共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
解决太阳能干燥设施内高湿条件下的结露问题是应用和推广太阳能谷物干燥技术的难点之一。经研究分析认为,只要能抑制内壁表面结露现象,就可基本上解决干燥设施内的结露问题,在此基础上,建立了太阳能干燥设施内结露预防系统。初步试验表明,该系统利用换气、加温或换气与加温组合的方法来预防太阳能干燥设施内的结露现象,其效果是明显的,而且具有节能、操作简便等优点。该项研究对太阳能干燥技术的改进和完善有一定的意义,且具有潜在的技术价值和应用前景。 相似文献
2.
抗凝血酶(antithrombin,AT)主要抑制凝血酶(thrombin)及其它凝血因子的活性,并具有重要的抗炎活性。本实验从香鱼(Plecoglossus altivelis)肝组织cDNA文库中成功获得了香鱼AT基因的cDNA全序列(EMBL登录号:FN429980)。测序结果表明,香鱼AT基因cDNA全长1487个核苷酸,包含1个大的开放阅读框(ORF),推测编码1个由453个氨基酸组成的蛋白,N端23个氨基酸为信号肽序列。成熟AT具有与哺乳动物AT相似的特征结构,包括:羧基末端附近的丝氨酸蛋白酶活性中心、6个保守的Cys残基形成的3个二硫键结构和4个N-糖基化位点。氨基酸序列分析表明,香鱼AT与大西洋鲑(Salmo salar)AT氨基酸序列同源性最高,为81%。系统进化树分析表明,物种AT的进化关系与目前接受的物种分类关系基本一致,香鱼AT位于鱼类AT簇中,与大西洋鲑、红鳍东方豚(Takifugu rubripes)和斑马鱼(Danio rerio)AT进化相关性最高。AT mRNA在健康香鱼的肝组织中表达量最大,在脾、肾和脑中表达量较低。实时荧光定量PCR结果表明,在鳗利斯顿氏菌(Listone... 相似文献
3.
G. Ladizinsky 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1999,46(5):501-504
The newly discovered tetraploid oat Avena insularis was crossed with the diploid A. strigosa and the tetraploid A. murphyi. Considerably reduced chromosome association at meiosis and a low average number of chiasmata per cell of the A. strigosa × A. insularis hybrids indicated that the diploid A. strigosa did not participate in the creation of A. insularis. From A. murphyi, A. insularis differed by four chromosomal rearrangements and the hybrids between them were sterile. The tetraploids A. magna, A. murphyi and A. insularis share the two to four floret large diaspore, which is adapted to heavy alluvial soil. They all, however, diverge from one another by four chromosomal rearrangements. At this point it is not possible to determine whether they have diverged from a single tetraploid progenitor, or developed from different diploid species. 相似文献
4.
Neutron activation analysis has been used to determine the amounts of As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Sb, Se, and Zn in the leaves of Taraxacum offcinale and show that it accumulates these elements. The accumulation corresponds to the extent of environmental pollution. Since Taraxacum officinale is widely distributed it may be successfully used for monitoring metal pollution. 相似文献
5.
报道采自中国福建、云南的小腹茧蜂亚科Microgastrinae绒茧蜂属Apanteles Foerster一新种，即侧脊绒茧蜂Apanteles latericarinatus,sp.nov.。模式标本存放于福建农林大学植保系益虫室。 相似文献
6.
In previous papers (1–5), it was concluded that among the many organic acids produced in the mixed culture of R. capsulatus with ether heterotrophic bacteria, especially pyruvic acid is a hydrogen donor for the nitrogen fixation by R. capsulatus. All previous experiments were dove under a light condition. In this paper, the nitrogen fixation under a dank conditien is presented, and the difference between light and dark condition is discussed. 相似文献
7.
David Seaby 《Compost science & utilization》2013,21(4):50-55
Two structure meters are described, results from which had a high mutual correlation. Both gave reproducible results. The device which was simplest to use was given extensive field testing by three compost makers in Northern Ireland and was judged to have provided useful additional measurements to help maintain compost quality and conserve raw materials. Yields gathered from commercial growers over a three year period indicated that structure had an influence on yield and that there was an optimum structure above and below which, yields declined. It was also found that nitrogen (N) and structure (S) were significantly correlated. The evidence that S (as measured) influenced yield could thus have been confounded by N unless the latter was allowed for. Consequently, the evidence for the correlation between S and yield was that the product of dry matter × N × S was more strongly correlated with yield than dry matter (DM) × N alone. In previous work, (Seaby 1995) it was found that DM × N had an optimum, above which yields reached a plateau and then declined, similarly it was found that DM × N × S also appeared to have an optimum value. It is postulated that an underlying reason for this, is that yield is ultimately limited by the ratio of casing area to compost weight which is relatively low with the bag method of mushroom production. 相似文献
8.
Gli-similar-1(Glis1)是一种在小鼠卵母细胞和受精卵一、二细胞期高表达蛋白,在小鼠胚胎发育中起着重要的作用。本实验以小鼠(Mus musculus)肾为材料,克隆小鼠 Glis1 基因,并构建与绿色荧光蛋白融合表达的真核表达载体 pEGFP-C1-Glis1。研究了 Glis1 蛋白的表达和亚细胞定位,并利用 qPCR 检测过表达 Glis1 对 Oct4、Sox2、c-Myc、N-Myc、Klf4、Nanog、Nrgn 和 Tspan18 等基因表达的影响。结果表明,从小鼠肾中成功克隆到 Glis1 的一个新转录本(GenBank 登录号: JQ043365),其第三个核定位信号缺失 4 个氨基酸,C 端结构域缺失 124 个氨基酸,包括富含脯氨酸结构域全部氨基酸序列。Glis1 定位于细胞核,过表达能够显著上调Tspan18。研究结果表明,Glis1 新转录本与现有转录本亚细胞定位结果一致,其在小鼠胚胎发育和小鼠成纤维细胞重编程过程中可能发挥不同的功能。 相似文献
9.
赭曲霉毒素A(ochratoxin A,OTA)是一种分布广泛的真菌毒素,会对谷物、动物饲料、动物性食品等造成污染。OTA对多种动物具有较强的肾毒性和肝毒性,并有致畸、致突变和致癌作用。对植物的研究表明,OTA还具有植物毒性。本实验研究了植物中重要的内源信号分子水杨酸(Salicyli cacid,SA)在OTA对拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)毒性中的作用。利用高效液相色谱测定了拟南芥叶片在OTA处理下SA含量的变化,结果显示,OTA胁迫促进了SA含量的上升;通过实时荧光定量PCR测定了OTA对SA途径中重要的病程相关蛋白1基因(pathogenesis-related gene1,PR1)相对表达量的影响,结果显示,OTA能诱导PR1的表达,并且这种诱导作用与OTA胁迫时间有关;SA与OTA同时处理拟南芥叶片后,观察到SA能造成OTA引起的叶片坏死斑的加重,相对电导率和活性氧含量的测定结果表明,SA能加重OTA对叶片的伤害,促进OTA诱导的活性氧的上升。本研究表明,SA参与了OTA诱导的拟南芥毒性过程,SA和OTA共同处理能增强OTA的植物毒性。 相似文献
10.
Nishikawa S Mizuno H Ohgami N Tada T Kumazawa Z Inagaki M Kashimura N 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2000,48(11):5302-5306
Crystal structures of conformationally restricted (Z)- and (E)-6-styrylpurines with the beta-substituents involving hydrogen, chlorine, and bromine atoms as well as a methylthio group were studied as conformer models of N(6)-adenines in relation to active conformation of cytokinins. X-ray crystallographic analyses confirmed that all of the trans-isomers exist in an anti conformation, whereas the cis-isomers except the (E)-methylthio derivative adopt a syn conformation. The derivative with a bulky beta-substituent was found to be in an anti conformation in contrast to the other cis-isomers. The preferred anti conformation and potent cytokinin activity of the trans-isomers supports the anti-transoid form as the most plausible active conformation of N(6)-adenines. In addition, it is likely that the syn-cisoid form of N(6)-adenines is also involved in receptor binding, by considering both the preferred syn conformation of the cis-isomers and their moderate activity, although it does not play a major role compared to the anti-transoid form. 相似文献
11.
卵特异性连接组蛋白(oocyte-specific linker histone H1,H1foo)是在哺乳动物卵母细胞与早期胚胎内特异表达的连接组蛋白,它在卵母细胞生长成熟、受精及胚胎发育中起关键性作用.本研究旨在克隆猪H1foo基因,并构建其真核表达载体.首先利用5'RACE和RT-PCR的方法获得猪H1foo基因的CDS区,并提交GenBank,登录号为HQ915640;然后将H1foo基因的CDS区连接到载体pMD19-T上,经酶切后定向克隆到表达载体pVenus上,从而构建pVenus-H1foo真核表达载体;用脂质体2000介导重组质粒pVenus-H1foo转染Hela细胞,荧光显微镜下观察、RT-PCR检测,确定重组质粒在Hela细胞内的表达和定位;最后通过体外转录试剂盒将H1foo-venus体外转录为mRNA,并显微注射至猪卵母细胞,荧光显微镜观察其表达和定位.序列分析表明猪Hlfoo基因CDS区全长1 041bp,编码346个氨基酸,蛋白分子量为36.45kD,在核苷酸水平上与牛、人和小鼠H1foo基因的相似度分别为75.7％、67.9％和54.3％;真核表达载体pVenus-H1foo转染后,能在He(l)a细胞中表达并可以准确的定位在细胞核;体外转录的H1foo-venusmRNA显微注射猪卵后其融合蛋白也能准确定位于细胞核.本研究克隆了猪H1foo基因并成功构建其真核表达载体;体外转录的H1foo-venusmRNA能在猪卵中正确表达和定位,为进一步研究H1foo在猪卵母细胞成熟以及核移植过程中的作用提供了基础资料. 相似文献
12.
Jürgen Weber Jupp Kreutzmann Anita Plantikow Evelyn Claus Werner Manz Peter Heininger 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2006,6(2):84-91
Goal, Scope and Background Numerous xenobiotics released into surface waters are transferred to suspended particulate matter and finally attached to
sediments. Aquatic organisms may be exposed to them by direct particle feeding, by physical contact with contaminated surfaces
as an exposure route, and by the uptake of dissolved contaminants after equilibration via the free water phase. In order to
assess potential sediment toxicity, each of these exposure routes has to be addressed. This paper presents a newly developed
particle contact assay that uses the fermentation performance of a specific Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain for the assessment
of toxic effects in sediments. The test procedure is based on the characteristic feature of growing yeast cells to attach
to sediment particles, which are also relevant for the accumulation of contaminants. The physical contact with lipophilic
contaminants mirrors an exposition pathway for the direct uptake into the cells. In order to quantitatively characterize the
toxic effects of particle attached pollutants on the fermentation performance, unpolluted native reference sediment was spiked
with representatives for widely distributed anthropogenic contaminants.
Methods Saccharomyces cerevisiae was established as sensitive eukaryotic microorganism for the ecotoxicological assessment of particle
attached anthropogenic contaminants in freshwater sediments. For this purpose, yeast cells were cultivated in sediment samples
and the resulting fermentation performance was continuously measured. Sediments artifically spiked with HCB, PCB, g-HCH, DDT,
and benzo(a)pyrene and solutions of each contaminant were comparatively investigated by means of their adverse effects on
yeast fermentation performance. Additionally, four native river sediments characterized by increasing levels of pollution
were assessed by the yeast particle contact assay, and simultaneously by standard aquatic tests with algae, daphniae, and
luminescent bacteria using pore water and elutriates. Results of the bioassays were related to specific sediment contamination
with respect to metals and organic priority pollutants.
Results and Discussion In sediments spiked with PCB and benzo(a)pyrene fermentation, performance was affected extensively below concentrations inhibiting
fermentation in contaminant solutions. This suggests a high efficiency of the exposure route by physical contact. The fermentation
performance was only slightly affected by single lipophilic pollutants, whereas mixtures of individually spiked sediments
caused critically reduced fermentation performance suggesting additive synergistic effects. Native river sediments modestly
to critically polluted by hazardous organic compounds lead to a slightly to dangerously reduced fermentation performance in
the yeast contact assay. These inhibitory effects were much less pronounced in the standard bioassays conducted with algae,
daphniae and luminescent bacteria, applying pore waters and elutriates as sample matrices. Using pore water, inhibition was
measured only in the most polluted sediment, elutriates lead to a slight inhibition of the algal growth in the undiluted sample
only. These results indicate an improved sensitivity of the yeast particle contact assay compared to the standard assays,
due to uptake and physical cell contact as additional routes of exposure.
Conclusion The yeast particle contact assay is a valuable tool for the assessment of ecotoxicological potential in freshwater sediments.
Since the assay addresses physical contact as an exposure route, it indicates bioavailability of lipophilic compounds in sediments.
Outlook The sensitive indication of bioavailable contaminants associated to sediment particles by the newly developed yeast particle
contact assay recommends it as a complementary microbial bioassay in a test battery for assessing major pathways of contaminants
in whole sediments. 相似文献
13.
Lee ST Davis TZ Cook D Stegelmeier BL 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(19):4849-4853
White snakeroot and rayless goldenrod cause "trembles" and "milk sickness" in livestock and humans, respectively. The toxin in white snakeroot and rayless goldenrod was identified in 1927 and 1930, respectively, as tremetol. It was reported that the toxin in white snakeroot disappears as it is dried and that completely dried plants were incapable of producing trembles or milk sickness. Conversely, it has been reported that the rayless goldenrod toxin was not destroyed by drying and that the plant is toxic either fresh or dry. In this study the concentrations of tremetone, dehydrotremetone, and structurally similar compounds were determined in white snakeroot and rayless goldenrod before and after various drying conditions. Tremetone, dehydrotremetone, and structurally similar compounds in rayless goldenrod and white snakeroot are most stable upon freeze-drying, followed by air-drying, and least stable upon oven-drying (60 °C). Also demonstrated is that tremetone is stable and that dried white snakeroot and rayless goldenrod are capable of inducing toxicosis in livestock. 相似文献
14.
主成分分析和聚类分析在花卉栽培基质配方选择中的应用 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
基质栽培是工厂化无土栽培的一个重要分支。结合牡丹品种胡红牡丹的生产实际,采用多元统计中主成分分析法、聚类分析法,对14种栽培基质配方进行了优劣等级的划分。首先确立胡红牡丹的农艺指标体系,然后用主成分分析法对指标体系进行筛选,接着用聚类分析得出基质配方的优劣等级,最后就各优劣等级进行了概述。 相似文献
15.
A R Olsen 《Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists》1984,67(6):1035-1036
Examination of excreta pellets from commensal shrew (Suncus murinus) and tropical house geckos (Gekkonidae) showed several characteristics that were useful in distinguishing these pellets from those of commensal rodents. Commensal shrew pellets contained a large number of embedded insect fragments but no embedded hairs. Each shrew pellet was associated with a distinctive circular stain on the floor or container surface where it was found. Gecko pellets were composed entirely of tightly packed insect fragments with no intervening matrix. In contrast to both shrew and rodent pellets, there was no surface mucous coating. A small white body containing uric acid adhered to one end of each gecko pellet. 相似文献
16.
Antoine FR Wei CI Otwell WS Sims CA Littell RC Hogle AD Marshall MR 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(17):4754-4759
Several authors have studied histamine using gas chromatography (GC) as a tool for quantitation, but the methods used were not always suitable depending on the kind of food. Problems frequently cited include incomplete histamine elution from the columns and peak tailing. Histamine is of interest because it is the factor common to all cases of scombroid poisoning, it has physiological and biological activity, and it is a chemical indicator of fish quality. In this study a modified GC method was used to quantify histamine in mahi-mahi (Coryphaena hippurus). Mean recovery was 67% for the GC method, compared with 90% for the AOAC fluorometric method. There was a 0.96 correlation of the GC histamine values with those of the AOAC fluorometric method. A temperature program, splitless/split injection, and analyte cleanup were essential for GC properties. Histamine retention time was 8.2 min. The method allowed peak height to be used for quantitation and simultaneous analysis of cadaverine and putrescine. 相似文献
17.
梅江盆地叶塘组紫色岩上发育土壤的物理性质研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用野外调查、取样和室内实验分析相结合的方法,研究了梅江盆地白垩系上统叶塘组（Kyt^2）紫色岩上土壤物理性质特征扣差异,结果表明：叶塘组紫色岩母质发育的土壤粘粒含量低而砂粒含量高,具有容重较大,比重相对偏小,孔隙度不高,自然含水量偏低的特点。从丘顶、丘腰到丘脚,土层逐渐增厚,土壤粘粒含量逐渐增加,砂粒含量逐渐减少,容重递增而比重减小。孔隙度表现出丘顶〉丘腰〉丘脚的趋势,含水量则表现出丘顶〈丘腰〈丘脚的趋势。针对情况,提出相应建议以维护紫色土利用的可持续发展。 相似文献
18.
豆科灌木－小叶锦鸡儿在我国北方半干旱沙地中的作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Caragana microphylla Lam., a pioneer leguminous shrub species for vegetation re-establishment, is widely distributed in the semi-fixed and fixed sandy lands of the Horqin region. Some soil chemical and physical properties were measured under the canopy of C. microphylla and in the adjacent open areas to determine the effects of individual shrubs on soil properties. The influence of isolated C. microphylla on chemical and physical properties of the topsoil was significantly different between plots under the shrub canopy and in the shrub interspaces. Beneath the shrub canopy greater amounts of fine particle fractions, a higher water-holding capacity, and a lower bulk density, as well as higher aboveground and belowground litter biomass were found. Soil organic C and total N concentrations were 23%-31.6% and 14%-27.2% higher under the shrub canopies than in the shrub interspaces, respectively, giving rise to ＂islands of fertility＂. In a desertified sandy grassland ecosystem, C. microphylla was believed to play a major role in organic C sequestration, N accumulation, and the hydrologic cycle. Additionally, it has been found to be of ecological importance for vegetative restoration and reversal of desertification. 相似文献
19.
中国土壤信息系统（SISChina）及其应用基础研究 总被引：19，自引：2，他引：19
土壤是人类赖以生存和发展的物质基础,是陆地生态系统的核心,为了在全球尺度、国家尺度和区域尺度上解决资源、环境和生态的有关问题,就必须要建立土壤信息系统。本文首先全面系统地介绍了国内外有关土壤信息系统的研究进展,阐述了中国土壤信息系统建设的数据源、土壤空间数据和属性数据、包含土壤空间与属性数据融合的中国1:100万土壤数据库及其应用基础,这对了解中国土壤信息系统的发展趋势,更好地利用土壤资源,为农业生产和生态环境建设服务具有重要的现实意义。 相似文献
20.
Bernd Marschner 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》1999,162(1):1-14
Sorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in soil Hydrophobic organic compounds such as PAH and PCB in soils are mainly sorbed to organic matter. There exist several conceptual models about the sorption mechanisms which encompass covalent bonds, hydrophobic interactions and diffusion-controlled partitioning. The partitioning of hydrophobic compounds into the aqueous phase can be enhanced through sorption to dissolved organic matter (DOM). For such 3-phase systems, some model calculations are presented in order to evaluate the mobilizing potential of DOM. Many investigations show that the sorptivity of organic matter is influenced by certain quality parameters such as aromaticity and molecular size. In addition, it can be modified by the chemical environment (pH, salts). But despite the progress made in the last years in the understanding of these relationships there remains a multitude of open questions and further research needs. 相似文献