氏囊高免蛋卵黄进行泊洛沙姆脱脂研究证明:泊洛沙姆对鸡卵黄具有良好的脱脂作用,并且具有脂类自然沉降速度快、对抗体影响小、简化工艺以及本身无毒、无害的特点,适合于卵黄的综合开发利用。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究芽孢杆菌制剂对"京粉一号"蛋鸡蛋品质及蛋营养成分的影响。选择健康、产蛋均匀的259日龄的"京粉一号"蛋鸡3 600只,随机分为2组,每组6个重复,每个重复300只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加3%的芽孢杆菌制剂,进行为期40 d的试验。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验组蛋壳硬度、哈夫单位以及蛋黄颜色均有不同程度地提高(P>0.05);在反映蛋的物理指标上,试验组蛋黄重和蛋黄相对重显著高于对照组(P<0.05),蛋清相对重显著低于对照组(P<0.05),蛋黄蛋白比有升高的趋势(P>0.05);同时,试验组蛋黄中脂肪和水分含量显著降低(P<0.05),蛋白含量显著升高(P<0.05)。试验表明:在蛋鸡日粮中添加芽孢杆菌制剂,对蛋品质具有一定的改善作用;可显著提高蛋黄重、蛋黄相对重,降低蛋清相对重。同时,可减少蛋黄中脂肪和水分含量,增加蛋白的含量。 相似文献
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Y Ikemori M Kuroki R C Peralta H Yokoyama Y Kodama 《American journal of veterinary research》1992,53(11):2005-2008
The protective effects of egg yolk powder prepared from hens vaccinated with heat-extracted antigens from K99-piliated enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strain 431 were evaluated in a colostrum-fed calf model of ETEC-induced diarrhea caused by a heterologous strain (B44). The antibody powder was obtained by spray-drying the water-soluble protein fraction of egg yolks after removing the lipid and fatty components by precipitation with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate. A total of 16 colostrum-fed calves were studied to determine whether the orally administered antibody powder would prevent fatal bovine colibacillosis caused by a virulent ETEC strain. Clinical response of individual calves was monitored and evaluated in the context of these variables: fecal consistency score, intestinal colonization, weight loss, and mortality. Control calves that were treated with vehicle (milk with egg yolk powder from nonimmunized hens) had severe diarrhea and dehydration and died within 72 hours after infection was manifested. In contrast, calves fed milk containing egg yolk powder with antipili agglutinin titers of 1:800 and 1:1,600 had transient diarrhea, 100% survival, and good body weight gain during the course of the study. Results indicate that the orally administered egg yolk powder protected against ETEC-induced diarrhea in neonatal calves and that the protective components may have been the antibodies raised by vaccination of chickens against ETEC. 相似文献
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试验旨在了解产蛋鸡对犬瘟热病毒(canine distemper virus,CDV)抗原的免疫反应及其血清抗体和卵黄抗体的消长规律,为制备卵黄抗体提供依据。将CDV接种Vero细胞和DF1细胞进行传代并测定其病毒滴度,选取细胞病变出现早、病毒滴度高的Vero细胞毒作为接种病毒抗原免疫蛋鸡。每10 d免疫蛋鸡1次,第4次免疫后每30 d加强免疫1次。免疫前及免疫后每10 d采血分离血清,每5 d收集鸡蛋提取卵黄抗体,用琼脂扩散法和间接ELISA法测定其抗体水平。结果显示,血清抗体比卵黄抗体的滴度高,两者呈正相关性,卵黄抗体出现较血清抗体迟3~5 d,卵黄抗体在第3次免疫后3~5 d就已达到较高水平,此时即可开始收集鸡蛋制备卵黄抗体。 相似文献
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P Schmidt V Wiedemann R Kühlmann R Wanke E Linckh U L?sch 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1989,36(8):619-628
Specific antibodies directed against enterotoxic E. coli strains from the yolk of immunized hens were exposed in vitro to the influence of varying digestive phenomena like reduction of pH and proteolytic digestion. The remaining antibody activity was tested in a specific ELISA system. It could be shown that already within the stomach a considerable loss in antibody activity caused by a lowering of pH and peptic cleavage can be expected. A further loss in antibody activity is due to the proteolytic effect of the pancreas proteases trypsin and chymotrypsin. It was found that antibodies in protein rich solutions like egg or yolk suspensions were more resistant than mere globulin fractions or antibodies isolated by affinity chromatography. Prospects for further in vivo tests are discussed. 相似文献
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V Wiedemann R Kühlmann P Schmidt W Erhardt U L?sch 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1990,37(3):163-172
Large quantities of specific egg antibodies can be produced with little effort by immunization of laying hens. Several antibody containing egg preparations were subjected to a tenacity test against digestive activity taking piglets with artificial jejunum fistulas as a model. Even with high doses of orally administered yolk lyophilisate no antibody activity could be found in the distal jejunum. The additional feeding of egg white, however, showed a significant protective effect on the yolks antibodies during the digestive act. No difference between egg white of immunized hens and egg white of unimmunized hens could be detected. Buffering the acidic gastric environment with sodium bicarbonate increased the antibody activity in the intestine by an average of 40%. Eggs administered in hot (70 degrees C) beef stock had higher antibody titers than eggs that were boiled for 4 minutes. Tenacity in antibodies fed in pellets was significantly lower than in powdered feed. 相似文献
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Constantina Nasopoulou Vassiliki Gogaki Eleanna Panagopoulou Constantinos Demopoulos Ioannis Zabetakis 《Animal Science Journal》2013,84(3):264-271
Three different types of hen egg yolk, cage‐free, organic and daily fresh, were tested for their antiatherogenic properties. Total lipids (TL) of all hen egg yolk samples were extracted by the method of Bligh and Dyer and further separated into total polar lipids (TPL) and total neutral lipids (TNL) by counter current distribution chromatography. TPL and TNL were further separated by preparative thin‐layer chromatography (TLC). TL, TPL, TNL and the obtained polar and neutral lipid fractions after TLC separation were tested to determine whether they induce platelet activation or inhibit platelet activating factor (PAF)‐induced platelet activation. All three hen egg yolk TL samples possessed strong inhibitory activity against PAF‐induced platelet activation that was mainly attributed to TPL, especially to PL fraction 4. Cage‐free hen egg yolk exhibited the most potent anti‐PAF activity in all lipid classes (TL, TPL and TNL). Thus hen egg yolk contains PAF inhibitors that reinforce their nutritional value in terms of protection against cardiovascular diseases, since PAF is a crucial inflammatory phospholipid mediator that is implicated in the mechanism of atherogenesis. 相似文献
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1. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of feed intake on laying performance, egg quality and egg composition in a Fat line and a Lean line during the laying period (34 to 54 weeks of age). 2. The experiment was a 2 × 2 factorial design with two dietary intake levels (nutrition recommendation and 75% of recommendation) and two broiler genotypes (Fat line and Lean line). Hens (384 of each line) were randomly divided at 23 weeks of age into 4 treatments, with each treatment represented by 12 replicates of 16 birds each. The experiment started when the rate of lay reached 5% and continued until 54 weeks of age. 3. The results indicated that there was a significant interaction between daily feed intake and genotype on egg production, egg weight, percentage yolk, yolk/albumen ratio and yolk cholesterol content. Fat line hens produced significantly more eggs and had a lower incidence of cracked eggs than the Lean line hens. The reduction in feed intake decreased egg weight and increased egg production, egg-shape index and cholesterol content of yolk significantly. 相似文献
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Silva N Solana A Castro JM 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2000,47(1):69-75
Hyperimmune egg yolk semen extender was used for the inactivation of bovine herpesvirus (BHV-1) in experimentally infected bovine semen. As much as 5 x 10(4) TCID50/ml of virus was inactivated in semen as assayed by tissue culture. Moreover the hyperimmune egg yolk semen extender did not produce any adverse effect on the quality of the semen after being frozen/thawed in comparison with normal egg yolk semen extender (P > 0.05). The hyperimmune egg yolk semen extender is considered an important tool for containing the spread of BHV-1 from infected semen. 相似文献
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12 colostomized laying hybrids received a ration meeting their requirement of 15N labelled wheat with a 15N excess (15N') of 14.37 atom-% over 4 days. The 15N' of the total ration amounted to 4.47 atom-%. Each hen consumed 135 mg 15N' per day. On another 4 days the same rations with non labelled wheat were fed. The 12 hens laid 56 eggs during the 8 days of the experiment. They were divided into egg shell, white and yolk of egg. In addition, the protein of the white and yolk of egg was precipitated with trichloric acetic acid (TCA) and the nitrogen in these fractions was determined. On average of the 56 eggs, the N quota in the egg shell was 5.3%, in the white of egg 49.1% and in the yolk 45.6%. The atom-% 15N' in the shells of the eggs laid on the first day of the experiment was on average 0.21, whereas only 0.03 and 0.02 atom-% 15N' resp. could be detected in the white and yolks of the eggs. On the first day after the last 15N application the atom-% 15N' in the egg shell and the white of egg was highest and amounted to 2.33 and 2.43 atom-% resp. The highest value of 1.83 atom-% 15N' in the yolk was ascertained 3 days after the last 15N intake. The mean quota of TCA-precipitable N in the white of egg is 97.6% and in the yolk 94.4% of the respective total N. The atom-% 15N' in the non-protein N-compounds was higher than in the protein fractions. 相似文献