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1.
从山东省感病的烟草上分离获得了一烟草蚀纹病毒(TEV)分离物,命名为TEV-SD1.根据已报道烟草蚀纹病毒外壳蛋白(coat protein CP)基因序列设计并合成2条引物,通过RT-PCR扩增得到长度约800bp的目的片段.将目的片段与质粒pET-22b( )连接,构建了包含TEV CP基因的原核表达载体pETEV-CP,并导入大肠杆菌BL21中.序列分析表明:TEV-SD1的CP基因全长789bp,编码263个氨基酸;与GenBank中已报道的TEV 5个分离物CP基因相比,核苷酸及推导的氨基酸序列同源性为94.1%～98.6%.37℃培养条件下,BL21/pETEV-CP经IPTG诱导表达,SDS-PAGE结果显示,表达的TEV CP融合蛋白的相对分子质量约为33 kDa.以表达的融合蛋白为抗原,免疫家兔,制备的抗血清的效价为1/2048,且具有良好的特异性. 相似文献
2.
小西葫芦黄花叶病毒北京分离物的鉴定及其基因组3''端特性分析 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
在北京东郊自然感病的南瓜Cucurbita moschata上获得一病毒分离物（BJ-1），经生物学、血清学和分子生物学鉴定，确定为小西葫芦黄花叶病毒（Zucchini yellow mosaic virus，ZYMV）。为分析其基因组3’端特性，以发病叶片中提取的总RNA为模板，对基因组3’端进行RT-PCR扩增，产物克隆到pMD18-T栽体上进行序列分析，共测定了该病毒分离物包括全部CP基因在内的1269bp。该分离物CP基因由837个核苷酸组成，编码279个氨基酸。对包括该分离物在内的30个序列的760bp（含NIb基因3’端56bp和CP基因中的704bp）片段、NIb蛋白与CP蛋白的切割位点、蚜传必需基序的变异、寄主来源及地域来源进行了分析。结果表明，ZYMV不同分离物的基因分型与上述五个因素无明显关系。 相似文献
3.
在北京东郊自然感病的南瓜Cucurbita moschata上获得一病毒分离物(BJ-1),经生物学、血清学和分子生物学鉴定,确定为小西葫芦黄花叶病毒(Zucchini yellowmosaic virus,ZYMV)。为分析其基因组3′端特性,以发病叶片中提取的总RNA为模板,对基因组3′端进行RT-PCR扩增,产物克隆到pMD18-T载体上进行序列分析,共测定了该病毒分离物包括全部CP基因在内的1269bp。该分离物CP基因由837个核苷酸组成,编码279个氨基酸。对包括该分离物在内的30个序列的760bp(含NIb基因3′端56bp和CP基因中的704bp)片段、NIb蛋白与CP蛋白的切割位点、蚜传必需基序的变异、寄主来源及地域来源进行了分析。结果表明,ZYMV不同分离物的基因分型与上述五个因素无明显关系。 相似文献
4.
侵染云南烟草的番茄环纹斑点病毒N基因的分子变异分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用电镜观察和ELISA检测从云南11个县（市）烟草种植区采集的烟草上检测到番茄环纹斑点病毒（Tomato zonate spot virus, TZSV）。根据TZSV N基因设计引物扩增得到了31个TZSV分离物N基因全序列。测序分析表明,31个TZSV N基因核苷酸序列与GenBank中报道的序列相似性在94.9%~98%之间,其推导的氨基酸序列同源性为98.2%~99.3%。构建系统进化树发现云南不同地区的TZSV分离物存在一定差异。氨基酸序列比较发现,文山分离物和西畴分离物具有2个该地区独有的氨基酸位点。 相似文献
5.
利用酶联免疫和RT-PCR技术对采自安徽地区的蚕豆病株进行检测,确定其病原为蚕豆萎蔫病毒2号Broad bean wilt virus 2(BBWV2)。为明确BBWV2安徽分离物(BBWV2-AH)的分类地位,克隆了该分离物的全基因组序列,分析了其基因组特征。结果表明,BBWV2-AH RNA1全长为5 944 bp(GenBank登录号:KY606992),含有1个ORF;BBWV2-AH RNA2全长3 587bp(GenBank登录号:KY606993),含有1个ORF。全序列核苷酸和氨基酸相似性分析显示,BBWV2-AH RNA1与BBWV2其他分离物的核苷酸、氨基酸相似性分别为78.4%~96%和87.1%~99%;BBWV2-AH RNA2与BBWV2其他分离物的核苷酸、氨基酸相似性分别为76.8%~95.5%和88.2%~98.3%。全基因组核苷酸序列系统发育分析显示,BBWV2-AH RNA1与中国的BBWV2-Hunan RNA1的亲缘关系最近,而BBWV2-AH RNA2与韩国的多个分离物聚集在一起,再与中国的分离物BBWV2-B935形成一个分支。 相似文献
6.
香石竹斑驳病毒(Carnation mottle virus, CarMV)是侵染香石竹的主要病毒之一。本试验从12 个香石竹品种中获得CarMV 分离物,通过RT-PCR 扩增包含p7、p9、CP 3 个主要基因的片段,并对扩增产物进行克隆测序。通过序列比对发现CarMV 的p7、p9、CP 3 个基因有较高的稳定性,p7 基因核苷酸序列相似性为98. 10% ,氨基酸序列相似性为97. 81% ,其中氨基酸的第11 和14 位存在显著差异;p9 基因核苷酸序列的相似性为98. 80% ,氨基酸序列相似性为99. 13% ,氨基酸序列在第4 差异明显;CP 基因核酸序列相似性为97. 58% ,氨基酸的相似性为98. 43% ,氨基酸序列的第164 和331 位的变异存在相关性,整个CP 变异位点比较分散。证实p7 和p9 的变异位点主要集中在暴露与寄主互作相关的N 端,推测这是导致病毒变异,与寄主互作变异的重要位点。 相似文献
7.
菜豆金色花叶病毒属病毒是一类在全球热带及亚热带地区造成严重经济损失的植物病毒,田间杂草是这类病毒重要的中间寄主。 本研究从云南省玉溪市采集了表现黄脉的青蒿植株,通过PCR扩增、克隆及测序从样品中获得两条菜豆金色花叶病毒属病毒DNA-A全基因组序列,分别为YN6393-23和YN6393-27,其全长均为2 739 bp,相似性为100%。序列分析发现,YN6393-23和YN6393-27的核苷酸序列与烟草曲茎病毒Tobacco curly shoot virus(TbCSV）的分离物YN4584的核苷酸序列相似性最高,为99.45%。根据国际病毒分类委员会对菜豆金色花叶病毒属病毒种的分类标准,全基因组序列相似性大于91%则为同种病毒,表明此病毒分离物为烟草曲茎病毒的一个分离物。这是菜豆金色花叶病毒属病毒侵染青蒿植株的首次报道。 相似文献
8.
利用RT-PCR结合RACE方法,从采自河南南阳的甘薯样品上获得甘薯病毒C中国分离物(SPVC-Ch1)的全长基因组序列。序列分析结果表明,SPVC-Ch1基因组由1 0846个核苷酸组成,3'末端包含poly(A)尾序。基因组含有1个由10 446个核苷酸构成的开放阅读框,编码一个由3 481个氨基酸残基构成的393 k Da多聚蛋白。将SPVC-Ch1与Gen Bank中登录的其他SPVC分离物序列进行比较分析发现,SPVC不同分离物间全基因组核苷酸序列相似性为92.7%~98.9%,多聚蛋白的氨基酸序列相似性为95.1%~99.2%,SPVC-Ch1与Bungo分离物的相似性最高,与C1分离物的相似性最低。系统进化树分析结果表明,SPVC-Ch1与日本的Bungo、以色列的IL、韩国的CW135和UN202等分离物形成一个分支,亲缘关系较近。这是SPVC中国分离物全基因组序列的首次报道,研究结果丰富了SPVC全基因组序列信息,有助于全面了解SPVC种群的遗传进化关系。 相似文献
9.
河南省地黄病毒病初步鉴定 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
利用血清学、RT-PCR并结合核苷酸序列测定等方法,对河南省地黄病毒病进行了初步鉴定。结果表明,烟草花叶病毒(TMV)为侵染地黄的主要病毒;对TMV地黄分离物(TMV-RH) CP基因的序列分析结果表明,TMV-RH与TMV-U1株系CP基因的核苷酸同源性为86.5%,氨基酸同源性为94.3%;与已发表的TMV其它株系CP基因的核苷酸同源性在76.3%~88.5%之间,氨基酸同源性在79.3%~95.0%之间,同源性较低。根据不同株系CP的氨基酸序列进化树分析,推测该分离物可能为TMV的一个新株系。 相似文献
10.
为了解甘薯褪绿斑病毒(sweet potato chlorotic fleck virus, SPCFV)在山东省的发生及遗传进化情况,分别于2019年和2020年采集了131份甘薯样品,针对SPCFV进行病毒检测、全基因序列扩增、序列分析及遗传进化树构建。结果显示：SPCFV两年的检出率分别为7.1%和5.6%,所有SPCFV感染样品中皆为SPCFV与其他病毒的复合侵染。通过RACE和RT-PCR获得CFV-SD1和CFV-SD2两个全基因组序列,全长均为9 105 bp;与已报道分离物核苷酸序列一致性为72.9%～89.5%。全基因组遗传进化分析显示所有SPCFV分离物聚为两簇。且从不同样品中获得6个SPCFV山东分离物的外壳蛋白(coat protein, CP)序列,基于CP氨基酸序列开展遗传进化分析表明,山东分离物均归于亚洲类群的第一簇(Asian isolates 1)。氨基酸偏好性分析显示,CP氨基酸序列N端前35位同样存在多变区。本研究表明了山东省已成为SPCFV的常发区域,且病毒群体存在多样性,研究结果为指导SPCFV的有效防控提供了理论依据。 相似文献
11.
枯草芽胞杆菌对离体荔枝果实霜疫霉病、炭疽病的防治效果 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
为了进一步明确从土壤中筛选得到的拮抗细菌OR-1、OR-2、OR-3、ON-6的分类地位和生防效果,采用形态学观察、理化特性结合分子生物学方法,鉴定这4株细菌皆为枯草芽胞杆菌Bacillussubitilis.拮抗菌对荔枝霜疫霉菌、炭疽菌菌丝生长均具有明显抑制作用,ON-6菌株的发酵液对菌丝生长的抑制率最高,分别为92.34％和70.36％,其次是OR-1菌株.拮抗菌处理组褐变指数均小于对照组以及杀菌剂处理组,且差异达显著水平(P＜0.05),OR-1菌株防褐变效果最好.常温下,拮抗菌发酵液对离体鲜果病害防治效果优于对照组和杀菌剂处理组,其中ON-6菌株的防治效果最佳;4℃低温储藏处理40天后,拮抗菌发酵液处理组的防治效果高于对照和杀菌剂处理组,且差异显著(P＜0.05),以ON-6和ON-3菌株的防治效果最佳.表明拮抗菌发酵液对荔枝鲜果上的霜疫霉菌和炭疽病菌有一定的抑制作用. 相似文献
12.
T. Santi-Gadelha B.A.M. RochaC.A.A. Gadelha H.C. SilvaR.E.R. Castellon F.J.T. GonçalvesD.O. Toyama M.H. ToyamaA.J.F. de Souza L.O.S. BeriamJ.L. Martins P.P. JoazeiroB.S. Cavada 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2012,103(1):15-22
Acacia farnesiana lectin-like protein (AFAL) showed bacterioestatic effects against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. passiflorae (Gram-negative) and Clavibacter michiganensis michiganensis (Gram-positive), with the latter being more sensitive. This effect is probably due to the ability of AFAL to interact with the bacterial cell wall where we observed that AFAL induced macroscopic change. The maximum bacterial growth inhibition was approximately 78% when incubated with Gram-negative strains, and as high as 92% percent for the Gram-positive one. The antibacterial effect of flavonoids (rutin, quercetin and morin) was also observed using low concentrations against both bacterial strains. Prior incubation of both with AFAL at high concentrations increases the inhibitory effect of flavonoids on bacterial growth. The potential use of AFAL as a control agent against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita was investigated as well, showing anti-nematode properties involving both egg hatching and motility. In the juvenile second-stage, AFAL showed reduction in larval mobility when measured against a control group. The results suggest that AFAL is effective against M. incognita and could be used as a component of integrated pest management programs. These data also suggest that lectins probably play a role in plant defense not only against invertebrate phytopathogens, herbivores and fungi but also against bacteria. 相似文献
13.
为阐明苏云金杆菌Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)与白蛾周氏啮小蜂Chouioia cunea Yang的协同作用,分别用103~108孢子/m L的6个Bt浓度处理美国白蛾Hyphantria cunea 2龄幼虫后,通过室内试验测定了Bt对其致死、亚致死效应,及亚致死浓度Bt对寄生蜂子代出蜂的影响。结果表明,浓度106孢子/m L处理组美国白蛾均未能化蛹;而106孢子/m L处理组均能化蛹并羽化,且幼虫发育历期随Bt浓度的增加而延长,平均蛹重在74.92~92.18 mg之间,均高于对照的68.66 mg,但蛹重不呈线性规律变化。当Bt对美国白蛾平均校正死亡率低于17.17%时,幼虫发育历期延迟不明显,但平均蛹重为101.11~124.34 mg,均高于对照;接蜂后能够正常出蜂,出蜂率为33.13%~51.25%,每蛹出蜂量为117.43~143.42头,均显著高于对照。表明用平均校正死亡率低于20%的Bt处理对白蛾周氏啮小蜂的寄生有利,2种生防措施协同作用存在增效潜力。 相似文献
14.
溴氰虫酰胺和氯虫苯甲酰胺对三种鳞翅目害虫的毒力作用比较 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
为比较溴氰虫酰胺和氯虫苯甲酰胺对甜菜夜蛾、玉米螟和小地老虎的作用差异,采用浸卵法、浸叶法、饲喂毒营养液法等测定了溴氰虫酰胺和氯虫苯甲酰胺对3种害虫的卵、3龄幼虫和成虫的毒力,以及对其3龄幼虫的拒食活性。结果表明,溴氰虫酰胺和氯虫苯甲酰胺均无杀卵作用,但能降低初孵幼虫存活率。溴氰虫酰胺对甜菜夜蛾、玉米螟和小地老虎3龄幼虫的LC50值分别为0.11、0.05和0.13 mg/L,相对毒力分别是氯虫苯甲酰胺的2.8、2.7和5.1倍。溴氰虫酰胺对3种害虫成虫的LC50值分别为0.11、0.09和0.22 mg/L,相对毒力分别是氯虫苯甲酰胺的3.9、3.8和2.7倍。溴氰虫酰胺在亚致死浓度0.10、0.05和0.14 mg/L的剂量下分别对甜菜夜蛾、玉米螟和小地老虎3龄幼虫表现出较强的拒食作用,处理48 h后达到最高,拒食率分别为85.58%、81.91%和86.11%。药剂处理试虫虫体皱缩,体节缩短,体重增加率明显低于对照处理。表明溴氰虫酰胺对3种鳞翅目害虫的毒力作用比氯虫苯甲酰胺好,可作为氯虫苯甲酰胺的替代药品。 相似文献
15.
Atsushi Seino An Jang Tan Yoshiaki Kono Takahiro Shiotsuki 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2007,88(1):92-101
Two acetylcholinesterases (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) cDNAs were identified and cloned from silkworm, Bombyx mori. One of those, BmAChE-o cDNA, is comprised of 3197 nucleotides which encode 638 amino acids, having an amino acid sequence homology of 72% with Drosophila melanogaster Ace-orthologous AChE (AO-AChE). In some species, another AChE group based on the sequence, Drosophila Ace-paralogous AChE (AP-AChE) has been recognized in relation to organophosphate- or carbamate-resistance, but there have been few reports of AP-AChE among lepidopteran species. However, we isolated the AP-AChE from lepidopteran silkworm, and cloned full ORF as BmAChE-p, which cDNA consisted of 2465 nucleotides that encode 683 amino acids. The homologies with other AP-AChEs were over 60% when compared. Although silkworm is not a target of pesticides, the genomic information obtained in this study will contribute to insecticide-resistance study on lepidopteran pest species. 相似文献
16.
We investigated the molecular basis of resistance in a strain of house fly (BJD) from Beijing, China. This strain showed 567-fold resistance to commonly used deltamethrin. Flies were 64-fold resistant to deltamethrin synergized by piperonyl butoxide (PBO). The 5′-flanking sequence of the cytochrome P450 gene CYP6D1 in BJD strain had a 15-bp insert as in the LPR strain. Two mutations (kdr, super-kdr) in the voltage sensitive sodium channel (VSSC) were also detected in the BJD strain. Our results showed that a combination of resistance alleles for CYP6D1 and VSSC existed in deltamethrin resistant house flies in China. 相似文献
17.
María Elena Sáenz Walter Darío Di Marzio Jose Luis Alberdi 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2012,104(1):50-57
Aquatic environments of the pampasic region of Argentina are severely affected by agricultural contamination due to an increase in a glyphosate tolerant transgenic variety of soybean crops. The present study is aimed to determine the effects of a commonly used Cyfluthrin commercial formulation (CCF) on growth, some physiological and biochemical parameter of four species of green algae. Significant inhibition of algal growth was observed from 0.1 mg Cyf/l. 96 h IC50 were between 0.92 and 4.85 mg Cyf/l. CCF caused algicidal effects. Photosynthesis was stimulated by 50% in Scenedesmus quadricauda cultures exposed to the lowest concentration (hormesis). Algal photosynthesis inhibition was observed at higher concentrations with IC50 values between 1.7 and 8.9 mg Cyf/l. Similar toxicity endpoints were found as a consequence of applying the traditional methodology of short-term chronic toxicity test of 96 h of exposition and the methodology developed using the Clark type photosynthetic oxygen evolution method. CAT activity was significantly increased between 23% and 33% considering the four species, at a lower concentration than those affecting algal growth and photosynthesis, indicating a potential biomarker. Taking into account that the extent of the soybean crops in the region is about fourteen million hectares, the improvement and extension of environmental tools for early detection of the action of pesticides on this essential group of organisms are discussed. 相似文献
18.
Fayez A. Bakry Ragaa T. MohamedKarem El-Hommossany 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2011,99(2):174-180
The molluscicidal activity of cold water, boiled water, methanol, ethanol, acetone and chloroform extracts of Solanum siniacum and Artemisia judaica L. plants against Biomphalaria alexandrina snails was carried out. The tests revealed plant’s ethanol extract was more toxic to the snails than the other tested extracts. Therefore, it was tested against snails’ fecundity (Mx), reproduction rate (R0) and their infection with Schistosoma mansoni miracidia. In addition, biochemical parameters and the activities of some enzymes in tissues of snails treated with the two tested plants were determined. As well, glucose concentration in snails’ hemolymph was evaluated. Exposure of B. alexandrina snails to plant’s ethanol extract led to a significant reduction in their survival and snails’ fecundity, reproduction rate. In addition, it caused a considerable reduction in the infectivity of S. mansoni miracidia to the snails. Also, it caused a reduction in number of cercariae per snail during the patent period and in the period of cercarial shedding. The results revealed that the glucose concentration in hemolymph and Lactate level in soft tissues of treated snails were increased (P < 0.001) while glycogen, total protein, the lipid content and the pyruvate level in snail’s tissues decreased (P < 0.001). The activities of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), pyruvatekinase (PK) and cytochrome oxidase (CY) enzymes in homogenate of snail’s tissues were reduced (P < 0.001) in response to treatment with the two tested plants while protease (PR) activity increased (P < 0.001). It is concluded that the application of LC25 of ethanol extract of S. siniacum and A. judaica L. may be helpful in snail control as it interferes with the snails’ biology and physiology. 相似文献
19.
Seyyedeh Masoumeh Hasheminia Jalal Jalali Sendi Khalil Talebi JahromiSaeid Moharramipour 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2011,99(3):244-249
The biological effects of two important medicinal plants, Artemisia annua L. and Achillea millefolium (L.) (viz, mortality, growth, and feeding indices as well as enzyme and non-enzymatic activities) were studied on small white Pieris rapae L a deleterious pest of cruciferous plants under controlled conditions (16:8 h L:D at 25 ± 1 °C and 65 ± 5% RH). The LC50 and LC25 values were 9.387% and 3.645% for A. annua L. and 4.19% and 1.69% for A. millefolium (L.), respectively. At the lowest concentration (0.625%), the deterrency was 29.826% and 44.185% for A. annua L. and A. millefolium (L.), respectively. Feeding indices were variously affected with changes in a number of parameters and an increase in larval and pupal duration. The activity level of alkaline phosphatase increased sharply while alanin and aspartate aminotransferases showed a sharp decrease. For non-enzymatic compounds, the amount of glucose and uric acid increased, but total protein and cholesterol decreased. These results indicate that these two medicinal plants might possess potential secondary metabolites that may be useful for controlling potential insect pests. 相似文献
20.
采用固相微萃取(SPME)和GC-MS分析研究木枣和酸枣挥发物成分,并测试枣镰翅小卷蛾触角电位(EAG)反应、寄主趋向和产卵选择,以探明枣镰翅小卷蛾的寄主选择机制。结果显示,在萌芽期,木枣和酸枣嫩叶的挥发成分均为罗勒烯、2-甲基-2-菠烯、α-法呢烯和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯4种,但相对含量稍有不同。枣镰翅小卷蛾成虫对木枣和酸枣2种寄主都有强烈的EAG反应,且同一寄主上雌蛾的EAG反应值极显著地高于雄蛾,其EAG值是雄蛾的3.3倍。枣镰翅小卷蛾对木枣表现强烈的趋向反应,而对酸枣的趋向不明显,且雌虫的趋向反应显著高于雄虫。木枣上的产卵量显著高于酸枣,且木枣枣吊上的单雌产卵量为307.9粒,极显著地高于酸枣枣吊上的产卵量(182.9粒)。研究表明,枣镰翅小卷蛾雌蛾在寄主选择中起主导作用,木枣是其嗜好寄主。 相似文献