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为探讨化学杂交剂SQ-1诱导的小麦生理型雄性不育系花药绒毡层细胞凋亡过程与花粉粒败育的关系,以小麦生理型雄性不育系及其可育系花药为试验材料,结合前期绒毡层细胞凋亡研究的结果,采用透射电镜超微观察花药绒毡层细胞结构,定量检测与凋亡相关的天冬氨酸蛋白酶相关基因(APs1、APs2、APs3)的表达量,同时利用含明胶的十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术对天冬氨酸蛋白酶活性进行验证。结果表明,在小麦花药发育单核期,生理型雄性不育系花药绒毡层细胞较可育系绒毡层细胞提前降解;在四分体至三核时期,3个天冬氨酸蛋白酶基因在不育和可育系中均表现为先升高后降低的趋势,且单核期表达量最高;天冬氨酸蛋白酶相关基因(APs1、APs2、APs3)在花药发育单核时期以及四分体时期,不育系较可育系均明显上升;天冬氨酸蛋白酶活性研究表明,在花药发育各时期该酶活性在不育系与可育系中均表现出明显差异,且在不育及可育系花药中天冬氨酸蛋白酶活性都呈先升高后降低的趋势,在二核期活性达到最高。表明在SQ-1诱导的生理型不育系中,天冬氨酸蛋白酶的变化与绒毡层细胞凋亡、结构变化及雄性不育花粉粒败育密切相关。本研究初步揭示了生理型小麦败育的机理,为进一步深入研究小麦雄性不育机理,培育能广泛应用于生产实践的优良不育系提供了一定的理论依据。 相似文献
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小麦生理型雄性不育花药中能量相关基因的表达 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为揭示小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)生理型雄性不育机理,以化学杂交剂SQ-1为诱导剂,构建了普通小麦西农1376不育和可育生理系,用RT-PCR技术分析了3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(GAPDH)和NFUDP4基因在不同发育时期的不育和可育花药中的表达差异.结果表明,与同期对照相比,GAPDH和NFUDP4基因在不育花药单核期到三核期均下调表达,其中在大量花粉粒败育的单核期,GAPDH下调表达尤为显著.因此,小麦生理型雄性不育花药败育过程中,一方面由于GAPDH基因表达受抑制,使糖酵解受阻导致能量供应不足;另一方面,NFUDP4基因下调表达,可能引起线粒体某一Fe-S族蛋白装配需要的分子骨架减少而使其数量不足,从而可能引起Fe-S族蛋白参与的生化反应减弱,如呼吸链电子传递受阻引起能量供应不足,与小麦生理型雄性不育具有一定关系. 相似文献
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化学杂交剂SQ-1诱导小麦泛素/26S蛋白酶体途径的表达 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
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《核农学报》2009,23(6):928-934
为揭示小麦(Triticum aestivum L)生理型雄性不育机理, 以化学杂交剂SQ-1为诱导剂,构建了普通小麦西农1376不育和可育等生理系,用RT-PCR 技术分析了3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶（GAPDH）和NFUDP4基因在不同发育时期的不育和可育花药中的表达差异。结果表明,与同期对照相比,GAPDH和NFUDP4基因在不育花药单核期到三核期均下调表达,其中在大量花粉粒败育的单核期,GAPDH下调表达尤为显著。因此,小麦生理型雄性不育花药败育过程中,一方面由于GAPDH基因表达受抑制,使糖酵解受阻导致能量供应不足;另一方面,NFUDP4基因下调表达,可能引起线粒体某一Fe-S 族蛋白装配需要的分子骨架减少而使其数量不足,从而可能引起Fe-S族蛋白参与的生化反应减弱,如呼吸链电子传递受阻引起能量供应不足,与小麦生理型雄性不育具有一定关系。 相似文献
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太空诱变玉米核雄性不育材料的cDNA-AFLP分析 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4
利用cDNA-AFLP技术对太空诱变玉米核雄性不育材料的花药进行差异表达分析,并对差异片段进行回收、克隆和测序,结合半定量RT-PCR方法,分析差异片段在可育株和不育株的表达情况。利用16对引物共回收得到9个差异序列,其中2个为来自不育株的特有片段,7个为来自可育株的特有片段。序列分析发现,来自不育株的 2个EST序列未检测到同源性较高的序列。来自可育株的4个EST序列分别与水稻上推断的查尔酮合成酶、脂酰CoA脱氢酶、蛋白激酶PK12、甘氨酸脱羧酶具有较高的同源性。这些物质可能参与小孢子发育过程中的物质代谢、能量代谢及信号传导等。半定量RT-PCR分析表明,与查尔酮合成酶同源性较高的Z3片断在可育花药发育的早期有较高的表达。而与甘氨酸脱羧酶同源性较高的片断Z8在可育花药发育的中间阶段呈增量表达。这可能与花药发育过程有较高的能量和物质需求有关。 相似文献
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小热激蛋白基因(hsp23.5)在小麦BNS雄性不育系和转换系中的差异表达 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
23.5kD小热激蛋白(sHSP)是BNS(Bainong sterility)型雄性不育系和转换系花药的一个重要差异表达蛋白。为了探讨该蛋白与BNS不育性的联系,本研究利用荧光实时定量PCR方法,在不育发生的3个关键时期,四分体期、单核期和二核初期,定量检测该蛋白的基因hsp23.5在不育系及其转换系花药中的mRNA表达水平。结果显示,hsp23.5基因在转换系花药中从四分体到二核期呈持续上升趋势,但在不育系中表达量则显著下调,3个时期的表达量分别比同时期转换系下调3.8、20.0和4.6倍。克隆的hsp23.5片段序列,经BLAST比对,与来源于普通小麦(Triticm aestivum)的hsp23.6和硬粒小麦(T.turgidum)的hsp23.5小热激蛋白序列一致性最大,为94%,进化树分析遗传距离也最近。同时发现该基因在单核向二核期发育期间由于较高气温出现,表达量表现回复上调。这些结果表明,hsp23.5基因在BNS花药中组成型表达,同时也有温度诱导表达特性,在不育系中表达量显著下调。提示hsp23.5基因与BNS雄性不育发生有重要联系。 相似文献
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小麦丙酮酸脱氢酶激酶(PDK)的互作蛋白增殖细胞核抗原(TaPCNA)对小孢子发育周期的调节 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目前对于植物体中丙酮酸脱氢酶激酶(pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase,PDK)的研究,除了解其参与调节线粒体丙酮酸脱氢酶复合体的活性外,对其他调控机制尚不清楚.本实验室的前期研究结果表明,小麦丙酮酸脱氢酶激酶(TaPDK)在小麦(Triticum aestivum)遗传型不育系和相应的生理型不育系中的表达是不一致的.为进一步研究SQ-1诱导的小麦花药败育过程中调控TaPDK的作用因子,本研究采用酵母双杂交方法筛选小麦TaPDK的互作蛋白.将含有pGBKT7-PDK质粒的酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)菌株Y2HGold与文库酵母菌株Y187共同融合培养,在SD/-Ade/-His/-Leu/-Trp平板上划线培养,挑选直径大于2mm的克隆,在SD/-Ade/-His/-Leu/-Trp/AbA/X-α-Gal平板上划线,筛选蓝色克隆.其中,筛选得到一个新的结合蛋白,该蛋白被命名为增殖细胞核抗原(proliferating cell nuclear antigen,TaPCNA).将花粉细胞的核复制分裂与TaPCNA的定量表达结合分析发现,TaPCNA在不育系与可育系的叶片中几乎不表达,但在花粉发育的各个时期中呈现高表达,尤其在生理型不育系花药中的表达量显著高于遗传型不育系和可育系,这表明在生理型不育系中,TaPCNA与小孢子的细胞周期发育更加密切相关.这为进一步研究生理型不育小孢子异常发育的细胞周期提供了基础资料. 相似文献
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锰超氧化物歧化酶(Mn-SOD)是一种重要的抗氧化剂,果糖1,6-二磷酸醛缩酶(FBA)是叶绿体光合碳化阶段起重要调节作用的关键酶.本研究以小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)生理型与遗传型等基因雄性不育系及其对应育性正常的保持系为材料,选取花粉小孢子发育各时期的花药及三核期子房,对供试材料花药全蛋白表达差异研究的基础上,对雄性不育相关基因(Mn-SOD)及FBA进行核酸水平的实时荧光定量PCR分析,结果发现,与可育保持系相比,(1)生理型雄性不育系Mn-SOD基因在幼穗期、单核期和三核期表达量显著下调,而酶活力在幼穗期上调,在单核期下调;遗传型雄性不育系Mn-SOD基因在幼穗期和单核期表达量下调,酶活力在幼穗期上调,在二核期下调.(2)生理型雄性不育系和遗传型雄性不育系FBA基因表达量在幼穗期和单核期均下调,而对应同时期的FBA酶活力也下调,而遗传型不育系FBA基因在三核期表达量和FBA酶活力均上调.(3)Mn-SOD和FBA在遗传型雄性不育系三核期子房和花药中表达量均高于生理型雄性不育系和正常可育系,而在生理型雄性不育系花药中,Mn-SOD表达量明显低于对照可育系,在子房中其表达量略高于正常可育系.基因表达具有组织特异性,其蛋白表达较基因表达具有一定滞后性.Mn-SOD基因过量表达(单核至二核期),从而清除花药代谢紊乱产生的过多的活性氧,维持细胞正常功能;而花粉败育(生理型和遗传型雄性不育)导致花药失去活力,从而使花药叶绿体光合能力下降,FBA下调表达.研究结果提示,不同发育时期FBA及Mn-SOD酶活力变化与基因表达水平相一致,且这两个指标的变化直接或间接的影响了小麦花药的育性程度. 相似文献
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利用cDNA-AFLP技术研究辣椒核雄性不育两用系的基因差异表达 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
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Identification of oxidation products of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate and (-)-epigallocatechin with H(2)O(2) 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Zhu N Huang TC Yu Y LaVoie EJ Yang CS Ho CT 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2000,48(4):979-981
(-)-Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC) are two important antioxidants in tea. They also display some antitumor activities, and these activities are believed to be mainly due to their antioxidative effects. However, the specific mechanisms of antioxidant action of tea catechins remain unclear. In this study are isolated and identified two novel reaction products of EGCG and one product of EGC when they were reacted separately with H(2)O(2). These products are formed by the oxidation and decarboxylation of the A ring in the catechin molecule. This study provides unequivocal proof that the A ring of EGCG and EGC may also be an antioxidant site. This study also indicates an additional reaction pathway for the oxidation chemistry of tea catechins. 相似文献
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Roy A 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》1999,47(12):5209-5210
Terpinolene oxide, a monoterpene belonging to the p-menthane group, is easily derived from naturally abundant (R)-limonene. It was isomerized with montmorillonite clay catalyst to karahanaenone (2,2, 5-trimethylcyclohept-4-en-1-one) by ring enlargement. The enantiomers of the corresponding alcohol, karahanaenol (2,2, 5-trimethylcyclohept-4-en-1- ol), known for their individual organoleptic properties, were resolved through Pseudomonas cepacia lipase mediated enantiospecific alcoholysis of its acetate derivative. 相似文献
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W R Dantzer J Hopper K Mullin S Hendrich P A Murphy 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》1999,47(10):4291-4296
14C-Fumonisin B(1) (FB(1)) was produced by Fusarium proliferatum M-5991 in modified Myro liquid medium and purified to >95% purity with a specific activity of 1.7 mCi/mmol. Nine male and nine female F344/N rats were each dosed by gavage with 0.69 micromol of (14)C-FB(1), (14)C-hydrolyzed FB(1), or (14)C-FB(1)-fructose/kg body weight. Urinary excretion of (14)C-FB(1) and (14)C-FB(1)-fructose was 0.5% and 4.4% of the total dose, respectively, and was similar between male and female rats. Urinary excretion of (14)C-hydrolyzed HFB(1) was significantly greater (P > 0.05) in female rats as compared with male rats (17.3% vs 12.8% of the total dose, respectively). There were no significant (P > 0.05) differences in biliary excretion of the three fumonisin compounds with a mean of 1. 4% of the dose excreted at 4 h after dosing. Lesser amounts continued to be excreted up to 9.25 h after dosing. Although biliary excretion of the (14)C-FB(1), (14)C-hydrolyzed FB(1), and (14)C-FB(1)-fructose was similar, increased urinary excretion of the (14)C-hydrolyzed FB(1) as compared to (14)C-FB(1) and (14)C-FB(1)-fructose indicated a greater absorption of the hydrolyzed form. 相似文献
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S. R. Verma J. P. S. Arora J. S. Shankar R. Chand 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1987,36(3-4):247-257
The effect of protein oxovanadium(V) ion concentration and pH on the ratio of diffusion current (id/id0) was studied in vanadium(V) ovalbumin-S and denatured ovalbumin systems. In both the cases marked decrease in diffusion current was observed at the respective pH values, indicating that binding takes place with cationic groups of the proteins. The binding sites (n) were found to be pH dependent. The uniformity of logK and ΔG 0 value at all pH values indicated the involvement of same sites in interaction. Furthermore, the linear scatchard plots in both the systems supported the involvement of single class of independent sites in oxovanadium(V) anion interaction. The difference in binding sites (n) has been attributed to the folded structure of ovalbumin-S while unfolded one of denatured ovalbumin. 相似文献
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The presence of ethylenediamine-N-(o-hydroxyphenylacetic)-N'-(p-hydroxyphenylacetic) acid (o,p-EDDHA) as the second largest component in commercial EDDHA iron chelates has recently been demonstrated. Here is reported the speciation of o,p-EDDHA by the application of a novel methodology through the determination of the complexing capacity, protonation, and Ca(2+), Mg(2+), Cu(2+), and Fe(3+) stability constants. The pM values and species distribution in solution, hydroponic, and soil conditions were obtained. Due to the para position of one phenol group in o,p-EDDHA, the protonation constants and Ca and Mg stability constants have different values from those of o,o-EDDHA and p,p-EDDHA regioisomers. o,p-EDDHA/Fe(3+) stability constants are higher than those of EDTA/Fe(3+) but lower than those of o,o-EDDHA/Fe(3+). The sequence obtained for pFe is o,o-EDDHA/Fe(3+) >/= o,p-EDDHA/Fe(3+) > EDTA/Fe(3+). o,p-EDDHA/Fe(3+) can be used as an iron chelate in hydroponic conditions. Also, it can be used in soils with limited Cu availability. 相似文献
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