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1.
兔角蛋白基因转化棉花及其纤维品质的改良   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用农杆菌介导转化法,将棉纤维特异表达启动子GAE6-3A驱动的兔角蛋白基因(MP)转入常规棉花“冀合713”中。PCR及Southern杂交分析表明,兔角蛋白基因已整合进棉花基因组。6个转基因株系中,4个为单拷贝插入,转基因后代的分离符合孟德尔3:1的1对基因的分离规律,外源基因在这些转基因后代中能稳定遗传。对这4个转基因株系T3代纤维检测结果表明,兔角蛋白基因对棉花纤维品质的影响主要是纤维强度的提高,其中3个株系纤维强度提高率达10%以上。  相似文献   

2.
不同转化方法获得的转基因棉花外源基因拷贝数分析   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
转基因植物中外源基因拷贝数是影响其自身表达水平与遗传稳定性的重要因素.本研究旨在比较农杆菌介导法、基因枪轰击法和花粉管通道法等3种常用方法转化同一植物表达载体的转基因棉花(Gossypium hirsutum)中外源基因拷贝数的差异.本文主要采用实时定量PCR技术及相应的PfaffI分析法检测转基因棉花单株拷贝数,并与Southern杂交做了相互验证.实时定量PCR研究结果显示,农杆菌介导法、基因枪轰击和花粉管通道注射法获得的T0代转化体中,外源基因拷贝数为1~2的单株占群体总数的百分比分别为26.2%、60%和42.8%.外源基因拷贝数为3~5的单株比例分别为47.5%、40%和57.1%.另外,农杆菌介导获得的转基因群体中有高达27.3%的单株整合有5拷贝以上的外源基因,而基因枪轰击和花粉管通道注射法获得的转基因群体中没有发现5拷贝以上的转基因单株.研究结果表明,基因枪轰击和花粉管通道注射法均能获得较高比例低拷贝(1~3拷贝)的转化体.本研究结果对棉花转基因育种中转化方法的选择有一定的理论指导意义.  相似文献   

3.
将柽柳(Tamarix. sp)金属硫蛋白基因(MT1)插入到植物表达载体pBI121,利用农杆菌(Agrobactrium tumefaciens)介导法将MT1导入烟草基因组。对转基因T1植株的卡那霉素抗性分析表明,多数转基因植株后代表现为3:1的分离比例,只有少数转基因植株的抗性分离表现为15:1或不符合孟德尔遗传的分离比例。说明整合到烟草基因组的外源基因多为单拷贝基因,也有少数为多拷贝基因。对具有卡那霉素抗性的转基因植株进行PCR-Southern检测和Northern杂交分析表明,外源MT1基因已整合到烟草基因组,并且得到了正确表达。转基因植株对重金属镉的抗性比对照显著提高,表现为转基因植株的株高和鲜重均明显优于非转基因株系。  相似文献   

4.
水稻中抑制衰老的嵌合基因的基因枪转化和表达分析   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
利用基因枪法把抑制衰老的嵌合基因导入水稻恢复系HP121和偏籼型品系8706,经PCR、点杂交以及Southern杂交分析, 证明外源基因已整合到水稻基因组中.通过叶片细胞分裂素含量和叶绿素含量的测定以及形态观察,表明抑制衰老的嵌合基因在部分转基因水稻中表达,叶片衰老得到延迟.转基因植株后代符合3:1遗传规律.  相似文献   

5.
PHAs合酶phaC2基因转化烟草叶绿体的研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
中长链羟基脂肪酸聚酯 (medium-chain-length-PHAs, mcl-PHAs) 属于微生物聚酯。Ⅱ型PHA合酶是mcl-PHAs生物合成途径中的关键酶。将编码Ⅱ型PHA合酶的基因phaC2与水稻(Oryza sativa )叶绿体psbA基因的启动子和终止子构建表达盒(RpsbA-pro-phaC2-RpsbA-ter),连同壮观霉素抗性基因aadA表达盒(prrn-aadA-TpsbA-ter)一起克隆进烟草叶绿体基因组同源片段rbcL和accD中,构建了烟草叶绿体转化表达载体pTC2。基因枪法转化烟草(Nicotiana tobacum L.)叶片,获得具有壮观霉素抗性的转基因烟草。对T0代和T1代转基因植株的PCR和Southern blot鉴定结果表明, 外源基因确已整合进烟草叶绿体基因组中,T1代转基因植株已达同质化。RT-PCR分析结果证实phaC2基因已在转录水平上表达。转基因植株的正反交试验证明外源基因在转基因后代中遵循母性遗传规律,不存在转基因的花粉漂移现象。通过叶绿体遗传转化, 实现中长链羟基脂肪酸聚酯合成关键酶基因phaC2在烟草叶绿体基因组中的稳定转化。  相似文献   

6.
以结球甘蓝(Brassica oleracea var. capitata )下胚轴为外植体,通过根癌农杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciecin)介导法将苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis,Bt)杀虫蛋白基因CryIA(c)导入结球甘蓝栽培品种中,共获得56株卡那霉素抗性植株。分别以CryIA(c)和NPTⅡ基因引物进行PCR扩增,结果43株均扩增出了预期的目的带。以CryIA(c)基因为探针,进行Southern blot分析,证明外源基因已经整合到甘蓝基因组中,且多数转基因植株只含有单拷贝的外源基因。离体叶片抗虫实验表明,转基因植株幼虫校正死亡率为40%,平均单虫重达到极显著水平,叶片损害程度差异明显,转基因植株抗性较对照显著提高。通过卡那霉素涂抹叶片和PCR扩增两种方法鉴定,表明外源基因在转基因甘蓝自交后代呈孟德尔单基因遗传。  相似文献   

7.
转基因水稻中ThEn-42基因的稳定遗传及其抗病性的提高*   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
用农杆菌介导法将CaMV35S启动子调控下的外源基因ThEn-42转入粳稻(Oryza sativa ssp.japonica)品种台北309中。对100多株再生植株进行了PCR鉴定,结果表明,90%以上的植株为阳性植株。Southern检测的结果进一步证实,外源基因已经整合到水稻基因组中。对T1代植株也进行了PCR鉴定和潮霉素抗性鉴定,结果表明,大约70%的T1代转基因株系符合3:1(阳性:阴性)的分离比,表明ThEn-42基因在这些株系中有单个插入位点;大约20%的T1代株系分离比符合15:1,表明这些株系含有2个整合位点。选择部分T1代潮霉素抗性植株进行Southern杂交鉴定,结果证实,外源基因已经稳定遗传给T1代。检测了T0代和T1代转基因植株对水稻纹枯病(Rhizoctonia solani)和两个分别属于A群和B群的稻瘟病(Magnapotthe grisea)小种的抗性,结果表明,30%株系表现了对这两种病害抗性水平不同程度的提高。有7个株系的抗性与对照相比有显著的提高,其中Tp64表现对两个稻瘟病小种完全免疫。这些结果表明内切几丁质酶基因ThEn-42已经在受体植物中准确表达,并且在提高水稻抗病性方面起了重要作用。  相似文献   

8.
以结球甘蓝(Brassica oleracea var.capitata)下胚轴为外植体,通过根癌农杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciecin)介导法将苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis,Bt)杀虫蛋白基因CryIA(c)导入结球甘蓝栽培品种中,共获得56株卡那霉素抗性植株。分别以CryIA(c)和NPTⅡ基因引物进行PCR扩增,结果43株均扩增出了预期的目的带。以CryIA(c)基因为探针,进行Southern blot分析,证明外源基因已经整合到甘蓝基因组中,且多数转基因植株只含有单拷贝的外源基因。离体叶片抗虫实验表明,转基因植株幼虫校正死亡率为40%,平均单虫重达到极显著水平,叶片损害程度差异明显,转基因植株抗性较对照显著提高。通过卡那霉素涂抹叶片和PCR扩增两种方法鉴定,表明外源基因在转基因甘蓝自交后代呈孟德尔单基因遗传。  相似文献   

9.
利用微滴数字PCR分析转基因生物外源基因拷贝数   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
微滴数字PCR(droplet digital PCR,ddPCR)是一种基于泊松分布原理的核酸分子绝对定量技术,在核酸分子的绝对计数/定量领域具有极大的应用潜力。本研究基于ddPCR平台,以转基因水稻(Oryza sativa)T1c-19和转人乳铁蛋白基因基因山羊(Capra hircus)134为例,建立了转基因生物(genetically modified organisms,GMOs)外源基因拷贝数分析方法,并比较了其与传统的实时荧光定量PCR(quantitative real-time PCR,qRT-PCR)和Southern blot方法的准确性。实验数据表明,T1c-19的杀虫晶体蛋白基因(insecticidal crystal protein,Cry1C*)在qRT-PCR和ddPCR测定结果比较一致,约为2拷贝,但已报道的Southern blot分析结果为1拷贝;ddPCR对bar基因的分析结果高于qRT-PCR,分别为2.09拷贝和1.51拷贝。转人乳铁蛋白基因(human lactoferrin,HLF)山羊134在qRT-PCR和ddPCR的分析结果基本一致,均测得含有1拷贝的HLF基因。研究结果表明,微滴数字PCR方法是一种经济、快速和准确的外源基因拷贝数分析新方法,灵敏度和准确性高,将会在拷贝数分析中广泛应用。  相似文献   

10.
转兔防御素基因(NP-1)玉米植株的获得及其抗病性分析*   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
首次报道了采用基因枪法将兔防御素基因(NP-1)导入玉米(Zea mays L.)不同杂交组合胚性愈伤组织中获得了T0再生植株。分别通过PCR和DNA点杂交证实.NP-1基因已经整合到部分T0代玉米基因组中。PCR和Southern杂交证实NP-1基因已经稳定遗传至部分T1代玉米植株中。RNA点杂交结果表明部分T1代转基因玉米中NP-1基因能够进行正常转录。在Tl代玉米5~7叶期接种玉米大斑病菌(Helminthosporium turcicum Pass)0号生理小种,发现转兔防御素基因玉米能有效抵抗玉米大斑病的侵袭。  相似文献   

11.
OUYANG TAO 《土壤圈》1993,3(4):341-347
By using nutritional diagnosis of citrus leaves and determining soil micronutrients,the relationship between soil micronutrients and citrus growth in southern China has been studied.Studies showed that there was a significant positive correlation between available micronutrients (such as Zn,Mo,Cu)in the soil and the corresponding nutrients in citrus leaves.Thus,one can roughly learn of the sufficiency or deficiency of certain nutrients in soils by analyzing citrus leaves.Rational spray of Zn B or Mo fertilizer not only improved citrus yields but also increased the total sugar of Satsuma mandarin and of Xinhui orange by 2.9 and 17.2% respectively compared with the control.Spraying Mo fertilizer increased the vitamin C content of Satsuma mandarin juice by 4.7%-8.4%,maturated fruits 7-10 days earlier and gave the peel a brighter color.The ultramicroscopic characteristics of Zn-deficient citrus leaves were investigated under an electron microscope.Results showed that the Zn-deficient leaf cell was characterized mainly by poor cytoplasm,endoplasmic reticula and ribosomes and by big starch grains in the chloroplast.As a result of spraying Zn fertilizer the structure of the cell returned to normal,the cytoplasm became rich and the amount of chloroplast increased.There also appeared a great deal of multiform endoplasmic reticula,thus promoting the photosynthesis of Zn-deficient plants.This provides a cytologico-theoretical basis for fertilization of high-yielding citrus trees.  相似文献   

12.
Fifteen citrus varieties (four varieties of limes/lemons, three varieties of mandarins, and eight varieties of sweet oranges) were tested in a row-to-row multireplicate field experiment on Typic Rhodustalf. Pre-bearing growth behavior of different citrus varieties showed a significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) with respect to canopy volume (1.221 m3 with Bearss lemon and 0.220 m3 with Cara Cara Navel) governed by changes in different rhizospheric properties (soil-available nutrients, soil microbial population, and soil microbial biomass nutrients). Response in canopy volume was more governed by soil microbial biomass nutrients [carbon (Cmic), nitrogen (Nmic), and phosphorus (Pmic)] followed soil microbial population and soil available nutrients in decreasing order. Indices developed through diagnosis and recommendation integrated system further helped in partitioning interrhizosphere nutrient deficiencies. These studies suggested that (i) biological properties of rhizosphere soils of limes and lemons were of much superior quality and (ii) rhizospheric biological properties are transformed according to plant species and variety.  相似文献   

13.
柑桔溃疡病(citrusbacterialcankerdisease,CBCD)是由XanthomonascampestrisPv.citri(XCC)引发的。本研究检测了抗CBCD柑桔品种和对Xcc敏感品种叶细胞膜脂组分及含量。抗病品种及敏感品种之叶细胞膜脂种类相似,主要为磷脂酰胆碱(PC)、磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)、磷脂酰甘油(PG)和磷脂酰肌醇(PI),其中PC和PE占总量的75%以上,尤以PC居首。抗病品种PC、PE、PG、PI总含量(1.24~1.65mg/gFW)明显小于敏感品种(2.32~5.08mg/gFW);抗病品种磷脂分子中的不饱和脂肪酸(油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸)与饱和脂肪酸(软脂酸和硬脂酸)的比率也小于敏感品种。抗CBCD品种和对XCC敏感品种的叶细胞膜都含有显量的游离甾醇(0.59~1.01mg/gFW)和痕量的甾醇酯。检出的游离甾醇主要有β-谷甾醇、菜油甾醇和羊毛甾醇,其中以β-谷甾醇含量最高,占总甾醇量的60%以上。抗病品种的游离β-谷甾醇比敏感品种高30%左右。各抗病品种叶细胞膜脂中的游离甾醇与总磷脂的比率(0.52~0.74)均显著高于敏感品种(0.12~0.28)。  相似文献   

14.
生草栽培对桔园环境和柑桔产量品质的影响   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
1993-1995年龟井温州蜜柑园种植百喜草,研究了生草栽培对桔园环境和柑桔产量品质的影响。试验结果表明,生草栽培可以改善桔园生态环境,提高柑桔叶片光合速度,减轻异常高温干旱引起的藻果,提高果实产量,并在一定程度上改善果实品质。  相似文献   

15.
湖南省柑橘园土壤营养状况及其对叶片养分的影响   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5  
为了解湖南省柑橘园土壤及叶片养分丰缺状况,对湖南省82个柑橘主产区土壤和植株叶片的矿质元素含量进行分析测试,运用曲线回归方法分析了土壤酸碱性与土壤肥力间相关性,采用典型性相关分析方法研究了土壤与叶片养分的定量统计关系。结果表明:全省86.75%的柑橘园土壤pH为酸性至强酸性,78.31%的土壤有机质含量处于适宜水平,有效氮、磷、钾缺乏土壤比例分别为15.66%、69.88%和27.71%,柑橘叶片全氮、磷、钾缺乏比例分别为12.35%、16.05%和18.52%。曲线回归分析结果显示,土壤养分含量与pH存在密切的关系,土壤有机质(Y_1)、碱解氮(Y_2)、有效磷(Y_3)、速效钾(Y_4)与pH(X)的拟合关系分别为:Y_1=2.15X~2–24.17X+85.53(R~2=0.53)、Y_2=0.255X~2–3.17X+91.29(R~2=0.36)、Y_3=5.51X~2–66.37X+208.22(R~2=0.43)、Y_4=5.59X~2–37.24X+213.43(R~2=0.40)。典型性相关分析结果显示,土壤养分含量水平的高低对叶片中其他养分含量也存在明显的影响,柑橘园土壤养分指标(X_1:pH;X_2:有机质;X_3:碱解氮;X_4:有效磷;X_5:速效钾)与叶片养分指标(Y_1:氮;Y_2:磷;Y_3:钾)的拟合模型分别为:U_1=–0.390X_1+0.909X_2+0.398X_3+0.269X_4–0.297X_5,V_1=0.792Y_1+0.637Y_2–0.132Y_3。在园区培肥管理时,应注意调节土壤酸碱度,因土酌情采取增施氮肥、磷肥和钾肥等综合平衡施肥措施。  相似文献   

16.
为探明喀斯特坡地改为梯田后土壤水分的变化特征,以典型喀斯特坡地橘园和梯田橘园为研究对象,对不同深度土层(0—70 cm)土壤含水量进行1年 (376天)的连续监测。结果表明:(1)梯田橘园平均土壤含水量(32.64%)与坡地橘园(33.05%)差异很小,梯田橘园表层(0—10 cm)土壤含水量(43.35%)显著高于坡地橘园(34.24%),两者土壤水分均呈现旱季变化相对平缓、雨季波动较为剧烈的变化规律,梯田橘园表层土壤含水量与下层有明显差异,而坡地橘园各土层土壤含水量差异较小。(2)不同雨量的降雨事件中,梯田橘园各土层含水量总体增长幅度较坡地橘园大;停雨后24 h内,梯田橘园表层土壤含水量的衰退速度较坡地橘园慢,但停雨后1周内,梯田橘园各土层含水量衰退速度总体较坡地橘园快。(3)梯田橘园与坡地橘园的平均相对可利用水分分别为0.37与0.38,与非喀斯特地区相比,梯田在喀斯特峰丛洼地的保水效果相对不明显。研究结果可为定量评价喀斯特地区坡改梯措施的保水效益提供一定的科学依据。  相似文献   

17.
Antimutagenic activity of polymethoxyflavonoids from Citrus aurantium   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
The methanol extract from Citrus aurantium showed a suppressive effect on umu gene expression of SOS response in Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002 against the mutagen 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide (furylfuramide). The methanol extract from C. aurantium was successively re-extracted with hexane, dichloromethane, butanol, and water. A dichloromethane fraction showed a suppressive effect. The suppressive compounds in the dichloromethane fraction were isolated by SiO(2) column chromatography and identified as tetra-O-methylscutellarein (1), sinensetin (2), and nobiletin (3) by EI-MS and (1)H- and (13)C NMR spectroscopy. These compounds suppressed the furylfuramide-induced SOS response in the umu test. Gene expression was suppressed 67%, 45%, and 25% at a concentration of 0.6 micromol/mL, respectively. The ID(50) value (50% inhibition dose) of compound 1 was 0. 19 micromol/mL. These compounds were assayed with other mutagens, 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-1), which requires liver metabolizing enzymes, activated Trp-P-1, and UV irradiation. These compounds showed of all mutagen-induced SOS response in the umu test. In addition, compounds 1-3 exhibited antimutagenic activity in the S. typhimurium TA100 Ames test.  相似文献   

18.
Numerous compounds, many of them osmolytes, were quantified in natural juices and in frozen concentrate juices from fruits of plants of the Citrus genus. L-proline, N-methyl-L-proline (hygric acid), N,N-dimethyl-L-proline (stachydrine), 4-hydroxy-L-prolinebetaine (betonicine), 4-hydroxy-L-proline, γ-aminobutyric acid (Gaba), 3-carboxypropyltrimethylammonium (GabaBet), N-methylnicotinic acid (trigonelline), and choline in the fruit juices of yellow orange, blood orange, lemon, mandarin, bitter orange (Citrus aurantium), chinotto (Citrus myrtifolia), and grapefruit were analyzed by sensitive HPLC-ESI-tandem mass spectrometry procedure. It was found that the most represented osmolytes in the juices, that is, L-proline, stachydrine, and betonicine, can be quantified with minimal sample preparation and short analysis time (about 1 min) also by flow injection analysis (FIA) ESI-MS/MS with the same results as obtained by HPLC ESI-MS/MS. In all of the juices, discrete amounts of choline and trigonelline were present. Conversely, GabaBet was always below detection limits. Notably, N-methyl-L-proline and 4-hydroxy-L-prolinebetaine, which were discovered for the first time in the juice of bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso et Poit), are also present in all of the citrus juices examined.  相似文献   

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在分析椪柑生产生态气候适应性的基础上,用统计学方法定量计算气候因子对椪柑产量的影响,确定椪柑生态气候主导指标,依此对黔东南山区椪柑果树种植进行气候区划,提出较好利用当地气候资源的有效途径。  相似文献   

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