共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 828 毫秒
1.
微生物菌肥对草原矿区排土场土壤微生物与土壤酶活性的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
[目的]研究施入微生物菌肥对土壤微生物数量及主要土壤酶活性的影响,为利用微生物菌肥改良草原矿区排土场恶劣土壤环境提供理论依据。[方法]采用完全随机区组设计,设微生物菌肥2种施用方法、3种施用量,对不同施肥处理后土壤中可培养细菌、真菌、放线菌菌落数量进行测定,分析土壤过氧化氢酶活性、蔗糖酶活性、脲酶活性、碱性磷酸酶活性变化。[结果]施用微生物菌肥土壤中可培养细菌、真菌、放线菌菌落数量均显著高于未施肥处理(p0.05);施用微生物菌肥土壤中脲酶、蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性比未施肥样地分别增加29.0%,92.6%,25.7%,75.7%;土壤可培养细菌、真菌、放线菌菌落数量与土壤酶活性之间有一定的相关性;在微生物菌肥沟施法与较大的菌肥施用量作用下土壤可培养细菌、真菌、放线菌菌落数量较高,土壤酶活性较强。[结论]微生物菌肥添加使草原矿区排土场土壤中微生物菌落数量增加、土壤酶活性增强,施用微生物菌肥改善了原状土壤环境,增加了土壤肥力。 相似文献
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全膜覆土穴播种植冬小麦对旱地土壤微生物数量及生物量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的]揭示全膜覆土穴播种植方式对土壤微生态环境的影响,为其进一步推广应用提供参考依据。[方法]采用田间试验,研究不同覆膜种植方式对冬小麦各生育期土壤微生物数量和微生物量的影响。[结果]全膜覆土穴播方式可明显增加冬小麦各生育期的土壤微生物数量(除自生固氮细菌)以及微生物量C和N。与传统栽培方式相比,全膜覆土穴播方式和全膜不覆土穴播方式土壤细菌、放线菌、真菌分别平均提高32.07%和10.23%,31.27%和10.57%,44.56%和26.51%;氨化细菌和硝化细菌分别平均提高32.54%和37.80%,79.20%和107.22%;微生物量C和N含量分别平均提高29.90%,20.68%%和29.41%,18.02%。各处理土壤微生物数量和微生物量整体从小麦返青期开始升高,到拔节期或抽穗期达到峰值,生长后期有所下降。[结论]全膜穴播方式下土壤微生物数量和微生物量土壤随土层的加深呈减少的趋势。全膜覆土穴播方式有利于冬小麦土壤微生物数量和微生物量的提高。 相似文献
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双季稻田冬闲期土壤细菌数量及结构对施氮的响应 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
[目的]研究不同施氮水平对湖南双季稻区冬闲期土壤细菌结构与数量的影响,为双季稻区水稻可持续生产提供理论依据。[方法]依托湖南省双季稻区连续8年的定位试验,选取3个氮肥水平处理:CK(不施氮肥)、N1(施N 100 kg/hm^2)、N2(施N 200 kg/hm^2),取稻田冬闲期5—20 cm耕层土样,采用高通量测序和荧光定量PCR方法测定了土壤细菌数量与结构。[结果]与CK相比,N1、N2处理显著增加了双季稻产量,提升了冬闲期土壤总氮、全碳含量,降低了土壤pH、硝态氮及碳氮比(P<0.05)。N1和N2处理的细菌16s rDNA基因拷贝数分别为CK的48.25和40.31倍。施氮显著增加土壤总细菌丰度,土壤细菌丰度与土壤全氮、碳氮比呈显著正相关,与土壤全碳呈显著负相关。施氮改变了冬闲期稻田土壤细菌的多样性及群落结构。与CK相比,N1处理提高了稻田土壤微生物多样性;N2处理显著增加稻田土壤细菌丰富度,但显著降低稻田土壤细菌多样性。此外,3个处理土壤菌群相对丰度最高的是Proteobacteria(变形菌门),达40.16%~51.16%。N2处理的变形菌门相对丰度显著高于CK与N1,N1处理的变形菌门相对丰度显著低于CK。3个处理属水平细菌相对丰度较高的是Anaerolineaceae_uncultured(厌氧绳菌属)和Nitrospira(硝化螺旋菌属),其相对丰度分别为8.6%~14.56%和8.16%~11.46%。Spearman相关性分析显示,11个优势门菌群数量均与土壤化学性质存在显著相关性。稻田11个优势菌群的数量与土壤化学性质显著相关。[结论]湖南双季稻区施氮降低冬闲期稻田土壤pH和C/N比,低施氮水平可增加稻田微生物多样性,高施氮量虽然增加稻田细菌丰富度,但降低了微生物多样性。 相似文献
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[目的] 研究藻菌混合结皮对土壤水肥保持及玉米幼苗生长的影响,为土壤治理与改良策略提供理论依据。[方法] 使用来自内蒙古翁牛特沙漠的2种产胞外多糖的细菌（Sphingomonas sp.D3-1和Massilia armeniaca sp.ZMN-3）和2种藻类（Cladophora aegagrophila D3-a和Nostoc sphaeroides0 D3-25）制备成藻菌混合剂后,喷洒至土壤表面,形成土壤结皮。研究藻菌混合结皮与土壤水肥保持、微生物数量及酶活性的关系,及其对玉米幼苗的影响。[结果] 与对照相比,藻菌混合结皮明显延缓了土壤水分的流失速度,并使氮、磷和钾的平均淋失效率分别减少了76.9%,64.4%和47.8%,土壤中的细菌、真菌和放线菌数量分别增加了8.3,1.8和3.1倍,芽孢杆菌的数量下降了12.4%。另外,在玉米盆栽中,藻菌混合结皮使玉米幼苗的地上部鲜/干重、根部鲜/干重和地上/下部长度分别提升30.0%/55.6%,55.4%/38.5%和16.5%/18.0%,叶绿素含量增加15.0%。[结论] 藻类与产胞外多糖的细菌共同形成的藻菌混合结皮,明显改善了土壤的水肥保持效果,可作为治理土壤的新途径加以推广。 相似文献
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解钾细菌与黏土矿物协同促进玉米生长提高土壤养分有效性 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
为了揭示解钾细菌在西北矿区浅埋古河道土壤中对植物生长和土壤养分利用的影响,通过日光温室短期盆栽的方式,以不同黏土矿物配比的人工培土为基质模拟古河道不同质地土壤,以西北地区常见农作物玉米为宿主,研究解钾细菌在人工培土基质中的微生物数量变化规律,以及二者协同作用对玉米生长和矿质养分吸收的影响。结果表明:1)土壤黏土矿物含量增大有利于提高土壤解钾细菌数量,促进微生物活性。当黏土矿物质量分数为68%,速效钾质量分数约170 mg/kg时,解钾细菌数量最大;2)玉米地上部分干质量、根冠比、根系活力随黏土矿物含量增大而增大,以解钾细菌作用下黏土矿物质量分数68%的玉米生长效果最佳;3)在解钾细菌作用下,植物氮磷钾积累量和土壤养分利用的最佳土壤黏土矿物质量分数为45%、68%和75%,土壤钾素、氮素和磷素最大利用率分别达到65%、53%和17%;4)解钾细菌在土壤钾素含量低时促进土壤磷素吸收,土壤钾素过量时,促进土壤氮磷钾的吸收,提高土壤养分利用率。因此,土壤黏土矿物与解钾细菌相互作用,而且积极影响植物生长和土壤养分的吸收利用,这对进一步探寻适合矿区浅埋古河道土壤的微生物复垦技术,深入改良和开发矿区退化土壤具有重要意义。 相似文献
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第四类脲酶抑制剂对土壤脲酶活性和微生物量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的]研究第四类脲酶抑制剂对土壤微生物的影响,揭示此类脲酶抑制剂的微生物学效应,为农业生产中施用含Schiff碱配合物型脲酶抑制剂缓控释尿素的安全性评价提供理论依据。[方法]采用室内恒温恒湿培养的方法,测定在不同浓度(按尿素施用量的0.1%,0.5%,1%)新型Schiff碱铜配合物型脲酶抑制剂作用下土壤脲酶活性以及土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌微生物量指标。[结果]①当抑制剂施用浓度为0.1%和0.5%时对土壤脲酶活性影响不显著,当施用浓度为1%时,对土壤脲酶活性抑制效果最好,最大抑制率达40.8%,起到了适度调控的目的;②土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌对尿素水解的敏感程度不同,其中放线菌和真菌比较敏感,尿素水解对其最大抑制率分别为46.4%和89.7%。与此相反,尿素的水解反而会促进细菌生长,最大促进率达83.6%;③第四类脲酶抑制能够促进土壤细菌、放线菌和真菌的生长,其对细菌、放线菌和真菌的最大促进率分别为86.2%,31.9%和83.6%。因此第四类脲酶抑制剂对土壤放线菌生长的促进作用较小,对土壤细菌和真菌生长的促进作用较大。[结论]第四类脲酶抑制剂对土壤脲酶活性有很好地抑制作用且能促进土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌的生长,施用抑制剂浓度为1%时效果最显著,即1%为其最佳用量。 相似文献
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[目的] 开展砒砂岩区土壤微生物活性及其环境影响因素研究,为发掘本土微生物资源及区域生态环境保护和建设奠定基础。[方法] 以鄂尔多斯砒砂岩区为研究对象,通过实地考察取样,测算土壤微生物数量、酶活性、理化性质以及植被相关指标,分析坡面环境梯度土壤微生物数量分布特征、土壤生态功能、植被多样差异之间的相互影响。[结果] ①砒砂岩区土壤微生物区系中细菌为优势类群,放线菌次之,真菌很少。坡位环境梯度间土壤微生物各生理类群数量差异显著。②不同坡位土壤磷酸酶、蔗糖酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶活性各异但含量极低。真菌数量与酸性磷酸酶显著正相关,细菌数量与脲酶显著负相关,放线菌数量与磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶显著或极其显著正相关。③研究区土壤水稳性团聚体粒径多集中于0.25~0.5 mm;阴坡0.25~0.5 mm土壤粒径比例大,0.106~0.25 mm粒径比例小,而阳坡和沟底与之相反;土壤含水率呈现：阴坡 > 沟底 > 阳坡;土壤的pH值、铵态氮、有效磷、全碳、全钙含量均为阳坡顶大于其他坡位。细菌数量与含水率、钙含量,放线菌数量与酸碱度均极显著负相关。④环境因子可解释土壤微生物数量差异的90%,其中坡位和土层影响最大（37.31%）,植被次之（29.83%）,土壤理化性质影响最小（22.86%）。在土壤理化性质中,团聚体粒径、含水率及pH值影响较大。[结论] 砒砂岩区坡位加剧土壤微生物数量和生理类群的分化,微生物的生存能力随着环境条件的下降而下降;生存环境适中的沟底孕育着该区生态修复关键的本土植被及土壤微生物资源。 相似文献
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[目的]探索退化干旱山地不同保水措施对土壤理化特征的影响,为北方干旱退化山区土壤环境改良提供科学依据。[方法]以太行山新垦片麻岩山地新植核桃园为试材,进行保水剂、玉米秸秆覆盖和地膜覆盖等保水措施的不同组合处理,研究土壤养分和微生物数量的变化。[结果]秸秆覆盖能显著提高土壤养分含量和微生物数量。细菌、放线菌数量和有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、有效磷、速效钾含量较对照分别提高了14.04%,17.42%,25.53%,60.29%,25.90%,15.31%,143.67%和51.44%。保水剂使得土壤养分含量和微生物数量略有下降。地膜覆盖降低了土壤细菌、真菌、放线菌、纤维素分解菌数量和有机质、全氮、全磷含量,较对照分别降低了27.19%,21.0%,10.11%,31.07%,1.11%,22.06%和6.06%,却提高了土壤全钾、有效磷、速效钾含量,较对照分别提高了12.6%,9.65%,8.09%。多元组合处理对土壤养分含量和微生物数量的影响相互之间差异较大;而保水剂+秸秆覆盖+地膜覆盖的组合并没有达到最佳效果;在所有处理中,保水剂+秸秆覆盖的组合对土壤的改良效果最好,与对照相比,提高土壤细菌、放线菌数量和有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、有效磷、速效钾含量分别达16.67%,3.37%,6.64%,92.65%,12.67%,1.8%,94.25%和105.76%。[结论]土壤养分、微生物数量与土壤水热气状况密切相关;保水措施在改变土壤水热气状况的同时,也改变了土壤养分和微生物数量。 相似文献
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利用功能细菌辅助植物固定重金属是目前农田土壤污染修复中高效且环境友好的方式,其中细菌与矿物间相互作用广泛存在,包括细菌对矿物的溶解作用、矿物对细菌活性的影响以及细菌-矿物复合体的形成等,并贯穿整个修复过程。一方面,细菌与矿物互作会影响细菌的活性和表面特性,如带电性、表面官能团位点类型及浓度等,进而影响细菌对重金属的生物吸附行为以及辅助植物修复作用的发挥;另一方面,细菌-矿物结合形成的复合体较单一细菌、矿物组分对重金属的固定行为不同,在重金属修复过程中发挥不可忽视的作用。本文综合分析细菌与矿物的结合作用、细菌对矿物的溶解作用以及矿物对细菌活性的影响,阐述细菌-土壤矿物(矿物材料)复合体在重金属污染修复中的应用潜能,为复合体应用于重金属污染土壤环境提供理论依据。 相似文献
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Effects of Organic Anions on Phosphate Adsorption and Desorption from Variable—Charge Clay Minerals and Soil 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
HEZHEN－LI YUANKE－NENG 《土壤圈》1992,2(1):1-11
Effects of citrate and tartrate on phosphate adsorption and desorption from kaolinite,goethite,amorphous Al-oxide and Ultisol were studied.P adsorption was significantly decreased as the concentration of the organic anions increased from 10^-5 to 10^-1 M.At 0.1 M and pH 7.0,tartrate decreased P adsorption by 27.6%-50.6% and citrate by 37.9-80.4%,depending on the kinds of adsorbent.Little Al and/or Fe were detected in the equilibrium solutions,even at the highest concentration of the organic anions.Effects of the organic anions on phosphate adsorption follow essentially the competitive adsorption mechanism.The selectivity coefficients for competitive adsorption can be used to compare the effectiveness of different organic anions in reducing P adsorption under given gonditions. Phosphate desorption was increased by 3 to 100 times in the presence of 0.001 M citrate or tartrate compared to that in 0.02 M KCl solution alone.However,for all the soil and clay minerals studied the amount of P desorbed by citrate or tartrate was generally lower than or close to that of isotopically exchangeable P.The effect of organic anions on phosphate desorption arises primarily from ligand exchange. 相似文献
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有机阴离子对磷酸根吸附的影响 总被引：50，自引：5，他引：50
在中性条件下,低浓度的柠檬酸、草酸、酒石酸和胡敏酸阴离子都能显著降低针铁矿、非晶氧化铝、高岭石和红壤对磷酸根的吸附,尤其在低磷吸附饱和度下效果更好。有机阴离子抑制磷酸根吸附的能力因有机酸的种类和性质、以及固相的表面特性而异。有机阴离子存在下吸附的磷酸根具有较高的同位素32P交换活性和解吸率。测定了吸附平衡溶液中铁和铝的浓度。结果表明,在实验条件下(pH 7.0),即使较高浓度的有机酸根(10-2mol)也只能溶解极少量的铁和铝。有机阴离子络溶作用不足以说明固相吸附磷能力的显著下降。可见,有机阴离子降低磷酸根吸附的机制主要是竞争专性吸附。有机阴离子占据了一部分高亲和力的吸附位,从而降低了土壤固相吸附磷的量,增加了吸附态磷的活性。 相似文献
13.
Extracellular enzymatic activities in soils are essential for the cycling of organic matter. These activities take place in multiphase environments where solid phases profoundly affect biocatalytic activities. Aspergillus niger is ubiquitous in soils; its β-glucosidase plays an important role in the degradation of cellulose, and therefore in the global carbon cycle and in the turnover of soil organic matter. However, the information on the interactions of this protein with soil minerals is very limited, and even less is known about their consequences for the hydrolysis of the natural substrate cellobiose. We therefore characterised the sorptive interactions of this enzyme with the soil minerals montmorillonite, kaolinite and goethite and quantified the resulting changes in the hydrolysis rate of cellobiose. Fractions of adsorbed protein, and the resulting catalytic activity loss, were lower for montmorillonite than for kaolinite and goethite at given experimental conditions; adsorption was 9.7 ± 7.3% for montmorillonite, 70.3 ± 3.1% for kaolinite and 71.4 ± 1.8% for goethite, respectively. Adsorption of the protein to the minerals caused a total decrease in the catalytic activity of 18.8 ± 3.4% for kaolinite and 17.9 ± 4.7% for goethite whereas it was not significant for montmorillonite. The average catalytic activity lost by the pool of adsorbed molecules was 26.8% for kaolinite and 25.0% for goethite. Both the amount of adsorbed protein and the resulting loss of catalytic activity were found to be independent of the specific surface areas yet were influenced by the electrical properties of the mineral surfaces. Under the experimental conditions, montmorillonite and kaolinite are negatively charged whereas goethite is positively charged. However, because of the adsorption of phosphate anions from the buffer, a charge reversal took place at the surface of goethite. This was confirmed by zeta (ζ)-potential measurements in phosphate buffer, revealing negative values for all the tested minerals. Indeed goethite interacted with the enzyme as a negatively charged surface: the amount of adsorbed protein and the resulting catalytic activity loss were very similar to those of kaolinite. Our results show that, even if an important fraction of β-glucosidase is adsorbed to the minerals, the catalytic activity is largely retained. We suggest that this strong activity retention in presence of soil minerals results from a selective pressure on A. niger, which benefits from the activity of the adsorbed, and thus stabilized, enzyme pool. 相似文献
14.
15.
采用平衡批处理法,研究了模拟根系分泌物——酒石酸溶液的浓度(0~80 mmol L-1)、pH(2.5~7.0)对酸性磷酸酶在针铁矿、高岭石及黄棕壤和砖红壤胶体(<2μm)上的吸附及比活性影响。结果表明,当酒石酸浓度由0 mmol L-1(作为对照)升高至80 mmol L-1时,酸性磷酸酶在供试土壤胶体和矿物表面的吸附量先急剧降低(0~5mmol L-1之间),后逐渐达到平衡;以羟基化表面为主的针铁矿对酸性磷酸酶的吸附百分率受酒石酸浓度的影响最大,吸附百分率从对照的96.2%降至80 mmolL-1酒石酸浓度时的33.7%,其他以层状铝硅酸盐矿物为主的供试土壤胶体和高岭石则受影响较小,吸附百分率从对照的76.3%~60.6%降至80 mmol L-1酒石酸浓度时的56.2%~41.6%。酸性磷酸酶在酒石酸体系中的最大吸附pH点均在该酶的等电点酸侧,这可能与酒石酸对矿物表面的电荷性质改变有关;酒石酸体系中,针铁矿上酸性磷酸酶的比活性远高于其它供试土壤胶体,该酶的最适比活性点随胶体类型的不同而无变化或有所高移。 相似文献
16.
《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(10):1436-1448
The adsorption and specific activities of acid phosphatase on soil colloids and minerals in oxalate systems with different pH values were studied using the batch method. Results indicated that the amount of phosphatase adsorption decreased in the following order: goethite ? yellow-brown soil (YBS) > kaolinite > latosol, and the specific activities of immobilized phosphatase were goethite > latosol > kaolinite > YBS. The profiles of enzymatic adsorption and specific activity on soil minerals were bell shaped, and their change tendencies were out of sync. The optimal pH for phosphatase adsorption was located between the isoelectric point of phosphatase and the zero point of charge of the studied soil minerals, and the optimal pH for the specific activity of the immobilized enzyme either did not change or shifted toward alkalinity. Enzymatic adsorption amounts and specific activities were greater when the enzyme was added before oxalate than when enzyme was added after oxalate. 相似文献
17.
Adsorption and desorption of salmon sperm DNA on four different colloidal fractions from Brown Soil and clay minerals were studied. The adsorption isotherms of DNA on the examined soil colloids and minerals conformed to the Langmuir equation. The amount of DNA adsorbed followed the order: montmorillonite?fine inorganic clay>fine organic clay>kaolinite>coarse inorganic clay>coarse organic clay. A marked decrease in the adsorption of DNA on organic clays and montmorillonite was observed with the increase of pH from 2.0 to 5.0. Negligible DNA was adsorbed by organic clays above pH 5.0. As for inorganic clays and kaolinite, a slow decrease in DNA adsorption was found with increasing pH from 2.0 to 9.0. The results implied that electrostatic interactions played a more important role in DNA adsorption on organic clays and montmorillonite. Magnesium ion was more efficient than sodium ion in promoting DNA adsorption on soil colloids and minerals. DNA molecules on soil colloids and minerals were desorbed by sequential washing with 10 mM Tris, 100 mM NaCl and 100 mM phosphate at pH 7.0. A percentage of 53.7-64.4% of adsorbed DNA on organic clays and montmorillonite was released, while only 10.7-15.2% of DNA on inorganic clays and kaolinite was desorbed by Tris and NaCl. The percent desorption of DNA from inorganic clays, organic clays, montmorillonite and kaolinite by phosphate was 39.7-42.2, 23.6-28.8, 29.7 and 11.4%, respectively. Data from this work indicated that fine clays dominate the amount of DNA adsorption and coarse clays play a more important role in the binding affinity of DNA in soil. Organic matter may not favor DNA adsorption in permanent-charge soil. The information obtained is of fundamental significance for the understanding of the ultimate fate of extracellular DNA in soil. 相似文献
18.
有机酸对高岭石, 针铁矿和水铝英石吸附镉的影响 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
Effects of organic acids （oxalic, acetic, and citric） on adsorption characteristics of Cadmium （Cd） on soil clay minerals （kaolinite, goethite, and bayerite） were studied under different concentrations and different pH values. Although the types of organic acids and minerals were different, the effects of the organic acids on the adsorption of Cd on the minerals were similar, i.e., the amount of adsorbed Cd with an initial solution pH of 5.0 and initial Cd concentration of 35 mg L^-1 increased with increasing concentration of the organic acid in solution at lower concentrations, and decreased at higher concentrations. The percentage of Cd adsorbed on the minerals in the presence of the organic acids increased considerably with increasing pH of the solution. Meanwhile, different Cd adsorption in the presence of the organic acids, due to different properties on both organic acids and clay minerals, on kaolinite, goethite, or bayerite for different pHs or organic acid concentrations was found. 相似文献
19.
Experiments were conducted to study the influences of synthetic bayerite, non-crystalline aluminum oxide (N-AlOH), goethite, non-crystalline iron oxide (N-FeOH) and kaolinite on the adsorption, activity, kinetics and thermal stability of invertase. Adsorption of invertase on iron, aluminum oxides fitted Langmuir equation. The amount of invertase held on the minerals followed the sequence kaolinite > goethite > N-AlOH > bayerite > N-FeOH. No correlation was found between enzyme adsorption and the specific surface area of minerals examined. The differences in the surface structure of minerals and the arrangement of enzymatic molecules on mineral surfaces led to the different capacities of minerals for enzyme adsorption. The adsorption of invertase on bayerite, N-AlOH, goethite, N-FeOH and kaolinite was differently affected by pH. The order for the activity of invertase adsorbed on minerals was N-FeOH > N-AlOH > bayerite > reak goethite > kaolinite. The inhibition effect of minerals on enzyme activity was kaolinite > crystalline oxides > non-crystalline oxides. The pH optimum of iron oxide- and aluminum oxide-invertase complexes was similar to that of free enzyme (pH 4.0), whereas the pH optimum of kaolinite-invertase complex was one pH unit higher than that of free enzyme. The affinity to substrate and the maximum reaction velocity as well as the thermal stability of combined invertase were lower than those of the free enzyme. 相似文献
20.
细菌在两种土壤矿物表面吸附的热力学分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
运用表面热力学方法和扩展的DLVO理论,对两种典型土壤细菌恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudom onasputida)和枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)在代表性土壤黏粒矿物高岭石和蒙脱石表面的吸附进行了分析,获得了黏粒矿物与细菌作用的疏水自由能变(ΔGH)和静电力自由能变(ΔGEL)及总自由能变(ΔG)。发现疏水自由能为负,显示疏水作用为引力,有利于细菌在黏粒矿物表面的吸附;而静电力自由能为正,表明细菌-矿物间存在静电斥力。疏水自由能显著大于静电力自由能,表明疏水作用在黏粒矿物对细菌吸附时的贡献大于静电力。两种细菌与两种矿物间的总吸附自由能为负值,意味着细菌在矿物表面的吸附是热力学自发过程。高岭石对细菌的吸附自由能大于蒙脱石对细菌的吸附自由能,表明细菌与高岭石间的亲和力较高,吸附更容易发生,这与化学吸附及滴定量热结果一致。表面热力学方法和XDLVO理论在预测细菌-矿物相互作用中有重要意义,但该方法未考虑多种非DLVO效应,如细胞表面多聚物、细菌鞭毛等在吸附反应中的作用,因此还存在一定的局限性,在揭示细菌-矿物相互作用的热力学机理方面还需与其他研究技术结合。 相似文献