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1.
本试验旨在研究金荞麦超微粉对小鼠免疫功能和生长发育的影响。将60只昆明小鼠随机等分为4组,高、中、低剂量组分别灌胃1.75、1.25、0.75 g/kg 体重金荞麦超微粉悬液,连续给药7 d;空白对照组灌胃等量的生理盐水。最后一次给药后间隔12 h,各组小鼠用鸡新城疫弱毒疫苗接种,随后在给药结束后的第7、14和21天取小鼠外周血用于分离淋巴细胞和血清,用CCK-8法测定外周血淋巴细胞增殖能力,微量血凝抑制试验评价血清中新城疫抗体水平,同时称量各组小鼠体重;给药结束后21 d测定小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬能力及脾脏指数。统计学分析结果显示,与对照组相比,中剂量金荞麦超微粉可极显著提高小鼠外周血淋巴细胞增殖能力、免疫抗体水平和体重(P<0.01),同时极显著提高腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬能力和脾脏指数(P<0.01)。试验结果表明,金荞麦超微粉能显著提高机体的特异性免疫和非特异性免疫功能,促进机体的生长发育,为开发金荞麦超微粉成为新型天然植物药、饲料添加剂提供依据。 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2020,(6)
为了探讨中药苦芪超微粉对机体免疫功能及犬细小病毒感染的治疗效果的影响,以小鼠为模型,将60只昆明小鼠随机均分为苦芪超微粉高、中、低剂量组(40,20,10 mL/kg)、药物对照组(黄芪多糖口服液,10 mL/kg)、模型组和空白对照组6个组,1～4组每天灌胃给药1次,模型组和空白对照组灌胃给予与药物对照组等剂量生理盐水;连续5 d后,1～5组腹腔注射环磷酰胺(40 mg/kg),空白对照组腹腔注射生理盐水(40 mg/kg),连续2 d,末次注射给药后,脱颈椎处死小鼠,测定胸腺指数、脾指数及脾淋巴细胞增殖率;进一步将49～55日龄自然感染的田园犬随机分成6组,分别为苦芪超微粉高、中、低剂量组,药物对照组,模型组,空白对照组,连续口服给药5 d,给药后观察7 d;统计各组有效率、死亡率和治愈率。结果显示:苦芪超微粉高、中、低剂量组均能显著增加免疫低下小鼠的胸腺指数和脾脏淋巴细胞的转化率(P0.05),高、中剂量组能显著增加脾指数(P0.05);高、中剂量组治疗犬细小病毒感染的有效率、治愈率最高。 相似文献
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【目的】探讨火炭母口服液对鼠伤寒沙门菌感染小鼠肝脏的保护作用及其机制。【方法】将48只雄性BALB/c小鼠随机分为6组：空白对照组、模型组、阳性药物组及火炭母高、中、低剂量组,每组8只。阳性药物组小鼠灌胃庆大霉素（20 mg/kg）,火炭母高、中、低剂量组小鼠分别灌胃16、8和4 g/kg火炭母,空白对照组和模型组小鼠分别给予等体积的PBS,连续给药8 d。预防性给药2 d后,空白对照组小鼠灌胃0.2 mL PBS,其他组小鼠一次性灌胃0.2 mL 5×104 CFU/mL鼠伤寒沙门菌溶液。给药结束后处死小鼠,解剖取肝脏,制作组织切片并经HE染色观察肝脏病理变化,平板培养基培养肝脏组织悬液检测小鼠肝脏载菌量,Western blotting检测α干扰素（IFN-α）、IFN-β、IFN-γ、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、白介素1β（IL-1β）、TANK结合激酶1（TBK1）、干扰素调节因子3（IRF3）蛋白表达水平。【结果】肝脏病理观察结果显示,模型组小鼠肝脏有淤血,大量炎性细胞浸润,肝细胞明显肿胀、排列紊乱,胞质染色加深,肝细胞坏死和凋亡;经火炭母处理后,高剂量组小鼠肝脏组织中少量炎症细胞,淤血及肝细胞坏死和凋亡的情况得到改善,肝细胞染色深、轻微肿胀、排列紊乱,而中、低剂量组除肝细胞胞质染色深、轻微肿胀、排列紊乱外,其他病变不明显。与空白对照组相比,模型组小鼠肝脏中鼠伤寒沙门菌负荷显著增加（P＜0.05）,IRF3、P-IRF3、IFN-α、IFN-β和IFN-γ表达显著下降（P＜0.05）,TNF-α和IL-1β表达水平则显著上升（P＜0.05）;与模型组相比,火炭母各剂量组小鼠肝脏中鼠伤寒沙门菌负荷均显著降低（P＜0.05）,中剂量火炭母能明显增强TBK1蛋白的磷酸化和IRF3蛋白的表达及其磷酸化水平（P＜0.05）,增加IFN-α、IFN-β、IFN-γ的蛋白水平（P＜0.05）,且能显著降低TNF-α和IL-1β的分泌（P＜0.05）。【结论】火炭母可能通过上调TBK1-IRF3途径诱导IFN产生,缓解鼠伤寒沙门菌感染致小鼠肝损伤,以8 g/kg给药剂量效果较好。 相似文献
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通过滑动运动和细胞黏附试验,研究羌活油对沙门菌体外致病性的影响。随后,选择6～8周龄雌性BALB/c小鼠灌胃攻菌建立沙门菌感染小鼠模型,并给予一定剂量的羌活油治疗。通过感染小鼠存活率、靶器官(肝脏和脾脏)菌落定植数、盲肠组织病理学和炎性细胞因子(IL-1β和TNF-α)含量等指标评价羌活油对沙门菌感染小鼠的保护作用。体外试验显示,羌活油在质量浓度为0.032 g/L时,显著抑制沙门菌的滑动运动水平,显著降低沙门菌黏附至HeLa细胞,且在有效浓度范围内不影响细菌生长和无明显细胞毒性;100 mg/kg体质量的羌活油显著提高沙门菌感染小鼠的存活率,缓解感染小鼠盲肠组织病理损伤,降低感染小鼠靶器官(肝脏和脾脏)菌落定植数和盲肠组织炎性细胞因子水平。结果表明,羌活油是一种治疗沙门菌感染的潜在药物。 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2021,(7)
旨在建立3株不同血清型沙门菌的小鼠感染模型,为抗沙门菌疫苗或药物的研发提供动物评价平台。分别用鸡白痢沙门菌、肠炎沙门菌和鼠伤寒沙门菌腹腔注射4～6周龄ICR雌鼠,根据不同剂量下小鼠的生存曲线来确定最适感染剂量。小鼠按最适感染剂量攻毒后20 h处死,测定脾脏、肝脏、空肠、回肠和盲肠部位细菌载量,并对脾脏和肠道进行病理学观察。鸡白痢沙门菌、肠炎沙门菌和鼠伤寒沙门菌对ICR小鼠腹腔注射的最适剂量分别为5.6×10~8、3.2×10~7和2.5×10~6 CFU/只。鸡白痢沙门菌主要定殖小鼠的肠道,而另外2种血清型沙门菌定殖的脏器更为广泛,可引起肝脏和脾脏病变。本研究成功建立了3株不同血清型沙门菌的ICR小鼠感染模型,为沙门菌疫苗和药物的开发提供了小鼠评价模型。 相似文献
7.
本试验为研究金荞麦超微粉对肉鸡免疫功能和生长发育的影响,将160只1日龄白羽肉鸡随机分为4组,7日龄时用新城疫活疫苗滴鼻（1头份/只）,同时颈部皮下注射新城疫-禽流感二联灭活疫苗（0.3 mL/只）,间隔12 h后各组分别饲喂含不同药物的饲料,自由采食。低、高剂量组分别在饲料中添加4.50‰、8.75‰金荞麦超微粉,连续给药7 d。阳性对照组在饲料中添加400 g/L黄芪多糖,连续给药7 d;空白对照组饲料中不添加任何药物。随后在给药结束后的第7、21和35天翅下静脉采血用于分离淋巴细胞和血清,用CCK-8法测定外周血淋巴细胞增殖能力;微量血凝抑制试验评价血清中抗体效价;同时称量各组肉鸡体重,屠宰后解剖,取脾脏、法氏囊和胸腺计算免疫器官指数。结果显示,与对照组相比,在给药结束后7、21和35 d,金荞麦超微粉高、低剂量组与黄芪多糖组料重比均不同程度降低（P>0.05）;此外给药组可提高肉鸡外周血淋巴细胞增殖能力、免疫抗体水平和肉鸡体重,其中给药结束后21 d,金荞麦超微粉高剂量组禽流感病毒和新城疫病毒抗体效价与对照组相比差异极显著（P<0.01）;同时还能提高脾脏和法氏囊的脏器系数,并具有量效关系。综上所述,金荞麦超微粉可以显著提高雏鸡的细胞免疫、体液免疫和非特异性免疫功能,并显著增加体重。表明金荞麦超微粉具有增强白羽肉鸡免疫力和促进生长发育的功效,为开发金荞麦超微粉为新型天然植物药、饲料添加剂提供了依据。 相似文献
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研究叶下珠醇提物对攻毒肠炎沙门菌(Salmonella enteritidis)毒素小鼠血清、肝、脾和空肠炎症因子水平的影响。将50只昆明小鼠随机分为空白对照组(CK)、肠炎沙门菌毒素组、叶下珠醇提物高剂量组、中剂量组和低剂量组(40 mg/mL、20 mg/mL和10 mg/mL)。各组灌胃叶下珠醇提物7 d,除对照组外,其余各组均腹腔注射肠炎沙门菌毒素,24 h后采血,扑杀各组小鼠,快速分离肝、脾和空肠组织,ELISA测定小鼠血清中IL-6、TNF-α和IL-10水平。结果表明,与对照组相比,肠炎沙门菌毒素组小鼠腹泻等临床症状明显,剖检可见肝、脾、肠出血肿胀等病变,叶下珠醇提物各剂量组小鼠临床症状和脏器损伤均明显轻于肠炎沙门菌毒素组。炎症因子检测结果显示,与对照组相比,肠炎沙门菌毒素组血清中IL-6水平显著下降(P<0.05),但TNF-α和IL-10水平变化不显著(P>0.05),肝、脾和空肠中IL-6、TNF-α水平均极显著升高(P<0.01),IL-10水平均极显著降低(P<0.01)。... 相似文献
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为了评价中药超微粉蓝耳康对自然感染高致病性猪蓝耳病的治疗效果,试验选取新乡市、开封市的2个猪场自然发病的高致病性猪蓝耳病患猪210头,随机分成中药超微粉蓝耳康高、中剂量组及中、低剂量与10%替米考星联合应用的4个试验组,并设药物对照组进行治疗试验。结果表明:中药各组治愈率、有效率与药物对照组相比均差异极显著(P0.01),中药超微粉蓝耳康单独使用,或与10%替米考星配合使用均有较好的疗效,其中以中剂量组单独使用及配合10%替米考星对自然感染高致病性猪蓝耳病的育肥猪疗效最好。说明中药超微粉蓝耳康对猪自然感染高致病性猪蓝耳病具有一定疗效,有推广价值。 相似文献
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Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1985,26(10):323-327
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.
Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.
相似文献12.
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Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1984,25(9):347-350
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.
Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.
相似文献14.
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Slocombe JO Villeneuve A 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1993,34(10):630-633
In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium. 相似文献
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Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1986,27(9):324-328
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).
Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献17.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1989,30(6):504-508
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
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In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.
Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.
相似文献19.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(8):641-646
In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%). 相似文献
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Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1987,28(8):491-495
In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).
Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献