共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
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针对吉林省西部土地开发整理重大项目的全面启动,阐述了吉林省西部盐碱地水稻开发的重大意义,论证了发展盐碱地水稻的可行性,分析了吉林省西部水田大开发可能存在的问题,提出了一系列的对策措施,即在吉林西部建立盐碱地水稻生态育种基地,明确育种目标,定向开展水稻耐盐碱品种选育工作;西部水田开发,要采取“政府引导、企业运作、科技支撑、农民经营”的运行机制;做好土地改良规划及水田土壤背景普查;要按科学规律办事,遵照循序渐进的原则,避免盲目开发;建立健全完善的水田服务技术体系;探索水稻销售新机制;发展环境友好型水稻生产。 相似文献
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吉林省水稻品种选育过程及品种的农艺性状和生理特性的变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
20世纪以来,吉林省水稻品种经历了五次更新,使2011年吉林省水稻单产达到535.0 kg/667 m2。本文通过对吉林省水稻育种历史的回顾和总结,结合前人研究结果及本课题组近年来对吉林省历史育成品种的农艺性状和生理特性进行的系统研究,提出吉林省下一步超级稻育种的目标株型及农艺性状特点。同时建议为提高品种选育的科学性,可将水稻生理机能纳入育种选择的范畴,水稻上3叶光合能力特别是倒3叶光合能力可作为生理机能的重要参考。 相似文献
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This experimental study assesses the effects of event rainfall on soil erosion characteristics in terraced rice paddy fields. A 0.75-ha terraced paddy field located in Northern Taiwan was used to investigate the soil erosion under the regular cultivation of rice during two crop seasons. The environmental changes were investigated in the neighboring areas in which terraced paddy fields have been converted to other land usages. The annual rate of soil erosion calculated from the observed rainfall runoff and suspended solid contained was 0.77 ton/ha, which is significantly less than the erosion rate associated with upland crop cultivation reported by other research conducted in Taiwan. Experimental results also showed that the terraced paddy field retained the highest percentages of clay, silt, and organic matter's content, as compared to those of other upland crops, indicating that the topsoil was less susceptible to rainfall erosion under flooded conditions of rice-cultivation. The results of this study show that the rice-planted terraced paddy offers the highest level of soil conservation. The function of soil and water conservation in terraced paddy fields could be further increased by effective maintenance of embankment and to raise the height of the bund. Poor management, abandoned cultivation, and converse to other upland crops of terraced paddy fields are regarded as major contributors to increased soil erosion in mountainous areas. The government in Taiwan should formulate effective measures and maintain sustainable rice cultivation in the terraced paddies. 相似文献
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稻鳖鱼虾鳅生态种养关键在于选择优质水稻品种及优质水生动物品种.从水稻种植、稻田管理、水生动物养殖、病虫害防治等方面介绍了稻鳖鱼虾鳅生态种养技术. 相似文献
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黑斑蛙养殖模式对稻田土壤肥力、土壤酶活性的影响及其经济效益 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对两种黑斑蛙养殖模式即黑斑蛙精养和稻蛙共生进行田间对比试验,旨在比较分析两种模式下的稻田土壤肥力、生物酶活性变化特征,并与水稻单作进行经济效益比较.试验结果表明,与黑斑蛙精养田相比,进行稻—蛙共生的稻田土壤全磷、全钾、碱解氮、速效钾均有所增加,增幅分别为87.5%、28.4%、10.0%、120.7%,而全氮、有效磷、有机质却低于精养田(p<0.05),分别减少了41.6%、66.7%、41.3%;但两种模式的C/N无明显差异.在土壤生物酶活方面,精养田土壤中的中性磷酸酶、脱氢酶和脲酶均明显高于稻蛙田(p<0.05),分别提高43.4%、65.9%、62.6%.水稻单作模式一般利润为1650元/公顷左右,而两种黑斑蛙养殖模式的经济效益显著高于水稻单作,其利润分别为297750、119250元/公顷,三者的产投比分别为1.99、1.60、1.18.从经济效益看,精养模式明显高于稻蛙共生模式,但从养殖管理和风险管控而言,稻蛙共生模式操作更为稳当,且经济效益较水稻单作仍较为可观,可在确保粮食安全前提下,有效提高农民生产积极性,实现保产增收、提质增效. 相似文献