共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Fancourt Bronwyn A. Harry Glen Speed James Gentle Matthew N. 《Journal of pest science》2022,95(1):505-522
Journal of Pest Science - Reducing the damage caused by feral cats (Felis catus) to wildlife, livestock and human health is a key objective for many land managers and human health agencies... 相似文献
2.
Ruscoe Wendy A. Brown Peter R. Henry Steve van de Weyer Nikki Robinson Freya Hinds Lyn A. Singleton Grant R. 《Journal of pest science》2022,95(1):493-503
Journal of Pest Science - The advent of ‘conservation agriculture’ (CA) farming using zero- or no-tillage practices and an accompanying change in crop rotations in the last... 相似文献
3.
Effect of an ultrasonic device on the behaviour and the stress hormone corticosterone in feral pigeons 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The worldwide presence of feral pigeons Columba livia domestica in urban habitats presents potential public health hazards from pathogens and parasites, and droppings can lead to damage to buildings. A variety of lethal and non-lethal chemical repellents, visual, sonic or mechanic measures are available to deter pigeons, but they are not always applicable or effective. Ultrasonic devices are one of the available possibilities with the advantage of being inaudible to humans and more or less harmless to animals. However, their utility is questionable, because the upper limit of frequencies heard by pigeons reported is well below that of ultrasound. We tested whether a commercially used ultrasound deterrent system has an effect on the behaviour of free-living, as well as caged feral pigeons and assessed whether ultrasound has a physiological effect, i.e. whether it can activate the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal-axis (HPA-axis) known to trigger flight behaviour. Our experimental tests did neither show any effect on the behaviour and the HPA-axis of the caged pigeons nor any deterring effect on the free-living pigeons. A habituation effect could not be detected. We therefore, conclude that ultrasound does not deter feral pigeons. 相似文献
4.
5.
Evan Siemann Juli A. Carrillo Christopher A. Gabler Roy Zipp William E. Rogers 《Forest Ecology and Management》2009
The foraging activities of nonindigenous feral hogs (Sus scrofa) create widespread, conspicuous soil disturbances. Hogs may impact forest regeneration dynamics through both direct effects, such as consumption of seeds, or indirectly via changes in disturbance frequency or intensity. Because they incorporate litter and live plant material into the soil, hogs may also influence ground cover and soil nutrient concentrations. We investigated the impacts of exotic feral hogs in a mixed pine-hardwood forest in the Big Thicket National Preserve (Texas, USA) where they are abundant. We established sixteen 10 m × 10 m plots and fenced eight of them to exclude feral hogs for 7 years. Excluding hogs increased the diversity of woody plants in the understory. Large seeded (>250 mg) species known to be preferred forage of feral hogs all responded positively to hog exclusion, thus consumption of Carya (hickory nuts), Quercus (acorns), and Nyssa seeds (tupelo) by hogs may be causing this pattern. The only exotic woody species, Sapium sebiferum (Chinese tallow tree), was more than twice as abundant with hogs present, perhaps as a response to increased disturbance. Hogs increased the amount of bare soil by decreasing the amounts of plant cover and surface litter. Plots with hogs present had lower soil C:N, possibly due to accelerated rates of nitrogen mineralization. These results demonstrate that hogs may influence future overstory composition and reduce tree diversity in this forest. Management of hogs may be desirable in this and other forests where large-seeded species are an important component of the ecosystem. Further, by accelerating litter breakdown and elevating nitrogen in the soil, hogs have the potential to impact local vegetation composition via nitrogen inputs as well. 相似文献
6.
Naoko Emura Kazuto Kawakami Tomohiro Deguchi Koichi Sone 《Journal of Forest Research》2012,17(4):352-359
Some introduced frugivorous birds disperse introduced plants and are thus a substitute for extinct native birds. Introduced birds have negative and/or infrequently positive effects on local ecosystems. It is important for management of the ecosystems to understand the relationships between native and introduced frugivorous and plant species. In this study, we elucidated these relationships in Mukojima Island, the Bonin Islands, where was anthropologically deforested and Japanese White-eye Zosterops japonicus and some plants were already introduced. We examined the habitat selection of frugivorous birds, actual dispersed seeds in bird feces, and the distribution of the potentially dispersed plant species. The Japanese White-eye and the native, Blue Rockthrush Monticola solitarius, were dominant on this island. The former mainly used the forest area and dispersed only small seeds and frequently introduced plant seeds. The latter mainly used the open area and dispersed both small and large seeds. Some small-seed plants occurred not only in the forest but also in the open area. Their seedlings were distributed farther from their adult trees than the large-seed species. These indicate that small-seed plants would be more spread than the large-seed plants because the two bird species disperse their seeds in different environments. This introduced bird species may be important in vegetation recovery, although it may contribute to the distribution of introduced plants on this island. 相似文献
7.
《Forest Ecology and Management》2005,207(3):405-428
Canada's ability to sustainably manage approximately 10% of the global forest cover is a critical environmental and economic issue. The capacity to meet such demands and to deliver on national and international commitments regarding forest management is enabled through collaboration between federal, provincial, and territorial agencies. A principal collaborator is the National Forest Inventory (NFI); a systematic photo-plot based monitoring system designed specifically for reporting purposes and as an important input for scientific models. Satellite imagery is illustrated here as a support data set to ensure the quality of the NFI, for auditing the photo-plot contents, and to detect spatial biases. The Canadian Forest Service, in collaboration with the Canadian Space Agency and other federal and provincial agencies, is producing a national land cover database of the forested area of Canada (Earth Observation for Sustainable Development of Forests (EOSD)) using Landsat-7 ETM+ data for circa 2000 conditions. The integration between the plot-based NFI with classified EOSD data is presented for central British Columbia, an area comprising 6 Landsat scenes and 324 2 km × 2 km photo-plots. Traditional accuracy assessment measures based on the analysis of coincidence matrices are reported as levels of agreement for hierarchically aggregated land cover categories (overall agreements of 91%, 79%, 64% and 26% for 3, 4, 6 and 20 classes respectively) to demonstrate coincidence between the different data products. Local agreement between NFI and EOSD is demonstrated as a means of photo-plot auditing while spatial biases are detected through investigations of geographic pattern in the coincidence values. The illustrated approaches may be expanded or applied to different mapped attributes (e.g., biomass) that are of utility to those attempting to characterize large areas in a consistent and rigorous fashion. 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
R. Lal 《Agroforestry Systems》1989,8(1):7-29
Field experiments were conducted on a tropical Alfisol at Ibadan, Nigeria, to evaluate the effects on soil moisture and crop yields of three agroforestry systems. Effects of agroforestry treatments involving two perennial shrubs (Leucaena leucocephala and Gliricidia sepium), each at 2-m and 4-m row spacings, were compared with no-till and plow-till systems of seedbed preparation. Measurements were made for soil properties, runoff and erosion, nutrient losses in runoff, and crop growth and yield for a uniform maize (Zea mays) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) rotation. All of the six plots, each measuring 70 × 10m, were established on a natural slope of about 7%. Alterations in soil properties and effects on crop growth were evaluated for six consecutive years from 1982 through 1987.Seed germination and seedling establishment of Leucaena hedgerows were satisfactory while establishment of Gliricidia from stem cuttings was unsatisfactory. Maize germination and crop stand were normal while that of cowpea were suppressed by both Leucaena and Gliricidia. Maize growth and yield were suppressed only in the vicinity of hedgerows. Maize grain yield in agroforestry systems averaged about 10 percent lower than that of the control. In contrast with maize, agroforestry systems drastically suppressed cowpea grain yield. The average cowpea yield in agroforestry systems was 30 to 50% of the control. Regardless of the mangement system, grain yields declined over time at the rate of 340 and 96 kg ha–1yr–1 for maize and cowpea, respectively.Hedgerows of Leucaena and Gliricidia acted as windbreaks. Consequently, soil moisture content in the top 0–5 cm layer in agroforestry systems was generally higher than that in the control during both wet and dry seasons. 相似文献
11.
de Campos Mateus Ribeiro Béarez Philippe Amiens-Desneux Edwige Ponti Luigi Gutierrez Andrew Paul Biondi Antonio Adiga Abhijin Desneux Nicolas 《Journal of pest science》2021,94(3):843-844
Journal of Pest Science - Formula, Equation 2 and the table 3 are published incorrectly in the original publication of the article. The correct version of the article is given below 相似文献
12.
13.
《绿色中国(A版)》2006,(6):54-55
绍兴·周小丽2000年6月14日星期三晴不知何时起,他们开始光顾我们的店,也不知从何时起,他们成为我们的老朋友。他们的和气、善良总是让我们深深记着。他们是一对老夫妻,每次总是两个人一起来的,老太太负责买,她也经常征求老大爷的意见。老太太剪个童头,头发已有些灰白,虽然岁月 相似文献
14.
15.
2012年中国的木材需求量不如前一年强劲。与2011年的创纪录水平相比,针叶树原木进口量回落尤其明显。2012年锯材进口量也有所下降,但降幅远不如原木。据《木材资源季刊》(Wood Resource Quarterly)报道,在原木和锯材进口方面,2011年与2012年最显著的变化有两点:跨过中俄边境线的俄罗斯原木进口量急剧下降,美国至中国港口的锯材发货量缩减。2013年头4个月,原木和锯材进口量均有好转势头,分别比2012年第1季度增加12百分点和19百分点。住房建筑业是进口木材的消费大户,2013年年初显示一派繁荣。国家统计局数据显示,70个大中城市新建住房价格4月份同比平均上涨4百分点,比2013年3月份上涨3.1%。迄今为止,住房建筑业表现明显好于制造业、贸易、投资、个人消费等行业。 相似文献
16.
本文介绍了国外废纸再生的现状和最新技术动态,提出在我国发展废纸再生业,是省资源、省能源和减轻环境污染的重要途径,是缓解我国造纸原料不足,解决纸张供需矛盾的投资少、见效快、经济效益高的好办法。 相似文献
17.
林下植被组成和功能研究进展 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
林下植被作为森林生态系统的一个重要组成部分, 在维护森林多样性、推动森林生态系统流程和功能中扮演着重要的角色。目前, 关于林下植被的研究已有上百年历史, 其中在森林群落分类、更新演替、养分循环及稳定生产力等方面做了大量研究。文中从林下植被的定义及其组成、演替和功能等方面综述了近年来林下植被的研究进展, 并探讨了如何综合研究演替以及干扰对林下植被组成的影响、林下植被对气候变化的可能响应以及如何将林下植被作用及功能的研究理论应用于近自然人工林建设和管理实践中。 相似文献
18.
19.
据Eugene Gerden调查,俄罗斯经济正在恢复,而且人造板行业为投资者们提供了好机会,但是这或许会是一段艰辛的道路.
俄罗斯人造板材市场继续恢复经济危机及其后果带来的影响.从2015年开始,木质人造板的需求就开始下滑.
这是由家具及装修行业不景气造成的,他们是板材消费的主要推动力.
不过,尽管目前没有确切的数据,但是这两个行业都在持续改善,并且预计人造板材的需求将会上升.作为未来发展的迹象,全球的大型企业都将加速在该国的扩张. 相似文献
20.
《Forest Policy and Economics》2000,1(2):177-185
The Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE) has shaped the pan-European dialogue on forests for 10 years now. At three Ministerial Conferences, approximately 40 European ministers responsible for forests agreed on 12 resolutions for the protection and sustainable management of forests in Europe. Building on the achievements of these last 10 years, the MCPFE is moving towards new challenges. This paper presents these achievements of the MCPFE and provides a look into the future, including the relation of the MCPFE to the global forest debate. 相似文献