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1.
长期施肥对土壤有机碳和无机碳的影响 总被引：16，自引：2，他引：14
利用18年长期定位试验,研究了在不同施肥条件下,土壤有机碳和无机碳在0~50 cm土层分布特征。结果表明,施肥对土壤有机碳的影响随着土层深度的增加而下降,0~7.5 cm土层的土壤有机碳比7.5~15 cm、15~30 cm、30~50 cm分别增加了4.6%、22.0%、63.1%,而无机碳含量随着土层深度的增加而增加,与有机碳的变化规律正好相反。不同种类的肥料对土壤有机碳的影响也不相同,化肥、有机肥长期配合施用和长期施用有机肥可以在0~30 cm土层增加土壤有机碳含量,降低土壤中的无机碳含量,而长期单施化肥对土壤的有机碳和无机碳含量无明显差异。 相似文献
2.
干湿交替对土壤碳库和有机碳矿化的影响 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
水分是影响土壤活性碳库和惰性碳库周转过程的主导因子,而土壤有机碳的周转速率会对气候变化造成潜在的重要影响。以农田水稻土为供试土壤,通过培育试验研究了干湿交替过程对土壤有机碳矿化的影响,并利用两库叠加模型对土壤不同碳库及其降解动力学进行初步评估。结果表明:干湿交替激发了土壤呼吸,增加了土壤微生物代谢活性。三次湿润过程对土壤呼吸的激发量分别为119.3%、159.5%和87.3%,激发效应随干湿交替频率的增加先升高后降低。多次干湿交替后,土壤累积CO2释放量低于恒湿土壤,湿润所引起的激发的矿化量不足以弥补干旱期降低的矿化量。在湿润的数小时内,土壤溶解性有机碳含量先升高后降低。干湿交替提升了土壤活性碳库的降解速率,降低了惰性碳库的降解速率,湿润后土壤活性碳库显著增加。多次干湿交替降低了土壤真菌/细菌比,使土壤微生物群落结构发生变化,细菌成为优势种群。 相似文献
3.
土壤团聚体中有机碳研究进展 总被引：60，自引：4，他引：60
增加土壤有机碳有助于农业可持续发展, 同时对缓解温室气体增加造成的全球气候变暖等具有重要意义。土壤团聚体是土壤的重要组成部分, 影响土壤的各种物理化学性质。土壤团聚体和有机碳是不可分割的, 前者是后者存在的场所, 后者是前者存在的胶结物质。本文在综合各方面研究的基础上, 阐述了土壤团聚体和有机碳的依存关系, 影响团聚体固碳的几大因素, 团聚体对有机碳的物理保护机制以及目前应用比较广泛的团聚体内有机碳的研究方法, 为以后的研究提供理论和方法上的支持。 相似文献
4.
试验研究温度与土壤水分对有机碳分解速率的影响,结果表明:相同水分条件下,培育初期(1～20d)各处理CO2排放速率较高,相对值表现为35℃处理>25℃处理>15℃处理>5℃处理;随培育时间延长(>20d),CO2排放速率渐趋平稳。相同温度条件下,30%～90%田间持水量时培育初期(1～20d)各处理CO2排放速率初始值较高,之后降低,当趋于某一定值时,相对值大小随土壤水分含量增加而增加。相同温度与土壤水分条件下,CO2排放速率相对值大小随土壤有机碳含量增加而增加。 相似文献
5.
Important due to both its role in fire-affected ecosystems, and also its proposed intentional production and application for carbon (C) management, pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM) is thought to contain very stable forms of C. However, the mechanisms behind its interactions with non-PyOM soil organic C (SOC) remain speculative, with studies often showing short-term positive and then long-term negative “priming effects” on SOC decomposition after PyOM applications. Furthermore, studies of these interactions to date have been limited to systems that do not include plants. This study describes results from a 12-week greenhouse experiment where PyOM-SOC priming effects with and without plants were investigated using stable isotope partitioning. In addition, we investigated the optimal δ13C proxies for sources of SOC, PyOM, and plant-derived CO2 emissions. The two-factorial experiment included the presence or absence of corn plants and of 13C-labelled PyOM. In order to control for pH and nutrient addition effects from PyOM, its pH was adjusted to that of the soil and optimal nutrient and water conditions were provided to the plants. The δ13C of PyOM sub-components were significantly different. Significant losses of 0.4% of the applied PyOM-C occurred in the first week. We find evidence for a “negative priming” effect of PyOM on SOC in the system (SOC losses are 48% lower with PyOM present), which occurred primarily during the first week, indicating it may be due to transient effects driven by easily mineralizable PyOM. Additionally, while the presence of corn plants resulted in significantly increased SOC losses (“positive priming”), PyOM additions counteract this effect, almost completely eliminating net C losses either by decreasing SOC decomposition or increasing corn C additions to soil. This highlights the importance of including plants in studies of PyOM-SOC interactions. 相似文献
6.
不同有机物料对苏打盐化土有机碳和活性碳组分的影响 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
【目的】在大同盆地苏打盐化土上,研究不同有机物料对春玉米产量、土壤有机碳及活性碳组分的影响,明确土壤有机碳及活性碳组分与主要盐碱指标的相关关系,为苏打盐化土改良及有机物料资源化利用提供理论支撑。【方法】2016-2017年在山西省北部怀仁县开展田间定位试验,设对照(CK)、风化煤、生物炭、牛粪和秸秆5个处理,各处理有机物料施用量按照每年9000 kg/hm^2等有机碳投入量折算,收获时对春玉米进行测产。2017年春玉米收获后,采集土壤样品测定土壤有机碳总量(SOC)和水溶性有机碳(WSOC)、易氧化有机碳(EOC)、轻组有机碳(LFOC)含量,分析土壤活性碳组分占有机碳的比例、土壤有机碳及活性碳组分与盐碱指标之间的关系。【结果】与CK相比,生物炭和秸秆处理春玉米产量无明显差异,而风化煤和牛粪处理春玉米产量则分别显著提高30.2%和30.3%。添加有机物料促进了0-20 cm土层SOC累积,其中以风化煤和牛粪处理效果最佳,较CK分别提高47.6%和36.1%。在有机碳组分方面,风化煤和牛粪处理提高WSOC、EOC含量的效果显著高于生物炭、秸秆处理;风化煤、牛粪和秸秆处理的LFOC含量显著高于生物炭处理。四类有机物料处理的WSOC占总有机碳的比例差异不显著,牛粪处理的占比显著高于CK。EOC占总有机碳的比例以牛粪处理最高,风化煤次之,且二者均显著高于CK处理;LFOC占总有机碳的比例则表现为秸秆、牛粪>风化煤、生物炭> CK。此外,添加有机物料能有效降低0-20 cm土层土壤pH、电导率(EC)和碱化度(ESP),其中以风化煤和牛粪处理降幅最大。相关分析表明,土壤SOC与pH、EC和ESP呈显著负相关。【结论】通过有机物料改良效果比较,发现牛粪和风化煤处理能促进苏打盐化土有机碳累积,提高可溶性、易氧化态及轻组有机碳组分在总有机碳中的占比,降低土壤pH、EC和ESP,明显提高春玉米产量。因此,风化煤和牛粪是山西北部苏打盐化土良好的改良剂。 相似文献
7.
Aggregate-occluded black carbon in soil 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
The great stability of black carbon (BC) in soils may not be solely attributable to its refractory structure but also to poor accessibility when physically enveloped by soil particles. Our aim was to elucidate the intensity of physical entrapment of BC within soil aggregates. For this purpose, the A horizon of a forest, and of a grassland soil, and of three soils under tillage, were sampled at the experimental station Rotthalmünster, Germany. Black carbon was assessed in water‐stable aggregates and aggregate‐density fractions using benzene polycarboxylic acids as specific markers. The greatest BC concentrations made up 7.2% of organic carbon and were found in the < 53 μm fraction. The smallest BC concentrations occurred in the large macroaggregate fractions (> 2 mm). This pattern has been sustained even after tillage. The C‐normalized BC concentrations were significantly greater (P < 0.05) in the occluded particulate organic matter (OPOM) fractions than in the free particulate organic matter (FPOM) and the mineral fractions. This enrichment of BC compared with organic carbon in the OPOM fractions amounted to factors of 1.5–2.7. Hence, BC was embedded within microaggregates in preference to other organic carbon compounds. Only 2.5–3.5% of BC was located in the OPOM fraction < 1.6 g cm?3, but 22–24% in the OPOM fraction with a density of 1.6–2.0 g cm?3. This suggests that BC possibly acted as a binding agent or was selectively enriched during decomposition of protected SOM, or both. Physical inclusion, particularly within microaggregates, could therefore contribute to the long mean‐residence times of soil‐inherent BC. 相似文献
8.
不同秸秆还田模式对土壤有机碳及其活性组分的影响 总被引：34，自引：9，他引：34
为了探讨不同秸秆还田模式对土壤有机碳(total organic carbon,TOC)及活性碳组分的影响,设置了秸秆不还田(CK)、秸秆直接还田(CS)、秸秆转化为食用菌基质,出蘑后菌渣还田(CMS)和秸秆过腹还田(CGS)4种还田模式。通过田间小区试验,研究了不同秸秆还田模式下,土壤有机碳及活性组分的变化规律。结果表明不同秸秆还田模式均提高了土壤有机碳含量,但不同还田模式下土壤有机碳含量差异不显著(P0.05),和CK相比,CS、CMS和CGS处理下,土壤有机碳质量分数分别增加9.0%、23.9%和26.7%。不同秸秆还田模式也提高了土壤活性碳组分含量。在不同秸秆还田模式下,土壤溶解性有机碳(dissolved organic carbon,DOC)含量表现为CSCMSCGSCK,且不同处理间差异显著(P0.01)。和CK相比,CS、CMS和CGS处理下,土壤DOC质量分数分别增加64.6%、29.4%和8.9%。土壤微生物量碳(microbial biomass carbon,MBC)含量表现为CMSCGSCSCK,且差异显著(P0.05)。和CK相比,CS、CMS和CGS处理下,土壤MBC质量分数分别增加28.9%、84.7%和59.3%。土壤易氧化态碳(easily oxidizable carbon,EOC)含量表现为CMSCSCGSCK,且差异显著(P0.01)。和CK相比,CS、CMS和CGS处理下,土壤EOC质量分数分别增加24.1%、55.7%、和9.3%。不同秸秆还田模式显著影响土壤活性碳组分在总有机碳中占的比例,改变土壤有机碳质量。在不同秸秆还田模式下,DOC/TOC表现为CSCMSCKCGS、MBC/TOC表现为CMSCGSCSCK、EOC/TOC表现为CMSCSCKCGS,且不同处理间均差异显著(P0.01)。从提高土壤质量角度,推荐秸秆-菌渣还田模式,在该模式下,土壤MBC/TOC和EOC/TOC均最大,土壤碳素有效性高、易于被微生物利用,有利于作物生长。从提高土壤固碳角度,推荐秸秆过腹还田模式,在该模式下,土壤DOC/TOC最小,且土壤有机碳含量最高,有利于碳的固定和保存。该研究结果可为秸秆合理高效利用、改善农业土壤碳库质量提供参考。 相似文献
9.
We investigated the behavior of biochars in arable and forest soil in a greenhouse experiment in order to prove that these amendments can increase carbon storage in soils. Two qualities of biochar were produced by hydrothermal pyrolysis from 13C labeled glucose (0% N) and yeast (5% N), respectively. We quantified respiratory losses of soil and biochar carbon and calculated mean residence times of the biochars using the isotopic label. Extraction of phospholipid fatty acids from soil at the beginning and after 4 months of incubation was used to quantify changes in microbial biomass and to identify microbial groups utilizing the biochars. Mean residence times varied between 4 and 29 years, depending on soil type and quality of biochar. Yeast-derived biochar promoted fungi in the soil, while glucose-derived biochar was utilized by Gram-negative bacteria. Our results suggest that residence times of biochar in soils can be manipulated with the aim to “design” the best possible biochar for a given soil type. 相似文献
10.
不同农业废弃物还田对土壤碳排放及碳固定的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
在玉米生长季,采用静态箱法,在氮磷钾等养分量(N 240kg/hm~2,P2O5100kg/hm~2,K2O 120kg/hm~2)的条件下,研究秸秆、牛粪、鸡粪与化肥配施还田,对土壤CO_2排放及碳固定的影响。研究结果表明:施肥促进土壤CO_2排放,其中100%秸秆粉碎还田配施化肥(S1)对土壤CO_2排放的促进作用最为明显,平均排放通量达389.0mg/(m~2·h);其次为单施化肥(S4)。S1、S2、S3和S4处理在6,7,8三个月份CO_2平均排放通量表现为S4S1S3S2,分别占整个生长季排放总量的80.1%,78.9%,78.8%和83.7%,表明单施化肥处理(S4)在玉米生长旺季CO_2排放通量最高达624.9mg/(m~2·h)。各施肥处理在玉米生长季出现2个CO_2排放高峰阶段,与2次氮肥(尿素)追施密切相关,2次追施氮肥后CO_2排放通量平均值均表现为S4S1S3S2,表明用农业废弃物中的氮部分代替化肥氮,可减少CO_2排放量。50%牛粪有机氮还田配施50%化肥氮(S2),能明显提高土壤有机碳含量。50%鸡粪有机氮还田配施50%化肥氮(S3)可明显提高玉米各器官及植株含碳量,其中S3处理植株含碳量最高为9.59t/hm~2,促进玉米碳固定;而100%秸秆粉碎还田配施化肥氮(S1),并不能提高玉米各器官及植株含碳量,甚至低于单施化肥(S4)。 相似文献
11.
施肥对土壤有机碳含量及碳库管理指数的影响 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
在华北夏玉米生产体系中,采用田间试验,研究了不同施肥措施下（不施肥、单施有机肥、推荐施肥、习惯施肥和单施化肥）,土壤有机碳含量、活性有机碳含量和碳库管理指数的变化。结果表明:与不施肥相比,单施有机肥土壤有机碳和活性有机碳含量分别增加 11.68%,21.71%。推荐施肥和习惯施肥土壤有机碳含量分别增加 6.57%,7.58%,活性有机碳含量分别增加 8.53%,4.26%。单施化肥土壤有机碳与活性有机碳含量均没有显著增加;施有机肥和推荐施肥土壤碳库管理指数比不施肥分别高 31.79,13.01。单施化肥土壤碳库管理指数没有显著变化;土壤活性有机碳与总有机碳、碳库管理指数、玉米子粒产量均存在极显著相关关系。碳库管理指数与玉米子粒产量极显著相关,能够指示土壤生产力的变化。可见在当地土壤肥力条件下,施有机肥或有机无机适当配施能提高土壤有机碳含量和土壤碳库管理指数,有利于改善土壤质量,提高土壤肥力。 相似文献
12.
We investigated the role of water-extractable carbon (C-extr) as potential substrate for forest soil microorganisms by comparing
belowground C fluxes at a plot with the forest floor removed (no-litter) and at a control plot. One-third lower soil respiration
rates at the no-litter plot gave evidence that the forest floor was the source of considerable amounts of microbially degradable
C. Laboratory incubation of C-extr, fractionated into neutral and acid moieties, showed that part of the C-extr was degraded
rapidly, and that the high-molecular-weight acid fraction was much less degradable than the neutral C. To the extent that
the degradable portion of the water-extractable C can be regenerated quickly, it may supply much of the substrate for heterotrophic
soil respiration.
Received: 11 December 1995 相似文献
13.
黑碳添加对土壤有机碳矿化的影响 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
通过室内培养试验,向土壤中分别添加不同温度制备的黑碳,热解温度分别为350℃(T350)、600℃(T600)和850℃(T850),研究了黑碳添加对土壤有机碳矿化的影响。结果表明,不同温度条件制备的黑碳在15℃和25℃培养条件下,土壤CO2释放速率总的趋势是前期分解速率快,后期缓慢。在整个培养过程中(112天),随着培养时间的延长,土壤CO2释放速率下降趋势逐渐降低,CO2释放速率相对值的大小随着培养温度的的升高而增大。在不同温度培养条件下,添加黑碳后土壤CO2-C累计量均是T350>T600>T850,T350土壤CO2-C累计量最高分别为415.26 mg/kg和733.82 mg/kg。添加不同黑碳后,土壤有机碳矿化增加率存在极显著差异(p<0.01),表明不同温度制备的黑碳对土壤有机碳矿化的影响显著。 相似文献
14.
G. Corti F. C. Ugolini A. Agnelli G. Certini R. Cuniglio F. Berna & M. J. Fernández Sanjurjo 《European Journal of Soil Science》2002,53(2):283-298
To evaluate the contribution of rock fragments to the soil's total carbon content, the soil of 26 sites, ranging from the Canadian Arctic to the Jordan desert, was analysed for the content of organic C and total N in both fine earth and skeleton fractions. The soils, uncultivated and cultivated, are derived from 11 parent materials: sandstone, mica-schist, granite, gneiss, basaltic pyroclastites, trachyte, dolomite, beach deposits, clay schist, marl and serpentinite. For each soil horizon the contents of fine earth and skeleton were determined by volume. Both fractions were analysed for bulk density, total and organic C and total N. Our results indicate that rock fragments contain amounts of C and N that depend on the nature of the parent material and on its resistance to the weathering processes. The C and N of both fine earth and skeleton were used to calculate the contents of these elements for three depths. At each depth, the skeleton contributes C and N to the soil depending on its abundance. We conclude that the contribution of the rock fragments to the soil C and N cannot be predicted from the soil taxa, but can from the parent material. Calculations that exclude C and N of the skeleton could lead to errors in the estimates of these two elements in soils. 相似文献
15.
Wenming Ma Zhongwu Li Keyi Ding Bin Huang Xiaodong Nie Yinmei Lu Haibin Xiao Guangming Zeng 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2016,16(6):1705-1717
Purpose
This study aims to explore the dynamics of the factors influencing soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration and stability at erosion and deposition sites.Materials and methods
Thermal properties and dissolved aromatic carbon concentration along with Al, Fe concentration and soil specific surface area (SSA) were studied to 1 meter depth at two contrasting sites.Results and discussion
Fe, Al concentrations and SSA size increased with depth and were negatively correlated with SOC concentration at the erosion site (P?<?0.05), while at the deposition site, these values decreased with increasing depth and were positively correlated with SOC concentration (P?<?0.05). TG mass loss showed that SOC components in the two contrasting sites were similar, but the soils in deposition site contained a larger proportion of labile organic carbon and smaller quantities of stable organic carbon compared to the erosion site. SOC stability increased with soil depth at the erosion site. However, it was slightly variable in the depositional zone. Changes in SUVA254 spectroscopy values indicated that aromatic moieties of DOC at the erosion site were more concentrated in the superficial soil layer (0–20 cm), but at the deposition site they changed little with depth and the SUVA254 values less than those at the erosion site.Conclusions
Though large amounts of SOC accumulated in the deposition site, SOC may be vulnerable to severe losses if environmental conditions become more favorable for mineralization in the future due to accretion of more labile carbon. Deep soil layers at the erosion site (>30 cm deep) had a large carbon sink potential.16.
Razzaghi Somayyeh Islam Khandakar Rafiq Ahmed Ibrahim Abdelmalik Mohamed 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2022,22(9):2381-2391
Journal of Soils and Sediments - Deforestation is one of the ecosystem disservices associated with accelerated loss of soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (TN). The objective of our study was to... 相似文献
17.
Soil carbon stocks are commonly quantified at fixed depths as the product of soil bulk density, depth and organic carbon (OC) concentration. However, this method systematically overestimates OC stocks in treatments with greater bulk densities such as minimum tillage, exaggerating their benefits. Its use has compromised estimates of OC change where bulk densities differed between treatments or over time periods. We argue that its use should be discontinued and a considerable body of past research re‐evaluated. Accurate OC estimations must be based on quantification in equivalent soil masses (ESMs). The objective of this publication is to encourage accurate quantification of changes in OC stocks and other soil properties using ESM procedures by developing a simple procedure to quantify OC in multiple soil layers. We explain errors inherent in fixed depth procedures and show how these errors are eliminated using ESM methods. We describe a new ESM procedure for calculating OC stocks in multiple soil layers and show that it can be implemented without bulk density sampling, which reduces sampling time and facilitates evaluations at greater depths, where bulk density sampling is difficult. A spreadsheet has been developed to facilitate calculations. A sample adjustment procedure is described to facilitate OC quantification in a single equivalent soil mass layer from the surface, when multiple‐layer quantification is not necessary. 相似文献
18.
保护性耕作对棕壤粒径分形特征及碳氮比分布的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
【目的】分析长期不同耕作措施下棕壤土粒径分布的非均匀性和异质性变化特征,可为农田土壤发育过程以及科学合理耕作提供理论支撑。【方法】本试验基于山东农业大学农学试验站长期定位的保护性耕作试验田(始于2002),试验主要耕作措施有翻耕、免耕和深松3种,还田方式为秸秆全量还田和不还田。采用激光粒度分析仪(LS13320),测定小麦.玉米轮作系统中0—40cm土层中的颗粒分布,应用土壤分形理论解析土壤颗粒含量、土壤质地颗粒分布状况及耕作措施和秸秆还田调控土壤颗粒分布的作用。【结果】土壤粒径的基本特征分布中,粘粒体积百分比表现为免耕>深松>初始土样>翻耕,秸秆还田>无秸秆还田,可见长期定位保护性耕作措施下,免耕秸秆还田增加了土壤粘粒含量,降低了土壤中C/N比值,较低的C/N值促进土壤碳氮的分解从而增加土壤的C、N含量;土壤多重分形参数中,D(1)、D(1)/D(0)、D(2)、Δα值都表现为深松和免耕显著高于翻耕处理,说明深松与免耕加剧了土壤颗粒细化,增进了土壤颗粒的异质性;深松秸秆还田加剧了土壤的非均匀程度,增强土壤结构稳定性,对土壤结构有一定的改良作用。土壤粘粒体积百分比与D(1)/D(0)呈显著负相关(P<0.05),土壤粉粒体积百分比与Δf呈显著负相关(P<0.05),土壤砂粒体积百分比与Δf呈正相关(P<0.05)。表明土壤多重分形参数可作为表征土壤颗粒分布、土壤性质的潜在指标。【结论】多重分形参数中D(1)、D(1)/D(0)、D(2)、Δα各处理间表现出差异,深松秸秆还田处理在细微程度上反映了保护性耕作措施的长期影响效果,免耕秸秆还田处理中土壤粘粒与土壤C/N呈极显著负相关,免耕秸秆还田促进粘粒增加,降低了土壤的C/N值,从而增加了土壤有机质及全氮的含量。多重分形参数对表征土壤性质具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
19.
冬季覆盖作物残茬还田对双季稻田土壤有机碳和碳库管理指数的影响 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
研究冬季不同覆盖作物残茬还田后稻田土壤总有机碳、活性有机碳含量和碳库管理指数的变化, 对合理利用冬闲稻田, 发展冬季覆盖作物, 以及科学评价不同种植模式具有重要意义。本研究以不同冬季覆盖作物-双季稻定位试验为研究对象, 采用田间小区试验方法, 分析了黑麦草-双季稻(T1)、紫云英-双季稻(T2)和油菜-双季稻(T3) 3种种植模式不同冬季覆盖作物残茬还田后对土壤耕层(0~20 cm)总有机碳、活性有机碳含量的影响, 并计算了各处理的碳库活度、碳库活度指数、碳库指数和碳库管理指数。结果表明, 与冬闲-双季稻(对照)相比, T1、T2和T3处理的冬季覆盖作物残茬还田均提高了稻田土壤总有机碳和活性有机碳含量, 其大小顺序均表现为T2>T1>T3>CK。其中, 各处理稻田土壤总有机碳含量均显著高于对照, 早稻收获时T1、T2和T3处理土壤总有机碳含量两年平均分别比对照增加6.73%、10.53%和4.79%, 晚稻收获时两年平均分别增加4.16%、6.20%和2.37%; T1和T2 处理土壤活性有机碳含量均显著高于对照, 早稻收获时两年平均分别比对照增加10.52%和21.52%, 晚稻收获时两年平均分别增加11.99%和15.59%。冬季覆盖作物残茬还田提高了土壤碳库活度、碳库活度指数、碳库指数和土壤碳库管理指数, 其大小顺序均表现为T2>T1>T3。总的来说, 各处理中以紫云英残茬还田的效果为最好, 黑麦草和油菜残茬还田的效果次之。 相似文献
20.
红壤缓坡地径流与土壤可蚀性对土壤有机碳流失的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
探明坡面径流和土壤可蚀性对土壤有机碳流失的影响,对于研究土壤有机碳固定和区域碳循环有重要作用。该文通过野外径流小区模拟降雨试验研究不同雨强(30~100 mm/h)和耕作条件下(翻耕和免耕)土壤有机碳流失过程及其与坡面径流和土壤可蚀性的关系。结果表明,坡面产流过程对泥沙态有机碳流失过程具有明显影响,除大雨强条件下泥沙态有机碳流失速率在10~30 min呈现短时间峰值外,各径流小区泥沙态有机碳流失过程与坡面产流过程总体变化趋势基本一致,均表现为产流开始后,其流失率随降雨历时延长而增加,而后逐步趋于平稳,但坡面产流过程对径流有机碳流失过程无明显影响;坡面径流率大小影响土壤有机碳流失,坡面径流率变化能解释80%土壤有机碳流失的变化,坡面径流率与土壤有机碳流失呈线性正相关关系,且坡面径流率对泥沙态有机碳流失的影响比其对径流有机碳流失的影响更明显;土壤可蚀性对土壤有机碳流失的影响是非线性的,且土壤可蚀性指标越大,土壤有机碳流失率越大,但土壤可蚀性对土壤有机碳流失的影响存在有限性。坡面径流和土壤可蚀性是土壤有机碳流失的重要影响因素。 相似文献