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1.
Reference ranges for triglycerides, insulin, cortisol, and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) are used in diagnosing hyperlipemia and pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) in the donkey. Values are currently compared to reference ranges of the horse so as to diagnose disease. Previous studies found differences between hematological, serum biochemical, and hormone values of the horse and donkey. We suspected that similar differences existed between horse and donkey triglyceride, insulin, cortisol, and ACTH levels. Blood samples were drawn from 44 healthy mammoth donkeys and 1 miniature donkey, ranging in age from 3 weeks to 21 years, and varying in sex and pregnancy status. All but one donkey scored 3 of 5, “ideal,” body condition scoring. Samples were tested for triglycerides, insulin, cortisol, and ACTH levels. A marked difference was found between horse and donkey normal values for triglycerides, insulin, and ACTH. The mean values and standard deviation in the tested population were 66.4 ± 34.2 mg/dL for triglycerides, 2.1 ± 2.05 μU/mL for insulin, and 66.7 ± 20.7 pg/mL for ACTH. The reference ranges in the horse are 14–77 mg/dL for triglycerides, 4.9–45.5 μU/mL for insulin, and 18.7 ± 6.8 pg/mL for ACTH. Cortisol levels were similar in the two species, a 4.0 ± 1.2 μg/dL for donkeys being within the reference range for the horse, 2.9–6.6 μg/dL. Values were not correlated to age. The sample size prevented us from determining any correlation according to sex or pregnancy status. Differences between horse and donkey triglyceride and ACTH values may be significant for accurately diagnosing and treating hyperlipemia and PPID, respectively, in the donkey.  相似文献   

2.
Nine Thoroughbred horses were assessed to determine the normal response of insulin, glucose, cortisol, plasma potassium (K) and erythrocyte K through conditioning and to exercise over 400 and 1,000 m. In addition, adrenaline, noradrenaline, cortisol, plasma K, erythrocyte K and L-lactate concentrations were evaluated in response to maximal exercise with and without the administration of acepromazine. Conditioning caused no obvious trends in plasma K, erythrocyte K, insulin or glucose concentration. Serum cortisol increased (P less than 0.05) from the initial sample at Week 1 to Weeks 4 and 5 (attributed to a response to training), and then decreased. During conditioning, three horses had low erythrocyte K concentrations (less than 89.3 mmol/litre). Further work is needed to define the significance of low erythrocyte K concentrations in the performance horse. In all tests maximal exercise increased plasma K, glucose and cortisol concentrations, whereas insulin and erythrocyte K concentrations decreased. Thirty minutes following exercise, plasma K and erythrocyte K concentrations returned to resting values; whereas glucose and cortisol concentrations continued to increase and the insulin concentration also was increased. The magnitude of the changes varied for pre-conditioned vs post-conditioned exercise tests and the duration of exercise. The administration of acepromazine prior to exercise over 1,000 m failed to alter the circulating noradrenaline and adrenaline concentrations in anticipation of exercise or 2 mins following exercise. Acepromazine administration, however, did cause lower L-lactate concentration 2 mins (P less than 0.03) and 30 mins (P less than or equal to 0.005) following exercise. Also, erythrocyte K showed a delayed return to baseline levels at 30 mins post exercise. Further evaluation of these trends may help explain the beneficial role acepromazine plays in limiting signs of exertional rhabdomyolysis when administered prior to exercise.  相似文献   

3.
An 18-year-old Spanish Mustang mare was referred for evaluation of progressive weight loss and persistent hyperglycemia. Clinicopathologic abnormalities included marked hyperglycemia and glycosuria. Serum cortisol concentration was appropriately decreased following administration of dexamethasone, indicating that the horse did not have pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction. Serum insulin and plasma C-peptide concentrations were low, suggesting that hyperglycemia was a result of decreased secretion of insulin by pancreatic beta cells. In addition, glucose concentration did not return to the baseline concentration until 5 hours after i.v. administration of a glucose bolus, suggesting that insulin secretion, insulin effect, or both were reduced. However, i.v. administration of insulin caused only a slight decrease in the plasma glucose concentration, giving the impression that the action of insulin was impaired. Within 5 hours after administration of a combination of glyburide and metformin, which is used to treat diabetes mellitus in humans, the glucose concentration was within reference limits. The horse was euthanized, and a postmortem examination was done. Immunohistochemical staining of sections of the pancreas revealed attenuation of the pancreatic islet beta-cell population, with beta cells that remained generally limited to the periphery of the islets. These findings indicate that, albeit rare, pancreatic beta-cell failure may contribute to the development of diabetes mellitus in horses.  相似文献   

4.
In experiment 1, nine light horse geldings (three 3 x 3 Latin squares) received dexamethasone (DEX; 125 microg/kg BW, i.m.), glucose (0.2 g/kg BW, i.v.), or nothing (control) once per day for 4 days. DEX increased (P < 0.001) glucose, insulin, and leptin concentrations and resulted in a delayed increase (P < 0.001) in IGF-I concentrations. In experiment 2, mares were similarly treated with DEX (n = 6) or vehicle (n = 6). DEX again increased (P < 0.01) glucose, insulin, and leptin concentrations; the delayed elevation in IGF-I concentrations occurred on day 10, 12, and 19, relative to the first day of treatment. In experiment 3, six light horse geldings received either 200 IU of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) i.m. or vehicle twice daily for 4 days. ACTH increased (P < 0.001) cortisol concentrations. Further, ACTH resulted in increases (P < 0.01) glucose, insulin, and leptin concentrations. In experiment 4, plasma samples from four light horse stallions that were fed 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) at 6 mg/kg BW for 60 days to induce hypothyroidism were compared to samples from control stallions. On day 52, stallions receiving PTU had lower concentrations of thyroxine (P < 0.05) and triiodothyronine (P < 0.01) and higher (P < 0.01) concentrations of TSH. Leptin concentrations were higher (P < 0.01) in PTU-fed stallions from day 10 through 52. In conclusion, circulating concentrations of leptin in horses was increased by administering DEX. Treatment with ACTH increased cortisol and resulted in lesser increases in leptin, glucose, and insulin. In addition, PTU feeding results in lesser increases in leptin concentrations.  相似文献   

5.
Two identical experiments, using Standardbred and Thoroughbred horses (experiment A, n = 31; experiment B, n = 17) on a swimming regimen, were performed 1 week apart to evaluate short-term heart rate, hematologic, and endocrinologic changes. Horses were placed in 4 categories based on duration of swimming (1 to 5, greater than 5 to 10, greater than 10 to 15, and greater than 15 minutes). Heart rate, PCV, and plasma concentrations of total protein, cortisol triiodothyronine, thyroxine, insulin, and glucose of each horse were evaluated before, immediately after, and 1 hour after swimming. For experiment A, there was a main effect of time of sampling on PCV, total protein, triiodothyronine, thyroxine, and insulin. There was a main effect of duration of swimming on insulin concentration and an interaction of duration of swimming and time of blood collection on heart rate and cortisol concentration. For experiment B, there was a main effect of time of blood collection on all the variables except glucose.  相似文献   

6.
The effect of general anaesthesia and arthroscopic surgery on blood glucose and lactate, plasma non-esterified fatty acids, insulin, beta-endorphin and cortisol was investigated in seven horses. Animals were premedicated with xylazine and anaesthesia was induced with guaifenesin and sodium thiamylal and maintained with halothane vaporised in oxygen. Blood samples were collected in the pre-, intra- and post operative period. Induction of anaesthesia was associated with a transient hyperglycaemia and a significant rise in plasma insulin levels. Plasma insulin values fell during surgery but showed a significant increase post operatively. Surgery stimulated a small but significant rise in plasma beta-endorphin and cortisol values but these had returned to baseline values in the early post operative period. No changes in blood lactate were recorded.  相似文献   

7.

Background

An elevated plasma glucose concentration has been considered to be a potential risk factor in the pathogenesis of left-displaced abomasums (DA). Therefore the present study was performed to investigate if spontaneous disease (parturient paresis, metritis, ketosis etc) in dairy cows results in elevated concentrations of glucose and cortisol in blood as cortisol is the major regulator of glucose in ruminants.

Methods

Cortisol, insulin, β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), non esterified fatty acids (NEFA), and serum calcium were analyzed in blood serum and glucose, in whole blood, from 57 spontaneously diseased cows collected at different farms. The cows were grouped according to the disease; parturient paresis, recumbent for other reasons, mastitis, metritis, ketosis, inappetance and others.

Results

No elevated concentrations of cortisol or glucose were found in cows with metritis and mastitis but both cortisol and glucose were elevated in cows stressed by recumbency. Cows with ketonemia (BHBA > 1.5 mmol/l) did not have low concentration of glucose in blood but significantly low levels of cortisol. Some of these cows even had cortisol concentrations below the detection limit of the analysing method (< 14 nmol/l).

Conclusions

The study gives patho-physiological support to the treatment strategies of ketosis, recommending glucocorticoids, insulin etc. However further studies of this problem are needed to understand why cows with ketosis have low levels of cortisol and normal levels of glucose. To what extent elevated cortisol and glucose levels in hypocalcemic and recumbent cows are involved in the ethiology and /or the pathogenesis of DA also will need further research.  相似文献   

8.
German black headed mutton (GBM) ewes are recognized as being highly susceptible to ovine pregnancy toxemia (OPT). The present trial was performed to evaluate whether a breed-dependent gestational diabetes mellitus-like insulin resistance during late pregnancy might be responsible for the high incidence of OPT in the GBM breed. Modified frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests (300 mg glucose and 0.03 IU insulin per kg of BW) were performed during mid and late pregnancy, the periparturient, and the dry period in polytocous 3.5-yr-old GBM and Finnish Landrace (FL) ewes fed according to their requirements. The corresponding blood samples were analyzed for plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs) and β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB). In addition, the baseline plasma cortisol concentrations were determined during late pregnancy. The BW gain during pregnancy and the rearing success did not differ between the GBM and FL ewes. In both breeds, late pregnancy was associated with decreased basal plasma glucose concentrations and enhanced glucose disposal, as well as elevated baseline β-HB values. Only in the GBM ewes did the plasma NEFA concentrations increase significantly during advancing pregnancy. Moreover, significantly higher baseline plasma NEFA concentrations as well as lower (P < 0.05) basal plasma glucose values were recorded during late pregnancy in the GBM than in the FL ewes. The first-phase insulin secretion, the peripheral insulin sensitivity, and the baseline plasma cortisol values did not differ between both breeds during late pregnancy. It is concluded that increased lipolysis during late pregnancy is a characteristic of the GBM breed. Moreover, elevated plasma NEFA concentrations may contribute to impaired pancreatic insulin response and peripheral insulin resistance in GBM ewes and thus promote OPT.  相似文献   

9.
To determine whether plasma leptin concentrations and glucose tolerance are affected by changes in energy balance, nine healthy Shetland ponies were fed at 140% followed by 75% of their maintenance requirements for 13 days in each of the two periods. Bodyweight was recorded every three days. Blood samples were taken every two days and analysed for leptin and cortisol. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed on day 7 of each period. Serial blood samples were analysed for glucose and insulin. Although bodyweight was not affected, plasma leptin concentrations increased (P<0.001) initially during overfeeding, but returned to previous values after 7 days. During underfeeding, plasma leptin concentrations decreased (P<0.001). Underfeeding was associated with a higher AUC for plasma glucose (P=0.02) and plasma insulin (P=0.05) resulting in a decreased glucose tolerance (AUC glucose/AUC insulin; P=0.008), probably due to a plasma cortisol increase caused by the reduced feed intake. It is concluded that changes in energy balance, without altering bodyweight, can influence plasma leptin concentrations in ponies.  相似文献   

10.
Ponies were evaluated for their response to feed withholding and exogenous administration of corticosteroids (dexamethasone 0.04 mg/kg intramuscular [IM]) in an attempt to reproduce the hyperlipemia syndrome. Because insulin resistance has been associated with hyperlipemia, all ponies were initially evaluated for insulin response to an oral glucose load and normal dexamethasone suppression of serum cortisol. Four ponies were identified as hyperinsulinemic reflecting insulin resistance. All ponies had suppressed cortisol concentrations following dexamethasone administration. Feed withdrawal resulted in hypertriglyceridemia by 48 hours in all ponies. Very low density lipoprotein-triglyceride (VLDL) fraction was primarily elevated. The administration of dexamethasone failed to increase the degree of triglyceridemia. Although insulin resistance has been proposed as the likely cause of the hypertriglyceridemia in ponies, in this study four of eight ponies were considered to have normal insulin responses and yet still developed hypertriglyceridemia.  相似文献   

11.
OBJECTIVE: To determine blood glucose clearance in 2 species of New World camelids after IV challenge and to examine mechanisms of this clearance. ANIMALS: 5 adult female llamas and 5 adult gelded alpacas. PROCEDURE: After food was withheld for 12 hours, camelids received 0.5 g of glucose/kg of body weight by rapid IV infusion. Serum concentrations of glucose, nonesterified fatty acids, cortisol, and insulin, and plasma concentrations of lactate were determined before and 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, and 240 minutes after infusion. Ratios of insulin to glucose and insulin to cortisol were calculated for each time point. RESULTS: Postinfusion glucose concentrations were significantly higher in llamas than alpacas for the first 15 minutes and remained significantly higher than baseline values in both species for 180 minutes. Lactate and cortisol concentrations did not change significantly; nonesterified fatty acid concentrations decreased in both species 30 minutes after infusion. Baseline insulin concentrations were < 6 microU/ml in both species and increased only to 10.1 +/- 0.7 microU/ml in llamas. Insulin concentrations did not change significantly in alpacas. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Llamas and alpacas clear glucose more slowly than other domestic species after challenge, mainly because of a weak insulin response and slow cellular uptake. This response may impair the assimilation of exogenous glucose as well as make llamas and alpacas prone to diabetes-like disorders when an abundance of endogenous or exogenous glucogenic agents are present.  相似文献   

12.
The glucose tolerance test in the horse may be used to determine metabolic responses to diet, disease, or physiologic state. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of reproductive stage (gestation and lactation) and supplemental dietary energy source (sugar and starch [SS] or fiber and fat [FF]) on glucose metabolism in grazing mares using an oral glucose tolerance test. Twelve mares, six on each supplement, were examined on three occasions: one in the third trimester of pregnancy, the second in early lactation, and the third in late lactation. During each test, venous samples were taken at 30 and 1 min before, and 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240, and 300 min after a nasogastric dose of glucose at 0.2 g/kg of BW. Plasma was assayed for glucose, insulin, and cortisol. Statistical analysis was a mixed model with repeated measures with horse, diet, and reproductive stage as fixed effects. The incremental glucose area under the curve (AUC) in response to oral glucose was lower in SS than in FF mares (P = 0.022). Mares tended to have a lower incremental glucose AUC in early lactation than in late gestation (P = 0.057), and insulin AUC was lower in early lactation than in late gestation (P = 0.002) and late lactation (P = 0.013). Glucose clearance was more rapid (P = 0.007) in SS than in FF mares. The glycemic response to the oral glucose tolerance test was consistent with adaptation to dietary sugar and starch as well as metabolic changes associated with pregnancy and lactation. Feeding twice-daily grain meals rich in SS influenced glucose metabolism in horses to an extent that the natural adaptation of glucose metabolism to pregnancy was moderated. Feeding a diet rich in FF more closely mimics the natural grazing state of pasture and allows for adaptation of glucose metabolism to pregnancy and lactation.  相似文献   

13.
Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in ponies and Standardbred horses   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
The existence of an innate insulin insensitivity in ponies was investigated and compared with the situation in larger breeds of horse. Ponies that were fat or had previously suffered laminitis were found to be far more intolerant to oral glucose loading (1 g/kg bodyweight [bwt]) than normal ponies or Standardbreds. These ponies also exhibited a far greater response in plasma insulin levels after glucose loading. Insulin response tests (0.4 iu/kg bwt insulin intravenously) showed only a minimal and very protracted response in both the fat and laminitic groups. The relevance of these findings in regulation of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and their role in the pathogenesis of hyperlipaemia, are discussed.  相似文献   

14.
The cortisol threshold concentration of 1.0 microg/ml in horse urine adopted by the International Federation of the racing Authorities in 1994 is specific. However, an increase in the sensitivity for the detection of cortisol administration would be helpful. Previous studies have shown that 20beta-dihydrocortisol concentration in urine would be a good indicator of cortisol administration. The purpose of the present work was to estimate the population parameters and the critical values of 20beta-dihydrocortisol and 20beta-dihydrocortisone concentration in urine compared with that of cortisol. Using the same probability (1.1 x 10(-4)) which was used for the establishment of the official cortisol threshold, the critical values of 5000 ng/ml for 20beta-dihydrocortisol and 350 ng/ml for 20beta-dihydrocortisone were obtained. Considering these 2 critical values for 20beta-dihydrocortisol and 20beta-dihydrocortisone, the time during which a horse could be declared positive is significantly increased.  相似文献   

15.
The influence of two topical dexamethasone applications (dermal and ototopical) on plasma insulin, glucose, thyroid hormone and cortisol levels was investigated in beagle dogs. Both treatments significantly decreased basal cortisol values, associated with exaggerated rise in insulin (∼50%), together with unchanged serum glucose levels. Dermal dexamethasone quickly decreased plasma thyroxin (T4) levels; whereas dexamethasone in ear drops gradually inhibited time-dependently T4 release (18–50%). Both formulations blunted plasma triiodothyronine (T3) levels but the response induced by dermal dexamethasone was stronger than by dexamethasone ear drops. Upon drug withdrawal, insulin secretion returned to baseline a week after treatment cessation, while cortisol, T4 and T3 levels did not reach baseline values. These results suggest that topical glucocorticoids unexpectedly trigger secondary hypothyroidism with concomitant suppression of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis but sensitize the endocrine pancreas, thus, their application needs careful evaluation for surprisingly different effects on endocrine stress axis activity.  相似文献   

16.
To study the regulation of leptin secretion in sheep, we infused glucose (0.32 g/h/kg for 12 h) into GH-transgenic animals (n = 8) that have chronically high plasma concentrations of ovine GH and insulin, but low body condition and low plasma leptin concentrations, and compared the responses with those in controls (n = 8). In both groups, the infusion increased plasma concentrations of glucose and insulin within 1 h and maintained high levels throughout the infusion period (P < 0.0001). Compared with controls, GH-transgenics had higher concentrations of insulin, IGF-1, GH (all P < 0.0001) and cortisol (P < 0.05), but lower GH pulse frequency (P < 0.0001). Overall, leptin concentrations were lower in GH-transgenics than in controls (P < 0.01). A postprandial increase in leptin concentrations was observed in both groups, independently of glucose treatment, after which the values remained elevated in animals infused with glucose, but returned to basal levels in those infused with saline, independently of transgene status. In both GH-transgenics and controls, glucose infusion did not affect the concentrations of GH, IGF-1, or cortisol. In conclusion, GH-transgenic and control sheep show similar responses to glucose infusion for leptin and other metabolic hormones, despite differences between them in body condition and basal levels of these hormones. Glucose, insulin, GH, IGF-1 and cortisol are probably not major factors in the acute control of leptin secretion in sheep, although sustained high concentrations of GH and IGF-1 might reduce adipose tissue mass or inhibit leptin gene expression.  相似文献   

17.
Pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism was diagnosed in a 14-year-old Arabian mare with chronic weight loss, hirsutism, polyuria, and polydipsia. The mare had a stress leukogram, glucosuria, and consistent hyperglycemia. Plasma glucose concentrations were resistant to suppression by insulin. Plasma cortisol concentrations were within normal limits, but did not respond to dexamethasone suppression and had an exaggerated response to ACTH stimulation. At necropsy, a chromophobe adenoma of the pars intermedia of the pituitary gland was found. The zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex and the pancreatic islets of Langerhans were hypertrophied. An immunohistologic staining technique was used to demonstrate ACTH-containing neoplastic cells in the pituitary mass. These cells released ACTH and other peptides that initiated the chain of endocrinologic events leading to clinical disease.  相似文献   

18.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) for use in dogs, cats, and horses. DESIGN: Prospective clinical study. Animals-7 horses, 3 cats, and 4 dogs that were clinically normal and 1 horse, 2 cats, and 3 dogs with diabetes mellitus. PROCEDURE: Interstitial glucose concentrations were monitored and recorded every 5 minutes by use of a CGMS. Interstitial glucose concentrations were compared with whole blood glucose concentrations as determined by a point-of-care glucose meter. Interstitial glucose concentrations were also monitored in 2 clinically normal horses after oral and i.v. administration of glucose. RESULTS: There was a positive correlation between interstitial and whole blood glucose concentrations for clinically normal dogs, cats, and horses and those with diabetes mellitus. Events such as feeding, glucose or insulin administration, restraint, and transport to the clinic were recorded by the owner or clinician and could be identified on the graph and associated with time of occurrence. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Our data indicate that use of CGMS is valid for dogs, cats, and horses. This system alleviated the need for multiple blood samples and the stress associated with obtaining those samples. Because hospitalization was not required, information obtained from the CGMS provided a more accurate assessment of the animal's glucose concentrations for an extended period, compared with measurement of blood glucose concentrations. Use of the CGMS will promote the diagnostic and research potential of serial glucose monitoring.  相似文献   

19.
Certain management practices tend to promote the development of obesity (metabolic syndrome) in mature horses as they enter their teenage years. These management practices include the provision of starch-rich (high glycemic index) and fat-supplemented rations to healthy horses that are relatively inactive. Some horse breeds and ponies appear to be genetically predisposed to metabolic syndrome. The accretion of intra-abdominal adiposity by equids is associated with the development of insulin insensitivity (hyperinsulinemia), glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insidious-onset laminitis. Omental adipocytes are metabolically active, secreting free fatty acids and hormonally active mediators including cortisol, leptin, and resistin that might contribute to persistence and worsening of insulin refractoriness and the obese phenotype. We have hypothesized that obesity-associated laminitis arises as a consequence of vascular changes and a hypercoagulable state, similar to the development of atherosclerosis in human type 2 diabetes. Several molecular mechanisms that might serve to explain the development of insulin insensitivity as a result of excessive adiposity have been incriminated. Little investigation into the relationship between obesity, insulin insensitivity, and laminitis in horses has been reported to date. Insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance can be improved by dietary restriction and exercise aimed at reversing omental obesity. Management practices that promote the development of obesity are likely initiated during the first 10 years of the horse's life. Veterinarians and horse owners must recognize that mature-onset obesity in adult horses is associated with a risk for development of laminitis. Obesity and insulin insensitivity might be prevented if horse owners can be educated to feed rations with a relatively lower glycemic index to inactive horses. Investigative research pertaining to the development of antiobesity drugs for human patients is continuing. Greater than 30 new pharmaceuticals are in various stages of research. However, it will likely take many years before any of these drugs are shown to be useful and safe in horses. Lifestyle changes in the form of diet and exercise patterns are still the crux of therapy for both human and equine patients.  相似文献   

20.
Straightforward testing procedures are needed to facilitate the diagnosis of insulin dysregulation in horses because hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance are associated with laminitis. Results of an oral sugar test (OST) were compared with those of the intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT). We hypothesized that OST and IVGTT area under the curve values for glucose (AUCg) and insulin (AUCi) would be closely correlated, as defined by a correlation coefficient value ≥0.90. Both tests were performed in 10 horses meeting the criteria for equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) and 8 Quarter horse crossbred mares from a university teaching herd (control group). The OST was also performed in 21 Quarter horse crossbred mares from the same herd, and test repeatability was evaluated in 8 of these horses. All testing was performed under fasting conditions. Median AUCg and AUCi values were 1.3- and 9.0-fold higher, respectively, for the IVGTT and 1.3- and 6.8-fold higher, respectively, for the OST in the EMS group than those in the control group. AUCg (Spearman correlation coefficient [rs] = 0.58; P = .012) and AUCi (rs = 0.90; P < .001) values for the two tests were positively correlated. Mean ± SD coefficients of variation for repeated tests in 8 mares were 6.4% ± 3.1% and 45.1% ± 36.2% for AUCg and AUCi, respectively. We conclude that OST and IVGTT insulin results are closely correlated, so the OST warrants further consideration as a field test for insulin dysregulation in horses.  相似文献   

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