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1.
Background: The focus of recent research has been directed toward the probiotic potential of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens(BA) on the gut health of animals. However, little is known about BA's effects on piglets with intra-uterine growth retardation(IUGR). Therefore, this study investigated the effects of BA supplementation on the growth performance,intestinal morphology, inflammatory response, and microbiota of IUGR piglets.Methods: Eighteen litters of newborn piglets were selected at birth, with one normal birth weight(NBW) and two IUGR piglets in each litter(i.e., 18 NBW and 36 IUGR piglets in total). At weaning, the NBW piglet and one of the IUGR piglets were assigned to groups fed a control diet(i.e., the NBW-CON and IUGR-CON groups). The other IUGR piglet was assigned to a group fed the control diet supplemented with 2.0 g BA per kg of diet(i.e., IUGR-BA group). The piglets were thus distributed across three groups for a four-week period.Results: IUGR reduced the growth performance of the IUGR-CON piglets compared with the NBW-CON piglets. It was also associated with decreased vil us sizes, increased apoptosis rates, reduced goblet cel numbers, and an imbalance between pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the smal intestine. Supplementation with BA improved the average daily weight gain and the feed efficiency of the IUGR-BA group compared with the IUGR-CON group(P 0.05). The IUGR-BA group exhibited increases in the ratio of jejunal vil us height to crypt depth, in ileal vil us height, and in ileal goblet cel density. They also exhibited decreases in the numbers of jejunal and ileal apoptotic cel s and ileal proliferative cel s(P 0.05). Supplementation with BA increased interleukin 10 content, but it decreased tumor necrosis factor alpha level in the smal intestines of the IUGR-BA piglets(P 0.05). Furthermore, compared with the IUGR-CON piglets, the IUGR-BA piglets had less Escherichia coli in their jejunal digesta, but more Lactobacil us and Bifidobacterium in their ileal digesta(P 0.05).Conclusions: Dietary supplementation with BA improves morphology, decreases inflammatory response, and regulates microbiota in the smal intestines of IUGR piglets, which may contribute to improved growth performance during early life.  相似文献   

2.
Three experiments were conducted to assess the response of weaned pigs to organic acid SF3, which contains 34% calcium formate, 16% calcium lactate, 7% citric acid and 13% medium chain fatty acids. Dietary treatments had no effect on growth performance of piglets (21‐day weaning) fed the commercial prestart diet for 1 week before receiving the experimental diets supplemented with SF3 at 0, 3 or 5 g/kg diet (Exp. 1), whereas diarrhea frequency averaged across a week was decreased by SF3 supplementation (5 g/kg diet) in piglets fed the experimental diets immediately after weaning (Exp. 2). In Exp. 3, piglets (28‐day weaning) were fed the control (containing pure colistin sulfate and enramycin, respectively, at 20 mg/kg diet) for 1 week and then were fed the control or SF3‐supplemented (5 g/kg diet) diet for 2 weeks. The SF3‐fed piglets had greater apparent ileal digestibility of calcium and dry matter, while also demonstrating greater overall gross energy, up‐regulated jejunal expression of sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐1 and transforming growth factor‐β, down‐regulated jejunal expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, higher ileal Lactobacillus, with lower total bacteria content, lower plasma TNF‐α but higher IgG levels than the control‐fed piglets. Collectively, SF3 consumption improved diarrhea resistance of weaned pigs by improving nutrient digestibility, piglet immunity and intestinal bacteria profile. © 2016 Japanese Society of Animal Science  相似文献   

3.
本试验旨在研究新型香糖、香鲜及香甜复合调味剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清胃肠肽指标、养分消化率及粪便微生物数量的影响。选取体重相近的(28±2)日龄健康大白断奶仔猪128头,随机分成4个组,每组4个重复,每个重复8头仔猪。对照组(A组)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加香糖复合调味剂(0.8 g/kg植物香味提取物+0.2 g/kg糖精钠,B组)、香鲜复合调味剂(0.8 g/kg植物香味提取物+0.2 g/kg鲜味组合物,C组)、香甜复合调味剂(0.8 g/kg植物香味提取物+0.2 g/kg植物甜味提取物,D组)。试验期28 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,1)饲粮中添加香糖和香鲜复合调味剂在试验第1~14天显著降低了断奶仔猪料重比(P0.05);2)饲粮中添加香糖和香鲜复合调味剂显著提高了断奶仔猪有机物的消化率(P0.05);3)饲粮中添加香糖、香鲜及香甜复合调味剂对断奶仔猪血清胃肠肽指标和粪便微生物数量没有显著影响(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加香糖和香鲜复合调味剂能够改善断奶仔猪的生长性能与养分消化率。  相似文献   

4.
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平香甜鲜复合诱食剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标、养分表观消化率和粪便微生物菌群的影响。选取(43±4)日龄体重相近的健康大白仔猪72头,随机分为3个组,每组3个重复,每个重复8头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加1和2 kg/t的香甜鲜复合诱食剂。试验期28 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,饲粮中添加2 kg/t香甜鲜复合诱食剂能够显著提高断奶仔猪平均日采食量和平均日增重(P0.05);饲粮中添加香甜鲜复合诱食剂对养分表观消化率、血清生化指标和粪便微生物菌群的影响不显著(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加2 kg/t香甜鲜复合诱食剂能提高断奶仔猪平均日采食量和平均日增重,提高生长性能。本试验条件下推荐断奶仔猪饲粮中添加2 kg/t香甜鲜复合诱食剂为宜。  相似文献   

5.
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of 2 different phytogenic products on performance, ileal nutrient digestibility, and composition of the intestinal microbiota. The 2 phytogenic products contained different essential oil mixtures (EOM) characterized by either menthol (Mentha arvensis; EOM-M) or cinnamon aldehyde (Cinnamomum aromaticum; EOM-C) as main constituents. Three treatments consisted of control diet without EOM addition and diets supplemented with EOM-M or EOM-C. Reproducibility of the effects was examined in 4 trials with a total of 300 male castrated and female piglets weaned at 25 d of age. The number of pens per treatment in trials I through III were 7, 9, and 9, respectively, for research station conditions, and 10 in trial IV for simulated farm conditions. In research station conditions, the experimental unit consisted of flat deck pens with 2 piglets per pen, whereas it consisted of floor pens with straw bedding with 5 piglets per pen in farm conditions. The feed additives had no effect on feed intake or BW gain. Improvements (P < 0.05) in G:F were observed for EOM-M supplemented diets in 2 of 4 trials as well as for the combined data of all trials. These improvements were associated with greater (P<0.05) apparent ileal digestibility of CP and of most AA. The effect of EOM-C on these response criteria was intermediate between control and EOM-M. Real-time PCR analysis of the gastrointestinal contents for 7 bacterial groups (Lactobacillus spp., Enterococcus spp., Clostridium coccoides and Clostridium leptum cluster, Escherichia spp., and Escherichia coli toxin estII) indicated no effect of treatments on the gastrointestinal microbiota. It was concluded that EOM-M consistently improved feed efficiency in weaned piglets, and it was associated with improved ileal protein and AA digestibility. In general, however, the effectiveness of EOM as feed additives differs considerably depending on the constituents.  相似文献   

6.
本文通过研究妊娠后期母猪和仔猪补饲外源精胺对初生和28日龄仔猪肠道形态结构和二糖酶活性的影响,初步探讨干预“仔猪早期断奶综合征”的技术措施.试验第1阶段,选择6头体重和膘情相近、胎次为3、已怀孕91 d的健康“长×大”母猪,随机分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ3个组,每个组设2个重复,每个重复1头母猪.Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组妊娠母猪饲粮中外源精胺的添加量为0、1.5和3.0 mg/kg,饲喂至分娩结束;第2阶段,分娩后母猪采食同一种不含外源精胺的饲粮,Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组哺乳仔猪于7日龄起相应补饲外源精胺添加量为0、3.0和6.0 mg/kg的哺乳仔猪饲粮至28日龄.在仔猪初生和28日龄时,分别从每窝仔猪中选1头接近平均体重的健康仔猪进行屠宰,用于胃肠发育指标的测定.结果表明:与未添加外源精胺相比,妊娠母猪饲粮添加3.0 mg/kg外源精胺显著提高了初生仔猪十二指肠和回肠的柱状细胞数量、十二指肠和空肠的杯状细胞数量(P＜0.05),显著增加了空肠隐窝深度(P＜0.05),显著提高了麦芽糖酶和蔗糖酶比活力(P＜0.05);哺乳仔猪饲粮添加6.0 mg/kg外源精胺显著增加了28日龄仔猪空肠黏膜重(P＜0.05),显著提高了十二指肠和空肠的麦芽糖酶和蔗糖酶比活力(P＜0.05),极显著增加了空肠柱状细胞和杯状细胞数量(P＜0.01),极显著增加了十二指肠和空肠隐窝深度(P＜0.01).因此,在妊娠后期母猪和哺乳仔猪饲粮中添加外源精胺有利于初生和28日龄仔猪肠道形态结构的改善和二糖酶活性的提高.  相似文献   

7.
The objective of this study was to assess the effects of a probiotic strain Clostridium butyricumMIYAIRI 588 (CBM588) on broiler and weaned piglet health and zootechnical performance. Five field studies were carried out in broilers and five in weaned piglets under European feed additive guidelines. Each study followed a randomized blocked design with two treatments: Control (basal diet) and CBM588 supplemented groups. The zootechnical performance parameters selected were body weight, daily gain, feed intake and feed efficiency (feed:gain). Broilers fed diets with CBM588 gained significantly more weight (+2%, p < .001) and exhibited significantly better feed efficiency (?1.6%, p < .001) in comparison with Controls. Similarly, analysis of pooled data of weaned piglet trials showed that CBM588‐fed piglets were significantly heavier than Controls (+2.6%, p = .014), exhibited significantly higher mean daily gain (+4.7%; p = .004), and significantly improved feed efficiency (?4.2%, p = .001). In addition to the zootechnical efficacy studies, the preventive effect of CBM588 on necrotic enteritis (NE) was assessed in a natural challenge model in broilers where CBM588 reduced the incidence and severity of NE lesions. These data indicate the potential of CBM588 to improve broiler and weaned piglet zootechnical performance, and to make a positive contribution to animal health.  相似文献   

8.
本研究旨在评价棉籽浓缩蛋白的营养价值及其替代大豆浓缩蛋白对断奶仔猪生长性能、营养物质消化率和血清生化指标的影响。试验1：将12头生长猪随机分成2组（每组6个重复，每个重复1头猪），分别饲喂玉米基础饲粮和棉籽浓缩蛋白饲粮。采用全收粪尿法和套算法测定棉籽浓缩蛋白的消化能和代谢能。试验2：将12头生长猪随机分成2组（每组6个重复，每个重复1头猪），分别饲喂无氮饲粮和棉籽浓缩蛋白饲粮。采用指示剂法和直接法测定棉籽浓缩蛋白的粗蛋白质和氨基酸标准回肠消化率。试验3：将192头断奶仔猪随机分成4组（每组6个重复，每个重复8头猪），分别饲喂棉籽浓缩蛋白水平为0、2%、4%和6%（等量替代大豆浓缩蛋白）的试验饲粮，试验期28 d。结果表明：1）风干基础下棉籽浓缩蛋白消化能、代谢能和总能消化率分别为16.51 MJ/kg、15.38 MJ/kg和89.78%。2）棉籽浓缩蛋白的粗蛋白质和氨基酸标准回肠消化率89%和75%～94%。3）不同添加水平的棉籽浓缩蛋白替代大豆浓缩蛋白对断奶仔猪生长性能、营养物质消化率及血清生化指标均没有显著影响（P>0.05）。由此可见，棉籽浓缩蛋白在断奶仔猪饲粮中可以完全...  相似文献   

9.
本研究旨在通过猪消化代谢试验测定浓缩脱酚棉籽蛋白(CDCP)生长猪消化能,同时研究其对仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标和养分表观消化率的影响.试验选取65日龄、体重(38.80±2.60)kg的"杜×(长×大)"健康阉公猪8头,随机分成2组(每组4个重复,每个重复1头猪),分别饲喂基础饲粮和试验饲粮(80％基础饲粮+20％C...  相似文献   

10.
The study was conducted to determine the effect of a lignocellulose supplemented diet on apparent ileal and total tract digestibility of fat and fatty acids (FA) in broiler chickens. A total of 48 21‐day‐old male Ross 308 chickens were divided into four treatment groups (n = 12) with six replicates per treatment. From 21 to 42 days of age, the broilers were fed experimental diets varied in the amount of lignocellulose: 0%, 0.25%, 0.5% and 1%. Total excreta were gathered during the last 3 days of the feeding trial and digesta was collected from the ileum at 42 days of the bird age. Digestibility was determined by the indicator method. The ether extract content in diet/digesta/excreta was determined by the gravimetric method, and fatty acid methyl esters were analysed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Fat digestibility measured to the end of the small intestine and in the whole gastrointestinal tract in birds was high and exceeded 90% and 87% respectively. Addition of lignocellulose (1%) increased (p < 0.05) ileal fat digestibility but had no significant effect on total tract fat digestion. Absorption of total fatty acids (TFA) as well as myristic (C14:0), palmitoleic (C16:1) and α‐linolenic (C18:3n?3) acids, estimated by both methods, was significantly higher in birds fed the diets supplemented with lignocellulose, especially at a dose of 1%. Total tract absorption of some dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (C20:2, C20:4n?6) was significantly lower from diet supplemented with 0.5% and 0.25% lignocellulose. There was observed a decrease in apparent digestibility of fat and most examined fatty acids, when measured between terminal ileum and total gastrointestinal tract. The results suggest that lignocellulose can affect digestion and FA absorption in broilers but, as the effect of lignocellulose was not studied previously, further investigations are necessary to confirm the results of the present experiment.  相似文献   

11.
The effects of feeding benzoic acid on weanling pig performance and on the ecology of their gastrointestinal microbiota were evaluated. One hundred and forty-four piglets (4 weeks of age) were used. Half of the piglets were fed a control diet and half were fed the same diet with 0.5% benzoic acid, and their performance was measured for 28 days. At the end of the trial, twelve piglets from each treatment were euthanised and samples of ileal and caecal digesta were collected. The digesta samples were cultured to quantify Lactobacillus spp., Escherichia coli,Enterococcus spp. and Clostridium perfringens and they were also studied by restriction fragment length polymorphism to evaluate the biodiversity degree and the similarity between the profiles of the microbiota. Benzoic acid improved piglets’ performance, and this was associated with a greater ileal microbiota biodiversity.  相似文献   

12.
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)和非淀粉多糖(NSP)复合酶对断奶仔猪生长性能、粪便微生物菌群及血清指标的影响,从而达到代替抗生素的目的。试验采用单因素完全随机设计,选择28日龄健康断奶仔猪192头,平均体重为(7.15±0.36)kg,随机分为4个组,每组6个重复,每个重复8头猪。对照组(CT组)饲喂在基础饲粮中添加40 mg/kg杆菌肽锌的饲粮;试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加1 g/kg植物乳杆菌(PT组)、1 g/kg NSP复合酶(ZT组)、1 g/kg植物乳杆菌+1 g/kg NSP复合酶(PZT组)的饲粮。试验期35 d。结果表明:1)各组间断奶仔猪的试验末重、平均日增重、平均日采食量及料重比均无显著差异(P0.05)。2)各组间断奶仔猪粪便中乳酸菌数量、大肠杆菌数量及乳酸菌/大肠杆菌均无显著差异(P0.05)。但与对照组相比,PZT组断奶仔猪粪便中乳酸菌数量和乳酸菌/大肠杆菌有增加趋势(0.05≤P0.10),大肠杆菌数量有降低趋势(0.05≤P0.10)。3)各组间断奶仔猪的血清生化指标、免疫指标均无显著差异(P0.05)。由此可知,饲粮中复合添加植物乳杆菌和NSP复合酶可促进肠道菌群平衡,有益于仔猪健康生长,从而达到替代抗生素的目的。  相似文献   

13.
Phosphorus (P) from plant-derived feedstuffs is mainly in the form of phytic-P, which has a very low bioavailability in monogastric animals. The non-absorbed phytic-P may contribute to P pollution, reduce mineral bioavailability and might reduce protein digestibility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the recommended levels of Ronozyme® P CT 5000 (750 U/kg — RP) and Natuphos® 5000 (500 U/kg — Nat) on the ileal apparent digestibility of total P, phytates (Phy), calcium (Ca), total nitrogen (N), energy, and amino acids (AA) in 60-day-old ileo-rectal anastomosed pigs. In a double Latin square design they were fed ad libitum either a maize–rapeseed meal based diet or this diet supplemented with RP or with Nat. RP and Nat increased the digestibility of P by 148% and 162%, of Phy by 84% and 76%, and of Ca by 44% and 50%, respectively. The total N digestibility was increased by 4% with RP (P < 0.01) and by 1% with Nat. A numerically increase of the digestibility of most of the AA was observed for Nat and of all AA for RP. Threonine digestibility was significantly increased by RP (P < 0.05). The results of this study indicate that phytases are able to increase the availability of proteins.  相似文献   

14.
[目的]研究在日粮中添加葡萄糖氧化酶和植物血凝素防治仔猪早期断奶腹泻症的效果,探讨其对仔猪生产性能和肠道健康等方面所产生的作用。[方法]选用120头断奶仔猪,随机分为对照组、试验组Ⅰ和试验组Ⅱ3组,分别饲喂常规断奶仔猪基础日粮、添加0.5%的葡萄糖氧化酶日粮以及添加0.5%的葡萄糖氧化酶和0.1%植物血凝素日粮,采用统一的饲养管理模式。记录每日腹泻次数、采食量、死亡数以及试验开始和结束时每头仔猪空腹体重;计算平均日增重、腹泻率、平均日采食量、饲料转化率及死亡率。[结果]试验期内仔猪平均日增重,试验组Ⅰ和试验组Ⅱ分别比对照组提高25.0%和26.8%,差异极显著(P<0.01);仔猪料肉比,试验组Ⅰ和试验组Ⅱ分别比对照组下降17.2%和18.7%,差异极显著(P<0.01);仔猪腹泻率,试验组Ⅰ和试验组Ⅱ分别比对照组下降56.0%和65.5%,差异极显著(P<0.01);仔猪成活率,试验组Ⅰ比对照组提高7.4%,差异不显著(P>0.05),试验组Ⅱ比对照组提高13%,差异极显著(P<0.01)。[结论]在日粮中添加葡萄糖氧化酶和植物血凝素可明显提高饲料转化效率和仔猪成活率,明显降低仔猪腹泻率。  相似文献   

15.
试验旨在研究日粮中添加复合微生态菌剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标和粪便微生物的影响。试验选择160头42日龄的健康杜×长×大仔猪,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复10头猪(公、母各半)。对照组(CON组)饲喂不含抗生素的基础日粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础日粮中添加50 mg/kg杆菌肽锌(PC组)、1 g/kg植物乳杆菌+1 g/kg解淀粉芽孢杆菌(LB组)和1 g/kg植物乳杆菌+1 g/kg干酪乳杆菌(LL组)的日粮。试验期35 d。结果表明:各试验组仔猪的平均日采食量、平均日增重和耗料增重比均无显著差异(P>0.05);饲喂复合菌剂(LB组与LL组)的断奶仔猪血清中二胺氧化酶含量显著低于CON组和PC组(P<0.05);不同组间IgA、IgM和IgG含量、白蛋白、尿素氮、肌酸酐和总蛋白含量无显著差异(P>0.05);第35天,饲喂复合菌剂(LB组与LL组)的断奶仔猪粪便中大肠杆菌的数量显著低于CON组(P<0.05);而各组粪便乳酸菌数量无显著差异(P>0.05)。由此可见,在本试验条件下,日粮中添加复合微生态菌剂对断奶仔猪生长性能无显著影响,但可降低血清二胺氧化酶活性和粪便中大肠杆菌数量,有益于断奶仔猪健康。  相似文献   

16.
 论文旨在研究日粮中添加不同水平乳铁蛋白（lactoferrin,Lf）对早期断奶仔猪养分利用率、血清营养生化指标及血清酶活性指标的影响。采用单因素试验设计,选用21日龄断奶仔猪96头,随机分为4个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复6头仔猪,分别在基础饲粮中添加0、250、500和750  mg/kg乳铁蛋白。试验为期21 d。结果表明：添加乳铁蛋白有提高断奶仔猪干物质消化率的趋势（P＞0.05）,其中500 mg/kg添加组最高。 250 mg/kg、750 mg/kg组与对照组相比能显著提高粗灰分消化率（P＜0.05）;750 mg/kg乳铁蛋白组血清中尿素氮和总胆固醇的含量显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）,各乳铁蛋白添加组血清中总蛋白水平有提高的趋势（P＞0.05）;各乳铁蛋白添加组血清中谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、乳酸脱氢酶的活性与对照组差异不显著（P＞0.05）。综合试验结果与经济效益,本试验条件下日粮中添加500 mg/kg乳铁蛋白为最适添加量。   相似文献   

17.
本试验研究不同粉碎粒度的豆粕对断奶仔猪生长性能和养分消化率的影响,选用26～28日龄断奶(7.9±0.7)kg杜×长×大健康仔猪80头,按体重、性别相同原则随机分为4个处理,每处理设5个重复,每个重复4头猪。各个处理组采用相同的日粮组成,对照组饲喂含常规粉碎豆粕(目标粒径为750μm)的日粮,处理1、2、3分别饲喂含目标粒径为150、30、6μm豆粕的日粮。结果表明:使用粉碎粒度低于30μm豆粕的日粮提高了断奶仔猪日增重(P<0.05),明显提高采食量(P>0.05),降低饲料增重比(P<0.05),显著降低断奶仔猪的腹泻频率;使用粉碎粒度低于30μm豆粕的日粮提高断奶仔猪日粮氮、磷表观消化率(P<0.05),改善能量消化率(P=0.063)和有机物表观消化率(P=0.082),显著提高必需氨基酸的表观消化率(P<0.05)。粉碎粒度低于30μm的超微粉碎豆粕可显著提高断奶仔猪日粮蛋白质的消化效率,提高断奶仔猪的生长性能,改善了豆粕作为蛋白质营养源的生物适应性。  相似文献   

18.
The effects of ground flaxseed (FS) and a multicarbohydrase enzyme (C) supplement on piglet performance, gastrointestinal microbial activity, and nutrient digestibility were investigated in a 28-d trial. The enzyme supplement provided 500 units of pectinase, 50 units of cellulase, 400 units of mannanase, 1,200 units of xylanase, 450 units of glucanase, and 45 units of galactanase per kilogram of diet. Ninety-six pigs were weaned at 17 d of age (BW, 6.1 +/- 0.4 kg, mean +/- SD) and assigned to treatments based on a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design, with 6 pens per diet (4 pigs per pen). The diets contained wheat, barley, peas, soybean meal, and canola meal with 0 or 12% FS, and were fed without or with C. Flaxseed was included by changing the levels of the other ingredients to balance the diets for DE and nutrients. Diets had similar nutrient contents and met the NRC (1998) nutrient specifications, with the exception of DE, CP, and AA, which were 95, 94, and 97% of the NRC requirements, respectively. Diets were fed in a 2-phase feeding program (2 wk/phase). Feed intake and BW were measured weekly, and 1 pig per pen with a BW nearest the pen average was bled weekly to evaluate plasma urea nitrogen. On d 28, fresh fecal samples were collected from each pen and 1 pig per pen with a BW nearest the pen average was killed to evaluate intestinal microbial activity and nutrient digestibility. A dietary effect on piglet performance was observed only in wk 3, when the FS diets decreased (P = 0.005) ADG and G:F, tended to decrease (P = 0.070) ADFI, and increased (P = 0.027) plasma urea nitrogen. An interaction between FS and C was observed for ileal digesta viscosity (P = 0.045), such that C increased viscosity in the FS diet but had no effect in the non-FS diet. Flaxseed and C interacted to affect ileal ammonia content (P = 0.049), such that in the absence of FS, pigs fed the diet with C had lower ammonia than those on the diet without C. Flaxseed and C affected other ileal parameters independently. Pigs fed the FS diets had decreased (P = 0.003 to 0.033) anaerobic spore counts, organic acid, DM, CP, and nonstarch polysaccharide (NSP) digestibility compared with pigs fed the non-FS diets, whereas pigs fed the C-supplemented diets had greater (P = 0.009 to 0.061) lactobacilli counts, lactate, DM, and NSP digestibility than pigs fed the unsupplemented diets. In conclusion, FS reduced ileal microbial activity, nutrient digestibilities, and piglet performance in wk 3. The multicarbohydrase supplement increased ileal DM and NSP digestibilities as well as lactobacilli counts and lactate.  相似文献   

19.
Gut environment and microflora, digestibility, and performance were studied in weaned piglets in Central Vietnam fed a dry control diet (CO), a naturally fermented liquid diet (FE), and a liquid diet with inclusion of rice distiller's residue (RDR). Digesta samples were collected at the start (day 0) and at the end of experiment (day 42). Diet FE had a lower pH than diet RDR, contained more organic acids, had the lowest counts of E. coli and total coliforms (P < 0.05), and the highest counts of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) (P < 0.05). Piglets fed diets FE and RDR had lower pH (P < 0.05), and higher concentrations of organic acids in the stomach, ileum and mid-colon (P < 0.05) than piglets fed diet CO. Counts of LAB in stomach and ileum were higher in animals fed diets FE and RDR than CO (P < 0.05), while the number of E. coli and total coliforms along the gastrointestinal tract was reduced. The ileal digestibility of crude protein and organic matter was improved in piglets fed diet RDR (P < 0.05) compared with piglets fed diet CO. Piglets fed diet RDR had a higher weight gain (P < 0.05) and a better feed utilization (P < 0.05) than piglets fed the other diets. The present findings support the contention that fermented diets and/or fermented feedstuffs can be used for dietary manipulation to improve gut health and animal performance.  相似文献   

20.
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平包被蛋氨酸对肉鸡生长性能、血液生化指标和氨基酸表观回肠消化率的影响。选用 １８日龄科宝 ５００肉鸡 ３７８０只,按试验要求随机分为 ７组,每组设 ３个重复,每个重复 １８０只鸡。对照组（Ａ组）饲粮添加 ０．１６％的消旋蛋氨酸（ＤＬ Ｍｅｔ）,试验组饲粮添加含量为 ５０％的包被蛋氨酸,添加量分别为饲粮的 ０．３２％（Ｂ组）、０．２９％（Ｃ组）、０．２６％（Ｄ组）、０．２２％（Ｅ组）、０．１９％（Ｆ组）、０．１６％（Ｇ组）。饲喂至 ４２日龄结束。结果表明：Ｂ组和 Ｃ组末重、平均日增重和平均日采食量均显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）,Ｂ组死亡率显著低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）,其他组与对照组均差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）;各试验组（除 Ｇ组外）血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性均显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）,Ｂ组和 Ｃ组血浆总超氧化物歧化酶活性均显著高于 Ｇ组（Ｐ＜０．０５）,其他生化指标各组间均差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）;各试验组干物质和粗蛋白质表观回肠消化率均与对照组差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）,除 Ｇ组多种氨基酸表观回肠消化率显著低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）外,其他试验组的各种氨基酸表观回肠消化率均与对照组差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）或显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结果提示,随着包被蛋氨酸添加量的增加,肉鸡生长性能逐渐改善,氨基酸回肠消化率逐渐提高。饲粮添加 ０．１９％包被蛋氨酸（替代对照组 ６０％的蛋氨酸）即可满足肉鸡需要,即采用包被方式后,蛋氨酸最多可节约 ４０％。  相似文献   

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